Abstract: A method of recovering an extraction aid from distillers corn oil, by directing stillage containing distillers oil and an extraction aid to a centrifugal separator, recovering a light phase from the centrifugal separator, the light phase containing at least a portion of the distillers oil and at least a portion of the extraction aid, cooling the light phase and causing a precipitate to form, and recovering a precipitate from the cooled light phase containing at least a portion of the extraction aid. A method of recovering distillers oil.

Abstract: Fermentable sugar useful for the production of biofuels is produced from biomass in a continuous or semi-continuous manner by providing pumpable biomass.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a fatty acid composition having a low content of saturated fatty acid easily and with a high yield from a decomposed fatty acid composition containing monoacylglycerol. The method for producing a fatty acid composition having the content of saturated fatty acid of 8% by mass or less, comprising the following steps (1) to (3): (1) obtaining a fatty acid mixture by adjusting the component ratio of a decomposed fatty acid composition obtained by hydrolyzing a fat or oil so that the content of fatty acid is from 80 to 96% by mass, the content of monoacylglycerol is from 0.3 to 8% by mass, the content of diacylglycerol is from 1 to 12% by mass, and the mass ratio of diacylglycerol to monoacylglycerol [ (DAG)/(MAG)] is from 0.5 to 40; (2) cooling the fatty acid mixture obtained in step (1) to a temperature within the range from the temperature 2° C. lower than the cloud point of the fatty acid mixture to the temperature 13° C.

Abstract: Various methods are provided for metathesizing a feedstock. In one aspect, a method includes providing a feedstock including a natural oil, chemically treating the feedstock under conditions sufficient to diminish catalyst poisons in the feedstock, and, following the treating, combining a metathesis catalyst with the feedstock under conditions sufficient to metathesize the feedstock.

Abstract: A method of reducing the proportion of agricultural residues (ARs), such as pesticides and herbicides, present in an essential oil, comprising the treatment of the oil with an ionic liquid that has at most limited solubility in the oil, the ionic liquid having an anion and a cation chosen from the following table: cation anion dialkylimidazolium alkylsulfate trialkylimidazolium dicyanamide dialkylpyridinium alkylsulfonate dialkylpyrrolidinium alkylphosphate thiocyanate fluoroacetate fluoroalkyl sulfonate tetrafluoroborate halide The method is particularly effect with citrus oils, especially orange oil, and it can remove most ARs, without removing essential components of the oil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing fatty acid esters and/or fatty acid ester mixtures of monohydric alcohols having 1 to 5 carbon atoms by transesterifying fatty acid glycerides with monohydric alcohols in the presence of a basic catalyst, in the course of which methanesulfonic acid is used. The invention further relates to the use of methanesulfonic acid for preparing these fatty acid esters.

Abstract: A method of obtaining lipids from microbial biomass such as algae is provided by treating microbial biomass with a solution containing at least one ?-hydroxysulfonic acid to extract and recover liposoluble components. The ?-hydroxysulfonic acid can be easily removed from the product containing liposoluble compoenents and recycled.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a fatty acid alkyl ester, including step 1 of adding at least one surfactant selected from anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants and water to a crude fatty acid alkyl ester and stirring to obtain a mixture containing aggregates, and step 2 of separating the aggregates from the mixture from step 1 so that the removal rate of steryl glucoside is 60% or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a fatty acid alkyl ester, including step 1 of adding at least one surfactant selected from anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants and water to a crude fatty acid alkyl ester and stirring to obtain a mixture containing aggregates, and step 2 of separating the aggregates from the mixture from step 1 so that the removal rate of steryl glucoside is 60% or more.

Abstract: A process that can be used for isolating a fluorinated alkanoic acid from an aqueous solution also containing inorganic fluorides is provided. This process comprises (A) acidifying an aqueous solution comprising an ammonium or metal salt of a fluorinated alkanoic acid to produce an acidified solution, (B) heating the acidified solution to produce an organic layer and an aqueous layer, (C) separating and recovering the organic layer from the aqueous layer, (D) optionally washing the organic layer with an acid solution, (E) optionally isolating the fluorinated alkanoic acid, and (F) further optionally converting the fluorinated alkanoic acid to its ammonium or alkali metal salt.

Abstract: A process that can be used for isolating a fluorinated alkanoic acid from an aqueous solution also containing inorganic fluorides is provided. This process comprises (A) acidifying an aqueous solution comprising an ammonium or metal salt of a fluorinated alkanoic acid to produce an acidified solution, (B) heating the acidified solution to produce an organic layer and an aqueous layer, (C) separating and recovering the organic layer from the aqueous layer, (D) optionally washing the organic layer with an acid solution, (E) optionally isolating the fluorinated alkanoic acid, and (F) further optionally converting the fluorinated alkanoic acid to its ammonium or alkali metal salt.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a tenside mixture, wherein a starting mixture containing an alkali metal salt of an alkyl sulfonic acid is treated with a concentrated sulfuric acid solution in an amount in excess of the amount needed for converting the salts to organic acids with stirring and cooling such that the temperature of the mixture does not exceed about 35.degree. C., the reaction mixture being allowed to separate into two layers, one layer containing the organic acids, wherein the one layer containing the organic acids is separated and neutralized with di- or triethanolamine in order to prepare di- or triethanolamine salts of the said acids.

Abstract: N-alkyl polyhydroxy alkyl amines such as N-methyl glucamine having a Gardner Color of less than 1 are reacted with sources of fatty acyl groups such as methyl esters, anhydrides, and/or fatty acids that have greater than 98% transmittance at 460 nm in organic hydroxy solvents such as methanol to prepare N-alkyl polyhydroxy amine amides with good color. The N-alkyl polyhydroxyamines can be purified by crystallization, and/or subjected to reductive bleaching, to provide superior color. The reaction is preferably carried out at low temperature for short periods of time and with low catalyst levels to minimize formation of cyclic products. The resulting amide product can be further purified by treatment with anionic and cationic exchange resins to remove soap and amine impurities. The anionic ion exchange resin can be readily regenerated by acidifying it followed by washing with an organic solvent.

Abstract: In preparing an acyloxybenzenesulfonic acid or salts thereof by sulfonating the corresponding acyloxybenzene (1), the preparation process of the acyloxybenzenesulfonic acid wherein as an additive is added at least one selected from among carboxylic acids or esters thereof (2), alkyl phosphates (3), polyphosphoric acids (4), amides and like compounds (6), carbonic esters (7), and hydroxy compounds (8). By the process, acyloxybenzenesulfonic acid excellent in hue can be prepared on an industrial scale in an enhanced yield at enhanced selectivity and lowered cost as compared with the processes of the prior art.

Abstract: Process for preparing solutions of polyhydroxy-fatty acid amides having good color qualityIn the process described, at least one sulfur compound from the group of dithionous acid is added in an active amount to the crude solutions, which are in general more or less brown in color, after which water-clear polyhydroxy-fatty acid amide products result.

Abstract: A process for the extraction of oils from oil-containing solid vegetable material by means of compressed gases, wherein said vegetable material is extracted with a mixture consisting of a supercritical gas and a subcritical entraining agent selected from the group consisting of propane, butane, pentane, ethanol, ethyl acetate, formaldehydedimethylacetal, CHF.sub.