Abstract: A method of producing at least one oxygenated compound, such as methyl acetate, dimethyl ether, and formaldehyde, by reacting dimethyl carbonate and carbon monoxide in the presence of a faujasite zeolite, zeolite Beta, Linde Type L (LTL) zeolite, or MCM-41 zeolite.

Abstract: This invention relates to a clean-up solvent and paint thinner for solvent-borne resins and coatings selected from compositions of Formula (I) wherein R1 is a C1-C10 alkyl group, phenyl or benzyl, R2 is either hydrogen or methyl, R3 is a carbon chain including 4-6 carbon atoms, and n=2-4; of Formula (II) wherein R1 and R4 are, independently, C1-C10 alkyl groups, phenyl or benzyl, R2 is either hydrogen or methyl, R3 is a carbon chain including 0-4 carbon atoms, and n=1-4; and mixtures thereof. The invention also relates to a solvent-borne composition including a solvent-borne polymer and the low and zero VOC composition of the invention; and a method for cleaning or thinning a solvent-borne composition.

Abstract: Process for the production of methyl acetate by carbonylating a dimethyl ether feed with carbon monoxide under substantially anhydrous conditions, in the presence of a zeolite catalyst effective for the carbonylation. The carbonylation is carried out at a temperature in the range of 275 to 350° C. and in the presence of hydrogen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous process for manufacturing copolyether glycols with high incorporation of alkylene oxide by polymerization of tetrahydrofuran and at least one alkylene oxide in the presence of an acid catalyst, at least one compound containing reactive hydrogen atoms, and a specific diluent or solvent. More particularly, the invention relates to a diluent or solvent-assisted continuous process for manufacturing copolyether glycols with high incorporation of alkylene oxide.

Abstract: This invention relates to a clean-up solvent and paint thinner for solvent-borne resins and coatings selected from compositions of Formula (I) wherein R1 is a C1-C10 alkyl group, phenyl or benzyl, R2 is either hydrogen or methyl, R3 is a carbon chain including 4-6 carbon atoms, and n=2-4; of Formula (II) wherein R1 and R4 are, independently, C1-C10 alkyl groups, phenyl or benzyl, R2 is either hydrogen or methyl, R3 is a carbon chain including 0-4 carbon atoms, and n=1-4; and mixtures thereof. The invention also relates to a solvent-borne composition including a solvent-borne polymer and the low and zero VOC composition of the invention; and a method for cleaning or thinning a solvent-borne composition.

Abstract: A processing agent for processing urethane elastomer fibers contains a disperse medium of a specified kind having mineral oil as its principal component and a dispersoid of a specified kind including aliphatic ester compound. The disperse medium is 80-99.99% by mass and the dispersoid is 0.01-20% by mass for a total of 100% by mass. The average particle size of the dispersoid is prepared to be in the range of 0.01-500 ?m as measured by a specified measuring method.

Abstract: A tetrafluorotoluene compound represented by the formula (1): wherein R represents a C1-C6 alkyl group, and a method for producing a tetrafluorotoluene compound represented by the formula (1) which comprises hydrogenating a tetrafluorobenzyl alcohol compound represented by the formula (2): Wherein R represents a C1-C6 alkyl group.

Abstract: Described is a process for the alkoxylation of alcohols with I, Cl, or CH3CO2 endgroups, using alkylene epoxides in the presence of boron based catalysts.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyethylene glycol esters and blends of the polyethylene glycol esters with polyethylene glycol ethers, together with in particular cosmetic and/or dermatological preparations containing them, methods for the production thereof and use thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing (E3,Z5)-3,5-alkadienyl acetate and (E3,Z5)-3,5-dodecadienyl acetate which is a sex pheromone of Brazilian apple leafminer. Specifically, provided is a method for preparing (E3,Z5)-3,5-alkadienyl acetate, comprising steps of hydrolyzing 5,5-diethoxy-(Z3)-3-pentenyl methoxymethyl ether in the presence of an acid to obtain 4-formyl-(E3)-butenyl methoxymethyl ether; reacting the 4-formyl-(E3)-butenyl methoxymethyl ether with alkylidene triphenylphosphorane in accordance with the Wittig reaction to obtain (E3,Z5)-3,5-alkadienyl methoxymethyl ether; and obtaining (E3,Z5)-3,5-alkadienyl acetate using the (E3,Z5)-3,5-alkadienyl methoxymethyl ether as a starting substance.

Abstract: The present invention provides the following process for production of an ether compound, which is useful for chemical amplification type resist compositions, synthetic intermediates of pharmaceuticals, paints, or the like, with less side reaction and in high yield. A process for producing an ether compound having a group represented by the general formula (II) wherein R1, R2 and R3 may be the same or different, and represent substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl, or R1 and R2 form cycloalkyl together with an adjacent carbon atom, which comprises allowing a compound having a hydroxyl group (including a carboxyl group) to react with an alkenyl ether represented by the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2 and R3 have the same significances as defined above, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing mono- or diesters of polytetrahydrofuran or of tetrahydrofuran copolymers by polymerizing tetrahydrofuran in the presence of at least one telogen and/or of a comonomer over an acidic catalyst, wherein the polymerization reactor is started up using a mixture of polytetrahydrofuran, the mono- or diesters of polytetrahydrofuran and/or of the THF copolymers, tetrahydrofuran, any comonomer and at least one carboxylic acid and/or one carboxylic anhydride.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for functionalizing a double bond and, more particularly, a double bond bearing a metalloid atom. Said functionalization is produced by the action of perhalogenated sulphonyl chloride on the carbon bearing sulphur in the presence of a free radical initiator, preferably by homolytic cleavage. The invention is useful in organic synthesis.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of esters. In particular, the process includes contacting an olefin or an ether with carbon monoxide and an acid composition comprising BF3.2CH3OH to from a product composition, adding an alcohol to the product composition, and separating the BF3.2CH3OH from the ester. The separated BF3.2CH3OH may then be recycled to the reaction unit.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of liquid-phase reaction using a soluble metallic catalyst in which the soluble metallic catalyst is caused to coexist with an anion-exchange resin during the reaction and the reaction is conducted under such conditions that 50% or more of the soluble metallic catalyst is adsorbed onto the anion-exchange resin. The anion-exchange resin having the soluble metallic catalyst adsorbed thereon is separated from the liquid reaction mixture to thereby recover the soluble metallic catalyst and reuse it in a liquid-phase reaction. The soluble metallic catalyst is efficiently used, recovered, and reused with great ease at low cost in various liquid-phase reactions using the soluble metallic catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to process wherein (+)-2-carene epoxide is coupled with a compound X-Y that contains nucleophilic and electrophilic moieties, to produce a compound of formula (5). The reaction mixture consists essentially of a source of (+)-2-carene epoxide, compound X-Y, optionally an inert solvent and optionally a pH buffer. No acid catalyst is used in the process.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for the preparation of carboxylic acid benzyl esters from dibenzyl ethers, comprising reacting dibenzyl ethers with carboxylic acids in the presence of a homogeneous acidic catalyst.

Abstract: A process to prepare an improved fluid rare earth phosphate catalyst composition useful in preparing alkylene oxide adducts of organic compounds having active hydrogen atoms is provided. The catalyst is prepared by dissolving a rare earth salt in a C9-C30 active hydrogen containing organic compound and then adding phosphoric acid to the organic compound rare earth mixture.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a process in which, when a hydroxyalkyl ester is produced by carrying out a reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alkylene oxide in the presence of a catalyst, the contamination of the hydroxyalkyl ester with water can be inhibited to the maximum limit without washing the inside of a production apparatus together with the raw carboxylic acid or the hydroxyalkyl ester as an aimed product, or without carrying out azeotropic distillation with water and an azeotropic solvent. The process comprises a washing step and thereafter a drying step in the interval of from the stop of a production of the hydroxyalkyl ester till the restart of this production, wherein the washing step is a step of washing the inside of a production apparatus with water and/or an aqueous basic solution, and wherein the drying step is a step of drying under reduced pressure and/or hot-air-drying the inside of the production apparatus.

Abstract: Porous microcomposites have been prepared from perfluorinated ion-exchange polymer and metal oxides such as silica using the sol-gel process. Such microcomposites possess high surface area and exhibit extremely high catalytic activity.

Abstract: Processes for preparing alkoxylated nonionic surfactants are disclosed, wherein a compound having at least one active hydrogen atom, a carboxylic acid ester or mixtures thereof are reacted with an alkylene oxide in the presence of a hydrotalcite catalyst to form a reaction product mixture; and the reaction product mixture is combined with an acid in at least an equimolar amount based on the amount of the catalyst present.

Abstract: The present invention is an efficient process for the manufacture of &agr;-acyloxyacetaldehyde, a key intermediate in the synthesis of 1,3-oxathiolane and 1,3-dioxolane nucleosides.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of hydroxybenzoic benzyl esters by reacting dibenzyl ethers with alkylcarbonyloxybenzoic or alkoxycarbonyloxybenzoic acids and optionally anhydrides thereof in the presence of one or more acids as catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of t-butyl acetate and coproduction of methyl acetate or ethyl acetate, directly from MTBE or ETBE, by contacting a mixture of acetic acid, acetic anhydride, and MTBE, or alternatively, ETBE, with an acid catalyst. Unlike the art, disclosed is a route employing a tert-butyl ether as starting material for the desired production or coproduction of tert-butyl acetate. Also unlike the art, acetic anhydride is employed to react with the water of formation from the esterification reaction to control formation of t-butyl alcohol.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing carboxylic acid benzyl esters from dibenzyl ethers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing carboxylic acid benzyl esters from dibenzyl ethers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for continuously or discontinuously producing tetrahydrofuran polymers by homopolymerization of tetrahydrofuran, alkyl-substituted tetrahydrofurans and/or alkylene oxides in the presence of carboxylic acid anhydrides or compounds containing reactive hydrogen using an optionally non-acidified or acid-activated calcined and granular natural amorphous aluminum silicate catalyst. The inventive method provides a means for substantially suppressing the formation of cyclic ethers and for obtaining a polymer with a narrow molecular weight distribution by keeping the concentration of carboxylic acid anhydrides or alkylene oxide constantly below 1 wt. % during polymerization. The catalysts have a long life span and lead to polymers that are characterized by highly uniform properties and a narrow molecular weight distribution even if a fairly impure monomer is used.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for forming a carboxylic benzyl ester comprising reacting a dibenzyl ether with a carboxylic acid in the presence of a heteropolyacid and forming a carboxylic acid benzyl ester.

Abstract: Benzyl carboxylates can be prepared by reacting dibenzyl ethers with carboxylic acids and optionally carboxylic anhydrides in the presence of one or more, preferably one, acids applied to a support as catalyst.

Abstract: Alkylpolyalkylene glycol carboxylates are prepared by a process which comprises reacting a carboxylic ester with an alkylene oxide in the presence of a multimetal cyanide compound of the formula I

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the dissociation of allophanates, in which a thermal dissociation is carried out in a reaction vessel and the gaseous dissociation products obtained are removed from the reaction vessel using an inert carrier gas or the vapor of a liquid as stripping medium and are condensed.

Abstract: In a production process for a hydroxyalkyl ester, comprising the step of carrying out a reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alkylene in the presence of a catalyst, the present invention is to provide: a production process which can stop the reaction economically and sufficiently safely. In a production process which comprises the step of carrying out the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alkylene in a reactor 1 in the presence of a catalyst so as to produce a hydroxyalkyl ester, the reaction is stopped by introducing a reaction terminating liquid 21 into the reactor 1, wherein the reaction terminating liquid comprises water in a ratio of not less than 50 weight %, and has a low temperature of −5 to 45° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of carboxylic acid benzyl esters from dibenzyl ethers.

Abstract: The present invention provide a production process for a hydroxyalkyl ester which comprises the step of carrying out a reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alkylene oxide in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the production process sufficiently enhances the conversion or selectivity in the reaction. The production process is characterized in that the reaction is carried out in a reaction liquid under conditions where a relationship a<b is kept throughout the reaction wherein “a” is a molar concentration (mol %) of the carboxylic acid in the reaction liquid and wherein “b” is a molar concentration (mol %) of the alkylene oxide in the reaction liquid.

Abstract: Disclosed are a process for producing a poly(alkylene ether) glycol which comprises polymerizing a cyclic ether in the presence of at least a catalyst and a carboxylic acid anhydride, wherein the carboxylic acid anhydride has a ketene dimer content of 50 ppm or lower, and a process for producing a poly(alkylene ether) glycol which comprises polymerizing a cyclic ether in the presence of at least a catalyst and acetic anhydride, wherein the acetic anhydride is purified acetic anhydride obtained by treating acetic anhydride by contacting with at least one of a metal oxide and a mixed oxide, and optionally, distilling the acetic anhydride simultaneously with or after the contact treatment.

Abstract: In a production process for a hydroxyalkyl ester, comprising the step of carrying out a reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alkylene in the presence of a catalyst, the present invention is to provide: a production process which can stop the reaction economically and sufficiently safely. In a production process which comprises the step of carrying out the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alkylene in a reactor 1 in the presence of a catalyst so as to produce a hydroxyalkyl ester, the reaction is stopped by introducing a reaction terminating liquid 21 into the reactor 1, wherein the reaction terminating liquid comprises water in a ratio of not less than 50 weight %, and has a low temperature of −5 to 45° C.

Abstract: In a process for preparing polytetrahydrofuran, polytetrahydrofuran copolymers or diesters or monoesters thereof comprises polymerizing tetrahydrofuran in the presence of at least one telogen and/or comonomer over an acid-activated calcium montmorillonite as catalyst, the calcium montmorillonite has a BET surface area of at least 300 m2/g, an acidity of at least 0.02 mmol/g at pKa<−3 and a pore volume of at least 0.40 cm3/g for pore sizes in the range from 30 to 200 Å.

Abstract: The specification describes various polymers having monomer of formula (I): In formula (I), R1 and R2 are, independently, hydrogen, a C1-C24 alkyl group, an aromatic or heteroaromatic group, a C3-C8 cycloalkyl or C2-C7 heterocycloalkyl group, or a —C(O)R3 group in which R3 is a C1-C24 alkyl group, an aromatic or heteroaromatic group, a C3-C8 cycloalkyl or C2-C7 heterocyclic group; or a —CH2—C(O)—R4 group in which R4 is a C1-C6 alkyl group. At least one of R1 and R2 is a —C(O)R3 group. The polymer may be a homopolymer or a copolymer containing other ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The polymer may be used in a variety of coating compositions such as inks, adhesives, paints and films. Unique monomers where both R1 and R2 are acetoacetyl groups and novel monomers where R2 is an acetoacetyl group are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of t-butyl acetate and coproduction of methyl acetate or ethyl acetate, directly from MTBE or ETBE, by contacting a mixture of acetic acid, acetic anhydride, and MTBE, or alternatively, ETBE, with an acid catalyst. Unlike the art, disclosed is a route employing a tert-butyl ether as starting material for the desired production or coproduction of tert-butyl acetate. Also unlike the art, acetic anhydride is employed to react with the water of formation from the esterification reaction to control formation of t-butyl alcohol.

Abstract: The specification describes various polymers having monomer of formula (I): 1

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of esters. In particular, the process includes contacting an olefin or an ether with carbon monoxide and an acid composition comprising BF3.2CH3OH to from a product composition, adding an alcohol to the product composition, and separating the BF3.2CH3OH from the ester. The separated BF3.2CH3OH may then be recycled to the reaction unit.

Abstract: In a process for preparing polytetrahydrofuran, polytetrahydrofuran copolymers or diesters or monoesters thereof by polymerization of tetrahydrofuran in the presence of at least one telogen and/or comonomer over acid-activated montmorillonite catalysts, the montmorillonite catalyst after acid activation has a ratio of montmorillonite structure to the sum of muscovite and kaolin structures, determined from the intensities of the reflections at 2&thgr;=5.5° for montmorillonite, 2&thgr;=9.0° for muscovite and 2&thgr;=12.5° for kaolin measured in the X-ray powder pattern, of at least 5:1.

Abstract: Polytetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran copolymers, diesters or monoesters of these polymers are prepared by polymerizing tetrahydrofuran in the presence of at least one telogen and/or comonomer on a heterogeneous carrier catalyst which contains on an oxidic carrier material as active mass a catalytically active amount of at least one oxygenous molybdenum and/or tungsten compound and, when the precursor compounds of the active mass have been applied to the carrier material precursor, has been calcined at temperatures of between 500° C. and 1000° C. The catalyst used contains a promotor which comprises at least one element or a compound of an element of the 2nd, 3rd including the lanthanides, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th or 14th group of the periodic system of elements.

Abstract: A process for preparing an organic compound, comprising conducting an organic reaction in the presence of a phosphine oxide represented by formula (1); ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is the same or different and each represents a hydrogen or hydrocarbon group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and x is the amount of water as a molar ratio which is 0 to 5.0, exhibiting a high catalytic performance especially in an organic reaction involving an alkylene oxide.

Abstract: Polytetrahydrofuran, copolymers of tetrahydrofuran and 2-butyne-1,4-diol, diesters of these polymers with C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -monocarboxylic acids or monoesters of these polymers with C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -monocarboxylic acids are prepared by polymerization of tetrahydrofuran in the presence of one of the telogens water, 1,4-butanediol, 2-butyne-1,4-diol, polytetrahydrofuran having a molecular weight of from 200 to 700 Dalton, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -monocarboxylic acid or an anhydride of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -monocarboxylic acid or a mixture of these telogens over a heterogeneous supported catalyst which comprises a catalytically active amount of an oxygen-containing molybdenum and/or tungsten compound on an oxidic support material and which has been calcined at from 5OO.degree. C. to 1OOO.degree. C.

Abstract: Polytetramethylene ether glycol diester of the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R.sup.1 are identical or different and are alkyl radicals having 1-4 carbon atoms, and n is an integer from 2 to 200, are prepared by polymerizing tetrahydrofuran in the presence ofi) an acid-activated polymerization catalyst selected from synthetic amorphous aluminum silicates, zeolite and kaolin, which has been calcined at from 350.degree. to 700.degree. C. before use,ii) a carboxylic anhydride, andiii) from 1 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the polymerization catalyst, of a metal from the 8th group of the Periodic Table of the Elements as a hydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: An improved method for manufacturing diesters of polytetramethylene ethers involving the polymerization of tetrahydrofuran (THF) optionally with one or more comonomers (e.g., 3-methyl THF, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or the like) utilizing a solid acid catalyst (e.g., Nafion.RTM.) and a carboxylic acid with carboxylic acid anhydride (e.g., acetic acid with acetic anhydride) as molecular weight control agents wherein setting the pressure of the reactor while simultaneously achieving removal of the heat of reaction by operating under solvent/monomer evaporative reaction conditions effectively controls the reaction temperature. Such a process is useful in producing high purity commercial grade PTMEA that advantageously avoids problems caused by the high heat of reaction when such a process is scaled up to commercial level.

Abstract: Synthesis of a vinyl terminated polymer by reacting a cationically polymerizable monomer in the form of a cyclic ether with an acid chloride in a suitable solvent and in the presence of a Lewis acid. The vinyl-terminated polymers can be polymerized with other appropriate monomers resulting in thermoplastic elastomers having suitable properties for use as binders for explosives and propellants.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of an ester of polyoxyalkylene glycol on an industrially favorable basis which comprises the ring opening polymerization of a cyclic ether in the presence of a carboxylic anhydride and a solid acid polymerization catalyst to obtain a polymer esterified at some or all of the ends thereof, wherein the water content in the reaction system is maintained at not more than 30 ppm by weight during the polymerization reaction.

Abstract: A process for the continuous and discontinuous production of tetrahydrofuran polymers by homopolymerizing tetrahydrofuran or copolymerizing tetrahydrofuran with 1,2-alkylene oxides in the presence of compounds with reactive hydrogen or carboxylic acid anhydrides on an acid-treated, calcined and granulated aluminium silicate catalyst which may consist of amorphous aluminium silicate, a zeolite or kaolin. By keeping the concentration of carboxylic acid anhydride or alkylene oxide constant below 1 wt. % in the polymerization recipe throughout the polymerization it is possible to largely prevent the formation of cyclic ethers and to obtain a polymer with a very narrow molecular weight distribution. In granular form, the catalysts exhibit a hitherto unknown activity and form polymers with a very narrow molecular weight distribution and low color and acid numbers.