Abstract: A solid fatty acid alkyl ester sulfonate metal salt is disclosed having an endothermic peak area between 50° C. and 130° C. of 50% or more relative to the whole endothermic peak area between 0° C. and 130° C. when determined using a differential scanning calorimter. A method for producing a fatty acid alkyl ester sulfonate metal salt powder is also disclosed, including a step of pulverizing the solid fatty acid alkyl ester sulfonate metal salt in a pulverizer, with the internal temperature of the pulverizer being adjusted to 30° C. to 50° C.

Abstract: A surfactant represented by the formula: wherein: R1 is CH3(CH2)m and may be interrupted with at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of amine, ether, ester, amide, sulfur, sulfur monoxide, sulfer dioxide, sulfamate, hydroxy, or mixtures thereof; and m=6-16 n=0 or 1 R2=H or CH3; and R3=H, SO3X, CO(CH)2COOH, or COCH(SO3X)CH2COOX1; wherein X and X1 are the same or different, and each is selected from NH4+, an alkali metal, or an H atom.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include processing lipid feedstocks into various products. Embodiments of the invention include processing lipid feedstocks into various products. In an embodiment, the invention includes a method of processing a lipid feedstock comprising combining triglycerides from the lipid feedstock with water to form a first reaction mixture, contacting the first reaction mixture with a first metal oxide catalyst at a temperature of greater than 200 degrees Celsius to form a first product mixture including free fatty acids and glycerin, combining the free fatty acids with a diol to form a second reaction mixture, and contacting the second reaction mixture with a second metal oxide catalyst at a temperature of greater than 200 degrees Celsius to form a second product mixture. Other embodiments are also included herein.

Abstract: A solid fatty acid alkyl ester sulfonate metal salt is disclosed having an endothermic peak area between 50° C. and 130° C. of 50% or more relative to the whole endothermic peak area between 0° C. and 130° C. when determined using a differential scanning calorimeter, A method for producing a fatty acid alkyl ester sulfonate metal salt powder is also disclosed, including a step of pulverizing the solid fatty acid alkyl ester sulfonate metal salt in a pulverizer, with the internal temperature of the pulverizer being adjusted to 30° C. to 50° C.

Abstract: A process for producing powder, flakes, or pellets containing ?-sulfo fatty acid alkylester salt in high concentrations, the process including: (1) a step of preparing a paste containing ?-sulfo fatty acid alkylester salt; (2) a step of aging the thus obtained paste; (3) a step of making the aged paste into flakes or pellets containing equal to or less than 10 wt % of water and then optionally crushing the resulting flakes or pellets into a powder having an average particle diameter of 100-1500 ?m; and (4) a step of aging The powder, flakes, or pellets.

Abstract: A bromine/nitro moiety linked into the backbone of an ester or other compound over a wide range of occurrence rates provides antimicrobial, bio-resistant and fungal resistant properties for metal working fluids (MWF)s and other coatings. The moiety can be have the bromo and nitro groups linked to the same or different carbon atoms. The present invention also relates to urethanes, urea, amides, imides, carbonates, ethers, siloxanes, and many other types of linkages essential to MWF bases.

Abstract: By conducting a sulfonation step for bringing a fatty acid alkyl ester into contact with a sulfonating gas in the presence of a coloring inhibitor to sulfonate the fatty acid alkyl ester, an esterification step for esterifying the product of the sulfonation step with a lower alcohol, a neutralization step for neutralizing the esterified product of the esterification step to obtain a neutralized product, a bleaching step for bleaching the neutralized product to obtain a bleached product, and preferably an optional deodorization step for deodorizing the bleached product, the production process can be simplified and &agr;-sulfofatty acid alkyl ester salts which have a pale color close to white and preferably have less odor can be obtained.

Abstract: The invention concerns amphiphilic compounds of general formula (I) with at least two hydrophilic and at least two hydrophobic groups based on dicarboxylic acid diamides. The disclosed amphiphilic compounds mostly have a surfactant activity and are useful as emulsifiers, demulsifiers, detergents, dispersants, and hydrotropic agents for industry and household, for example in the fields of metal working, ore mining, surface finishing, washing and cleaning, cosmetics, medicine, foodstuff processing and preparation.

Abstract: A method of producing fatty acid polyglycol ester sulfates of the general formula (I): R1COO(AO)nSO3M  (I) is disclosed, wherein R1CO represents a linear or branched, aliphatic, saturated and/or unsaturated acyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, AO represents CH2CH2O, CHCH3CH2O and/or CH2CHCH3, n represents a number from about 0.5 to about 5 and M represents a cation. The disclosed process comprises the sulfation of fatty acid polyglycol esters followed by neutralization, wherein the neutralization is carried out at a pH of from about 5 to about 9.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a tenside mixture, wherein a starting mixture containing an alkali metal salt of an alkyl sulfonic acid is treated with a concentrated sulfuric acid solution in an amount in excess of the amount needed for converting the salts to organic acids with stirring and cooling such that the temperature of the mixture does not exceed about 35.degree. C., the reaction mixture being allowed to separate into two layers, one layer containing the organic acids, wherein the one layer containing the organic acids is separated and neutralized with di- or triethanolamine in order to prepare di- or triethanolamine salts of the said acids.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a new, improved class of anionic gemini surfactants consisting of two hydrophilic groups and two hydrophobic moieties joined by a bridge that possess improved surfactant functionalities yet may be characterized as mild for use in personal care products and environmentally benign. These compounds may be represented by the general structural formula as follows: ##STR1## wherein R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are selected from the group consisting of straight or branched chain C.sub.1 to C.sub.22 alkyl, aryl or hydrogen, and each R moiety can be the same or different; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are selected from the group comprising a straight or branched chain C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl with the further proviso that when either is a C.sub.6 it may exist as a cyclohexyl ring; R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are selected from the group consisting of straight or branched chain C.sub.2 to C.sub.6 alkyl or aryl with the further proviso that R.sub.6 and R.sub.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of flowable, anhydrous acyloxyalkanesulfonates and their useIn the process of the invention, in the context of the esterification of fatty acids with hydroxyalkanesulfonates, the reaction product (molten mass) at 180.degree. to 250.degree. C. is sheared in such a manner during the cooling to 150.degree. to 50.degree. C. that the mean particle size of the product is <100 .mu.m. The acyloxyalkanesulfonate product thus obtained is still highly flowable, pumpable and the like, even at temperatures in the range from 60.degree. to 100.degree. C. and be stored in the fluid state without change at these temperature even over a long period.

Abstract: Fatty acid esters of isethionate salts are made by reacting ethylene oxide and a bisulfite salt in an aqueous solution while maintaining the pH in the range of from about 5.5 to about 6.5 and while maintaining the temperature in the range of from 25.degree. C. to 85.degree. C. to form an isethionate salt. The isethionate salt is then esterified with a fatty acid to produce a product having little or no unwanted fatty acid esters of ethylene glycol.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of acyloxyalkanesulfonates having improved propertiesThe acyloxyalkanesulfonates are prepared according to the invention by esterification of branched fatty acids with hydroxyalkanesulfonates. Because of the specific fatty acid, the use of a consistency regulator is not required. Highly concentrated acyloxyalkanesulfonates are obtained which, as a further advantageous property, have good water solubility.

Abstract: An improved, no -bleach process for the production of sulfonated fatty acid alkyl ester surfactants containing sulfonated fatty acid alkyl esters and less than 10% of sulfonated fatty acid disalt, fatty acid salt (soap), and fatty acid alkyl ester impurities, said process comprising sulfonating fatty acid alkyl esters, reacting with a C.sub.1 to C.sub.8 alcohol, and continuously neutralizing with an alkoxide in a substantially anhydrous medium of a C.sub.1 to C.sub.

Abstract: There is disclosed a detergent composition containing, as an essential ingredient, at least one member selected from three types of .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid derivatives as represented by following formulas (1), (2) and (3): ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each an alkyl group or an alkenyl group, each having from 6 to 24 carbon atoms;R.sub.5 is an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms;M.sub.1, M.sub.2, M.sub.3 and M.sub.4 are each a hydrogen atom or a cation capable of forming a salt;AO is an oxyalkylene group or a polyvalent alcohol residue; andp, m and n are each a positive number.The detergent compositions are very low in irritability to the body and have a low critical micelle concentration and a low Krafft point. Further, they are highly soluble in water and they can be used in the form of powder or liquid.

Abstract: Fatty acid esters of isethionate salts are made by reacting ethylene oxide and a bisulfite salt, that may be made in situ, in aqueous ammonia while maintaining (1) the pH in the range of about 5.5 to about 6.5 and (2) the temperature in the range of 25.degree. C. to 85.degree. C. to form an isethionate salt. The isethionate salt is then esterified with a fatty acid to produce a product having little or no unwanted fatty acid esters of ethylene glycol.

Abstract: A process for producing ethoxylated ester surfactants in high yield has been discovered which employs no halogen-containing reactants or intermediates. Allyl alcohol is reacted with ethylene oxide to give an allyl alcohol ethoxylate; the ethoxylate in turn is reacted with a bisulfite salt (e.g. sodium metabisulfite) to give an ethylene glycol propanesulfonate or polyethylene glycol propanesulfonate in high yield. The propanesulfonate is then reacted with a fatty acid to give the ethoxylated ester surfactant.

Abstract: A process for improving the color and purity of dark-colored potassium or magnesium alkyl ester sulfonate surfactant compositions, and particularly alpha-sulfo fatty acid methyl ester compositions, without the need for bleaching or other process steps. The process comprises the steps of (1) forming a mixture comprising (i) an alkyl ester sulfonate surfactant composition containing impurities including dark-colored impurities, organic and inorganic salts, and disalts, and (ii) water, and (2) separating the ester sulfonate surfactant from the mixture. The process may further comprise step (3) recovering the alkyl ester sulfonate surfactant. Methyl ester sulfonate surfactant compositions are most preferred. After processing in accordance with the invention, the alkyl ester sulfonate surfactant composition has improved color, purity, and odor properties.

Abstract: The demands on the properties of pigments, in particular in the fields of emulsion paints and printing inks, which constantly become more specific have made it necessary to develop selective and environmentally friendly dispersing, emulsifying and coupling auxiliaries.The compounds according to the invention are esterification and/or arylation products prepared from natural or modified castor oil or ricinoleic acids, which products are alkoxylated and, if desired, linked by esterification with dicarboxylic acids to give recurring structural units. If desired, the terminal hydroxyl groups of these modified alkoxylates of castor oil fatty substances have been esterified with fatty acids, aromatic carboxylic acids and/or resin acids and any free hydroxyl groups which may be present have preferably been reacted with dicarboxylic acids and sulfite to give the corresponding monoesters containing anionic radicals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing improved color surfactant agglomerates, particularly comprising methyl ester sulfonates, for use in detergent compositions, said process comprising sulfonation of methyl ester, digestion of the sulfonation product, esterification of said sulfonated product to produce an acid product and agglomeration of said acid product, characterized in that said acid product is exposed to a solid bleaching agent immediately prior to or during agglomeration of said acid product.

Abstract: Light-colored ester sulfonates can be obtained by sulfonation of fatty acid lower alkyl esters and subsequent working up providing fatty acid esters having a low content of oxo compounds and unsaturated compounds are used in the sulfonation stage.

Abstract: In the production of light-colored pastes of .alpha.-sulfofatty acid alkyl ester alkali metal salts by reaction of fatty acid alkyl esters with gaseous SO.sub.3, subsequent after-reaction in liquid phase, neutralization with aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solutions and bleaching, effective bleaching can be obtained without any reduction in the washing-active substance content by addition of the hydrogen peroxide during neutralization of the .alpha.-sulfofatty acid alkyl ester and subjecting the neutralization product obtained to a temperature-controlled after-reaction.

Abstract: In the production of highly concentrated pastes of .alpha.-sulfofatty acid alkyl ester alkali metal salts by reaction of fatty acid alkyl esters with gaseous SO.sub.3, subsequent after-reaction in liquid phase and neutralization with aqueous alkali hydroxide solutions, the sulfonation product and aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution are introduced during neutralization into an aqueous phase initially containing 0 to 55% by weight washing-active substance at a pH value in the range from 2 to 8 and washing-active substance contents of 60 to 70% by weight are established.

Abstract: In the production of highly concentrated pastes of .alpha.-sulfofatty acid alkyl ester alkali metal salts by reaction of fatty acid alkyl esters with gaseous SO.sub.3, subsequent after-reaction in liquid phase and neutralization with aqueous alkali hydroxide solutions, the sulfonation product and aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution are introduced during neutralization into an aqueous phase initially containing at least 55% by weight washing-active substance at a pH value in the range from 2 to 8 and washing-active substance contents of 60 to 70% by weight are established.

Abstract: The invention relates to fatty acid monoglyceride polyglycol ether sulfosuccinates of the general formula ##STR1## where R represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkylene group having from 7 to 21 carbon atoms;R.sup.1 represents H or CO--R;R.sup.2 may represent, independently of each other, H or the group --CO--CH(SO.sub.3.sup.- M.sup.+)--CH.sub.2 --COO.sup.- M.sup.+ ;A represents the same or different and each is an alkylene group having from 2 to 3 carbon atoms;a,b,c,d may be the same or different, from 0 to 5,e being from 1 to 3,f is a multiplication product of c times e, and a+b+f+d is from 2 to 25; andM.sup.+ represents an alkali-metal ion or an ammonium ion, and to their preparation and use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to personal product compositions selected from the group consisting of soap bar compositions, facial or body cleansing compositions, shampoo compositions, conditioner compositions, cosmetic compositions, dental compositions, and underarm deodorant/anti-perspirant compositions comprising specific alkyl sulfooxy alkanoate surfactant compounds. A portion of the alkyl sulfooxy alkanoate surfactants contains a "benefit reagent" which forms when the molecule is metabolized by enzymes on the body or elsewhere or which forms when the surfactant spontaneously hydrolyses on the skin surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of concentrated mono- and/or disalt dispersions of .alpha.-sulfofatty acids by sulfonation of saturated fatty acids and/or fatty acid mixtures with sulfur trioxide, surfactants being added during the neutralization stage to improve the flowability of the dispersions.

Abstract: Process for the production of aqueous solutions of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and/or amine salts of sulfonated fatty acid glycerides by sulfonation of unsaturated fatty acid glycerol esters with gaseous sulfur trioxide, neutralization with aqueous bases and subsequent heating with phase separation, and to the aqueous solutions produced thereby.

Abstract: Silica-aluminas having a sodium content less than about 0.1 weight percent show increased stability when used as a catalyst for the alkylation of aromatic compounds. Where such silica-aluminas are used as the catalyst in detergent alkylation their increased stability permits continuous alkylation to be performed at lower temperatures, as a result of which the detergent alkylate product shows an incrementally higher linearity. Fluorided silica-aluminas having a sodium content of under 0.05 weight percent are particularly advantageous.

Abstract: The use of alkali, ammonium, and/or amine salts of monocarboxylic acid polyoxyalkylester sulfonic acids as low foam surface active agents in aqueous alkaline conditioners for textile fabrics or yarns is described.

Abstract: Disclosed are citric acid fatty alcohol ester polyglycol ether sulfosuccinates of the general formula (1) ##STR1## and personal care products containing them, in which each R is the same or different and is H or -CH.sub.3 ; ##STR2## R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of ##STR3## acyl radicals having 8-22 carbon atoms, which radicals are optionally substituted and optionally contain one or more multiple bonds;R.sup.3 is an alkyl or acyl radical having 8-22 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted and optionally contains multiple bonds;a and b, which are identical or different, are each 0-5, provided that the sum of (a+b) is at least 1;c is 0-15; andX.sup.+ is in each occurrence H.sup.+ or a cation.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing alkanoyloxyacetyloxybenzenesulfonate salts in which phenyl esters of alkanoyloxyacetic acids (alkanoyloxyacetyloxybenzenes) are sulfonated to yield novel alkanoyloxyacetyloxybenzenesulfonic acids which, on neutralization, yield the corresponding alkanoyloxyacetyloxybenzenesulfonate salts.