Abstract: Ester analogues of boron analogues of amino acid are disclosed. Also disced is a method of forming the ester analogues in high yield by condensation of the corresponding acids and alcohols with dicylohexylcarbodiimide at room temperature in dichloromethane. The disclosed compounds have shown interesting biological activities, in particular, hypolipidemic activity as well as significant antitumor and antiarthritic activities.

Abstract: Geminal dinitro compounds are prepared by reacting an organic nitro compound having a replaceable hydrogen on the carbon to which the nitro group is attached with a source of nitrite ions in the presence of an oxidizing agent and a catalytic amount of an alkali metal ferricyanide.

Abstract: The present invention provides certain 2,3-didehydro-5-oxopyrrolizidinones and indolizidinones which are useful as lipid-altering and anti-atherosclerotic agents.

Abstract: The polysubstituted dienes according to the invention correspond to the general formula: ##STR1## in which: X denotes a group chosen from the groups SH, SR.sup.3, OR.sup.3, SeR.sup.3, NHR.sup.3 and N.dbd.R.sup.3 in which R.sup.3 denotes an aliphatic or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated group containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms,Y denotes a group chosen from the groups C.tbd.N and ##STR2## where R.sup.4 denotes hydrogen or an aliphatic or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated group containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, provided that, when X denotes the group SCH.sub.3, Y does not denote the group ##STR3## and, when X denotes an OR.sup.3 group where R.sup.3 is an alkyl group containing at least three carbon atoms, Y does not denote the group C.tbd.N,R.sup.1 denotes hydrogen, halogen or an aliphatic, substituted or unsubstituted group containing from 2 to 8 carbon atoms,R.sup.

Abstract: Monomethyl-substituted methylene compounds are obtained by reacting methylene compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another represent --CN, --CO--R.sup.3, --SO.sub.2 --R.sup.3 or --NO.sub.2 andR.sup.1 can additionally denote -aryl(R.sup.1).sub.n,whereinR.sup.3 denotes --OH, alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aralkoxy or aryloxy, or amino which is substituted by alkyl and/or aralkyl and/or aryl, and furthermoretwo radicals R.sup.3 together can be an alkylene group, the radical of an aliphatic diol or of an aliphatic diamine or the group --NH--CO--NH-- and n represents 1, 2 or 3,with formaldehyde and with hydrogen in the presence of a condensation catalyst and a hydrogenation catalyst at elevated temperature, the methylene compound being introduced into the liquid phase of the mixture of reactants in the course of the reaction.

Abstract: A process for preparing alkyl nitroacetates by reacting an alkyl phenyl carbonate with a nitroparaffin in a polar aprotic solvent in the presence of a cyanide ion. The process permits a higher reaction rate, and thus the reaction can be completed even at room temperature.

Abstract: N-substituted N-isocyanatocarbonyl-carbamates, some of which are new, of the general formula ##STR1## are prepared by reacting an N-substituted carbamic acid ester of the general formulaR--NH--COOR.sup.1 (II)with chlorocarbonyl isocyanate of the formulaCl--CO--NCO (III)in a diluent, at a temperature between 50.degree. and 200.degree. C. The compounds (I) can be used as intermediate products for the preparation of new pest-combating agents.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N,O-disubstituted urethanes. A substituted urea, an alcohol and a compound taken from the group consisting of N-unsubstituted urethanes, urea, polyurets and mixtures thereof at a temperature of 120.degree.-350.degree. C. The urethanes prepared by this process are particularly suitable for the preparation of isocyanates.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for preparing an ester of nitroacetic acid which comprises;(1) a first step of subjecting a vinyl ester of a fatty acid and a nitrogen oxide to reaction with each other in the presence of a gas containing molecular oxygen in a solvent; and(2) a second step of subjecting the resultant reaction product of the first step to reaction with an alcohol.According to the method of this invention, an ester of nitroacetic acid can effectively be obtained in higher yield.

Abstract: 2-Aryl-1, 3-cyclohexanedione enol ester compounds exhibit outstanding miticidal,mite ovicidal and herbicidal activity.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula II: ##STR1## are produced by reacting a compound of the formula III ##STR2## with a compound of the formula IV: ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3 to 6 carbon atoms, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms substituted by cycloalkyl of 3 to 6 carbon atoms, polyhaloalkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, allyl, propargyl, enzyl or aryl,R.sub.2 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl or alkoxy, each of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, trifluoromethyl, nitro, alkylamino or dialkylamino, wherein the alkyl groups have 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or aryl,R.sub.3 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl or alkoxy, each of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or aryl,R.sub.4 is hydrogen, nitro, halogen, alkyl or alkoxy each of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or aryl,R.sub.5 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkylthio or alkoxy each of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, nitro, trifluoromethyl or aryl,R.sub.6 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, benzyl or aryl, andR is alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Novel, transient prodrug forms of the phenolic dihydroxy sympathomimetic amines have (i) the structural formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X is O, S or NR.sup.5 ; n is 1 or 2; R.sup.1 is the monodehydroxylated residue of a phenolic, nuclear dihydroxy natural sympathetic or sympathomimetic amine when n is 1, and the didehydroxylated residue of a phenolic, nuclear dihydroxy natural sympathetic or sympathomimetic amine when n is 2; R.sup.

Abstract: Novel, transient prodrug forms of dopa and dopamine have (i) the structural formula (I): ##STR1## wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, R.sup.3 -CO- and ##STR2## wherein X is O, S or NR.sup.6 ; R.sup.1 is hydrogen or --COOR.sup.8 ; R.sup.2 is hydrogen or OR; R.sup.

Abstract: Novel polyfunctional compounds and a novel process for their preparation are disclosed. These compounds may be converted into the acid or salt forms of cis and trans aconitic acids as well as into a racemic mixture of isocitric acid, alloisocitric acid and the lactones of isocitric acid and alloisocitric acid and their salts. All of the acid and salt forms produced are useful as metal sequestrants and/or detergent builders. The novel polyfunctional compounds can also be saponified to their corresponding alkali metal salts which, in turn, are also metal ion sequestering agents and detergent builders. The polyfunctional compounds are the reaction products obtained from the reaction of selected salts of monoalkyl esters of maleic acid with selected active hydrogen containing compounds.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing substituted 2-cyclopentenones represented by the general formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 are hydrogen or lower aliphatic hydrocarbyl groups. The process comprises treating a nitroalkane with a substituted acrylic acid ester in the presence of a base, followed by saponification, to yield a substituted 4-nitropentanoic acid which acid is then treated with strong acid under dehydrative conditions to yield the subject 2-cyclopentenone.

Abstract: Zwitterionic surfactant compounds are made readily biodegradable in the environment by the inclusion of a biochemically and/or hydrolytically labile chemical linkage located between the cationic and anionic charge centers of the compounds and anywhere from the second to the tenth atom distant from the cationic charge center. The biodegradable linkage is preferably an ester or amide. The alkoxylated zwitterionic surfactants herein exhibit outstanding particulate soil removal performance and are also effective in removing oily soils from fabrics, in addition to being readily biodegradable. Also described are detergent compositions containing the zwitterionic surfactants, and, optionally containing cosurfactants and detergent builders.

Abstract: A process for the separation of metals in which a mixture of metal derivatives is converted into anion complexes by means of a complexing anion such as, for example, a halide, thiocyanate, sulphate, nitrate, or the like said anion complexes are bound to a solid, non-soluble polymer, containing oxygen bonded to carbon which is converted into a polyoxonium compound by means of the complexing liquid medium used. The complexes are separated by selective absorption and/or elution over the polymer using suited H.sup.+ ion concentrations and/or complexing anion concentrations.

Abstract: Dimethyl 2,2,2-trinitroethylmalonate, diethyl 2,2,2-trinitroethylmalonate, imethyl 2-fluoro-2,2-dinitroethylmalonate, diethyl 2-fluoro-2,2-dinitroethylmalonate, dimethyl 2,2-dinitropropylmalonate, diethyl 2,2-dinitropropylmalonate, and methods of preparing these compounds. These compounds are useful as energetic additives to propellants and explosives.

Abstract: Novel esters of halo-4-alkenoic acid compounds having pesticidal activity and methods of their preparation.

Abstract: Deposit control additives for internal combustion engines are provided which maintain cleanliness of intake systems withcut contributing to combustion chamber deposits. The additives are hydrocarbylpoly(oxyalkylene) aminocarbamates comprising a hydrocarbyl-terminated poly(oxyalkylene) chain of 2-5 carbon oxyalkylene units bonded through an oxycarbonyl group to a nitrogen atom of a diamine.

Abstract: Disclosed are selected aminoester derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, lower alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, phenyl, benzyl, and substituted phenyl and benzyl in which said phenyl ring substituents are selected from lower alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, lower alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, halo, hydroxy, nitro, amino and mixtures thereof; wherein R' is lower alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and n is 1 or 2. Examples of these compounds have shown bactericidal and herbicidal activity.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of urethanes by reacting a tertiary amine, an alcohol and carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalytic quantity of a copper salt, oxygen and a dehydrating agent is disclosed. The reaction is preferably carried out using a copper halide catalyst and dehydrating agents which combine with water to release the alcohol used in the preparation of the urethane product.

Abstract: A method for the total synthesis of (1RS,4SR,5RS)-4-(4,8-dimethyl-5-hydroxy-7-nonenyl)-4-methyl-3,8-dioxabicyc lo [3.2.1] octane-1-acetic acid is described. The compound is active as a utero-evacuant agent.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing the alkali metal salts of dinitromethane by effecting the saponification of methyl cyanodinitroacetate previously prepared by the nitration of methyl cyanooximinoacetate.

Abstract: There are disclosed herein derivatives of bisfunctionalized compounds, wherein said compounds have been formed by the introduction of a nitro group and a hydroxyl group in the form of an ester into a conjugated diene molecule by treatment of said conjugated dienes with nitric acid in the presence of a carboxylic acid anhydride. The novel compounds produced by this process are useful as bactericides, fungicides and valuable organic synthesis intermediates.

Abstract: Novel polyfunctional compounds and a novel process for their preparation are disclosed. These compounds may be converted into the acid or salt forms of cis and trans aconitic acids as well as into a racemic mixture of isocitric acid, alloisocitric acid and the lactones of isocitric acid and alloisocitric acid and their salts. All of the acid and salt forms produced are useful as metal sequestrants and/or detergent builders. The novel polyfunctional compounds can also be saponified to their corresponding alkali metal salts which, in turn, are also metal ion sequestering agents and detergent builders. The polyfunctional compounds are the reaction products obtained from the reaction of selected salts of monoalkyl esters of maleic acid with selected active hydrogen containing compounds.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein: m is 1 or 2; n is 4 to 8; X is CO, protected CO, or CROH wherein R is hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl and wherein the OH moiety may be protected; R.sub.1 is hydrogen or CO.sub.2 R.sub.1 represents an ester group in which the R.sub.1 moiety contains from 1 to 12 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 is hydroxy, or protected hydroxy; R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 are separately hydrogen, C.sub.1-9 alkyl, C.sub.5-8 cycloalkyl, C.sub.5-8 cycloalkyl-C.sub.1-6 alkyl, phenyl, phenyl C.sub.1-6 alkyl, naphthyl, naphthyl C.sub.1-6 alkyl, any of which phenyl or naphthyl moieties may be substituted by one or more halogen, trifluoromethyl, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy or nitro groups; or R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 taken with the carbon atom to which they are joined represent a C.sub.5-8 cycloalkyl group; and salts thereof; except that when one of R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl then the other of R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 cannot be hydrogen or C.sub.

Abstract: Novel ester diol alkoxylates produced by the reaction of an ester diol and an alkylene oxide. The reaction product is a vehicle useful in ink or paint formulations, as a solvent, and in adhesive formulations; it is also useful as an intermediate in the production of other valuable compounds and as a surfactant.

Abstract: Novel ester diol alkoxylate acrylates prepared by the reaction of an ester diol and an alkylene oxide to produce an ester diol alkoxylate that is subsequently reacted with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. The novel derivatives are useful as vehicles in coating and ink compositions and as monomers in the production of polymers.

Abstract: .alpha.-Acyloxy-N,N'-diacylmalonamides of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are the same or different and are hydrogen, straight chain or branched alkyl radicals having from one to eleven carbon atoms, or hydrocarbon radicals with six to twelve carbon atoms and comprising at least one aromatic ring, are novel compounds prepared by the action of a mixture of carboxylic acids R.sub.3 COOH and R.sub.4 COOH upon an .alpha.-acyloxymalononitrile, R.sub.1 COO--C(CN).sub.2 --R.sub.2, in the presence of an acid catalyst and are useful as intermediates in organic synthesis and low temperature activators in bleaching or scouring compositions.

Abstract: Novel polyfunctional compounds and a novel process for their preparation are disclosed. These compounds may be converted into the acid or salt forms of cis and trans aconitic acids as well as into a racemic mixture of isocitric acid, alloisocitric acid and the lactones of isocitric acid and alloisocitric acid and their salts. All of the acid and salt forms produced are useful as metal sequestrants and/or detergent builders. The novel polyfunctional compounds can also be saponified to their corresponding alkali metal salts which, in turn, are also metal ion seqestering agents and detergent builders. The polyfunctional compounds are the reaction products obtained from the reaction of selected salts of monoalkyl esters of maleic acid with selected active hydrogen containing compounds.

Abstract: Ampholytic quaternary ammonium compounds according to the formula: ##STR1## where R, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each is an alkyl group containing a carbon chain of from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is H, CH.sub.3 or CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2, R.sub.4 is H or CH.sub.3, and X is COOH, CN, CHO, or COOCH.sub.3 and methods for preparing such compounds wherein a tertiary amine is reacted with an .alpha.,.beta. unsaturated compound to produce an intermediate reaction product and this intermediate reaction product is reacted with an alkylene oxide to produce the ampholytic quaternary ammonium compound.

Abstract: New carboxyalkylacylamino acids which have the general formula ##STR1## are useful as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.

Abstract: Pharmaceutically active compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein --OR.sub.1, --OR.sub.2, --OR.sub.3 and --OR.sub.4, which may be the same or different, each represents a free or esterified hydroxyl group and --COOR.sub.5 represents a free or esterified carboxyl group, are provided together with processes for their production and pharmaceutical compositions containing them. Compounds of formula II and III possess valuable cicatrizing and anti-inflammatory properties.

Abstract: Phenolic age resistors such as 4-(3,5-ditertiary butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butyl 2-methyl-4-thia-6-octanoyloxy-hexanoate are used as antioxidants in diene rubbers, such as butadiene-styrene types and in polyolefins, such as polypropylene.

Abstract: Novel carbonic acid esters are disclosed which are useful in a process for introducing esterified carboxy-type protective groups on amino and/or imino groups in amino and/or imino group - containing compounds for the temporary protection of said amino and/or imino groups. Additionally, processes for preparing said esters are also disclosed.

Abstract: There are disclosed herein novel ester compounds which can be used as detergent solvents and plasticizers for resins, the compounds having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of --H and --CH.sub.3 ; R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, which may be the same or different substituents, are selected from the group consisting of straight and branched chain alkyl groups having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, benzyl and cyclohexyl; R.sub.5 is selected from the group --H, --CH.sub.3 and --C.sub.2 H.sub.5 ; and b=0 or 1.

Abstract: Copolymers are prepared from .omega.-bromoalkyl ester of acyclic unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and compounds copolymerizable therewith. The copolymers are useful as flame retardant plasticizers for polymers.

Abstract: This invention relates to a synthesis of biotin by the reduction of dehydrobiotin. The dehydrobiotin is prepared from 6-hydroxy-7-nitro-heptanoic acid methyl ester. Novel intermediates are also obtained by this synthesis.

Abstract: Acetals of the formulas CHCl.sub.2 CH(OR).sub.2, CCl.sub.3 CH(OR).sub.2, .sub.2 CH(OR).sub.2, CF.sub.3 CH(OR).sub.2, RO.sub.2 CCH(OR).sub.2, and (RO).sub.2 HCCH(OR).sub.2 wherein R can be --CH.sub.2 CYZ(NO.sub.2), --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CYZ(NO.sub.2), --CH.sub.2 C(N0.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 C(NO.sub.2).sub.2 CYZ(NO.sub.2), --CH.sub.2 C(NO.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.2 CYZ(NO.sub.2) or --CH.sub.2 C(NO.sub.2).sub.2 C(NO.sub.2).sub.2 CYZ(NO.sub.2) wherein Y and Z vary independently and can be Cl, F or NO.sub.2. These acetals are produced by contacting a negatively substituted aldehyde such as CHCl.sub.2 CHO, CCl.sub.3 CHO, CHF.sub.2 CHO, CF.sub.3 CHO, HO.sub.2 CCHO, or OHCCHO with a negatively substitute alcohol of the formula ROH wherein R is as defined above. Either FSO.sub.3 H, ClSO.sub.3 H, or CHF.sub.2 SO.sub.3 H, or CF.sub.3 SO.sub.3 H is used to catalyze the condensation. The acetals of this invention are useful as explosives.