Abstract: KS-506a, KS-506x and KS-506g having an activity to inhibit cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase and KS-506m and KS-506h having an activity to inhibit histamine release are produced by culturing a microorganism belonging to the genus Mortierella.

Abstract: Polytetrahydrofuran derivatives of the general formula ##STR1## where n is from 2 to 70, X is the bridge member --NH-- or --O-- and R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 are each hydrogen or various radicals.

Abstract: The invention relates to catechol carboxylic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein, R.sub.1 is ##STR2## acetyl, hydrogen, hydroxy or alkanoyloxy, R.sub.2 is ##STR3## hydroxy, hydrogen or alkanoyloxy, wherein R is hydrogen, lower alkyl or --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --N--(lower alkyl).sub.2,R.sub.3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or amino,R.sub.4 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, halogen or aminoA is ##STR4## wherein, R.sub.5 is hydrogen or acyl, R.sub.6 is hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl, aryl or cycloalkyl, and R.sub.7 and R.sub.8, independently, are hydrogen, lower alkyl or halogen, orA is ##STR5## wherein, R.sub.5 is hydrogen or acyl, R.sub.9 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, R.sub.10 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or halogen, R.sub.11 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or halogen, m is 0 or 1, n is an integer of 2-10, provided, that no more than one of R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 can be hydroxy, alkanoyloxy or ##STR6## and when R is hydrogen, salts thereof with pharmaceutically acceptable bases or when R is --(CH.sub.2).sub.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of statine, the phenyl analog of statine, the cyclohexyl analog of statine and derivatives thereof is described, as well as other valuable intermediates used in the process.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel fluorinated bis(salicylates). The novel fluorinated bis(salicylates) of this invention are useful as monomers in the synthesis of polymers and copolymers themselves useful as gas separation membrane materials.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for determination of cholinesterase activity, characterized by using, as a substrate, a choline derivative represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X is a halogen atom; Y.sub.1 is a hydroxyl group as a substituent in the 2- or 5-position; and Y.sub.2 is a hydroxyl group as a substituent in the 3-position.The determination method of this invention permits easy and simple determination of cholinesterase activity, and is very useful as a determination method for clinical examinations for the purpose of determining cholinesterase in serum.

Abstract: This invention provides benzene derivatives which are leukotriene antagonists, formulations of those derivatives, and a method of using those derivatives for the treatment of conditions characterized by an excessive release of leukotrienes.

Abstract: Resorcinol and substituted resorcinols are converted in one single step reaction into 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzenes and substituted hydroxy resorcinol compounds with a benzene solution of peroxypropionic acid.

Abstract: A novel heat-curable acrylic-terminated monomer is provided which exhibits an optically anisotropic melt phase at a temperature which enables it to undergo melt processing in the formation of molded articles, etc. Subsequent to melt processing articles prepared from the monomer are capable of being cured to produce a thermoset self-reinforced composite which is soft and flexible relative to prior art monomers. The monomer may, for example, consist essentially of the reaction product of a methacrylic-substituted phenol and terephthalic acid.

Abstract: Novel o-bridged polynuclear polyphenols of the formula I ##STR1## which contain at least one organic radical, such as alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, per phenyl nucleus and are formed by condensation of the monomeric phenolic components with customary bridging reagents, such as formaldehyde, acetone or sulfur dichloride, or by oxidative coupling of the monomeric phenolic components, and which, depending on the reaction procedure, can contain between 2 and 50 monomer units, are described.The substances according to the invention can be used for stabilizing plastics from oxidative degradation and have a good resistance to extraction.

Abstract: Organic compounds of phenolic nature for stabilizing organic polymers are described together with the process for preparing said stabilizing compounds. Stabilized polymer compositions incorporating said stabilizing compounds are also described.

Abstract: New compounds having the formula 1 ##STR1## wherein W is hydrogen, halogen, n-alkyl, --NHCOR.sup.1, --COR.sup.1, or phenoxyacetylamino optionally substituted by one or two C.sub.1-12 straight- or branched chain alkyl, X is a substituent in the coupling position and is selected from hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, --SR.sup.11 or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic residue attached at a ring nitrogen atom, and Y is a group having the formula 2 ##STR2## wherein Q is selected from the residues: --COOR.sup.4 or --CONR.sup.4 R.sup.5, --OM, --NR.sup.7 R.sup.8, --PO(OR.sup.9)[O].sub.x R.sup.10 with X=0 or 1, --SO.sub.2 OH, --SO.sub.2 NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 or CN. The groups R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.10, R.sup.11, M, k and n are defined hereinafter.These compounds are used as black color couplers in photographic materials.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of esters of formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 signifies methyl or ethyl and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, independently from one another, signify hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 -alkyl,is described. The process comprises treating a diketo ester of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 have the above significances, with the combination ofCuX.sub.2 and MeX.sub.n IIIin which Me signifies an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ion, X signifies halogen and n corresponds to the valency of the metal ion.Compounds I are known odorants.The reaction involved is thus an aromatization of the starting material.

Abstract: The nuclear hydroxylation of phenol with organic solutions of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a catalyst is carried out in improved manner by employing both (1) a special, practically water free solution of hydrogen peroxide in an organic solvent which does not form an azeotrope with water or whose highest azeotrope with water, boil near or above the boiling point of hydrogen peroxide, and (2) employing as a catalyst XO.sub.2 where X is sulfur, selenium, or tellurium. Besides increasing the yield and the ability to carry out the reaction in a simpler manner when selenium dioxide is employed as a catalyst, there can also be controlled the ortho-para ratio, respectively, the ortho-ortho ratio of the product.

Abstract: A chemotherapeutic composition for the control of plant diseases caused by mycoplasma-like organisms, rickettsia-like organisms, or seed-borne legume viruses. The composition is composed essentially of the tannate complex of picro ammonium formate combined with a minor amount of a surfactant sufficient to prevent formation of ammonium picrate. The preparation and use of the composition are disclosed. Also disclosed is a related chemotherapeutic composition for the control of plant diseases caused by plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria and composed essentially of a tannate complex of picro cupric ammonium formate in aqueous solution combined with a minor amount of a surfactant sufficient to prevent formation of ammonium picrate, along with its method of preparation and manner of use.

Abstract: Resorcinols of the structure of p-orsellinic acid ester are obtained from pyrones of the formula ##STR1## by the action of no more than catalytic amounts of bases.

Abstract: The invention relates to nematic liquid crystals in electro-optical components for the modulation of light as well as for the representation of numerals, signs and images and to a method for producing the same.It is the object of the invention to create nematic liquid crystals which are well suited for electro-optical devices, preferably for two-frequency operation.It has been found that pure or mixed 2-n-alkyl-1, 4-bis-[4-acyloxy]-benzenes of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.3 =n-C.sub.m H.sub.2m+1, with m=3 to 14, are well suited for utilization in electro-optical components.It was found that 2-n-alkyl-1,4-bis-[acyloxy]-benzene which is well suited for electro-optical components, and especially for two-frequency operations, can be produced by the conversion of a correspondingly substituted benzoic acid or cyclohexane carboxylic acid or a reaction-capable derivative thereof with the corresponding 2-n-alkylhydroquinone--also in the form of its phenylate--at a temperature ranging from 0.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of glaucoma or lowering intraocular pressure in a mammal, involving topically administering to the eye of such mammal a selectively metabolized beta-blocking compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R may be lower alkyl, lower hydroxyalkyl, lower alkynyl, aralkyl, or an ester-containing group and Ar may be substituted or unsubstituted aromatic; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Because of a relatively long duration of action of such compounds in ocular fluids and a relatively short duration of action in the systemic circulation, such compounds are useful for the treatment of excessive intraocular pressure without substantial systemic effects.

Abstract: Di, tri and tetrahydroxybenzohydroxamic acids, amides and the corresponding di, tri and tetrahydroxy substituted phenylalkanohydroxamic acids, amides and phenyl esters, ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of resorcinol derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is carbalkoxy, nitrile, alkyl or H and R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 are H or lower alkyl, by reacting the corresponding cyclohexane-1,3-dione (II) with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalytic amount of a copper compound and of from 1 to 10 moles of a hydrogen halide, or from 0.5 to 5 moles of thionyl chloride per mole of II, in an alkanol having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, tetrahydrofuran or methyl tert.-butyl ether as the solvent, at from 0.degree. to 150 C., without the addition of a significant amount of water to the reaction mixture. Some of the resorcinol derivatives prepared are useful scents with fragrance notes of the character of the odoriferous substance of natural oak moss.

Abstract: 3-alkyl-6-methyl-.beta.-resorcylic acid esters of the Formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent identical or different alkyl groups of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, are prepared by the reaction of .alpha.-pyrones of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the above meaning, with a base.

Abstract: Milbemycin and avermectin macrolides are synthesized by the cyclized linking of separately synthesized northern and southern hemisphere intermediates. The northern hemisphere intermediate is a spiroketal alkenyl aldehyde, and the southern hemisphere intermediate is an aryl alkenyl phosphine oxide anion.

Abstract: Dialkyl-substituted .beta.-resorcylic acid esters having the structure: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 is lower alkyl may be readily prepared by reacting the corresponding dihydroresorcylic acid esters with sulfuryl chloride. These compounds, particularly, methyl 3,6-dimethyl-resorcylate and methyl 3-ethyl-6-methyl-resorcylate, have oakmoss-like odors rendering them valuable as perfume ingredients.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of a polyhydric phenol by hydroxylation of a phenol with a peroxidic hydroxylating agent, is disclosed. The improvement resides in that before the hydroxylation, all or some of the mixture to be hydroxylated is treated with a cation exchanger.

Abstract: Compounds, which have antispasmodic effects, represented by the following formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkoxy group or, when taken together, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent an alkylenedioxy group; R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group; R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkoxy group, an alkyl group, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group or, when two of R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are taken together, they represent an alkylenedioxy group; and A represents a straight or branched chain alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and interrupted with an oxygen atom forming an ether bond therein, and the therapeutically useful acid-addition salts thereof; and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: Crude 2-ethylhexyl gallate is purified by crystallizing it from a system containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent such as hexane and a small proportion of 2-ethylhexanol.

Abstract: Novel polymers formed from the reaction of tricarboxylic anhydrides and hydrazines or hydrazides which may be cross-linkable by further reaction with a hydrazine or hydrazide are disclosed.

Abstract: the invention relates to photopolymerizable polymeric compositions useful as coating and moldable compositions which are hardenable by ultraviolet radiation. These coating and moldable compositions comprise mixtures of photopolymerizable or photocrosslinkable acrylates of bis-(hydroxyalkyl) terephthalates and isophthalates in combination with at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer component and a photoinitiator.