Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of ?,?-branched carboxylic acids vinyl esters comprising the following steps: isomerising and converting an olefin feed with CO and water under Koch reaction conditions to make an acid with a ratio of Non Blocking isomers (NB) versus Blocking isomers (B) of NB/B above 1.5, wherein a blocking isomer has always a tertiary carbon atom in alpha position of the carboxylic acid and in the beta position of the carboxylic acid, whereas a non-blocking isomer has primary carbon atoms in the beta position of the carboxylic acid converting the resulting acid into a vinyl ester.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the hydroformnylation of triglycerides by homogeneous catalysis in the presence of at least one substituted cyclodextrin, said method comprising a step a) of combining, under agitation, at least one catalyst, waiter, at least one unsaturated triglyceride and said substituted cyclodextrin, in the presence of gaseous hydrogen and carbon monoxide, said step being carried out in reactive conditions allowing the formation of an emulsion during the agitation and a decanting of the products once the agitation has stopped.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of ?,?-branched carboxylic acids vinyl esters comprising the following steps: isomerizing and converting an olefin feed with CO and water under Koch reaction conditions to make an acid with a ratio of Non Blocking isomers (NB) versus Blocking isomers (B) of NB/B above 1.5, wherein a blocking isomer has always a tertiary carbon atom in alpha position of the carboxylic acid and in the beta position of the carboxylic acid, whereas a non-blocking isomer has primary carbon atoms in the beta position of the carboxylic acid converting the resulting acid into a vinyl ester.

Abstract: Benzolipoxin analogs, methods of their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds are provided. The compounds and compositions are useful in methods for treatment of various diseases, including, inflammation, autoimmune disease and abnormal cell proliferation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of ?,?-branched carboxylic acids vinyl esters comprising the following steps: isomerising and converting an olefin feed with CO and water under Koch reaction conditions to make an acid with a ratio of Non Blocking isomers (NB) versus Blocking isomers (B) of NB/B above 1.5, wherein a blocking isomer has always a tertiary carbon atom in alpha position of the carboxylic acid and in the beta position of the carboxylic acid, whereas a non-blocking isomer has primary carbon atoms in the beta position of the carboxylic acid converting the resulting acid into a vinyl ester.

Abstract: Provided are compositions, processes for making, and processes for using neoalkyl polyol esters and triglycerides as plasticizers. In one form, a neoalkylester triglyceride plasticizers can be produced by (i) drying a polyol feedstream; (ii) contacting in a reactor the dried polyol feedstream with a neoacid feedstream under effective temperature, pressure and time to form a neoalkylester plasticizer effluent stream, and (iii) purifying the neoalkylester plasticizer effluent stream to remove unreacted polyol and unreacted neoacid to form a neoalkylester plasticizer. Such plasticizers can be phthalate-free and provide outstanding properties including a suitable melting or pour point, glass transition temperature, low volatility, increased compatibility, increased hydrolytic stability, and excellent low temperature properties in a range of polymeric resins.

Abstract: Provided are compositions, processes for making, and processes for using neoalkyl polyol esters and triglycerides as plasticizers. In one form, a neoalkylester triglyceride plasticizers can be produced by (i) drying a polyol feedstream; (ii) contacting in a reactor the dried polyol feedstream with a neoacid feedstream under effective temperature, pressure and time to form a neoalkylester plasticizer effluent stream, and (iii) purifying the neoalkylester plasticizer effluent stream to remove unreacted polyol and unreacted neoacid to form a neoalkylester plasticizer. Such plasticizers can be phthalate-free and provide outstanding properties including a suitable melting or pour point, glass transition temperature, low volatility, increased compatibility, increased hydrolytic stability, and excellent low temperature properties in a range of polymeric resins.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a process for the skeletal isomerization of unsaturated linear fatty acids and/or alkyl esters thereof to their branched counterparts. Said skeletal isomerization process comprises contacting said unsaturated linear fatty acids and/or alkyl esters thereof with at least one metal ion exchanged solid material catalyst. The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of branched fatty acids and/or alkyl esters thereof from their straight chain counterparts. Finally, the invention also relates to various derivatives prepared from the branched fatty acids and/or alkyl esters prepared in accordance with the present invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of cis-6-hexadecenoic acid of the formula I, which comprises reacting a1) a triphenylphosphonium salt of the formula II, R1OOC—(CH2)5—P(R2)3+X−  II  with decanal of the formula III H3C—(CH2)8—CH═O  III  or a2) a triphenylphosphonium salt of the formula IV, H3C—(CH2)9—P(R2)3+X−  IV  with an aldehyde of the formula V, R1OOC—(CH2)4—CH═O  V  in a Wittig reaction, and b) saponifying the ester, formed by process step a1) or a2), of the formula VI,  where the substituents R1, R2 and X− have the meanings given in the description.

Abstract: A process for the branching of saturated and/or unsaturated fatty acids and/or alkyl esters thereof comprises subjecting the fatty acids and/or alkyl esters to a skeletal isomerization reaction using a catalyst comprising a crystalline porous structure having incorporated therein a metal to form metal sites on said catalyst and isolating branched fatty acids, alkyl esters thereof, or mixtures thereof, from a reaction mixture obtained by said skeletal isomerization reaction. The catalyst used in the isomerization reaction is preferably a zeolite catalyst containing metal sites of a Group VIII metal. The process produces a mixture of fatty acids and/or alkyl esters that contain significant quantities of branched molecules.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of vinyl esters from butene oligomers, wherein butenes are oligomerized, the butene oligomers are separated from the oligomerized mixture, the butene oligomers are converted to carboxylic acids which are longer by one carbon atom, and the resulting carboxylic acids are converted to the corresponding vinyl esters. The butene oligomers are in particular dibutene, tributene and tetrabutene. The invention also relates to the use of the vinyl esters as plasticizers or as comonomers in polymerization reactions.

Abstract: A process for the production of a carboxylic acid and/or a carboxylic acid anhydride which process comprises contacting a reaction composition comprising an alcohol and/or a carboxylic acid ester, optionally water, a first hydrocarbyl halide and/or a hydrocarbyl ether reactant and a second hydrocarbyl halide promoter, the first and second hydrocarbyl halides being the same or different, with carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst comprising an insoluble imidazole-containing resin supporting a Group VIII metal species.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a linear .omega.-formyl-carboxylic acid or a corresponding linear formylnitrile compound starting from an internally unsaturated C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 carboxylic acid or a corresponding ester or nitrile by means of hydroformylation in the presence of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and a catalyst system, wherein the hydroformylation is carried out in an aqueous medium and in that the catalyst system comprises platinum and a water-soluble organic bidentate ligand.

Abstract: A Koch functionalized product which is the reaction product of at least one polymer having a number average molecular weight of at least 500 and at least ethylenic double bond per polymer chain, with carbon monoxide and a nucleophilic trapping agent. The invention includes functionalized polymer, derivatives thereof and methods of making the same.

Abstract: A Koch functionalized product which is the reaction product of at least one polymer having a number average molecular weight of at least 500 and at least one ethylenic double bond per polymer chain, with carbon monoxide and a nucleophilic trapping agent. The invention includes functionalized polymer, derivatives thereof and methods of making the same.

Abstract: A process for the carbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds by reaction with carbon monoxide and a co-reactant in the presence of a substantially non-acidic catalyst system based on a palladium compound and a bidentate ligand of the formulaR.sub.1 R.sub.2 M.sub.1 RM.sub.2 R.sub.3 R.sub.4in which M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 may be phosphorus, arsenic or antimony atom, R is a bivalent organic bridging group, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently substituted or non-substituted aliphatic groups, with the proviso that R.sub.1 together with R.sub.2, and/or R.sub.3 together with R.sub.4 form a bivalent cyclic group with at least 5 ring atoms whereby the two free valencies are linked to M.sub.1 or M.sub.2, respectively.Catalytic compositions employing the bidentate ligands used in this method in which M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 are phosphorous are also presented.

Abstract: A process for the production from an alcohol having n carbon atoms, wherein n is a number from 1 to 20, of a carboxylic acid having n+1 carbon atoms and/or an ester of the alcohol having n carbon atoms with the carboxylic acid by reacting the alcohol at a temperature of at least 50.degree. C.

Abstract: Hydroformylation process, wherein an olefinic compound is reacted with hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the presence of a Group VIII precious metal complex catalyst containing an organic phosphorus compound as a ligand, the process being characterized by use of trialkyl phosphine, as the organic phosphorus compound, having the total carbon atom number of 27 or more in its alkyl groups.

Abstract: A fusion process for the rapid production of a granular metal soap passes a mixture of metal (e.g. zinc) oxide, one or more molten fatty acids and a catalyst through a heated reactor to form molten metallic soap which is then ejected through a spray nozzle in a cooling tower to form a granular soap product. Use of a spiral tubular reactor with a rapid heating coil is disclosed. The reaction is conducted under pressure to maintain water generated by the reaction in the liquid state. Flashing of the reaction water in the cooling tower aids in cooling and formation of fine granules.