Abstract: Compounds having the formulaH--A--(BA).sub.n --OHwhereinn is 1-20;A is ##STR1## B is ##STR2## R.sub.1 is alkyl having 1-6 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 is an alkylene having 1-6 carbon atoms, alkenylene having 2-6 carbon atoms, cyclo-alkylene or cycloalkenylene having 5-8 carbon atoms or phenylene having 6-10 carbon atoms;a is 1-6; andb is 2-6.These compounds are useful for making polyurethanes.

Abstract: A Koch functionalized product which is the reaction product of at least one polymer having a number average molecular weight of at least 500 and at least ethylenic double bond per polymer chain, with carbon monoxide and a nucleophilic trapping agent. The invention includes functionalized polymer, derivatives thereof and methods of making the same.

Abstract: A continuous process for functionalizing olefins, especially polymer olefins in a CSTR or pipe reactor. Esters are preferably produced by continuous reaction of the olefin with carbon monoxide and a nucleophilic trapping agent. The liquid-filled pipe reactor operates in plug flow with static mixers and the CSTR is operated in the substantial absence of air at constant liquid level.

Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a straight or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, phenyl, or cycloalkyl having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 is hydrogen or methyl; and R.sub.3 is hydrogen, methyl or carboxyl; which is useful in the treatment of seizure disorders. Processes are disclosed for the preparation of the compound. Intermediates prepared during the synthesis of the compound are also disclosed.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I) or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester: ##STR1## and intermediates thereof.

Abstract: A method for preparing an optically active succinic acid compound involves hydrogenating an itaconic acid compound in the presence of a rhodium compound and a 2,2"-bis(1-(hydrocarbon residue-substituted) phosphine-substituted alkyl)-1,1"-biferrocene compound.

Abstract: Novel unsaturated polylactone acrylates are produced by the reaction of an unsaturated polylactone, such as that produced in the reaction of a lactone with tetrahydrobenzyl alcohol, and a lower-alkyl acrylate under transesterification conditions. The unsaturated polylactone acrylate product may be subsequently epoxidized to form novel 3,4-epoxy polylactone acrylates.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a process for economically producing mono-p-nitrobenzyl malonate while recovering the excessive malonic acid and treating the by-product. The process of the present invention for producing mono-p-nitrobenzyl malonate comprises reacting p-nitrobenzyl-alcohol with malonic acid in an organic solvent, which may contain di-p-nitrobenzyl malonate if necessary, cooling the reaction mixture thus obtained to 35.degree. to 100.degree. C., separating the malonic acid thus precipitated and treating the reaction mixture with a basic aqueous solution at 35.degree. to 80.degree. C. The di-p-nitrobenzyl malonate formed as the by-product is effectively utilized by hydrolyzing or reacting with malonic acid to thereby give mono-p-nitrobenzyl malonate.

Abstract: The novel compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which n is an integer from the range from 4 to 8 and m is an integer from the range from 1 to 4,A is the aliphatic, aromatic, araliphatic or heterocyclic radical of a monobasic to tetrabasic carboxylic acid, andR.sup.1 and R.sup.1', independently of one another, are C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 alkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl, are suitable for stabilizing organic material against thermal, oxidative or actinic degradation.

Abstract: The invention includes selected novel optically active .alpha.-amino ketones which either are themselves useful or are intermediates for the preparation of known ketomethylene pseudopeptides useful as antibiotics, antibiotic enhancers, or enzyme inhibitors. Further, the present invention provides a method for dehydrogenation/asymmetrical hydrogenation to obtain essentially pure antipodes of ketomethylene pseudopeptides having two chiral centers.

Abstract: Mannich condensation products prepared by the condensation of a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl; R.sub.5 is hydrogen, alkyl, phenyl, aralkyl, alkaryl, or an acyl group of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.6 is alkyl, phenyl, aralkyl or alkaryl; R.sub.7 is alkyl; u is an integer from 1 to 10; n is an integer from 5 to 100; and x is an integer from 0 to 10;with an aldehyde and a nitrogen base selected from ammonia, lower alkylamine, a polyamine and mixtures thereof.The Mannich condensation products and their fuel soluble salts are useful as fuel additives for the prevention and control of engine deposits.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an alkylphenyl poly(oxyalkylene) polyamine acid ester fuel detergent effective for controlling deposit generated in an automobile engine, prepared by reacting polyamine and alkylphenyl poly(oxyalkylene) maleate derivative prepared by reaction of alkylphenyl poly(oxyalkylene) alcohol and maleic anhydride, through Michael reaction. A fuel detergent diluted solution comprising 5-70 wt % of said fuel detergent and an inert organic solvent, and a hydrocarbon fuel composition comprising thereof are prepared. The present invention does not use deadly toxic phosgene gas used in preparation of a deposit control additive for conventional polyether amine deposit control additive and prevents generation of amine salt to eliminate the process for removing amine salt.

Abstract: A homopolymer or a copolymer comprises a polymerizable compound represented by formula (I):A--X--COCOOR.sub.1 (I)wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group or an aryl group; X represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, --COO-- or --NR.sub.5 -- wherein R.sub.5 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group; A represents a C.sub.3 -C.sub.18 alkenyl, alkynyl, alkenylaryl or alkenylaralkyl group, or a group represented by: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group; Y represents an oxygen atom or --NR.sub.4 -- wherein R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group; n is an integer of 1 to 5; m is an integer of 1 to 10; and 1 is 0 or an integer of 1 to 20;with the proviso that if Y is present, X is not --NR.sub.5 --. Additionally, disclosed are processes of preparing the homopolymer or copolymer as well as the polymerizable compound.

Abstract: A process for making unsaturated .alpha.-amines from olefins wherein the process includes adding an aminating agent, an olefin and a molybdenum based catalyst to a reaction vessel having a nitrogen atmosphere. The catalyst may be described by the general formula LL'MoO.sub.2, L.sub.2 L'MoO.sub.2, or LL'MoO(X--Y).

Abstract: A fluorine-containing alkylsuccinic acid diester of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an aliphatic alkyl or alkenyl group, and one of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is a fluoroalkylether group and the other is a fluoroalkyl group, a fluoroalkenyl group, a fluorophenyl group, an aliphatic alkyl group or-an aliphatic alkenyl group, which has excellent lubricity in an atmosphere having low to high humidity.

Abstract: Antimicrobial compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is selected from the group consisting of alkyl; phenyl; alkoxy; phenoxy; benzyloxy; monoalkylamino; dialkylamino; cyclic amino, anilino; heterocyclic; amino substituted with heterocyclic ring, methods of making and using said compounds, and compositions comprising said compounds are disclosed.

Abstract: Cyclohexyladipates are formed in a staged reactor, e.g. a reactive distillation column. A mixture containing a major amount of benzene and a minor amount of cyclohexene is fed to the lower portion of the reaction zone and adipic acid is fed to the upper portion of the reaction zone, cyclohexyladipates are formed and removed from the lower portion of the reaction zone and benzene is removed from the upper portion of the reaction zone. The reaction zone also contains an acid catalyst.

Abstract: The compound described in the present invention is represented by the following general formula: R.sub.1 (OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.n O(COACOOXO).sub.m COACO(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.k OR.sub.2 wherein A is C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkylene group or a residual group of aromatic dicarboxylic acid, namely a group formed by removing two carboxylic groups from an aromatic dicarboxylic acid,X is straight or branched chain alkylene group, a residual group of glycols (namely a group formed by removing two hydroxyl groups from a glycol) selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and tripropylene glycol, or a residual group of thiodiethanol,n is 1 to 3,R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl or benzyl,R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl or benzyl,m is 0 to 13 andk is 0 to 3.

Abstract: The invention includes selected novel optically active .alpha.-amino ketones which either are themselves useful or are intermediates for the preparation of known ketomethylene pseudopeptides useful as antibiotics, antibiotic enhancers, or enzyme inhibitors. Further, the present invention provides a method for dehydrogenation/asymmetrical hydrogenation to obtain essentially pure antipodes of ketomethylene pseudopeptides having two chiral centers.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds which inhibit farnesyl-protein transferase (FTase) and the farnesylation of the oncogene protein Ras. The invention is further directed to chemotherapeutic compositions containing the compounds of this invention and methods for inhibiting farnesyl-protein transferase and the farnesylation of the oncogene protein Ras.

Abstract: A process for making unsaturated .alpha.-amines from olefins wherein the process includes adding an aminating agent, an olefin and a molybdenum based catalyst to a reaction vessel having a nitrogen atmosphere. The catalyst may be described by the general formula LL'MoO.sub.2, L.sub.2 L'MoO.sub.2, or LL'MoO(X-Y).

Abstract: This invention relates to alk-1-enyl ether-polyester block prepolymers which are curable by cationically initiated radiation and which are defined by the formula ##STR1## wherein m has a value of from 1 to 25;A is C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 alkylene, C.sub.6 to C.sub.14 aryl, both groups optionally substituted with lower alkyl, halo lower alkyl, alkyleneoxy, halogen or aryl;R.sub.1 is alkylene containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms;R.sub.2 is a saturated or unsaturated divalent radical containing from 1 to 14 carbon atoms and is selected from the group of alkylene, alkenylene and arylene, each group optionally substituted with oxygen, halogen, lower alkyl and/or hydroxy;R.sub.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl;R.sub.4 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkylene, C.sub.6 to C.sub.14 arylene, lower alkyl substituted phenylene or xylylene andR.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are independently hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl.

Abstract: A composition comprising a lactone-modified alicyclic compound (I), or an epoxidized lactone-modified alicyclic compound (II) of the following formulae: ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl group, an aromatic group or an alkenyl group having carbon number of from 1 to 30, Y.sup.1 is at least one of the structural groups; ##STR2## Y.sup.2 is at least one of the structural group; ##STR3## X is the structural group; ##STR4## and R.sup.a and R.sup.b each independently is hydrogen or a methyl group, c and c' represent a number of from 4 to 8, from n1 to nL represents 0 or a number of more than 0, respectively, and n1+n2+n3+ . . . +nL corresponds to the total mole numbers of a lactone introduced into one molecule.These compositions can be made into a heat-curable composition, a photo-curable composition, a polymerizable composition and another photo-curable composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing an ester composition in which at least one activated phenolic ether group of a molecule is reacted with at least one haloformyl group of another molecule.

Abstract: Cyclohexyladipates are produced by reacting a mixture containing a major amount of benzene and minor amounts of cyclohexene, adipic acid and an acid catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyester polyols which have a hydroxyl number of 80 to 250 and are the reaction product ofa) 52 to 60 mole % of a polyol component containingi) 10 to 50 mole % of one or more dihydric aliphatic alcohols having at least two carbon atoms, other than neopentyl glycol,ii) 5 to 40 mole % of one or more trihydric or higher functional aliphatic alcohols having at least 3 carbon atoms,iii) 10 to 40 mole % of one or more cycloaliphatic diols andiv) 10 to 60 mole % of neopentyl glycol, withb) 40 to 48 mole % of a dicarboxylic acid component containingv) 0 to 49.9 mole % of one or more saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids or an anhydrides thereof having at least 2 carbon atoms andvi) 50.1 to 100 mole % of one or more unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof having at least 4 carbon atoms,wherein the percentages of a) and b), i) to iv) and v to vi) add up to 100.

Abstract: Propoxybenzene derivatives represented by the following formula ##STR1## wherein Ra represents a nitro group, an amino group which may have a protecting group or an --NHCH.dbd.C(COO--C.sub.1-6 -Alkyl).sub.2 group, Rb represents a hydrogen atom, a protecting group for the hydroxyl group or a substituted sulfonyl group and Xa and Xb, which may be the same or different, each represents a halogen atom, and processes for preparation thereof are disclosed. These derivatives are useful in preparing antibacterial agents.

Abstract: Poly(oxyalkylene) hydroxyaromatic ethers having the formula: ##STR1## or a fuel-soluble salt thereof; where n is an integer from 5 to 100; x is an integer from 0 to 10; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or lower alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.5 is an acyl group of the formula: ##STR2## wherein y is 1, 2 or 3; R.sub.6 is a divalent hydrocarbyl radical, when y is 1, a trivalent hydrocarbyl radical, when y is 2, or tetravalent hydrocarbyl radical, when y is 3, said hydrocarbyl radicals having 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; and each Z is independently selected from the group consisting of: ##STR3## where each R.sub.7 is independently alkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, phenyl, aralkyl having 7 to 36 carbon atoms or alkaryl having 7 to 36 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new hydroxybenzophenones containing an ester functional group and to the use of these compounds as UV absorbers in organic polymers. More precisely, the new hydroxybenzophenones are 1,3-di(4-benzoyl-3-hydroxyphenoxy)-2-propanol carboxylates which preferably have a molecular mass of at least 500.These benzophenones can be employed as anti-UV agents in organic polymers, either by themselves or jointly with known benzophenones of lower molecular mass, such as 2-hydroxy-4-alkoxybenzophenones.

Abstract: New derivatives of cyclohexane in substantially pure form suitable as a pharmaceutical, foodstuff or as a stabilizer.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R is hydrogen or hydroxyl, R.sub.1 is alkyl, alkoxy, amino or aryl, and R.sub.2 is hydrocarbylcarbonyl or hydrocarbylsulfonyl, are highly suitable for stabilizing magenta couplers in photographic materials.

Abstract: An optically active (S)- or (R)-pentane compound of the general formula (11): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.11, R.sub.12 and R.sub.13 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.14 represents a hydroxy, protected hydroxy or oxo group, if R.sub.14 is an oxo group, the ring denoting benzene in the above formula (11) is benzoquinone, R.sub.15 represents a hydrogen atom, hydroxy or acyloxy group, R.sub.16 represents a hydroxy or acyloxy group, and the chiral central carbon marked with a symbol * in said formula (11) alternatively has one of an R-configuration and an S-configuration, is disclosed. Further, intermediate products of the compound of the formula (11) are also disclosed. Still further, a process for manufacturing the above compounds is disclosed. The compound of the formula (11) is easily synthesized from an easily available optically active starting material.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds which inhibit farnesyl-protein transferase (FTase) and the farnesylation of the oncogene protein Ras. The invention is further directed to chemotherapeutic compositions containing the compounds of this invention and methods for inhibiting farnesyl-protein transferase and the farnesylation of the oncogene protein Ras.

Abstract: A homopolymer or a copolymer comprises a polymerizable compound represented by formula (I):A--X--COCOOR.sub.1 (I)whereinR.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group or an aryl group;X represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, --COO-- or --NR.sub.5 --whereinR.sub.5 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group;A represents a C.sub.3 -C.sub.18 alkenyl, alkynyl, alkenylaryl or alkenylaralkyl group, or a group represented by: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group;Y represents an oxygen atom or --NR.sub.4 -- wherein R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group; n is an integer of 1 to 5; m is an integer of 1 to 10; and l is 0 or an integer of 1 to 20;with the proviso that if Y is present, X is not --NR.sub.5 --. Additionally, disclosed are processes of preparing the homopolymer or copolymer as well as the polymerizable compound.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds which inhibit farnesyl-protein transferase (FTase) and the farnesylation of the oncogene protein Ras. The invention is further directed to chemotherapeutic compositions containing the compounds of this invention and method for inhibiting farnesyl-protein transferase and the farnesylation of the oncogene protein Ras.

Abstract: In one embodiment this invention provides smoking compositions which contain a novel oxalate ester flavorantrelease additive.Under cigarette smoking conditions, a combustible filler additive such as methyl 4-oxo-.beta.-ionyl oxalate pyrolyzes and releases megastigma-5,7,9-trien-4-one as a natural flavorant component of the cigarette smoke.

Abstract: The present invention provides new allyl esters of the general formula:X--CH.sub.2 --CR.sup.1 .dbd.CR.sup.2 --CO--Y--R.sup.3 --A (I)wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which can be the same or different, are hydrn or halogen atoms or alkyl or aryl radicals, R.sup.3 is a linking grouping (spacer), X is an acyloxy radical in which acyl in the acyloxy radical is the residue of an aliphatic carboxylic acid or is the radical RCO-- in which R is an organic radical, Y is an oxygen or sulphur atom or especially an --NH-- group and A is a grouping which can react with a solid carrier material F, which contains appropriate functional groups B, either after selective deblocking or directly, whereby A and B are atom groupings which react with one another with condensation and/or addition and formation of a linkage between the solid carrier material and the radical X--CH.sub.2 --CR.sup.1 .dbd.CR.sup.2 --CO--Y--R.sup.3 --.The present invention also provides processes for the preparation of these new allyl esters.

Abstract: A malonic monoester is prepared in a good yield by a single step reaction by reacting malonic acid with an alcohol in the presence of a base and an activator of malonic acid selected from the group consisting of an acyl halide or halocarbonate and an acid anhydride or dicarbonate.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of alkanedioic acid derivatives comprising reacting an alkenoic acid derivative with carbon monoxide and a nucleophilic compound having a mobile hydrogen atom in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a source of a Group VIII metal, a source of a bidentate diphosphine liquid, a source of an anion and a source of a quinone promoter.

Abstract: A process for efficiently preparing an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid diester, which comprises reacting a conjugated diene, carbon monoxide, an alcohol and oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) a platinum metal, a salt thereof or a complex compound of a platinum metal, (b) at least one metal salt selected from the group consisting of a copper salt, an iron salt and a manganese salt and (C) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of (1) an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound, (2) a rare earth metal compound, (3) a metal compound of the groups IIIA, IVA, IVB, VA, VB or VIA, and (4) a metal carbonyl complex. The unsaturated dicarboxylic acid diester is useful as an intermediate material in industrial chemical processes and can be efficiently prepared without the use of a dehydrating agent.

Abstract: Cyclobutanols of the formula ##STR1## wherein P is a hydroxy protecting group are useful intermediates in the preparation of antiviral compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds comprising ester groups having at least three ester functions, to processes for the production thereof, and to the use of the products.Compounds having at least three functional ester groups of the general formula: ##STR1## are described, wherein the abbreviations have the following meanings: X=--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- or --CH.dbd.CH--,Y=bivalent, saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon residue optionally substituted,Z=optionally substituted acyl residue --CO--RR.sub.1 =the residue of an alcohol, or a group from an alkylene-oxide-adduct taking the alcohol function in the ester grouping.n=1 to 3 andm=1 to 3.

Abstract: A curable composition comprises a compound having at least two hydroxyl groups and a homopolymer or a copolymer of a polymerizable compound represented by formula (I):A--X--COCOOR.sub.1 (I)wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group or an aryl group; X represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, --COO-- or --NR.sub.5 -- wherein R.sub.5 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group; A represents a C.sub.3 -C.sub.18 alkenyl, alkynyl, alkenylaryl or alkenylaralykyl group, or a group represented by: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl groups; Y represents an oxygen atom or --NR.sub.4 -- wherein R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group; n is an integer of 1 to 5;m is an integer of 1 to 10; and 1 is 0 or an integer of 1 to 20;with the proviso that if Y is present, X is not --NR.sub.5 --.

Abstract: Aqueous aldehyde solutions for trapping hydrogen sulfide comprising 5 to 50% by weight of an aldehyde and 1 to 5% by weight, relative to the aldehyde solution of a formulation comprising10 to 80% by weight of an ester of oxalkylated alkylalkylenediamines, which may be quaternized and 20 to 90% by weight of water or of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alcohol.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel monoesters and diesters of 9,10-endoethano-9,10-dihydroanthracene-11,11-dicarboxylic acid.These novel monoesters and diesters correspond to the following structural chemical formula (II): ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and can represent H, an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alicyclic group having form 3 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, defined in their cis or trans variety, or an alkynyl group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, the said groups optionally being substituted by one or more functional groups such as ether, epoxide, halogeno, cyano, ester, aldehyde, ketone, aryl etc., where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 cannot be H or ethyl simultaneously. These addition products constitute valuable intermediates for the preparation of methylidenemalonates in high yields and with a high purity.

Abstract: The invention provides a polymerizable compound represented by the formula (I):A--X--COCOOR.sub.1wherein A represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkenyl, alkynyl, alkenylaryl or alkenylaralkyl group, or a group represented bywherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which are the same or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group, Y represents an oxygen atom or --NR.sub.4 --, in which R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group, n is an integer of 1 to 5, m is an integer of 1 to 10 and 1 is 0 or an integer of 1 to 20;R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group or an aryl group; andX represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, --COO-- or --NR.sub.5 --, in which R.sub.5 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group, provided that if Y is present, X is not --NR.sub.5 --,its production and polymers prepared therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention provides a crystal modification of magnesium salt of mono-p-nitrobenzyl malonate (hereinunder referred to as ".beta.-type crystal") which is characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern having strong peaks at angles of diffraction of (2.theta.) [.degree.] 4.5, 8.9 and 13.3 according to X-ray diffractometry with Cu-K.alpha. line, and a process for producing the .beta.-type crystal modification of magnesium salt of mono-p-nitrobenzyl malonate comprising the step of reacting a water-soluble magnesium salt with an alkali metal salt or ammonium salt of mono-p-nitrobenzyl malonate. This process facilitates the production of the .beta.-type crystal modification having a higher purity than a known .alpha.-type crystal modification. The .beta.-type crystal is a very useful intermediate as a starting material of pharmaceutical.

Abstract: A synthetic traction fluid comprising, as a base oil, at least one ester or its derivative selected from monoesters or their derivatives, and triesters or their derivatives represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein Y is independently selected from ##STR2## and --OH with A' being an ester linkage and R.sub.1 being independently selected from hydrogen and C.sub.1 to C.sub.8 alkyl groups, with the proviso that at least one Y is ##STR3## and R.sub.2 is independently selected from hydrogen and C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl groups.

Abstract: Oxime ethers of the general formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen or alkyl,R.sup.3 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, aryl or aryloxy, the aromatic ring being unsubstituted or substituted, or R.sup.3 is heteroaryl, adamantyl, fluorenyl or cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl, these radicals being unsubstituted or substituted,X is saturated or unsaturated C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkylene which is unsubstituted or substituted, andn is 0 or 1,and fungicides containing these compounds.

Abstract: A traction fluid comprising at least one compound selected from diesters or monoesters represented by general formulas ##STR1## wherein: A is an ester linkage ##STR2## n.sub.1 and n.sub.2 are independently integers having a value of from 0 to 5 inclusive;R.sub.1 is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl; andR.sub.2 is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl group.