Abstract: A nanocrystal composition can include a nanocrystal and an outer layer including a ligand bound to the nanocrystal, wherein the ligand includes a norbornene group and a carboxyl group.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to methods of metal oxide nanocrystals preparation. In embodiments, a metal-organic precursor may be economically synthesized by reacting a metal with an organic acid. The organic acid may include an aliphatic chain longer than three carbon atoms. The metal may be In, Sn, Al, Ga, Zn, Cd, Sb, Bi, Ge, Mn, Ti, Nb, V, Cr, Mo, Fe, Y, Mg, Co, as well as mixtures thereof. Further processing of the metal-organic precursor (e.g. by pyrolysis, hydrolysis, or alcoholysis) produces metal oxide nanocrystals of desired characteristics. An metal-organic precursor of indium tin oxide (ITO) may be synthesized by reacting indium metal and tin metal with an organic acid having an aliphatic chain longer than three carbon atoms (e.g. stearic acid) at a temperature above 200° C. Further processing of the resulting metal-organic precursor yields ITO nanocrystals of regular shape, uniform size, and average diameter ranging of between about 1-500 nm.

Abstract: Method for improving the feed efficiency in poultry husbandry wherein poultry is provided with a compound directly upon hatching, the compound being selected from a lactylate in accordance with formula 1, or a Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe(II), Zn, NH4, or Cu(II) salt thereof, R2-COO—[—CH(CH3)-COO]n-R1??Formula 1 a glycolylate of formula 2, or a Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe(II), Zn, NH4, or Cu(II) salt thereof. R2-COO—[—CH2-COO]n-R1??Formula 2: a lactate ester of formula 3, HO—CH(CH3)-COO—R2??Formula 3: and/or a glycolic acid ester of formula 4, HO—CH2-COO—R2??Formula 4: In the above formulas R1 is selected from H, n stands for an integer with value of 1-10, and R2 stands for C1-C35 alkyl or alkenyl chain, which may be branched or unbranched. The effective compound provided to poultry is dosed level in a first part of their life-span higher than the dose level in other part of their life span.

Abstract: A material including a plurality of fatty acid chains cross-linked together and a silver fatty acid salt formed with the fatty acid chains within the material. Methods for forming a material are also included. The silver-containing materials can be utilized alone or in combination with a medical device for the release and local delivery of one or more anti-infective agents.

Abstract: Stable complexes are described, formed by mono- and di-functional compounds bound to nanoparticles composed of various types of transition metal oxides and of metals useful in the production processes of different types of new materials (such as for example some types of hydrophile plastics, fibers); processes for the production of the complexes are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surface treatment method for magnetic particles, a magnetic composite prepared thereby, and a magnetic composite for labeling target materials. More specifically, the invention relates to a surface treatment method for magnetic particles and a magnetic composite having excellent dispersibility prepared thereby, wherein the surface treatment method comprises the steps of: performing the acid-treatment of magnetic particles and mixing the acid-treated magnetic particles with a water-soluble solvent in order to form a hydroxyl group (—OH) on the surface of the magnetic particles; and mixing the magnetic particles, in which the hydroxyl group is formed, with a surface treatment agent containing an organic ligand, which can be bonded to the hydroxyl group, so that the organic ligand is treated on the surface of the magnetic particles.

Abstract: Provided are methods of controlling the shape and surface chemistry of nanoparticles, particularly ferrite nanoparticles. Methods for preparing non-spherical ferrite nanoparticles, including nanocubes, nanobars, nanoplates, and nanoflowers, are described. Also provided are methods of functionalizing the surface of metal and metal oxide particles. The surface functionalization methods do not require the use of chemical linkers and/or additional reagents, and permit the facile conjugation of a range of molecules, including bioactive agents, to the surface of particles.

Abstract: We have now discovered a novel process for the removal or extraction of metal species from a variety of solid, liquid or gas phase materials. Metal species may be removed by contacting the material suspected of containing one or more metals with a thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof for a period of time and under conditions effective for the sequestration of the metal species by the thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof. The thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof comprising sequestered metal species may then be separated and recovered from the treated material. Moreover, following the treatment of aqueous liquids or mixtures, or suspensions or dispersions of solids in aqueous liquids, the resultant thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof comprising the sequestered metal species is insoluble in water and forms a separate layer from the aqueous liquid phase, which layer may be readily removed.

Abstract: A method of obtaining a polyunsaturated fatty acid derivative comprises contacting a mixture of fatty acid derivatives with a silver salt aqueous solution, and adjusting the free fatty acid content in the silver salt aqueous solution to 0.2 meq or less per gram of silver when repeatedly using the silver salt aqueous solution. A polyunsaturated fatty acid derivative having high purity and excellent quality can thus be economically obtained.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the generation of nanostructures suitable for use in magnetic resonance imaging where the nanostructures have at least one dimension of about 2 nm or less. In particular, the methods comprise the selective use of incubation temperatures that result in the controlled removal of ligands from metallic cores to which they are attached, allowing the metallic cores or the precursor moieties to unite to form nanostructures of defined and predictable shapes, but having at least one dimension significantly less that at least one other dimension. Accordingly, the nanostructures of the disclosure may be ultrathin sheets, rods, whiskers and the like, or even structures that are thin and porous resembling rice grains. The temperatures useful in the methods of the disclosure are less than 300° C. and allow for progressive elevation of the incubation temperature.

Abstract: Provided are a preparation method of iron oxide-based paramagnetic or pseudo-paramagnetic nanoparticles, iron oxide-based nanoparticles prepared by the same, and a T1 contrast agent including the same. More particularly, the disclosure describes a method for preparation of iron oxide nanoparticles having a extremely small and uniform size of 4 nm or less based on thermal decomposition of iron oleate complex, iron oxide-based paramagnetic or pseudo-paramagnetic nanoparticles prepared by the same, and a T1 contrast agent including iron oxide-based paramagnetic or pseudo-paramagnetic nanoparticles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of forming an iron oleate complex comprising the steps of: (a) dissolving an oleate in a low-order alcohol solvent at a temperature of about 35° C. to 65° C.; (b) adding a non-polar solvent to the solution of step (a); (c) adding an iron salt dissolved in a low-order alcohol to the solution of step (b); (d) agitating the solution of step (c) at a temperature of about 50° C. for at least 5 min; (e) cooling the reaction mixture of step (d) to a temperature of about 15° C. to 30° C.; (f) optionally filtering the reaction mixture of step (e); (g) separating the non-polar solvent phase from the low-order alcohol phase; (h) washing and drying the non-polar solvent phase; (i) removing volatiles from the non-polar solvent phase of step (h) by evaporation; and (j) mixing the product of step (i) with a polar solvent to yield a solid iron oleate complex.

Abstract: A co-salt of a polyunsaturated fatty acid and a non-fatty acid is formed as a precipitate. The co-salt formed is free flowing and does not tend to agglomerate (cake) in storage. The resultant co-salt product will be easy to blend with other products to produce dietary supplements. These novel co-salt products may also tablet very well and may be added to current dietary supplement tablets.

Abstract: Methods for the preparation of a free-flowing, storage-stable fatty acid metal salt product by forming a reactive admixture of (a) an unsaturated fatty acid glyceride feedstock; and (b) from about 1 mol to about 3 mol of at least one monovalent metal hydroxide or at least one divalent metal hydroxide; and heating the admixture to a temperature at which said fatty acid glycerides saponify to form fatty acid metals salts; wherein said monovalent metal is potassium; and wherein said divalent metal is selected from the group consisting of calcium, copper, magnesium and zinc. The fatty acid glycerides are saponified in an atmosphere in which the partial pressure of oxygen has been reduced by an amount effective to provide an improvement in storage stability until a free-flowing, storage-stage product is obtained. Storage stable metal salts of unsaturated fatty acids prepared by the inventive methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: There are provided a method for producing metal nanoparticles including preparing a first solution including a metal precursor, an amine, and a non-aqueous solvent; producing metal nanoparticles capped with amine by heating, agitating, and reducing the first solution; preparing a second solution by washing a non-reactive amine among the produced metal nanoparticles and dispersing the metal nanoparticles in the non-aqueous solvent; and partially capping an acid on the metal nanoparticles dispersed by adding the acid to the second solution and heating and agitating it, an ink composition using the same, and a method for producing the same. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention can provide a method for producing metal nanoparticles having surface stability, excellent adhesion, an effect of reducing cracks by modifying the substituents of metal nanoparticles, an ink composition using the same, and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: A co-salt of a polyunsaturated fatty acid and a non-fatty acid is formed as a precipitate. The co-salt formed is free flowing and does not tend to agglomerate (cake) in storage. The resultant co-salt product will be easy to blend with other products to produce dietary supplements. These novel co-salt products may also tablet very well and may be added to current dietary supplement tablets.

Abstract: Hydrophobic metal nanoparticles are prepared by reducing a metal precursor in a non-polar or low polar organic solvent with or without volume expansion by adding CO2.

Abstract: Methods for the preparation of a free-flowing, storage-stable fatty acid metal salt product by forming a reactive admixture of (a) an unsaturated fatty acid glyceride feedstock; and (b) from about 1 mol to about 3 mol of at least one monovalent metal hydroxide or at least one divalent metal hydroxide; and heating the admixture to a temperature at which said fatty acid glycerides saponify to form fatty acid metals salts; wherein said monovalent metal is potassium; and wherein said divalent metal is selected from the group consisting of calcium, copper, magnesium and zinc. The fatty acid glycerides are saponified in an atmosphere in which the partial pressure of oxygen has been reduced by an amount effective to provide an improvement in storage stability until a free-flowing, storage-stage product is obtained. Storage stable metal salts of unsaturated fatty acids prepared by the inventive methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: Thermally-stable silicone elastomers are prepared from organopolysiloxane compositions by polyaddition, polycondensation or vulcanization reactions in the presence of peroxide; the thermal stability of the silicone elastomers is achieved by the inclusion of an additive derived from an iron (III) complex.

Abstract: A fatty acid metal salt used for forming ultrafine metal particles satisfying at least one of that: (i) the water content is 200 ppm or less; (ii) the volume-cumulative particle diameter D90 is 80 ?m or smaller as measured by the particle size distribution measuring method of the laser diffraction/scattering type; or (iii) a metal of an atomic weight of 50 to 200 is contained, and the amount of the unreacted substance or the by-product is 4.0 mol % or less when the fatty acid metal salt is formed. The fatty acid metal salt can be favorably used for forming ultrafine metal particles in a resin, or for forming a resin composition, a coating, a dispersion solution or a molded article containing the ultrafine metal particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for transesterification of at least one component comprising at least one ester group with at least one component comprising at least one hydroxyl group, wherein the red mud produced in the Bayer process used for producing aluminum is added to the method as a reaction-promoting component. The invention also relates to the use of carboxylic acid salts produced during the transesterification method as plant treating agents and as detergents in cleaning and washing agents. The invention also relates to the use of dealkalized red mud obtained by means of the method according to the invention as the iron-contributing component of an iron fertilizer which can be used in particular in agriculture and to which limestone can also be added.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic silver complex compound in which an organic ligand, containing an amine group (—NH2) and a hydroxyl group (—OH), is bonded with aliphatic silver (Ag) carboxylate at an equivalent ratio of 2:1 to form a complex. Also disclosed is a conductive paste comprising: a silver source selected from the group consisting of silver oxide powder, silver powder and silver flake; and organic silver complex compound in which an organic ligand, containing an amine group and a hydroxyl group, is bonded with an organic silver compound to form a complex. The organic silver complex compound has high solubility in a solvent and is present in the liquid state at room temperature. Thus, an extra solvent is not used in a conductive pattern-forming paste containing the complex compound or is used in a small amount, such that the content of silver in the conductive pattern-forming paste can be increased.

Abstract: Adsorptive ultra-fine metal particles having a bond between an organic acid component and a metal, and exhibiting an infrared absorption peak derived from the bond between the organic acid component and the metal near 1518 cm?1. The adsorptive ultra-fine metal particles are capable of exhibiting excellent deodorizing property and VOC-adsorbing property without impairing properties and formability of the resin. The invention is further concerned to an adsorptive resin composition and an adsorptive coating material containing the adsorptive ultra-fine metal particles and are capable of forming shaped resin articles or coatings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing metal nanoparticles and metal nanoparticles produced thereby, in particular, to a method for producing metal nanoparticles used for inkjet that comprises, preparing metal nanoparticles capped with a fatty acid; heating a mixture of the capped metal nanoparticles and a linear or branched first amine of C1-C7 so that a part of the fatty acid is substituted to the first amine; and heating after adding a linear or branched second amine of C8-C20 to the mixture so that the first amine is re-substituted to the second amine. According to the present invention, metal nanoparticles capped with 2 kinds of dispersants can be produced massively, and its application to ink for inkjet technique can lower the curing temperature of ink.

Abstract: Silver salts of long chain carboxylic acids are prepared from long chain carboxylic acids by sequential addition of at least two different alkali metal hydroxides, one of which is lithium hydroxide, followed by converting the mixture of alkali metal carboxylates to silver carboxylates. Photothermographic materials prepared from such silver carboxylates display improved Dmin aging with little if any affect on other sensitometric properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing metal nanoparticles and metal nanoparticles produced thereby, in particular, to a method for producing metal nanoparticles used for inkjet that comprises, preparing metal nanoparticles capped with a fatty acid; heating a mixture of the capped metal nanoparticles and a linear or branched first amine of C1-C7 so that a part of the fatty acid is substituted to the first amine; and heating after adding a linear or branched second amine of C8-C20 to the mixture so that the first amine is re-substituted to the second amine. According to the present invention, metal nanoparticles capped with 2 kinds of dispersants can be produced massively, and its application to ink for inkjet technique can lower the curing temperature of ink.

Abstract: An apparatus for preparing non-photosensitive fatty acid silver salt grains having a first feeding device for feeding a silver ion-containing solution, the solvent of which is water or a mixture of water and an organic solvent, to a closed mixing device; a second feeding device for feeding a solution of a fatty acid alkali metal salt, the solvent of which is water, an organic solvent, or a mixture of water and an organic solvent, to the closed mixing device; a third feeding device for feeding water, or a mixture of water and an organic solvent to the closed mixing device; and the closed mixing device for mixing matter fed from the first, second and third feeding devices, and discharging a liquid containing non-photosensitive fatty acid silver salt grains.

Abstract: A recording material comprising a support and a thermosensitive element containing one or more of silver behenate, silver palmitate, and silver stearate, an organic reducing agent therefor in thermal working relationship therewith and a binder, wherein the silver behenate, palmitate, or stearate is not associated with mercury and/or lead ions, production processes for particles of substantially light-insensitive organic silver salt primarily comprising silver behenate, silver palmitate, or stearate, with described X-ray characteristics in the substantial absence of organic solvent.

Abstract: A method for producing grains of aliphatic acid silver salt by mixing a solution containing silver ions and a solution of aliphatic acid alkali metal salt to attain reaction of them, wherein (1) 95-100% of the total molar number to be added of the aliphatic acid alkali metal salt is added under a condition that dilution factor of the solution of aliphatic acid alkali metal salt becomes 10-fold or higher at 1 second after the addition, (2) 95-100% of the total amount to be added of silver in the solution containing silver ions is added under a condition that dilution factor of the solution containing silver ions becomes 20-fold or higher at 1 second after the addition, and (3) 50-100% of the total amount to be added of the solution of aliphatic acid alkali metal salt is added simultaneously with the solution containing silver ions.

Abstract: Disclosed are thiol-functionalized phospholipids that have been covalently linked to a gold and/or silver substrate, methods for making them, and intermediates useful for such purposes. The resulting material creates a biomimetic surface that can be included in a conduit containing blood.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for regenerating reaction lubricant residues containing acid organic lubricants refused and processed during cold forming and multivalent metal ions and phosphate ions, wherein said reaction lubricant residues undergo the following procedural steps: a) precipitating metal ions from the metal organic compounds by adding phosphoric acid and/or acid phosphoric acid esters; b) dissolving water-soluble impurities by adding water; c) separating the solids from the lubricant components and from the aqueous phases that are incompatible with the oily lubricant components, and whereby d) acid phosphoric acid esters for adjusting the free acid at a value of less than 10 points and for adjusting a total acidity point value of less than 70 is adjusted at a free acid. total acidity ratio having a value in the range of 0.15 to 0.5. The separation indicated in step c) preferably occurs by means of a centrifuge at 2,000 to 3,000 g, especially at 8,000 to 15,000 g.

Abstract: A method for preparing non-photosensitive fatty acid silver salt grains was disclosed. The method has the step of reacting a silver ion-containing solution, the solvent of which being water or a mixture of water and an organic solvent, with a solution of a fatty acid alkali metal salt, the solvent of which being water, an organic solvent, or a mixture of water and an organic solvent, to obtain fatty acid silver salt grains; in which the reaction is proceeded by mixing the silver ion-containing solution and the solution of the fatty acid alkali metal salt within a closed mixing means. The dispersion of the non-photosensitive fatty acid silver salt grains prepared according to such method is excellent in dispersion stability and coating property.

Abstract: A recording material comprising a support and a thermosensitive element containing one or more of silver behenate, silver palmitate, and silver stearate, an organic reducing agent therefor in thermal working relationship therewith and a binder, wherein the silver behenate, palmitate, or stearate is not associated with mercury and/or lead ions, production processes for particles of substantially light-insensitive organic silver salt primarily comprising silver behenate, silver palmitate, or stearate, with described X-ray characteristics in the substantial absence of organic solvent.

Abstract: A process for producing an aqueous dispersion comprising: preparing a dispersion of photosensitive silver halide and a binder or a surfactant in an aqueous medium; and subsequently either (a) adding a first silver salt to the silver halide dispersion and then adding a second silver salt; or (b) adding the second silver salt to the silver halide dispersion and then adding the first silver salt, wherein the aqueous dispersion is substantially free of a water-soluble metal or ammonium salt of an aliphatic carboxylic acid with greater than 12 carbon atoms, the first silver salt is a substantially light-insensitive and substantially water-insoluble silver salt of an organic carboxylic acid, and the second silver salt has a water-solubility greater than 0.1 g in 1 L of water at 20° C.; an aqueous dispersion obtainable therewith; a photothermographic recording material prepared with the aqueous dispersion; and a process for preparing the photothermographic recording material.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing non-photosensitive fatty acid silver salt comprising the steps of reacting a silver ion-containing solution, the solvent of which being a mixture of an organic solvent and water or water, with a solution of an alkali metal salt of a fatty acid, solvent of which being water, organic solvent or a mixture of an organic solvent and water, to obtain a fatty acid silver grain; adding a dispersing agent; and desalting the obtained fatty acid silver dispersion by ultra-filtration; characterized in that pH of the dispersion is kept at 6 or above during a period from a point of time immediately after the addition of the dispersing agent to a point of time an electric conductivity of the filtrate drops below 2000 &mgr;S/cm but not lower than 500 Ats/cm by the desalting operation.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of metallic salts of fatty acids comprising the steps of: (a) reacting alkali hydroxide with a fatty acid in a saponification reaction to form an alkali soap; (b) reacting the alkali soap with an aqueous metallic salt solution in a double decomposition reaction to cause the production of metallic fatty acid salt; (c) performing at least one cycle of an alternating alkalinization-acidization reaction by adding an aqueous alkali hydroxide solution to the metallic fatty acid salt to raise the solution pH, followed by adding an acidic aqueous salt solution contain the same metal ions to lower the solution pH. High purity metallic salts of fatty acids can be obtained without a solvent washing step and the metallic fatty acid salts prepared from this invention can be effectively used as photolyzing agent to initiate and/or accelerate the photo-degradation of plastics.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is e.g. phosphate,R.sub.2 is e.g. phosphate or OH, andR.sub.4 is e.g. ##STR2## are suitable Calcium antagonists and useful e.g. for the treatment of cardio-vascular diseases.

Abstract: A continuous process for preparing a metallic soap by a double decomposition process is disclosed, in which an aqueous solution of an alkali soap and an inorganic metal salt are separately fed directly on the surface of the rotating impeller of a mixer to instantaneously mix them together and the resulting metallic soap aqueous slurry is discharged out from the mixer without delay. Metallic soaps free from contamination with unreacted starting materials or by-products can be continuously obtained using small-sized reactor vessels with a reduced energy.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for removing fatty acid metal soaps derived from metals with an atomic number from 27 to 29 from hydrogenated fatty products comprising separating solid metal precipitated under the influence of hydrogen at a pressure ranging between 0.05 and 10 MPa from the hydrogenated fatty products. Preferably the hydrogen pressure is between 0.2 and 5 MPa. Preferably the metal is nickel. It is recommended to effect the separation by filtration, using a filter comprising vertical pressure leaves. Also it is possible to treat the hydrogenated fatty product with hydrogen under a pressure between 0.05 and 10 MPa before separating the metal from the fatty product.