Abstract: Provided is a process for separating an organic isocyanate prepared by reacting an organic amine with a stoichiometric excess of phosgene in the gas phase from the gaseous crude product obtained in the reaction, the process comprising the steps of (i) at least partially condensing the crude product stream containing at least the isocyanate, hydrogen chloride and unconverted phosgene by contacting with at least one liquid stream containing at least one quench liquid in a first separation apparatus to obtain a liquid stream containing at least some of the quench liquid and some of the isocyanate and a gas stream containing at least hydrogen chloride, evaporated quench liquid and phosgene, (ii) discharging the liquid stream obtained in step (i) via a first liquid outlet and of the gas stream obtained in (i) via a first gas conduit and (iii) at least partially condensing and/or absorbing the gas stream discharged in step (ii) through the first gas conduit, wherein that the at least partial condensation and/or abs

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing an aromatic polyisocyanate in an isocyanate plant comprising a reaction section for a phosgenation reaction, wherein a primary aromatic amine is reacted with phosgene compounds in a reaction section to obtain an isocyanate comprising reaction product and wherein CO2 concentration in the gases coming from the reaction section is measured and analyzed, and wherein the conditions in the phosgenation reaction are adjusted in case the CO2 concentration in the gases coming from the reaction section is higher than a background CO2 concentration.

Abstract: The present invention related to a method of manufacturing a polycarbonate including the process of copolymerizing epoxide compound and CO2 using cobalt(III) or chromium(III), where the ligands contains at least 3 ammonium cations, central metal has formal ?1 charge, and conjugated anions of the two cationic ammonium groups are acid-base homoconjugation, as catalyst. According to the present invention, the initial induction time can be reduced when the said polycarbonate is manufactured and it is possible to improve the activity of the catalyst and the molecular weight of the obtained polymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides triterpenoids produced from natural compounds such as oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, betulinic acid, and hederagenin.

Abstract: A method of reacting amine compounds with halons and perhalogenated compounds, resulting in the conversion of these ozone-depleting species into non-volatile salts and a variety of other amine derivatives is disclosed.

Abstract: Anti-cancer compositions and methods are described herein. In particular, compositions including one or more of leelamine, a leelamine derivative, abietylamine, an abietylamine derivative, and an abietic acid derivative are described. Methods for treatment of pathological conditions particularly cancer, in a subject using one or more of leelamine, a leelamine derivative, abietylamine, an abietylamine derivative, and an abietic acid derivative are described herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of the general Formula (I), comprising: a) reacting a compound of the general Formula (II) with a compound of the Formula III R2COOH and a compound of the general Formula IV R3NC under such conditions that compound I is formed, wherein R1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aromatic or non-aromatic, mono-, di- or tricyclic, or heterocyclic structure, and R2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aromatic or non-aromatic, mono-, di- or tricyclic, or heterocyclic structure, and R3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl structure. In further aspect the subject invention relates to the use of the the obtained products as intermediates for various peptidomimetics, and preferably as a building block in a convergent synthesis of prolyl dipeptide structures.

Abstract: Provided is a novel polymerizable azomethine compound which has a high ?n and is colorless. The compound is represented by the formula (I). P1 and P2 each are a polymerizable group; m1 and m2 each are an integer of from 1 to 10; R1 and R2 each are an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an acyloxy group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an acyl group having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, an amide group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, a cyano group or a halogen atom; n1 and n2 each are an integer of from 0 to 4; R3 is a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; Z1 and L1 each are a predetermined divalent group; n is 0, 1 or 2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of isocyanates in a system network comprising an isocyanate production plant, a chlorine production plant and a phosgene production plant, in which carbon dioxide formed as a by-product is partially to completely condensed out with the gaseous chlorine formed in the chlorine production plant and enters into the phosgene preparation process and, after the preparation of phosgene, the predominant part of the carbon dioxide formed is thereby sluiced out of the system network in gaseous form.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new synthetic methods for preparing 2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile and metal isonitrile complexes, such as tetrakis(2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile)copper(I) tetrafluoroborate, which are used in the preparation of technetium (99mTc) Sestamibi, and novel intermediate compounds useful in such methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of the general Formula (I), comprising: a) reacting a compound of the general Formula (II) with a compound of the Formula III R2COOH and a compound of the general Formula IV R3NC under such conditions that compound I is formed, wherein R1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aromatic or non-aromatic, mono-, di- or tricyclic, or heterocyclic structure, and R2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aromatic or non-aromatic, mono-, di- or tricyclic, or heterocyclic structure, and R3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl structure. In further aspect the subject invention relates to the use of the obtained products as intermediates for various peptidomimetics, and preferably as a building block in a convergent synthesis of prolyl dipeptide structures.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel O-dialkylamino-isoureas and polymerizable compositions comprising these O-dialkylamino-isoureas of compounds of the general formula (I). The invention further relates to the use of O-dialkylamino-isoureas as polymerization initiators, especially to prepare coatings or for controlled degradation of polyolefins.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isonitrile compounds, methods of synthesis, and uses in a variety of fields. In one aspect, the present invention includes sulfinyl methyl isonitriles and methods for their preparation. In another aspect, the present invention includes the use of sulfinyl methyl isonitriles to prepare various other isonitrile compounds and derivatives thereof. In yet another aspect, the present invention includes a relatively simple and routine synthesis of sulfinyl methyl isonitrile compounds, other isonitrile compounds and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compounds with ester linkage(s) capped with either electron deficient olefinic linkage(s) or group(s) or reactive functional groups (termed herein as “active methylene reagents”), and curable compositions prepared therefrom.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of isocyanates in a system network comprising an isocyanate production plant, a chlorine production plant and a phosgene production plant, in which carbon dioxide formed as a by-product is partially to completely condensed out with the gaseous chlorine formed in the chlorine production plant and enters into the phosgene preparation process and, after the preparation of phosgene, the predominant part of the carbon dioxide formed is thereby sluiced out of the system network in gaseous form.

Abstract: A coating agent for hand painting application obtained by a urethane resin composition obtained by allowing a main agent (A) and a curing agent (B) to react. The main agent (A) containing: an isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer (b) having diphenylmethane diisocyanate bound to the termini of a polyol component (a) containing a long chain polyol (e) which contains at least a polyhydroxy functional product such as a trihydroxy or higher-hydroxy functional product and having a molecular weight of 200 or greater; and unbound diphenylmethane diisocyanate(c). The curing agent (B) containing: a crosslinking agent (g) obtained by a short chain polyol (f) having a molecular weight of less than 200; and a long chain polyol (h) having a molecular weight of 200 or greater.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of the general Formula (I), comprising: a) reacting a compound of the general Formula (II) with a compound of the Formula III R2COOH and a compound of the general Formula IV R3NC under such conditions that compound I is formed, wherein R1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aromatic or non-aromatic, mono-, di- or tricyclic, or heterocyclic structure, and R2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aromatic or non-aromatic, mono-, di- or tricyclic, or heterocyclic structure, and R3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl structure. In further aspect the subject invention relates to the use of the obtained products as intermediates for various peptidomimetics, and preferably as a building block in a convergent synthesis of prolyl dipeptide structures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isonitrile compounds, methods of synthesis, and uses in a variety of fields. In one aspect, the present invention includes sulfinyl methyl isonitriles and methods for their preparation. In another aspect, the present invention includes the use of sulfinyl methyl isonitriles to prepare various other isonitrile compounds and derivatives thereof. In yet another aspect, the present invention includes a relatively simple and routine synthesis of sulfinyl methyl isonitrile compounds, other isonitrile compounds and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isonitrile compounds, methods of synthesis, and uses in a variety of fields. In one aspect, the present invention includes sulfinyl methyl isonitriles and methods for their preparation. In another aspect, the present invention includes the use of sulfinyl methyl isonitriles to prepare various other isonitrile compounds and derivatives thereof. In yet another aspect, the present invention includes a relatively simple and routine synthesis of sulfinyl methyl isonitrile compounds, other isonitrile compounds and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isonitrile compounds, methods of synthesis, and uses in a variety of fields. In one aspect, the present invention includes sulfinyl methyl isonitriles and methods for their preparation. In another aspect, the present invention includes the use of sulfinyl methyl isonitriles to prepare various other isonitrile compounds and derivatives thereof. In yet another aspect, the present invention includes a relatively simple and routine synthesis of sulfinyl methyl isonitrile compounds, other isonitrile compounds and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: Described are N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of the formula I, where n is 0 or 1, M is a metal atom containing group, R1 is selected from hydrogen alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl and hetaryl, R2 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl and hetaryl, wherein R1 and R2 do not both stand for hydrogen. Furthermore, also described are methods for their preparation and their use as catalysts employed in a C—C, C—O, C—N or C—H bond formation reaction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 2,5-di-substituted-4-naphthyloxy-substituted-phenyl-amidine derivatives of formula (I) wherein the substituents are as in the description, their process of preparation, their use as fungicide or insecticide active agents, particularly in the form of fungicide or insecticide compositions, and methods for the control of phytopathogenic fungi or damaging insects, notably of plants, using these compounds or compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to chelation compounds, radionuclide metal chelate compounds, i.e., complexes, and radiolabeled targeting moieties, i.e., conjugates, formed therefrom, and methods of using these compounds, complexes and conjugates for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. This invention is more particularly related to aryl bidentate isonitrile metal complexes generated by a chemical interaction of a metal salt oxide or weak complex of the metal with aryl isonitrile bidentate ligands.

Abstract: Disclosed are a composition for inhibiting a proliferation of sulphate reducing bacteria comprising at least one of 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, irgasan, benzyl-2-bromoacetate, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, and 2-bromo-2-nitropropan-1,3-diol as effective ingredients; a method for inhibiting the proliferation of sulphate reducing bacteria comprising the step of including a sufficient amount for inhibiting the proliferation of sulphate reducing bacteria of at least one of 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, irgasan, benzyl-2-bromoacetate, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, and 2-bromo-2-nitropropan-1,3-diol in a corrosion sensitive material or degradation sensitive material; a sheet comprising the composition; and a steel plate to which the composition is applied.

Abstract: There are disclosed high yield and high productivity processes for preparing 3-hydroxyglutaronitrile by reacting allyl cyanide epoxide with a basic aqueous solution of a cyanide source.

Abstract: Disclosed are a process suited to large scale synthesis with high yield for producing oseltamivir phosphate, in which a preparation of oseltamivir phosphate which is highly safe as a pharmaceutical product can be produced, and an intermediate compound for producing oseltamivir phosphate. In this production process, an intermediate compound represented by general formula (V) is synthesized by employing Michael reaction/Michael reaction/Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction, and oseltamivir phosphate is produced by converting the substituent groups in this intermediate compound.

Abstract: A ligand of Formula (I) is provided: wherein A4 represents a hydrogen atom, a nitro group, an amino group, a thiocyanato group, or —Z—Y, in which Z is a divalent linking group and Y is a group derived from a biocompatible molecule, with the proviso that when X is methylene, A4 cannot be a hydrogen atom or a nitro group. A metal complex having the ligand is also provided and is useful as a blood pool contrast agent or a targeting contrast agent.

Abstract: A method for producing a conjugated aromatic compound comprising reacting an aromatic compound (A) wherein one or two leaving groups are bonded to an aromatic ring with an aromatic compound (A) having the same structure as that of the above-mentioned aromatic compound (A) or an aromatic compound (B) being structurally different from the above-mentioned aromatic compound (A) and having one or two leaving groups bonded to an aromatic ring, in the presence of a nickel compound, a ligand, a manganese salt and a metal reducing agent.

Abstract: The present invention discloses polyurethane dispersions based on aliphatic isocyanates which form hard coatings wherein the coatings also have good solvent resistant properties. The enhanced properties of the coatings are achieved by including from 1 to 8 weight percent of a high functional polyol in the polyol formulation for producing the dispersions.

Abstract: The present invention provides new intermediate compounds enabling the preparation of N-meso substituted cyanine, merocyanine or oxonole dyes wherein the N-meso substituent comprises electron withdrawing groups and wherein such N-meso substituents are introduced at the intermediate level. These intermediates enable the formation of dyes having in the meso-position N-substituents comprising electron withdrawing groups without the need for further derivatization of the meso-substituent at the dye level.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compounds with ester linkage(s) capped with either electron deficient olefinic linkage(s) or group(s) or reactive functional groups (termed herein as “active methylene reagents”), and curable compositions prepared therefrom.

Abstract: Provided are a complex prepared from ammonium salt-containing ligands and having such an equilibrium structural formula that the metal center takes a negative charge of 2 or higher, and a method for preparing polycarbonate via copolymerization of an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide using the complex as a catalyst. When the complex is used as a catalyst for copolymerizing an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide, it shows high activity and high selectivity and provides high-molecular weight polycarbonate, and thus easily applicable to commercial processes. In addition, after forming polycarbonate via carbon dioxide/epoxide copolymerization using the complex as a catalyst, the catalyst may be separately recovered from the copolymer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing an amino nitrile mixture comprising aminoacetonitrile (AAN) and from 5 to 70% by weight of iminodiacetonitrile (IDAN), which comprises heating crude AAN which is largely free of formaldehyde cyanohydrin (FACH-free) at a temperature of from 50 to 150° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new synthetic methods for preparing 2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile and metal isonitrile complexes, such as tetrakis(2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile)copper(I) tetrafluoroborate, which are used in the preparation of technetium (99mTc) Sestamibi, and novel intermediate compounds useful in such methods.

Abstract: A polymerizable composition comprising a bifunctional (meth)acrylate compound represented by the following general formula (1) and a monofunctional (meth)acrylate compound represented by the general formula (2): R1 and R2 each=a hydrogen atom, methyl group, or halogen atom; A1, A2, A3 each=a benzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexene, naphthalene, decahydronaphthalene, tetrahydronaphthalene, or phenanthrene ring; rings may be substituted with 1-8 carbon atom alkyl group, 1-8 carbon atom alkoxy group, a halogen atom, or a cyano group; at least one of A1, A2, and A3 comprises a substituent; —CH? may be replaced by —N?, and —CH2— may be replaced by —S— or —O—: L1, L2, L3 each=a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —(CH2)p—, —CH?CH—, —(CH2)qO—, —CH?CHCH2O—, —CH?C—, —(CH2)2COO—, or —CF?CF—; n=integer 0-3; and, when n?2, L3 and A3 may be the same or different; p and q each=an integer 1-8:

Abstract: The present invention relates to new synthetic methods for preparing 2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile and metal isonitrile complexes, such as tetrakis(2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile)copper(I) tetrafluroroborate, which are used in the preparation of technetium (99mTc) Sestamibi, and novel intermediate compounds useful in such methods.

Abstract: A method for preparing an isothiocyanate product from a cruciferous plant material is disclosed which is capable of stably preparing an isothiocyanate product in a sufficient amount in a high yield by subjecting a natural cruciferous plant material such as wasabi, horseradish, watercress or the like as a starting material to sufficient enzymatic reaction and, in particular, which is capable of stably preparing an isothiocyanate product containing no pungent ingredient in a sufficient amount in a high yield from a natural cruciferous plant material. A cruciferous plant material consisting of pulverized wasabi and/or horseradish was maintained at a temperature of ?3° C. to 50°0 C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for synthesis of aliphatic isocyanates from aromatic isocyanates in substantially 3 stages. In particular, the invention relates to a method for synthesis of bis{4-isocyanatocyclohexyl}methane (H12MDI) from bis{4-isocyanatophenyl}methane (MDI). More especially, the invention relates to a method for synthesis of H12MDI with a trans-trans isomer content of <30%, preferably of <20%, particularly preferably of 5 to 15%.

Abstract: In a method for separating isophthalonitrile from a gas produced by causing m-xylene to react with ammonia and oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst, the gas is brought into contact with an organic solvent having a boiling point lower than that of isophthalonitrile; a liquid in which isophthalonitrile is trapped in a trapping step is distilled, to thereby recover isophthalonitrile and the organic solvent from the top of the column and separate at the bottom of the column impurities having boiling points higher than that of isophthalonitrile; and the organic solvent is recovered from the top of the rectification column and liquefied isophthalonitrile of high purity is recovered at the bottom of the column.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds, and methods of making the same, represented by Structural Formula II, IX or XXVII: The compounds can be used to prepare combinatorial libraries based on a multicomponent Ugi reaction.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds represented by Structural Formula II, IX or XXVIII: 1

Abstract: para-Aminomethylaryl carboxamides of Formula I are antagonists of VLA-4 and/or &agr;4&bgr;7, and as such are useful in the inhibition or prevention of cell adhesion and cell-adhesion mediated pathologies. These compounds may be formulated into pharmaceutical compositions and are suitable for use in the treatment of asthma, allergies, inflammation, multiple sclerosis, and other inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.

Abstract: The present invention provides generally a compound having the following general formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently the same or different and are hydrogen, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a benzyl group, an alkynyl group, an alkoxyl group, an aryloxy group, an acyloxy group, a OC(O)OR.sup.d group, a carbamoyloxy group, a halogen, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, an azido group, a formyl group, a hydrazino group, an acyl group, an amino group, --SR.sup.c, wherein, R.sup.c is hydrogen, an acyl group, an alkyl group, or an aryl group, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form a group of the formula --O(CH.sub.2).sub.n O-- wherein n represents the integer 1 or 2; R.sup.3 is H, F, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, or a cyano id group; or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together form a group of the formula --O(CH.sub.2).sub.n O-- wherein n represents the integer 1 or 2; R.sup.4 is H, F, a C.sub.1-3 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-3 alkenyl group, a C.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dendritic, nitrogen-containing organic compounds containing at least 4 planar-chiral or axial-chiral groups, where these planar-chiral or axial-chiral groups are linked as Schiff's bases to the primary amino groups of compounds of the formula (I)(R.sup.1 R.sup.1)N--X--N(R.sup.1 R.sup.1) (I)whereR.sup.1 is (R.sup.2 R.sup.2)N--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 -- or (R.sup.2 R.sup.2)N--(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --,R.sup.2 is hydrogen or (R.sup.3 R.sup.3)N--CH.sub.2).sub.2 -- or (R.sup.3 R.sup.3)N--(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --,R.sup.3 is hydrogen or (R.sup.4 R.sup.4)N--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 -- or (R.sup.4 R.sup.4)N--(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --,R.sup.4 is hydrogen or (R.sup.5 R.sup.5)--N--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 -- or (R.sup.5 R.sup.5)N--(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --,R.sup.5 is hydrogen or (R.sup.6 R.sup.6)N--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 -- or (R.sup.6 R.sup.6)N--(CH.sub.2).sub.3 -- andR.sup.6 is hydrogen,X is an aliphatic and/or aromatic group, which may contain heteroatoms,which are suitable as catalysts for asymmetrical homogeneous catalysis.

Abstract: The present invention comprises analogs of the CAAX motif of the protein Ras that is modified by farnesylation in vivo. These CAAX analogs inhibit the farnesylation of Ras. Furthermore, these CAAX analogues differ from those previously described as inhibitors of Ras farnesyl transferase in that they do not have a thiol moiety. The lack of the thiol offers unique advantages in terms of improved pharmacokinetic behavior in animals, prevention of thiol-dependent chemical reactions, such as rapid autoxidation and disulfide formation with endogenous thiols, and reduced systemic toxicity. Further contained in this invention are chemotherapeutic compositions containing these farnesyl transferase inhibitors and methods for their production.

Abstract: Novel imino ether compounds, processes for their production and methods for their use are provided. These novel imino ether compounds are particularly useful as light stabilizers for polymeric compositions, particularly for lacquer coating compositions.

Abstract: Imine dyes useful in photographic materials have the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, E.sup.1, E.sup.2, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3,D and m are defined as in the specification.Solid particle dispersions of dyes of formula (I) that contain at least one base-ionizable functional group such as carboxy, sulfonamido, or sulfamoyl are useful as filter dyes in photographic elements.

Abstract: Aminomethylene compounds of the formula ##STR1## can be prepared by reaction of C-H-acid compounds of the formula ##STR2## with salts of the formula ##STR3## in the presence of simple inorganic bases, where the radicals R.sup.1 to R.sup.4, R.sup.7, R.sup.8 and X.sup..crclbar. have the meanings given in the description.

Abstract: Hydrazide functionalized benzotrialzole and oxanilide ultraviolet absorbers (Formulas I and II) useful for stabilizing coreactive or inert polymeric compositions and novel intermediates (Formula III used to make certain types of compounds of Formula I) are disclosed and have the general formulas: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, X, Y, all substituents thereof, and n are set forth in the Summary of the Invention.

Abstract: A xanthocillin X monomethyl ether derivative represented by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkyl group substituted with a pyridyl group or a halogen atom, an aralkyl group substituted with an alkyl group or a halogen atom, or an aroyl group, which exerts an intense effect of inhibiting the proliferation of a tumor, in particular, a solid tumor.