Abstract: A process for the manufacture of 3-hydroxy-2-alkyl-4-pyrones of formula I is provided. ##STR1## The process comprises cyclizing a compound of formula II, ##STR2## an acidic medium and hydrolyzing the ester formed thereby to produce compound I. R.sup.1 represents methyl or ethyl; R.sup.2 represents lower alkanoyl or optionally substituted benzoyl; R.sup.3 represents --OH or --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 ; and, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may be alike or different and represent lower alkyl. The pyrones of formula I wherein R.sup.1 represents methyl or ethyl are known flavorants and odorants.

Abstract: Compounds of formula ##STR1## (wherein R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, n, m and p have the meanings reported in the specification), their preparation and the compositions for pharmaceutical use containing them as active ingredient are described.The compounds of formula I have dopaminergic vasodilator activity and they may be used in pharmaceutical field.

Abstract: Poly (alkylene oxide) substituted acetoacetanilides of the formula: ##STR1## wherein B comprises a divalent bridging moiety selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylene, --NHSO.sub.2 --, --O--, --CO--, --COO--, and --NCHO--; X comprises a poly (alkylene oxide) having a number average molecular weight of about 200 to 10,000; R comprises 0 to 4 moieties independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy and halogen; and d is an integer of 1 to 3. The poly (alkylene oxide) substituted acetoacetanilides are prepared by reacting a poly (alkylene oxide) monoamine, diamine or triamine with isatoic anhydride followed by acetoacetylation of the resultant aminobenzamide. The substituted acetoacetanilides are useful for preparing improved diarylide pigment compositions which in turn are useful for preparing storage stable printing inks (especially of the publication gravure type).

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 4-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-phenyl 4-nitro-benzoate, an intermediate for the preparation of 5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-salicylic acid, which is a drug known with the international non-proprietary name Diflunisal, is described.

Abstract: A UCN-1028D derivative represented by the formula: ##STR1## has protein kinase C inhibitory activity and is expected to be used as an active ingredient in anti-tumor agents, etc.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is halogen;X is oxygen; or sulfur;Y is oxygen; or sulfur;A is a straight-chain or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene chain;Q is hydroxy; halogen; cyano; unsubstituted or cyano- or halo-substituted C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkenyl; C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkynyl; --CR.sub.2 .dbd.CH--COOR.sub.3 ; --CH[N(R.sub.2).sub.2 ]COOR.sub.2 ; --NR.sub.4 (R.sub.5); --CO--NR.sub.6 R.sub.7 ; --COON.dbd.CR.sub.8 (R.sub.8); --C(R.sub.2)(OR.sub.9).sub.2 ; --Si(R.sub.10).sub.3 ; --COOCH.sub.2 Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl; ##STR2## --CON(R.sub.12)SO.sub.2 --C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl; --CON(R.sub.12)SO.sub.2 --C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl; C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylcarbonyl; C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkoxyalkylcarbonyl; benzoyl; benzylcarbonyl; --COOR.sub.16 ; --CO--N(R.sub.2)CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH(O--C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl).sub.2 ; --COO(CH.sub.2).sub.j N(R.sub.2).sub.2 ; --S(O).sub.k --R.sub.14 ; --S(O).sub.k --A'--COOR.sub.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of fungicidally active cyclopentene derivatives of the general formula ##STR1## cyclopentane derivatives of the general formula ##STR2## and cyclohexane derivatives of the general formula ##STR3## in which n, R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5, X and Y are as herein defined. Compounds of formula II and III are also provided which are useful as intermediates in the preparation of certain fungicidally active cyclopentane derivatives.

Abstract: New phenylethanolaminomethyltetralins of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein E represents hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy, phenyl, nitro, halogen, or trifluoromethyl,L represents hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyoxy, phenyl, nitro, or halogen, orE and L taken together represent a group --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH-- or --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, andG represents hydrogen, chloro, hydroxy or an --OG' group wherein G' represents a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 (alkyl group either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxy, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxycarbonyl, carboxy, or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl; a (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl group; or a (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)alkanoyl group; and salts thereof, are described which showed to be active as intestinal motility modulating agents and intraocular hypertension lowering agents.

Abstract: The present invention is novel selected hydroxamic acid derivatives of acyl residues of selected NSAIDS, i.e. having 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase inhibiting properties, pharmaceutical compositions for treating conditions advantageously affected by the inhibition and methods for treating these conditions in mammals, including humans suffering therefor.

Abstract: An optically active liquid crystal compound which is represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represents an alkyl or aralkyl group of 4-18 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 represents a haloalkyl group, X represents O, COO, OCO, CO or a single bond, Y represents COO, OCO, CH.sub.2 O or OCH.sub.2, Z represents COO or O, (A) represents a cyclic group shown by ##STR2## (B) represents a cyclic group shown by ##STR3## and l shows that the cyclic groups are substituted by at least one halogen atom.

Abstract: There is provided an improved process for the reduction of optionally substituted dinitrobenzenes to the corresponding nitroanilines with high yields which comprises contacting the dinitrobenzene with hydrogen in an acidic medium in the presence of a catalytic amount of a combination of a noble metal hydrogenation catalyst, and iron or an iron salt. Isomer specific reductions may be achieved with those compounds containing suitable directing substituents.The 2-halo-5-nitroanilines which may be produced in this process may be converted via a multi-step synthesis to useful 1-aryl-4-substituted 1,4-dihydro-5H-tetrazol-5-one herbicides.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel method for the preparation of optically active arylalykylsulfone derivatives, having a chiral center in the alkyl moiety in either the (R)- or the (S)-configuration. These optically active sulfones find use in the stereospecific synthesis of steroid or vitamin D compounds having chiral center at either carbon 24 or carbon 25 of the side chain. The method comprises the steps of reacting an optically active sulfinate ester having a chiral center at sulfur with a racemic alkyl Grignard reagent to obtain a mixture of diastereomeric sulfoxides, separating the mixture of diastereomeric sulfoxides, and oxidizing separately each of the diastereomers to obtain the desired optically active sulfone.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3) nitrobenzoates by reacting the nitrobenzoic acid to be esterified with an excess of about 300 to about 600 mol % of an alkanol (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3) in a solvent which is inert towards the starting compounds and the reaction product in the presence of a polyfluoroalkanesulfonic acid of the general formula (1)Y(C.sub.n F.sub.2n)SO.sub.3 H (1)in which Y is a hydrogen or fluorine atom, with the proviso that, if Y is H, this hydrogen atom is in the .beta.-position relative to the sulfo group, or the hydrate thereof as catalyst in an amount of about 0.1 to about 20 mol %, relative to the nitrobenzoic acid used, at temperatures from about 60.degree. to about 120.degree. C.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for preparing an herbicidal intermediate compound having the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein groups X are independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, CN, halo, alkoxy, nitro, or S(O).sub.m R.sup.2 where R.sup.2 is alkyl and m is 0, 1 or 2, n is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 4 and R.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 alkyl and intermediate compounds.

Abstract: Compounds of formula ##STR1## (wherein R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, n, m, and p have the meanings reported in the specification), their preparation and the compositions for pharmaceutical use containing them as active ingredient are described.The compounds of formula I have dopaminergic vasodilator activity and they may be used in pharmaceutical field.

Abstract: There are described new phenylacetic acid derivatives of general formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 have the meanings given in the description, processes for their preparation and insecticidal and acaricidal compositions containing these compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing useful thromboxane A.sub.2 inhibiting (.+-.)7-[3.alpha.-[1-[[(phenylamino)thioxomethyl]hydrazono]ethyl]-1.alpha. ,4.alpha.-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2.beta.-yl]-heptenoic acids and useful derivatives thereof from (.+-.)octahydro-1.alpha.-methyl-3a.alpha.,7a.alpha.-4.alpha.,7.alpha.-meth ano-2H-inden-2-ones.

Abstract: New pharmacologically active amidino and guanidino derivatives which are 5-HT.sub.3 receptor antagonists useful as antiemetic, gastric prokinetic and antimigrainic agents of the following general formula (I) ##STR1## , wherein the substituents are defined hereinbelow, which compounds are 5-HT.sub.3 receptor antagonists useful as antiemetic gastric prokinetic and antimigraine agents, inter alia.

Abstract: Novel 1,3-diaryl cyclopentanes of the following general formula were prepared. ##STR1## These compounds were found to have potent and specific PAF (Platelet Activating Factor) antagonistic activities and as such useful in the treatment or amelioration of various diseases or disorders mediate by the PAF, for example, hypotension, inflammation, nephritis, stroke and other cardiovascular disorders, asthma, allergic and skin diseases, peptic or stomach ulcer, shock, lung edema, psoriasis, adult respiratory distress syndrome, pain including dental pain, and aggregation of platelets.

Abstract: A process for regioselectively preparing phosphorylated cyclitols, in particular phosphorylated inositols such as myo-inositol 1,4,5-tris(phosphate) and muo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakis(phosphate). Novel cyclitols produced by means of this process are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel 2-acyl-1,3-cyclohexanediones and the oxime ethers thereof with herbicidal and plant growth regulating properties.The novel 2-acyl-1,3-cyclohexanediones and the oxime ethers thereof are of the formula I ##STR1## wherein A is a 2- or 7-membered alkylene bridge, or a 3- to 7-membered alkenylene bridge which may be mono- or polyunsaturated,n is 0, 1 or 2,R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or benzyl,R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylthio; or is C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl; or phenyl, benzyl or phenylethyl, the phenyl ring of each of which may be substituted by halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkoxy, cyano or nitro,X is oxygen or a radical --NOR.sub.3, andR.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 haloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 haloalkenyl or C.sub.3 -C.

Abstract: Seco-mevinic acid derivatives are provided which has the structure ##STR1## including all stereoisomers thereof, wherein Z is ##STR2## R is H, alkali metal or lower alkyl, R.sup.1 is H, lower alkyl, aryl, lower alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl or heterocyclic; R.sup.2 is lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl, and X is O or NR.sup.5 wherein R.sup.5 is H or lower alkyl, and are HMG CoA reductase inhibitors and thus are useful as antihypercholesterolemic agents and in treating atherosclerosis. New intermediates for preparing the above seco-mevinic acid derivatives are also provided.

Abstract: Certain substituted urea, thiourea, carbamate, and thiocarbamate compounds are potent inhibitors of the enzyme acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase and are thus useful agents for inhibiting the intestinal absorption of cholesterol, and for lowering blood plasma cholesterol.

Abstract: Antihypercholesterolemic activity, due to competitive inhibition of HMG CoA reductase, has been found in compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently selected from:(1) alkyl,(2) substituted alkyl in which one or more substituents are selected from(a) halogen,(b) hydroxyl,(c) alkoxy,(d) alkoxycarbonyl,(e) acyloxy,(f) cycloalkyl,(g) phenyl,(h) substituted phenyl in which one or more substituents are X or Y,(i) alkyl-S(O).sub.n,(j) cycloalkyl-S(O).sub.n,(k) phenyl-S(O).sub.n,(l) substituted phenyl-S(O).sub.n in which one or more substituents are X or Y, and(m) oxo,(3) alkoxy,(4) alkenyl,(5) cycloalkyl,(6) substituted cycloalkyl in which one or more substituents are selected from(a) alkyl,(b) substituted alkyl in which one or more substituents are selected from(i) halogen,(ii) hydroxy,(iii) alkoxy,(iv) alkoxycarbonyl(v) acyloxy(vi) phenyl(vii) substituted phenyl in which one or more substituents are X and Y,(viii) alkyl-S(O).sub.n,(ix) cycloalkyl-S(O).sub.

Abstract: There are described new trifluoroethyl esters of phenylacetic acid of general formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 have the meanings given in the description and processes for their preparation. The compounds show insecticidal activity so that they can be used as pesticides.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a 1,8-bridged 4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid of the formula ##STR1## comprising in a first reaction step reacting an enamine of the formula ##STR2## in an anhydrous, aprotic solvent with one equivalent of a base, at a temperature from 80.degree. C. to 180.degree. C., to give a 4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid derivative of the formula ##STR3## and, in a second reaction step, reacting that with another equivalent of a base, to give the 1,8-bridged 4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid derivative of the formula (I) and optionally converting the group Y into a carboxyl group or salt thereof. Both steps may be effected simultaneously in a one-pot process without intermediate isolation of the compound II. Some of the compounds are new. The old and new compounds are antibacterials and promote animal growth.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a haloacetoxyalkyl ether having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is H or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, R' is H or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 group, and X is chlorine or fluorine; aroyloxymethyl ethers having the formula:R--COOCH.sub.2 --O--CH.sub.2 --OOC--Rwherein the R is p-NO.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.4, halogen substituted C.sub.6 H.sub.4, or other aromatics; the method of making such ethers and monoquaternary salts; and the method of alkylating amines, pyridines, or acetals or pyridine derivatives with such ethers to form quaternary ammonium salts; particularly HI-6, HGG-12, Toxogonin, and SAS-128.

Abstract: This invention relates to carboxylic acid derivatives and their use thereof. The compounds are useful in treatment of various diseases such as diabetes, prediabetic conditions, adipositas ailments or atherosclerosis.

Abstract: A vinyl tricarbonyl compound of the formula ##STR1## or its monohydrate of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen, halogen, unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 to C.sub.30 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, arylalkyl, and cycloalkyl with 3 to 7 carbon atoms,R.sub.2 is hydrogen, halogen, unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 to C.sub.30 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl with 3 to 7 carbon atoms, cyano, nitro, or a heterocyclic,R.sub.3 is hydrogen, halogen, unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 to C.sub.30 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl with 3 to 7 carbon atoms, cyano, nitro, or a heterocyclic, andR.sub.4 is unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 to C.sub.30 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl are 3 to 7 carbon atoms. Such vinyl tricarbonyl compound is effective against tumor cells.

Abstract: Liquid Crystal compounds represented by the following formula are disclosed. ##STR1## wherein R and R' are independently selected from alkyl groups containing 1.about.20 carbon atoms; X is --O--, --O--CO--O-- or direct bond; A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 are independently cyclic groups (such as phenylene and biphenylene), said cyclic groups may be substituted with 1.about.4 fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, or 1 or 2 substituent groups selected from the group consisting of cyano, nitro and trifluoromethyl groups; Y is --CO--O--, --O--CO--, --C.tbd.C--, --CH.sub.2 O--, --OCH.sub.2 --, --CH.dbd.N--, --N.dbd.CH--, --N.dbd.N--, --CH.sub.2 S--, --SCH.sub.2 -- or direct bond; and * represents asymmetric atom providing optical activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aromatic derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## in which: n represents an integer between 2 and 10;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are identical or different and represent a cycloalkyl containing 3 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkyl containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or substituted by a phenyl or benzyl group; orR.sub.1 and R.sub.2, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, form a heterocycle selected from pyrrolidin-1-yl, piperidino, azepin-1-yl, hexamethyleneimino, 4-methylpiperidino, 4-benzylpiperidino, 4-phenylpiperidino, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinol-2-yl, morpholino and imidazol-1-yl groups;R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen, a halogen, a methyl or a phenyl;R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen, a halogen or a methyl; or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, taken together with the benzene ring to which they are bonded, form a naphth-1-yl or naphth-2-yl group;Y represents a direct bond, a methyleneoxy group, a methylenethio group or a vinylene group; andR.sub.

Abstract: Nitroaryl carbonyl Formula (IIA) compounds, their nitrodihydroaryl carbonyl Formula (I) intermediates, processes for preparing Formula (II) compounds, and a process for preparing Formula (I) compounds, wherein each process comprises the reaction of a nitroaryl compound with a silane.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of tert-alkyl esters of the formula I ##STR1## in which m is 1 or 2, R is C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 tert-alkyl and X, if m=1, is unsubstituted or halogen-substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl or aralkyl, or an aromatic heterocyclic radical and, if m=2, is a direct bond, --CH.sub.2).sub.n, in which n can be an integer from 1 to 8, or 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-phenylene, by reaction of an ester of the formula II ##STR2## in which R.sub.1 is methyl or ethyl, with an alcohol ROH in the presence of a catalyst customary for transesterifications.

Abstract: The invention relates to the novel cyclohexanediones of formula I ##STR1## in which R is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl,A is R.sub.2, OR.sub.3 or NR.sub.3 R.sub.4,R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl that is unsubstituted or is mono-substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or mono- or poly-substituted by halogen, or is C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl,R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl, or is phenyl or benzyl each of which is unsubstituted or is mono-, di- or tri-substituted by R.sub.5,R.sub.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl,R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are, in addition, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, a pyrrolidine, morpholine or piperidine radical,B is one of the radicals ##STR2## m is 0, 1, 2 or 3, R.sub.5 is halogen, nitro, cyano, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylsulphinyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A process to form alkyl nitroacetates by reacting, in a common solvent and in the presence of a base, a nitroparaffin and a cyanoformate. The desired product is formed by a simple one-step process using inexpensive and readily available reactants.

Abstract: Herbicidal compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is halogen; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkoxy; trifluoromethoxy; difluoromethoxy; nitro; cyano; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 haloalkyl; R.sup.a SO.sub.n - wherein n is 0 or 2 and R.sup.a is C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl, trifluoromethyl or difluoromethyl;R.sup.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;R.sup.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;R.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; andR.sup.5 and R.sup.6 independently are (1) hydrogen; (2) halogen; (3) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; (4) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy; (5) trifluoromethoxy; (6) cyano; (7) nitro; (8) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl; (9) R.sup.b SO.sub.n - wherein n is the integer 0, 1 or 2; and R.sup.b is (a) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; (b) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituted with halogen or cyano; (c) phenyl; or (d) benzyl; (10) --NR.sup.c R.sup.d wherein R.sup.c and R.sup.d independently are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; (11) R.sup.e C(O)- wherein R.sup.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which Y is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, and Z is selected from hydrogen, a hydrogen halide complex or a tri(lower)alkylmethoxycarbonyl group, their use as herbicides and herbicidal compositions thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: Dispirotetradecanes of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently of each other alkyl containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms wherein one or more non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups may also be replaced by --O--, --CO--, --CO--O--, --O--CO--, --O--COO-- and/or --CH.dbd.CH-- (trans), one of the radicals R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 also being H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO.sub.2, NCS,A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 are each independently of each other trans-1,4-cyclohexylene wherein one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups may be replaced by --O-- and/or --S--, or 1,4-phenylene wherein one or more CH groups may also be replaced by N, with it also being possible optionally for A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 to be substituted laterally or axially by F, Cl, CN, CH.sub.3,Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are each independently of each other --C--O--, --O--CO--, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 O--, --OCH.sub.2 -- or a single bond,m and n are each 0, 1 or 2,(m+n) 0, 1 or 2,X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3 and X.sup.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel crystalline salts of aryloxypropanolamines with diphenylacetic acid, a process for their preparation and the use of these salts for the preparation of chemically pure aryloxy-propanolamines or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: Esters having the general formula: ##STR1## where X is a halogen, n is 1-5, Y is an alkyl, ether, ester, or nitro substituent, m is 0-2, Z is an ester linkage --OCO-- or --CO.sub.2 --, R' is a haloalkyl group, and p is 1-3, constitute high density flotation fluids for inertial instruments such as gyroscopes and accelerometers. Synthetic methods are disclosed for production of such fluids from available starting materials.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound represented by formula ##STR1## wherein R denotes an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms,m and n are each 0 or 1, provided m and n are not 1 at the same time. ##STR2## X and Y each denote a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a nitro group, provided X and Y are not hydrogen atoms at the same time, and Q* denotes an optically active group having an asymmetric carbon atom and a linear or cyclic alkyl or alkenyl group which may be substituted by a halogen atom, or the like.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a new method for killing and controlling worms (Helminths), new formulations for killing and controlling worms in animals, new chemical compounds, and a new synthesis of northern hemisphere intermediates for the synthesis of milbemycin and avermectin macrolides.

Abstract: Intermediate compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is oxy, thio, sulfinyl or sulfonyl; R is halogen; C.sub.1 C.sub.2 alkyl; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkoxy; trifluoromethoxy; difluoromethoxy; nitro; cyano; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 haloalkyl; R.sup.a SO.sub.n -- wherein n is 0 or 2 and R.sup.a is C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl; trifluoromethyl or difluoromethyl; R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, or phenyl; R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkylene; R.sup.3 hydrogen, C.sub.1 C.sub.4 alkyl, or phenyl with the proviso that R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are not both phenyl; R.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; R.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; R.sup.6 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl, or phenyl; R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 independently are (1) hydrogen; (2) halogen; (3) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; (4) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy; (5) trifluoromethoxy; (6) cyano; (7) nitro; (8) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl; (9) R.sup.b SO.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen; halogen; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkoxy; nitro; cyano; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 haloalkyl; or R.sup.a SO.sub.m -- wherein m is 0 or 2 and R.sup.a is C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl;R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are methyl or ethyl;R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 independently are (1) hydrogen; (2) halogen; (3) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; (4) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy; (5) trifluoromethoxy; (6) cyano; (7) nitro; (8) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl; (9) R.sup.b SO.sub.n -- wherein n is the integer 0, 1 or 2; and R.sup.b is (a) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; (b) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituted with halogen or cyano; (c) phenyl; or (d) benzyl; (10) --NR.sup.c R.sup.d wherein R.sup.c and R hu d independently are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; (11) R.sup.e C(O)-- wherein R.sup.e is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy; or (12) --SO.sub.2 NR.sup.c R.sup.d wherein R.sup.c and R.sup.d are as defined; and (13) --N(R.sup.c)C(O)R.sup.d wherein R.sup.c and R.sup.

Abstract: Novel pyrimido[2,1-b]benzothiazoles of the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R.sub.3 are individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or taken together with the carbon to which they are attached form a cycloalkyl of 3 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, alkoxy of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 7 to 12 carbon atoms, and ##STR2## R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or taken together with the nitrogen form piperidino or morpholino, R.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of the Formula I: ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are inhibitors of leukotriene biosynthesis. These compounds inhibit lipoxygenase, thus preventing the metabolism of arachidonic acid to the leukotrienes. These compounds are thus useful in the treatment of asthma, allergic disorders, inflammation, skin diseases and certain cardiovascular disorders.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel compounds of the formula I ##STR1## wherein: Y is selected from phenyl, furyl, thienyl and pyrrolyl rings (each optionally substituted by group X), optionally branched alkylene or alkylenethio(oxy)alkylene;X which may be the same or different are independently selected from halogen, nitro, alkyl, substituted alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylthio, sulfamoyl, substituted sulfamoyl, amino, substituted amino and alkanoyl;R.sup.1 is selected from hydrogen, acyl and an inorganic or organic cation;R.sup.2 is selected from alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkenyl and alkynyl;R.sup.3 is selected from alkyl; andR.sup.4 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, and alkoxycarbonyl.

Abstract: Nitroaryl carbonyl Formula (IIA) compounds, their nitrodihydroaryl carbonyl Formula (I) intermediates, processes for preparing Formula (II) compounds, and a process for preparing Formula (I) compounds, wherein each process comprises the reaction of a nitroaryl compound with a silane.

Abstract: A method of preparing esters of cinnamic acid comprising catalytically reacting a styrene compound with carbon monoxide, oxygen, and an aliphatic alcohol. The catalyst is essentially a combination of a palladium (II) compound and a copper salt. A catalytic amount of a dehydrating agent may be present to increase the selectivity of the reaction.

Abstract: Prepare esters of .alpha.-halocinnamic acid and related compounds in high yield under relatively mild conditions.