Abstract: Agave derived beverages with improved quality contain enhanced ratios of MAO B to MAO A inhibitors or enhanced concentration of inhibitor of MAO B.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of (R)-2-acetamido-N-benzyl-3-methoxypropionamide (Lacosamide) is described. It comprises reacting N-acetyl-D-serine methyl ester with benzylamine catalyzed by a non-nucleophilic base to obtain (R)-2-acetamido-2-N-benzyl-3-hydroxy propionamide followed by its methylation.

Abstract: A novel phenylcarbamate compound and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same are provided. More specifically, a novel phenylcarbamate compound, a composition for muscle relaxation containing the phenylcarbamate compound as an active ingredient, and a method of muscle relaxation comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of the phenylcarbamate compound, are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the cosmetic, dermatological or therapeutic use of certain cyclohexyl carbamate compounds of formula (I) given below, preferably as anti-cellulite actives.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are non-natural amino acids and polypeptides that include at least one non-natural amino acid, and methods for making such non-natural amino acids and polypeptides. The non-natural amino acids, by themselves or as a part of a polypeptide, can include a wide range of possible functionalities, but typical have at least one oxime, carbonyl, dicarbonyl, and/or hydroxylamine group. Also disclosed herein are non-natural amino acid polypeptides that are further modified post-translationally, methods for effecting such modifications, and methods for purifying such polypeptides. Typically, the modified non-natural amino acid polypeptides include at least one oxime, carbonyl, dicarbonyl, and/or hydroxylamine group. Further disclosed are methods for using such non-natural amino acid polypeptides and modified non-natural amino acid polypeptides, including therapeutic, diagnostic, and other biotechnology uses.

Abstract: Disclosed are linear discrete PEG constructs, which can be created and produced in a precise and reproducible way. Key to being able to do these things, where x in the discrete PEGx can vary from about 2 to about 64, is that the processes used to make each linear portion is controlled to give essentially one oligomer/one compound. Having a variable length linear discrete PEG construct that is (a) primarily an linear discrete PEG construct with diagnostic or therapeutic groups attached along a chain of attachment cores, which is attached to a preferential locator; (b) is an m-discrete PEG as the terminal construct on the linear portion, and “hidden”; (c or linear discrete PEG with a terminus group that can be either negatively or positively charged, or neutral; and any of the discrete PEG portions can be designed to be cleaved after entering the cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of the synthesis of ramalin. It comprises reacting a glutamic acid derivative, which is prepared using alkylchloroformate, with a hydrazine salt compound, which is prepared from hydroxy aniline, whether protected or not. The synthesis method allows ramalin, excellent in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, to be simply synthesized at stable yield even without use of a highly toxic solvent such as DMF. In addition, the method is cost competitive, and provides ramalin at high efficiency, thus enabling the mass production of ramalin.

Abstract: The invention describes novel direct synthesis methods for converting a precursor into a PET-tracer with a 18F-fluoromethoxy-group. The invention is also directed to novel and stable precursors for the direct radiosynthesis of protected derivatives of O—([18F]Fluoromethyl)tyrosines.

Abstract: The invention relates to (among other things) N-optionally substituted aryl-2-oligomer-3-alkoxypropionamides and compositions comprising the same. A compound of the invention, when administered by any of a number of administration routes, exhibits one or more advantages over corresponding compounds lacking the oligomer.

Abstract: Provide herein are compounds and pharmaceutical compositions suitable as modulators of hemoglobin, methods and intermediates for their preparation, and methods for their use in treating disorders mediated by hemoglobin and disorders that would benefit from tissue and/or cellular oxygenation.

Abstract: A new compound is provided, which is used for preparing lacosamide. A novel method for preparing lacosamide is also provided. During the reaction, iodomethane and silver oxide that are cost expensive are not used, nor a Pd-c catalyst is used, so the production cost is low, the raw materials and accessory materials are cheap and easily available, and the process is simple, so that industrial production is easy to realize; and moreover, the yield is high, and good economic efficiency can be achieved.

Abstract: The instant application describes novel compounds that modulate (in particular, inhibit) Sirt2, with structures according to Formulas (1) and (2) provided herein. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions thereof, methods of treatment (i.e., cancer and neurodegenerative disease) by administration of the modulating compounds, assay methods for finding modulators of Sirt2, and kits for practicing the assay method.

Abstract: The invention relates to oxadiazole compounds of formula I. The compounds are useful e.g. in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, such as multiple sclerosis.

Abstract: A method for production of an N-carboxy amino acid anhydride with efficiency is provided. The method for production of an N-carboxy amino acid anhydride includes a step of reaction of an amino acid organic salt compound with a carbonic acid diester.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cellulose acetate film used for optical compensation and a retardation enhancer used therein, and relates to a cellulose acetate film which has a high retardation value in the thickness direction (Rth).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cellulose acetate film for optical compensation and a retardation enhancer used therein, and relates to a cellulose acetate film which has a high retardation value in the thickness direction (Rth).

Abstract: A group of amino substituted benzoyl derivatives, their preparation and their use. The screening and research on an antiviral drug with hA3G/Vif as a target point proves that the 3-amino benzoyl derivatives not only have the combined activity for the hA3G/Vif, but also have a function of inhibiting replication of viruses. The present invention provides the possible breakthrough progress for the problem of HIV drug resistance, thereby providing a novel clinical antiviral drug which has higher efficiency.

Abstract: A process for the preparation in high yields and purity of the compound 6-(7-((1-aminocyclopropyl)methoxy)-6-methoxyquinolin-4-yloxy)-N-methyl-1-naphthamide of formula (I) and of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof is described. The process has various advantages over those previously described, in particular it avoids the use of acyl azide intermediates and their Curtius rearrangement. Novel intermediates useful for the preparation of compound (I) are also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel cycloalkylmethylamine analogs, and methods of preparing cycloalkylmethylamine analogs. The present invention also provides methods of using cycloalkylmethylamine analogs and compositions of cycloalkylmethylamine analogs. The pharmaceutical compositions of the compounds of the present invention can be advantageously used for treating and/or preventing obesity and obesity related co-morbid indications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to N-carbomethoxy-N-methoxy-(2-chloromethyl)-aniline compounds of the formula I, wherein: n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, each R1 is independently selected from halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy or C1-C4-haloalkoxy. The invention also relates to processes and intermediates for preparing such compounds of formula I. The invention furthermore relates to processes for preparing 2-(pyrazol-3?-yloxymethylene)-anilides in which compounds of formula I are applied as precursors.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I are useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders such as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic attack, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and social phobias, wherein: A is chosen from: aryl or heteroaryl, A being optionally substituted with up to 5 independently-selected groups R8; R1 is chosen from: alkyl or haloalkyl; R2 is chosen from: H, C(O)R6, C(O)OR6, SO2R6 or C(O)NR6R7; R3, R4 and R5 are independently chosen from: H or alkyl; R6 and R7 are independently chosen from: H or alkyl; and R8 is chosen from: OH, CN, halo, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, C(O)R6, C(O)OR6, SO2R6 or C(O)NR6R7.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of N-protected ?-aminoaldehydes by deacetalization of the acetal functional group of corresponding N-protected ?-aminoacetals using formic acid.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula I wherein n, A, R, R?, R?, R0, X and Y are as defined in the description, and their preparation. The compounds of formula I are useful as pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing (R)-2-acetamido-N-benzyl-3-methoxypropionamide (lacosamide), by methylation of (R)-2-acetamino-2-N-benzyl-3-hydroxy-propionamide (V), in which the methylation is carried out at a temperature below 20° C.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition including at least one compound of the Formulas (I), (II), or (III), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, or prodrug thereof, as defined herein. Also disclosed is a method of treatment of diseases which are pathophysiologically related to GPR35, the GPR35-hERG signaling complex, or both, as defined herein.

Abstract: A 7-membered heterocyclic compound having the formula (I), or its salt, or a solvate thereof with a chymase inhibitory action and useful for the prevention or treatment of various diseases, in which chymase is involved: a method for producing the same, and a pharmaceutical composition useful for the prevention or treatment of diseases, in which chymase is involved, including the compound of having the formula (I), or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a solvate thereof are provided.

Abstract: Serine hydrolases are implicated in malconditions such as cancer, central nervous system disorders, cardiovascular disorders, obesity, and metabolic disorders. Many serine hydrolases expressed in proteomic libraries are of unknown function in vivo. Compounds identified through library versus library screening can be used for treatment of malconditions associated with the specific serine hydrolase KIAA1363 (also known as AADACL1). A library of inhibitors of KIAA1363 was prepared and candidate compounds were identified as a potent inhibitors having submicromolar IC50 values. An exemplary compound of the invention was shown to be an effective inhibitor of prostate cancer pathogenesis. Other inhibitory compounds of the invention comprising fluorophore groups are shown to be effective in spatial and temporal localization of the serine hydrolase in cells and tissues.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel cycloalkylmethylamine analogs, and methods of preparing cycloalkylmethylamine analogs. The present invention also provides methods of using cycloalkylmethylamine analogs and compositions of cycloalkylmethylamine analogs. The pharmaceutical compositions of the compounds of the present invention can be advantageously used for treating and/or preventing obesity and obesity related co-morbid indications.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel conformationally-defined macrocyclic compounds that have been demonstrated to be selective modulators of the ghrelin receptor (growth hormone secretagogue receptor, GHS-R1a and subtypes, isoforms and variants thereof). Methods of synthesizing the novel compounds are also described herein. These compounds are useful as agonists of the ghrelin receptor and as medicaments for treatment and prevention of a range of medical conditions including, but not limited to, metabolic and/or endocrine disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, cardiovascular disorders, obesity and obesity-associated disorders, central nervous system disorders, genetic disorders, hyperproliferative disorders and inflammatory disorders.

Abstract: A targeting lipid can have the formula (I) in which T4 is a targeting moiety. The targeting moiety can be chosen to favor the lipid being localized with a desired organ, tissue, cell, cell type or subtype, or organelle. The targeting moiety can include, for example, transferrin, anisamide, an RGD peptide, prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), fucose, an antibody, or an aptamer.

Abstract: The invention relates to addition compounds which are obtainable by reacting a) one or more polyisocyanates containing uretdione groups with b) one or more compounds of the formula (I) Y—(XH)n??(I) with the proviso that at least 50% of the free isocyanate groups of component a) are reacted with the compounds of the formula (I) to give an intermediate which contains uretdione groups, and subsequently the intermediate is reacted with c) one or more compounds of the general formula (II) Z—NHRm??(II) with the proviso that all free NCO groups optionally still present and at least 20% of uretdione groups originally used are reacted with Z—(NHR)m. The invention further relates to the use of the addition compounds as dispersants and dispersion stabilizers, and to a process for preparing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the cosmetic, dermatological or therapeutic use of certain cyclohexyl carbamate compounds of formula (I) given below, preferably as skin and/or hair lightening (whitening) actives. The invention further relates to compositions and cosmetic, dermatological or therapeutic products comprising one or more compounds of formula (I) suitable for lightening human skin and/or hair and corresponding methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the cosmetic, dermatological or therapeutic use of certain cyclohexyl carbamate compounds of formula (I) given below, preferably as anti-cellulite actives.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and methods that can be used to convert the intermediate halomethyl ketones (HMKs), e.g., chloromethyl ketones, to the corresponding S,S- and R,S-diastereomers. More particularly, the present invention provides: (1) reduction methods; (2) inversion methods; and (3) methods involving the epoxidation of alkenes. Using the various methods of the present invention, the R,S-epoxide and the intermediary compounds can be prepared reliably, in high yields and in high purity.

Abstract: The present invention provides an alternative synthesis of N-substituted aminotetralines comprising resolution of N-substituted aminotetralins of formula (II), wherein R1, R2 and R3 are as defined for compound of formula (I).

Abstract: The embodiments described herein provide a reduction of an aldehyde or a ketone, such as a Meerwein-Ponnorf-Verley (MPV) reaction of an aldehyde or ketone. In some embodiments, the reaction occurs in the presence of Al[OC(CH3)3]. In some embodiments, the reaction occurs in the presence of an aprotic solvent. In some embodiments, the aldehyde or ketone is an amino aldehyde or an amino ketone wherein the amine is group is protected such that the nitrogen of the amine has no proton. Other embodiments related to compositions and compounds related to the reduction reaction, or to the preparation or use of the aldehyde, the ketone, or the resulting alcohol.

Abstract: A new compound is provided, which is used for preparing lacosamide. A novel method for preparing lacosamide is also provided. During the reaction, iodomethane and silver oxide that are cost expensive are not used, nor a Pd-c catalyst is used, so the production cost is low, the raw materials and accessory materials are cheap and easily available, and the process is simple, so that industrial production is easy to realize; and moreover, the yield is high, and good economic efficiency can be achieved.

Abstract: The present invention provides addition compounds, which suitable as dispersants and as dispersion stabilizers, and to the salts of the said compounds. The invention further provides processes for preparing these addition compounds, to their use as dispersants and dispersion stabilizers for organic and inorganic pigments and also fillers in organic and aqueous systems, and to pulverous or fibrous solids coated with such dispersants and intended for incorporation into liquid systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to N-carbomethoxy-N-methoxy-(2-chloromethyl)-aniline compounds of the formula I, wherein: n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, each R1 is independently selected from halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy or C1-C4-haloalkoxy. The invention also relates to processes and intermediates for preparing such compounds of formula I. The invention furthermore relates to processes for preparing 2-(pyrazol-3?-yloxymethylene)-anilides in which compounds of formula I are applied as precursors.

Abstract: A cyclotriphosphazene represented by Formula 1 prepared by introducing a dendritic tetrapeptide and a hydrophilic polyethylene glycol into a cyclotriphosphazene ring, a method of preparing the same, and a drug carrier including the cyclotriphosphazene of Formula 1. The compound according to the present invention may form a strong molecular hydrogel in a very low concentration of 2 w/w % or less. Furthermore, the hydrogel prepared using the compound of Formula 1 exhibits biodegradability, thermosensitivity at around body temperature, biocompatibility with protein drugs, and an easy way to prepare along with a sustained release property without any burst effect in the early stage of release. Therefore, the present cyclotriphosphazene molecular hydrogel may be efficiently used as a drug carrier for a sustained release of a drug, particularly, a protein drug.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a combretastatin derivative (I) or (II), said method including the following steps: triaryl(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)phosphonium halide P3 (III), wherein Ar denotes an aryl group selected from among phenyl or thienyl, is reacted with P2 having formula (IV) or P?2 having formula (V) so as to respectively obtain the compound P4 or P?4, which have formulas (VI) and (VII), respectively; then, during a step for deprotection in the presence of an acid and/or a base, the compound having P4 or P?4 leads, after an optional purification step, to the compound having formula (I) or (II).

Abstract: The present invention is directed single diasteromers of 4-fluoroglutamine having a diastereomeric excess of at least 80%. Methods of preparing the single diastereomers are also described, as well as methods of using the single diastereomers of radiolabeled 4-fluoroglutamine as imaging agent is also described.

Abstract: A new compound is provided, which is used for preparing lacosamide. A novel method for preparing lacosamide is also provided. During the reaction, iodomethane and silver oxide that are cost expensive are not used, nor a Pd-c catalyst is used, so the production cost is low, the raw materials and accessory materials are cheap and easily available, and the process is simple, so that industrial production is easy to realize; and moreover, the yield is high, and good economic efficiency can be achieved.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel macrocyclic compounds of formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates or solvates: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 , n1, m, p Z1, Z2, and Z3 are as describe in the specification. The invention also relates to compounds of of formula (I) which are antagonists of the motilin receptor and are useful in the treatment of disorders associated with this receptor and with or with motility dysfunction.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel macrocyclic compounds of formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates or solvates: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, n1, m, p Z1, Z2, and Z3 are as describe in the specification. The invention also relates to compounds of formula (I) which are antagonists of the motilin receptor and are useful in the treatment of disorders associated with this receptor and with or with motility dysfunction.

Abstract: The present invention provides an efficient and scalable process to prepare the compound of formula 4 by reduction of the corresponding ?-acyloxy sulfides.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I), wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, R1, R2, R3, G1, G2, G3 and Q are as defined in claim 1; or a salt or N-oxide thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to processes and intermediates for preparing compounds of formula (I), to insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscicidal and nematicidal compositions comprising them and to methods of using them to combat and control insect, acarine, mollusc and nematode pests.

Abstract: Urethane acrylates of the general Formula (I), corresponding salts, solvates or solvates of a salt thereof: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 each independently represent a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogens, C1-6-alkyls, trifluoromethyl, C1-6-alkylthios, C1-6-alkylselenos, C1-6-alkyltelluros, and nitro groups, with the proviso that at least one of R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 is not hydrogen; R6 and R7 each independently represent a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C1-6-alkyls; and A represents a saturated or unsaturated or linear or branched C1-6-alkyl radical or a polyalkylene oxide radical having 2-6 ethylene oxide or propylene oxide units; processes for producing and methods of using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Sitagliptin intermediate and preparation method and use thereof. The method comprises reacting compound of formula (II) and trifluorobromobenzene with a Grignard reagent by a Grignard reaction to obtain a compound of formula (I). Compound of formula (I) is a new intermediate compound for the synthesis of Sitagliptin. Compound of formula (I) can be easily used for preparing another important intermediate compound of formula (V) for the synthesis of Sitagliptin.

Abstract: Provided are various compounds of Formula (I): Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the above compounds. Additionally, methods of inhibiting macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) activity in a mammal are provided, as are methods of treating or preventing inflammation in a mammal. Further provided are methods of treating a mammal having sepsis, septicemia, and/or endotoxic shock. Also provided are methods of treating a mammal having an autoimmune disease, and methods of treating a mammal having a tumor.