Abstract: A photoacid generator compound has the formula (I): [A-(CHR1)p]k-(L)-(CH2)m—(C(R2)2)n—SO3?Z+??(I) wherein A is a substituted or unsubstituted, monocyclic, polycyclic, or fused polycyclic C5 or greater cycloaliphatic group optionally comprising O, S, N, F, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, R1 is H, a single bond, or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-30 alkyl group, wherein when R1 is a single bond, R1 is covalently bonded to a carbon atom of A, each R2 is independently H, F, or C1-4 fluoroalkyl, wherein at least one R2 is not hydrogen, L is a linking group comprising a sulfonate group, a sulfonamide group, or a C1-30 sulfonate or sulfonamide-containing group, Z is an organic or inorganic cation, p is an integer of 0 to 10,k is 1 or 2, m is an integer of 0 or greater, and n is an integer of 1 or greater.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for making a mono-lithium salt of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid (LiSIPA) having less than 500 ppm sulfate. The process uses a reaction mixture of water, a lithium cation producing compound, and 5-sulfoisophthalic acid. The reaction mixture is heated to reflux, cooled, filtered and washed with acetic acid to obtain a high quality LiSIPA having less than 500 ppm sulfate. Also disclosed is a high quality, non-purified reaction product containing a mono-lithium salt of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid and having less than 500 ppm sulfate.

Abstract: The specification relates to compounds and process for the preparation of a compound of formula 7, where LG is a leaving group and hal is a halide and is Cl, Br or I. The compound of formula 7 can be useful in the preparation of natural products, such as halichondrin and its derivatives.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved radiosynthesis of [18F]fluoromethyl bromide, whereby the distillation step has been improved to remove higher amounts of the dibromomethane radiolabeling precursor.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for making a mono-lithium salt of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid (LiSIPA) having less than 500 ppm sulfate. The process uses a reaction mixture of water, a lithium cation producing compound, and 5-sulfoisophthalic acid. The reaction mixture is heated to reflux, cooled, filtered and washed with acetic acid to obtain a high quality LiSIPA having less than 500 ppm sulfate. Also disclosed is a high quality, non-purified reaction product containing a mono-lithium salt of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid and having less than 500 ppm sulfate.

Abstract: There are disclosed sulfonic acid precursor compositions, as are methods of using these compositions in, for example, photolithography. Other embodiments are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel processes for the production of F-18 labeled radiotracers for Positron Emission Tomography (PET). The invention also comprises radiopharmaceutical kits using these processes.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for obtaining the intermediate (II), useful for manufacturing Valsartan and a drug directed to a treatment of arterial hypertension or heart failure. The process comprises a) Imination of the aldehyde group of a compound (VII) by L-Valine (IV) salts with organic or inorganic bases and a polar solvent or water, where X means halogen or an —OSO2R group, where R is CF3, tolyl, methyl or F; to give an imine-type compound (VIII), where B+ is the protonated form of an organic base or an alkaline cation; b) Reduction of the imine group of the compound (VIII) followed by acidification, to give the compound (VI); and c) N-Acylation of the compound (VI) with valeryl chloride to give the compound (II). Steps a) and b) can be performed in a “one pot” reaction.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of aromatic derivatives of 1-adamantane (tricyclo[3.3.1.1 (3,7)]decane), or an acceptable pharmaceutical salt thereof, based on a hydrolysis reaction of a precursor cyano compound. It also comprises different processes for obtaining the cyano compound. It is especially useful for obtaining Adapalene on an industrial scale in high yield and purity. It also comprises new intermediates useful in said preparation process.

Abstract: Methods of making a fluorinated sulfonate ester include combining a perfluoroalkanesulfonyl halide and a fluorinated alcohol in water in the presence of hydroxide ion, and recovering at least a portion of the resultant fluorinated sulfonate ester.

Abstract: Novel preparative methods for fluoroalkyl arylsulfinyl compounds are disclosed. Fluorinated compounds as useful fluorinated compounds, intermediates, or building blocks are disclosed. Useful applications of the fluoroalkyl arylsulfinyl compounds are shown.

Abstract: Methods of making a fluorinated sulfonate ester include combining a perfluoroalkanesulfonyl halide and a fluorinated alcohol in water in the presence of hydroxide ion, and recovering at least a portion of the resultant fluorinated sulfonate ester.

Abstract: Peroxidic perfluoropolyethers having formula: X1—O(CF2O)n1(CF2CF2O)m1(CF2(CF2)zCF2O)p1(O)h—X2??(I) wherein: X1 and X2, equal to or different from each other, are chain end groups selected among —CF2COF, —COF, —SO2F; n1, m1, p1 and h are integers such that the number average molecular weight is in the range 700-100,000; z=1 or 2; with the proviso that: the m1/n1 ratio is between 0.2 and 10; the p1/(n1+m1) ratio is lower than 0.05; the h/(n1+m1+p1) ratio is such that the PO content, defined as grams of active oxygen/100 g of compound, is in the range 0.8-4.5, preferably 1.4-3.8; the perfluorooxyalkylene units being statistically distributed along the polymeric chain.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid esters and for further transforming the same into the salts thereof. The invention also relates to the use of the produced compounds in electrolytes, batteries, capacitors, supercapacitors, and galvanic cells.

Abstract: Sulfonate salts have the formula: R1SO3—CH(Rf)—CF2SO3?M+ wherein R1 is alkyl or aryl, Rf is H or trifluoromethyl, and M+ is a Li, Na, K, ammonium or tetramethylammonium ion. Onium salts, oximesulfonates and sulfonyloxyimides and other compounds derived from these sulfonate salts are effective photoacid generators in chemically amplified resist compositions.

Abstract: (Per)haloethers having formula: X-(Rf)L-O—CF2CF2—O—CX1X2—CFX3X4 , ??(I) process for obtaining them and hypofluorites usable in the synthesis of said (per)haloethers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid esters and to the further conversion thereof into salts, and to the use of the resultant compounds in electrolytes and in batteries, capacitors, supercapacitors and electrochemical cells.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to optionally substituted halogenated benzyl halides and the like. These compounds are useful as halogenated benzyl ether-based protecting groups for a variety of functional groups. Another aspect of the present invention relates to use of said protecting groups in an orthogonal protecting group strategy for the synthesis of complex molecules that comprise a number of suitable functional groups. Another aspect of the present invention relates to saccharides bearing various arrays of protecting groups of the present invention. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of synthesizing an oligosaccharide or glycoconjugate, comprising the steps of: using a saccharide bearing at least one protecting group of the present invention to glycosylate a second molecule to give a product comprising said saccharide; and removing a protecting group of the present invention from said product.

Abstract: A novel aminium compound exhibiting excellent solubility for solvents and high safety in terms of handling and environment is provided. An aminium compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 represents substituted or unsubstituted alkyl and A2− represents a divalent organic anion.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I or salts thereof, in whichX is oxygen, --O--NR.sup.2 -- or --SO.sub.2 --NR.sup.2 --, and Y is N or CH,R.sup.1 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkenyl or (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkynyl, which are in each case optionally substituted, or, in the case where X=oxygen, also (subst.) phenyl,R.sup.2 is H, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkenyl or -alkynyl or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)cycloalkyl,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are H, (subst.) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl or (subst.) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy or halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkylthio, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkylamino or di[(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl]-amino,R.sup.5 is H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl and R.sup.6 is hydrogen,may be prepared by reacting compounds of the formula II,R.sup.1 --X--R.sup.7 (II)with compounds of the formulae III, IV and VR.sup.8 --OCN (III)SO.sub.2 Cl.sub.2 (IV) ##STR1## where R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are H, a quarternary ammonium ion or one equivalent of a metal cation.

Abstract: Processes for preparing sulfonylureas Compounds of the formula I or salts thereof, ##STR1## in which X is oxygen, --O--NR.sup.2 -- or --SO.sub.2 --NR.sup.2 --, and Y is N or CH,R.sup.1 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkenyl or (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkynyl, which are in each case optionally substituted, or, in the case where X=oxygen, also (subst.) phenyl,R.sup.2 is H, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkenyl or -alkynyl or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)cycloalkyl,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are H, (subst.) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl or (subst.) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy or halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkylthio, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkylamino or di?(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl!-amino,R.sup.5 is H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl and R.sup.6 is hydrogen,may be prepared by reacting compounds of the formula II,R.sup.1 --X--R.sup.7 (II)with compounds of the formulae III, IV and VR.sup.8 --OCN (III)SO.sub.2 Cl.sub.2 (IV) ##STR2## where R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are H, a quarternary ammonium ion or one equivalent of a metal cation.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel sulfamate compounds containing N-substituted carbomoyl group including their racemates and (R)- and (S)-optical isomers represented by Formulas I, II and III, pharmaceutically useful for the prophylaxis and treatment of the disorders of the central nervous system, especially for nervous myalgia, epilepsy and minimal brain dysfunction: ##STR1## (III).

Abstract: Nitrogen mustard pro-drugs of the formula ##STR1## are disclosed where R is the residue of an .alpha.-amino acid RNH.sub.2 and M is a disubstituted amino "mustard" group, useful in antibody directed enzyme pro-drug therapy in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: Diphenylcyclopropyl analogs in which one or more of the phenyl rings includes alkoxy substituents including a dialkylaminoalkoxy group, an unsubstituted piperazine alkoxy group, a substituted piperazine alkoxy group, an unsubstituted piperidine alkoxy group, and a substituted piperidine alkoxy group, and which may have one or two alkyl groups bonded to the cyclopropane. The compounds are useful as antiestrogens and anti-tumor agents.

Abstract: Novel pesticidal sulfamide derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which X is halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -halogenoalkyl,R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -halogenoalkyl,R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, andR.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonylmethyl.

Abstract: A hydrazone compound of the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X is halogen; R.sup.1 is hydrogen, optionally substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or optionally substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy; R.sup.2 's are independently hydrogen or fluorine; R.sup.3 is a group of the general formula: CH.sub.2 R.sup.4 wherein R.sup.4 is cyano or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy; or R.sup.3 is a group of the general formula: SR.sup.5 wherein R.sup.5 is optionally substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 alkyl; optionally substituted phenyl, or the like, has excellent insecticidal activity and rather low toxicity to mammals. The hydrazone compound is useful as an active ingredient of insecticides for controlling harmful insects.

Abstract: Disclosed are contrast agents of the formula ##STR1## contained in aqueous compositions and methods for their use in diagnostic radiology of the gastrointestinal tract wherein ##STR2## Z=H, halo, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, cycloalkyl, lower alkoxy, cyano, where the alkyl and cycloalkyl groups can be substituted with halogen or halo-lower-alkyl groups;R=C.sub.1 -C.sub.25 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or halo-lower-alkyl, optionally substituted with halo, fluoro-lower-alkyl, lower-alkoxy, hydroxy, carboxy or lower-alkoxy carbonyl, lower-alkenyl, lower-alkynyl, lower-alkylene, lower-alkoxy-carbonyloxy;n=1-5;y=0-4; andw=1-4in an aqueous pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: Disclosed are x-ray contrast compositions for oral or retrograde examination of the gastrointestinal tract comprising a polymeric material capable of forming a coating on the gastrointestinal tract and an x-ray producing agent of the formula ##STR1## and methods for their use in diagnostic radiology of the gastrointestinal tract whereinX= ##STR2## Z=H, halo, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, cycloalkyl, lower alkoxy, cyano, where the alkyl and cycloalkyl groups can be substituted with halogen or halo-lower-alkyl groups;R=C.sub.1 -C.sub.25 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or halo-lower-alkyl, optionally substituted with halo, fluoro-lower-alkyl, lower-alkoxy, hydroxy, carboxy or lower-alkoxy carbonyl, lower-alkenyl, lower-alkynyl, lower-alkylene or lower-alkoxy-carbonyloxy,n is 1-5;y is 0-4; andw is 1-4.

Abstract: A method for preparing a sulfone represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R' each represent a lower alkyl group, an aryl group or an aryl group whose nucleus has at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, nitro group, a lower alkyl group, phenyl group and a phenyl group substituted with a halogen atom, comprises the step of condensing a sulfonic acid ester of 4-hydroxybiphenyl represented by the following formula: ##STR2## with a sulfonyl chloride of R'SO.sub.2 Cl at a temperature of 0.degree. to 200.degree. C. in the presence of a Lewis acid or a superstrong acid.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of aliphatic toluenesulfonates. The process comprises reacting a solution of an aliphatic alcohol and an alkali metal hydroxide in a solution of an aprotic solvent with toluenesulfonyl chloride for from about 1 to about 12 hours and forming said aliphatic toluenesulfonate. These compounds are useful intermediates in the preparation of complex organic molecules.

Abstract: A process for preparing a compound I ##STR1## with A=t-butyl, aryl andR=alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkenynyl, cycloalkyl(alkyl), aryl, arylalkyl, alkyl-S-(-O)-arylby reacting a compound III ##STR2## with a compound IV ##STR3## under the conditions of a phase-transfer reaction, is described. The process gives excellent yields and is not associated with the unpleasant odor of mercaptans.

Abstract: Cyclic 1-one-2-ene-3-ol compounds substituted in 2-position by an aroyl or heteroaroyl group bearing a hydrocarbylsulfonyloxy or hydrocarbylsulfonylamino substituent exhibiting herbicidal activity.

Abstract: Pentafluorophenyl derivatives are expressed by the formula (I): ##STR1## where X represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogen atom; Y represents any group of --CH.sub.2 OH, --COOH, --COCl, --CON.sup.1 R.sup.2, or --OSO.sub.2 R.sup.3 ; R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent an alkyl group which may have a substituted group, an aryl group which may have a substituted group, or a hydrogen atom except for R.sup.3. However, when X to a halogen atom, Y is the aforementioned groups other than --OSO.sub.2 R.sup.3. A racemate and/or an optical active form of the pentafluorophenyl derivatives can be used suitably as derivatizing agents for electron capture detection and optical resolution for analysis and as intermediates for medicines, agricultural chemicals, functional polymers, etc. The pentafluorophenyl derivatives are produced from pentafluorostyrene oxide.

Abstract: Indicators for the detection of thio groups are disclosed together with processes for the preparation of such indicators.

Abstract: A 2,2'-bridged[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-ylmethyl compound of the following formula is an intermediate to insecticidal esters. ##STR1## wherein n is 1-4 and Y is a leaving group readily displaced by carboxylate anions.

Abstract: This invention relates to sulfonylureas of the formula ##STR1## These compounds are useful in killing weeds and in regulating the growth of cultivated plants.

Abstract: Sulfamates of the following formula (I) are anticonvulsants and are useful in the treatment of epilepsy: ##STR1## wherein R is one or more substituents such as alkyl, halo, alkoxy, CH.sub.3 or nitro; andx is 0-3.

Abstract: Substituted [1,1'-biphenyl]-3-ylmethyl compounds carrying leaving groups are intermediates to insecticidal esters.