Abstract: The subject is to provide a liquid crystal that has a high stability to heat, light and so forth, a wide temperature range of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a large optical anisotropy and a suitable elastic constant K33, and further has a large negative dielectric anisotropy and an excellent compatibility with any other liquid crystal compound. The invention provides the compound (1): wherein, for example, R1 and R2 are hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 9 carbons or alkenyloxy having 2 to 9 carbons; when one of the ring A1, the ring A2 and the ring A3 is 1,4-phenylene or 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, the other two are 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-cyclohexenylene; and Z1 is a single bond, —(CH2)2—, —CH2O—, —OCH2—, —COO— or —OCO—.

Abstract: A polycyclic pentafluorosulfanylbenzene compound represented by the following general formula (1) and a process for producing the polycyclic pentafluorosulfanylbenzene compound which comprises reacting a specific pentafluorosulfanylbenzene compound with a specific boronic acid compound are provided. The polycyclic pentafluorosulfanylbenzene compound is a novel compound and can be produced by the process industrially advantageously. (R1 to R4 each independently represent hydrogen atom or fluorine atom, R5 represents a hydrocarbon group having at least two cyclic structures which may have substituents, and Z represents keto group, thioketo group, methylene group or difluoromethylene group.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compounds of the formula (I) in which W, X, Y, Z, and CKE have the meanings given above, to a plurality of processes and intermediates for their preparation and to their use as pesticides and/or herbicides and/or fungicides. Moreover, the invention relates to selectively herbicidal compositions comprising, firstly, the biphenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols and, secondly, a crop plant compatibility-improving compound. The present invention furthermore relates to the boosting of the action of crop protection compositions comprising in particular biphenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols through the addition of ammonium or phosphium salts and optionally penetrants, to the corresponding compositions, to processes for their preparation and to their use in crop protection as insecticides and/or nematicides and/or acaricides and/or fungicides and/or for preventing unwanted plant growth.

Abstract: To provide an axially asymmetric optically active biaryl ester compound that can easily produced without the step of optical resolution which was almost indispensable in conventional methods. There is provided a method for producing an axially asymmetric ester compound, comprising a cycloaddition of a compound having a triple bond with the use of a catalyst containing rhodium metal and an optically active bisphosphine.

Abstract: The invention concerns processes for the synthesis of a compound of the formula: wherein: R1 and R2 are each, independently, C1-C12 alkyl, CO2R3, OR4, R5(OR6), or C6-C18 aryl; R3-R6 are each, independently, C1-C12 alkyl or C6-C12 aryl; and n and m are each, independently, O or an integer from 1-5; said process comprising: —contacting a compound of the formula H0-R7-0H with BH3 and a compound of the formula in the presence of a nickel-containing catalyst to produce a first product, where R7 is a C2-C12 hydrocarbon group and X is a halogen, OMs or OTs; —contacting the first product in situ with a compound of the formula: in the presence of a nickel-containing catalyst to produce a compound of formula I, where Z is a halogen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of certain cyclopropyl carboxylic acid esters and other cyclopropyl carboxylic acid derivatives; a novel process for the preparation of dimethylsulfoxonium methylide and dimethylsulfonium methylide; to the use of certain cyclopropyl carboxylic acid esters in a process for the preparation of intermediates that can be used in the synthesis of pharmaceutically active entities; and to certain intermediates provided by these processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds useful as pharmaceutical intermediates, to processes for preparing the intermediates, to intermediates used in the processes, and to the use of the intermediates in the preparation of pharmaceuticals. In particular, the present invention concerns enantiomerically pure trans-cyclopropane carboxylic acid derivatives, processes for preparing the carboxylic acid derivatives and their use in preparing pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: A method for covalently binding target molecules to carbon nanoparticles via at least one bridge molecule includes converting carbon nanoparticles to acyl carbon nanoparticles using a carbonyl compound of the at least one bridge molecule in the presence of a Lewis acid under Friedel-Crafts conditionsm, where the acyl carbon nanoparticles include a nucleofuge in the omega position. The target molecule is covalently bound to the acyl carbon nanoparticles via nucleophilic substitution of the nucleofuge in the omega position.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for prostratin analogs, bryostatin analogs, prodrugs of prostratin and prostratin analogs, methods of making prostratin analogs, and methods of making prodrugs of prostratin and prostratin analogs, methods of use of prostratin analogs, bryostatin analogs, and prodrugs thereof, and the like.

Abstract: The invention has an object to obtain an organic inorganic composite material having high activity and high selectivity, and suitable as a catalyst material having small elution of an active metal from a carrier, and further to obtain an organosilicon compound suitable for the preparation of the composite material. The composite material is an organic inorganic composite material comprising an organosilicon compound having at least two groups containing reactive silicon at a molecular end, bonded to one silicon atom constituting the organosilicon compound, and an inorganic oxide material, the organosilicon compound and the inorganic oxide material being bonded to each other through a plurality of groups containing reactive silicon of the organosilicon compound. The organosilicon compound is represented by the following general formula (1) or (2). Formula (1) wherein symbols are the same as defined in claim 17. Formula (2) wherein symbols are the same as defined in claim 18.

Abstract: Disclosed are a carbon nano-tube (CNT) thin film treated with chemical having an electron withdrawing functional group and a manufacturing method thereof. Specifically, the CNT thin film comprises a CNT composition to be applied on a plastic substrate. The CNT composition comprises a CNT; and chemical connected to the CNT and having an electron withdrawing functional group. In addition, the method for manufacturing a CNT thin film comprises steps of preparing a CNT; treating the CNT with chemical having an electron withdrawing functional group; mixing the CNT treated with the chemical with a dispersing agent or dispersing solvent to prepare a CNT dispersed solution; and forming a CNT thin film with the CNT dispersed solution. According to the CNT thin film and the manufacturing method thereof, a resistance of an electrode is decreased to improve the electric conductivity of the electrode.

Abstract: The racemic and chiral compounds expressed by common formula 1 and formula 2: wherein the lateral substituents X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7 and X8 in the benzene rings represent independently hydrogen and fluorine atoms, bridge group Z represent independently the single bond or COO, CH2CH2, CH2O and OCH2 group, substituent Y represents CH3, or CH2F, CHF2, CF3, C2H5 group, symbols n, m, r and t are independently integers of 1 to 8; symbols p and s signify independently number of 0 to 1 and its orthoconic antiferroelectric long helical pitch mixtures prepared by the methods 1) to the racemic components selected from compounds 1 are added chiral components selected from the compound of formula 1 and/or chiral components selected from the compounds of formula 2 and/or another optically active compounds with high helical twisting power, 2) to chiral compound 1 which helical pitches increases with the temperature increase is added chiral compound 1 which helical pitch decreases with temperature increase.

Abstract: A diamine includes a structure of formula (I), wherein X and Y are independently a divalence group selected from the group consisting of: —O—, —(C?O)—O—, —O—(C?O)—, —(C?O)—NH—, and —NH—(C?O)—; and R has a structure of formula (II): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, m, and n are as defined in Claim 1. A polyamic acid is prepared by reacting a diamine reactant including the aforesaid diamine of formula (I) with a tetracarboxylic dianhydride reactant. A liquid crystal orienting film contains a polyimide converted from the aforesaid polyamic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to derivatives of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) having improved anti-inflammatory properties useful in the treatment of inflammation, pain and fever. More particularly, NSAIDs are derivatized with a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) releasing moiety to produce novel anti-inflammatory compounds having reduced side effects.

Abstract: Norbornene monomers with fluorene group and polymer material thereof are disclosed. The norbornene monomers with fluorene group are prepared by Diels-Alder reation. The Norbornene monomers containing fluorene groups are highly active for ring-opening-metathesis polymerization (ROMP), and the molecular weight and PDI value of the obtained polymers are controllable.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a compound which can be used in the prevention and/or treatment of diseases in which 5-HT2B receptor and 5-HT7 receptor are concerned, particularly in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and/or prevention of migraine. [Means for Resolution] It was found that an acylguanidine derivative having a tricyclic structure or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has a strong antagonism to 5-HT2B receptor and 5-HT7 receptor. In addition, the compound of the present invention having antagonism to both of the receptors showed superior pharmacological action in comparison with the case of the single use of an antagonist selective for either one of the receptors. Based on the above, the compound of the present invention is useful in preventing and/or treating diseases in which 5-HT2B receptor and 5-HT7 receptor are concerned, particularly in treating irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and/or preventing migraine.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound having high optical anisotropy and high compatibility with a polymer resin, which is represented by Formula 1 and necessarily has at least one meta substituent. Also, a resin composition including the compound and a polymer resin, and an optical member including the resin composition are disclosed. Since the compound represented by Formula 1 is an anisotropic compound having high compatibility with a polymer resin and high optical anisotropy, in the case of an optical member obtained by using a polymer resin composition including the compound represented by Formula 1, there is no phase separation, and it is possible to achieve a required optical characteristic with only a small amount thereof.

Abstract: An acid generator represented by the following formula (1) is provided: wherein X represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, —X1—O—X2—, or a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, sulfur and fluorine; X1 and X2 each independently represent an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; Y represents a cyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms and containing one or more aromatic rings, while one or more hydrogen atoms on the ring of the cyclic hydrocarbon group may be substituted by one or more members selected from the group consisting of —O—Y1, —CO—Y2, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group and a cyano group; Y1 and Y2 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; n represents an integer of 0 or 5; and A+

Abstract: The present invention relates to biarylbisphosphines and intermediates thereof. Furthermore, the scope of the invention encompasses catalysts which can be prepared from the bisarylphosphines and their use in asymmetric syntheses.

Abstract: A polycyclic pentafluorosulfanylbenzene compound represented by the following general formula (1) and a process for producing the polycyclic pentafluorosulfanylbenzene compound which comprises reacting a specific pentafluorosulfanylbenzene compound with a specific boronic acid compound are provided. The polycyclic pentafluorosulfanylbenzene compound is a novel compound and can be produced by the process industrially advantageously. (R1 to R4 each independently represent hydrogen atom or fluorine atom, R5 represents a hydrocarbon group having at least two cyclic structures which may have substituents, and Z represents keto group, thioketo group, methylene group or difluoromethylene group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a protein comprising the amino acid sequence as shown in any one of SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 3 (except for proteins of the amino acid sequences as shown in SEQ ID NOS: 4 to 6), and a process for industrially advantageously producing a compound that inhibits HMG-CoA reductase and has an action to decrease serum cholesterol, using DNA encoding the protein comprising the amino acid sequence as shown in any one of SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 3 (except for DNA encoding the protein comprising the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 4).

Abstract: The disclosure relates to novel cycloalkylphenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols of the formula (I) in which J, X, Y, m and CKE are as defined above, to processes and intermediates for their preparation and to their use as pesticides and/or herbicides. Moreover, the disclosure relates to selective herbicidal compositions comprising, firstly, the cycloalkylphenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols and, secondly, a crop plant compatibility-improving compound. The disclosure furthermore relates to increasing the activity of crop protection compositions comprising compounds of the formula (I) by adding ammonium or phosphonium salts and, if appropriate, penetrants.

Abstract: Novel ligand antagonists of the RAR receptors have the following structural formula (I): in which A is a CH2, CHOH, C?O or C?N—OH radical or a sulfur or selenium atom; B is a radical selected from among those of formulae (a) to (f): and Ar is a radical selected from among those of formulae (g) to (i):

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymer-supported rhodium (II) catalyst and its application, which includes addition reaction to carbon-carbon multiple bond in ?-diazocarbonyl compounds, insertion reaction to C—H and X—H (X?N, O, S, Se, Si and the like) bonds, or rearrangement and additional cyclization reaction thereof A novel insoluble polymer-supported rhodium (II) complex was prepared through a ligand exchange reaction between an insoluble polymer and a rhodium (II) carboxylato complex, wherein the insoluble polymer was prepared by a copolymerization reaction of (i) a styrene derivative with substituted carboxylic acid, (ii) a stylene, and (iii) a linear alkane with both ends substituted by vinylbenzyloxy groups, Namely, a polymer-supported metal complex catalyst having the following chemical formula 1: wherein M1 and M2 are rhodium, and the like; and X is an oxygen atom, etc; and R4 is an alkyl group, and the like; and k is 1 to 15%, m is 1 to 5% relative to k+l+m, and l is the remainder; and n

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds useful, for example, for treating metabolic disorders in a subject. Such compounds have the general formula I: where the definitions of the variables are provided herein. The present invention also provides compositions that include, and methods for using, the compounds in preparing medicaments and for treating metabolic disorders such as, for example, type II diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a salt of the formula (I): wherein ring X represents polycyclic hydrocarbon group having tricycle or more and having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, and one or more hydrogen atom in the ring X is optionally substituted with alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or cyano group; Q1 and Q2 each independently represent fluorine atom or perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; n shows an integer of 1 to 12; and A+ represents a cation selected from the group consist of a cation of the following formulae (IIa), (IIb) and (IIc): The present invention also provides a chemically amplified resist composition comprising the salt of the formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention provides pressure-sensitive adhesives having a refractive index of at least 1.50. The pressure-sensitive adhesives comprise at least one monomer containing a substituted or an unsubstituted biphenyl group.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following general formula (I). (In the formula, R1 is hydrogen or C1-8 alkyl; ring A is 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-trans-cyclohexylene, or 2,6-naphthylene; Z1 and Z2 each are —COO—, —OCO—, —CH2O—, —OCH2—, —CH2CH2—, —CH|CH—, —C?C—, or a single bond; m is 1 or 2; n is 0 or 1; X1 and X2 each are C1-3 alkyl or alkoxy or hydrogen, provided that when one of X1 and X2 is hydrogen, the other must not be hydrogen; Y1 and Y2 each are hydrogen, fluorine, or chlorine; Q is C1-8 saturated or unsaturated alkyl in which all or part of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by a halogen atom; and L is oxygen atom or a single bond.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a compound of the structural formula (22) (22) crystal form of structural formulae (21) and its free acid, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and methods of preparing and using these compounds.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel cyclopropanecarboxaldehyde compounds of the general formula wherein R is a straight, branched, or cyclic hydrocarbon moiety consisting of 1 to 30 carbon atoms and containing single and/or double bonds.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for producing Simvastatin and intermediate thereof. The present invention uses inexpensive and easily available reagents, its condition is mild, and it leaves out the protective and deprotective steps, which are necessary in prior methods. Compared with prior art, the esterifying condition in 8-position is greatly simplified.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds derived from biphenyl with activity as calpain inhibitors. One compound of the present invention is a 2,2?-disubstituted biphenyl, where the substituents in the 2 and 2? positions of the biphenyl skeleton are chains containing structures related to amino acids, including fragments of aminocarbonylic compounds where at least one of the substituents in said 2- or 2?-positions is bonded to the biphenyl skeleton via a thiocarbonyl group, forming compounds with thioamide functionality. The present invention also encompasses any of the conformational isomers (atropisomers) of said compound of formula I. The compounds of formula I have application in the preventive or therapeutic treatment of a degenerative disease.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) or salts thereof, wherein A, and R1 to R5 are as defined in the specification, are DGAT-1 inhibitors and are thereby useful in the treatment of, for example, obesity. Processes to make compounds of formula (I) are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds starting from a copper compound of an aryl, heteroaryl, alkene or alkine and an aryl, heteroaryl, alkene or alkine compound having a suitable leaving group. The copper compounds can be prepared inter alia by means of transmetalliziation from a Grignard or lithium compound. Cross-coupling of these compounds with e.g. a halogen-substituted aryl compound is carried out by means of an iron or cobalt catalyst using suitable solvents and suitable additives.

Abstract: The present compound represented by formula(I) CH2?CR1—COO—(L)k-E1-E2-E3-(E4)m-(E5)n-R2??(1) provided that the symbols in the formula have the following meanings: R1: a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R2: a C1-8 alkyl group; L: —(CH2)pO—, —(CH2)q—, -Cy-COO— (Cy is a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group), -Cy-OCO—, -E6-(CH2)2—, -E7-CH2O— or -E8-O— (wherein each of p and q which are independent of each other, is an integer of from 2 to 8); E1, E2, E3 E4, E5, E6, E7, E8: each independently a 1,4-pheneylene group or a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group (provided that at least one of E1, E2 and E3 is a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, and in a case where L is -Cy-OCO—, E1 is a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group),and k, m, n: each independently 0 or 1, provided that when k is 1 and L is -Cy-COO—, -Cy-OCO—, -E6-(CH2)2—, -E7-CH2O— or -E8-O—, at least one of m and n is 0. The present compound is useful for liquid crystal composition and optical element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a medicament for IBS, which comprises a dual antagonist for 5-HT2B and 5-HT7 receptors having selective binding affinities for 5-HT2B and 5-HT7 receptors. The pharmaceutical composition of the invention is useful as a drug which is excellent in the therapeutic effect on IBS and shows lessened side effects occurring in the existing remedies for IBS, because it showed good pharmacological actions in comparison with the case of independently using a 5-HT2B receptor antagonist having selective binding affinity for 5-HT2B receptor or a 5-HT7 receptor antagonist having selective binding affinity for 5-HT7 receptor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coupling method between intramolecular carbon using the intramolecular cyclization reaction in situ of an allyl-indium compound derived from an allyl derivative containing an unsaturated hydrocarbon compound and indium, in presence of a transition metal compound catalyst. More particularly, the present invention relates to a coupling method between intramolecular carbon for preparing a cyclic compound having a vinyl group as a substituent by bonding a carbon in an allyl derivative containing an unsaturated hydrocarbon compound and a carbon in the unsaturated hydrocarbon compound via intramolecular cyclization reaction in situ of an allyl-indium compound as a coupling agent derived from the allyl derivative containing the unsaturated hydrocarbon and indium (In), in presence of a palladium catalyst.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel indane acetic acid derivatives which are useful in the treatment of diseases such as diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerotic diseases. The invention also relates to intermediates useful in preparation of indane acetic derivatives and to methods of preparation.

Abstract: Novel ligand antagonists of the RAR receptors have the following structural formula (I): in which A is a CH2, CHOH, C?O or C?N—OH radical or a sulfur or selenium atom; B is a radical selected from among those of formulae (a) to (f): and Ar is a radical selected from among those of formulae (g) to (i):

Abstract: Novel bicyclic compounds having the structural formula (I): are useful in a variety of pharmaceutical applications, whether human or veterinary, and also in cosmetics.

Abstract: The present invention provides, inter alia, triphenylethylene derivatives, such as, 3-{4-[6-(3-Methoxy-phenyl)-8,9-dihydro-7H-benzocyclohepten-5-yl]-phenyl}-acrylic acid, as selective estrogen receptor modulators. Also provided are methods for treating estrogen stimulated diseases in mammals including, but not limited to, for example, breast, uterine, ovarian, prostate and colon cancer; osteoporosis; endometriosis; uterine fibroid; Alzheimer's disease; macular degeneration; urinary incontinence; and type II diabetes, as well as, pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one compound of the present invention.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following formula (1), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or an optically active form thereof: wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification. A compound having a calcium-sensing receptor antagonistic action, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound, particularly a calcium receptor antagonist and a therapeutic drug for osteoporosis are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of certain cyclopropyl carboxylic acid esters and other cyclopropyl carboxylic acid derivatives; a novel process for the preparation of dimethylsulfoxonium methylide and dimethylsulfonium methylide; to the use of certain cyclopropyl carboxylic acid esters in a process for the preparation of intermediates that can be used in the synthesis of pharmaceutically active entities; and to certain intermediates provided by these processes.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel cyclopropanecarboxaldehyde compounds of the general formula wherein R is a straight, branched, or cyclic hydrocarbon moiety consisting of 1 to 30 carbon atoms and containing single and/or double bonds.

Abstract: The present invention concerns esters of R-enantiomers of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which is substantially free from the S-enantiomer. The compounds of the invention may be used in treating a disease or illness in a mammal. To this end, a composition comprising a compound mentioned above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof where salt formation occurs, is administered to the mammal in an amount sufficient to elicit a chemopreventative effect or a chemoprotective effect or a therapeutic effect or a prophylactic effect.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel stilbene compounds having the general formula (I): as well as to pharmaceutical compositions for use in human or veterinary medicine, including dermatological, rheumatic, respiratory, cardiovascular and ophthalmic conditions and cosmetic compositions and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) or therapeutically acceptable salts thereof, are selective protein tyrosine kinase-B (PTP1B) inhibitors. Preparation of the compounds, compositions containing the compounds, and treatment of disorders using the compounds are disclosed.

Abstract: The present application describes a method for information storage and data processing comprising the steps of thermo inducing or photo inducing double-bond shifts (DBS) in substituted (4n)-annulenes thus generating transitions between two different conjugation states with at least one substituent. The two different conjugation states are the conjugation on-state and conjugation off-state of the annulene core ?-electrons with the substituent ?-electrons. The present invention is furthermore related to novel substituted (4n)-heptalenes being optically and/or thermally switchable, based on thermal or photochemical double-bond shifts (DBS) as well as methods for their preparation. The (4n)-heptalenes can be used for information storage and data processing devices.

Abstract: Novel pharmaceutically/cosmetically-active bicyclic aromatic compounds having the structural formula (I): in which Ar1 is a radical having one of the structural formulae (a)-(c): and Ar2, X1, R1, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10 and R11 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Compounds having Formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof, are useful for treating pathological states which arise from or are exacerbated by angiogenesis. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and to methods of inhibiting angiogenesis in a mammal.