Abstract: The present invention relates to an Agomelatine sulfuric acid complex in formula (I) and the preparation method thereof (HX=H2SO4, RSO3H (R=CH3, Ph, 4-CH3Ph)). The solubility of the Agomelatine sulfuric acid complex obtained by the method of the present invention is significantly improved compared with Agomelatine, has good stability and higher purity, and is suitable for application in finished-product medicinal preparations. The preparation process is quite simple, and a product with high purity can be obtained without special operations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for labelling fluorine-18, which is a radioisotope, and more specifically, to a method for labelling a [18F]fluoride in a method for preparing an organic [18F]fluoro compound by reacting an alkyl halide or an alkyl sulfonate with a [18F]fluoride, wherein a [18F]fluoride supported on a quaternary alkyl ammonium polymer support is eluted using a solution containing a metal salt or a quaternary ammonium salt with an adjusted pH, and a base is not additionally used. The present invention enables a labeling reaction without an additional base after precisely reflecting the concentration of a base absolutely necessary for the nucleophilic substitution of a [18F]fluoride or eluting a [18F]fluoride using a [18F]fluoride eluent with an adjusted pH, thereby stably obtaining a [18F]fluoride-labelled compound in a high yield, and is thus useful for production of fluorine-18-labelled radioactive medical supplies.

Abstract: A liquid phase dehydrogenation process is described. The process includes reacting a liquid feed stream containing C10 to C28 paraffins and dissolved hydrogen in a dehydrogenation reaction zone in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst under liquid dehydrogenation conditions to dehydrogenate the paraffins to form a liquid dehydrogenation product stream comprising monoolefins, unreacted paraffins, and hydrogen, wherein the monoolefins in the product stream have 10 to 28 carbon atoms.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a fluorine-containing sulfonate resin having a repeating unit of the following general formula (3). In order to prevent deficiency such as roughness after pattern formation or failure in pattern formation, the fluorine-containing sulfonate resin incorporates therein a photoacid generating function and serves as a resist resin in which “a moiety capable of changing its developer solubility by the action of an acid” and “a moiety having a photoacid generating function” are arranged with regularity.

Abstract: A method for halogenating, sulfonating, or sulfo-halogenating a feed comprising paraffin, by subjecting a mixture comprising the feed and a reagent selected from the group consisting of sulfonating agents, halogenating agents, and combinations thereof to a shear rate of at least 20,000 s?1 to produce a high-shear treated product; cooling the high shear-treated product by heat exchange with a heat transfer medium, to produce a cooled product; and separating the high shear-treated product into an offgas and a liquid product comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of sulfonated paraffins, halogenated paraffins, and sulfo-halogenated paraffins. A high shear system for the production of halogenated, sulfonated, or sulfo-halogenated paraffin is also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity and a detergent. The invention further relates to a process to prepare the detergent, and the use of the lubricating composition in a mechanical device such as an internal combustion engine, or a driveline device.

Abstract: Methods of producing compositions of trans-4-amino-2-cyclopentene-1-carboxylic acid derivatives are described. Also described is an amine salt of a compound having formula A, having components present in both cis and trans structures.

Abstract: A process for preparing solid alkaline earth metal salts of secondary paraffinsulphonic acids is claimed. This process comprises converting an aqueous solution of a secondary paraffinsulphonic acid and an alkaline earth metal hydroxide into solid form by spray drying.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of exchanging nanostructures from within aqueous liquid media into organic liquid media. The steps comprise first supplying solid nanostructures in an aqueous liquid media, adjusting the pH, incorporating an ionic surfactant sufficient to reduce nanostructure aggregation, followed by concentrating the nanostructures in the aqueous liquid media. The nanostructures may them be placed in organic liquid media followed by introduction of a coupling agent capable of covalent attachment to the nanostructure surface while providing a functional group capable of polymerization to covalently bond the nanostructures to a selected monomer and/or polymer resin.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuous sulfonization of discrete articles comprising a feeder box for drying the discrete articles with ultra-dry air, a sulfonization chamber for treating the discrete articles with sulfur trioxide gas, a conveyor assembly for transporting the discrete articles from the feeder box to the sulfonization chamber, and a neutralizing tank for treating the discrete articles with neutralizing fluid. The sulfonization chamber includes a rotating dial plate with a circular periphery and an upper surface extending radially from and rotatable about a center axis (A) for receiving the discrete articles at the circular periphery. A plurality of arcuate guides extend perpendicularly from a guide arm toward the rotating dial plate and are spaced radially outward from one another along a radial (R) extending radially from the center axis (A) for moving the discrete articles radially inward in a spiral path during rotation of the rotating dial plate.

Abstract: Methods of preparing sulfate salts of heteroatomic compounds using dialkyl sulfates as a primary reactant are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of making ionic liquids from the sulfate salts of the heteroatomic compound, and electrochemical cells comprising the ionic liquids.

Abstract: Metallic dihydroxybenzenedisulfonates are prepared, preferably from alkaline metals, from corresponding dihydroxybenzenedisulfonic acids, by reacting the dihydroxybenzenedisulfonic acid present in a sulfuric medium with an adequate amount of a salt including a sulfate or hydrogenosulfate anion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a stereoisomer or a mixture in all proportions of stereoisomers thereof, in particular a mixture of enantiomers, such as a racemic mixture, wherein R represents a (C1-C6)alkyl or (C1-C6)alkenyl group, optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen among an halogen atom, ORa, SRb, NRcRd, PO(ORe)(ORf), CO2Rg, SO2Rh SO3R1, P0(0H)(CH(0H)Rk), CN, N3 and NH—C(?NH)NH2, with Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd, representing, independently of each other, an hydrogen atom, a (C1-C6)alkyl group or a —CO—(C1-C6)alkyl group, Re, Rf, Rg, Rh and R1 representing, independently of each other, an hydrogen atom or a (C1-C6)alkyl group, and Rk representing an aryl or heteroaryl group, said group being optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from an halogen atom and NO2, as well as to the use thereof and to a process for preparing such a compound, to a pharmaceutical composition containing it and to synthesis intermediates.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of exchanging nanostructures from within aqueous liquid media into organic liquid media. The steps comprise first supplying solid nanostructures in an aqueous liquid media, adjusting the pH, incorporating an ionic surfactant sufficient to reduce nanostructure aggregation, followed by concentrating the nanostructures in the aqueous liquid media. The nanostructures may them be placed in organic liquid media followed by introduction of a coupling agent capable of covalent attachment to the nanostructure surface while providing a functional group capable of polymerization to covalently bond the nanostructures to a selected monomer and/or polymer resin.

Abstract: A positive photosensitive composition includes at least one compound that when exposed to actinic rays or radiation, generates any of the sulfonic acids of general formula (I) and a resin whose solubility in an alkali developer is increased by the action of an acid, wherein each of X1 and X2 independently represents a fluorine atom or a fluoroalkyl group, R1 represents a group with a polycyclic structure, provided that the polycyclic structure may have a substituent, and R2 represents a hydrogen atom, a chain alkyl group, a monocyclic alkyl group, a group with a polycyclic structure or a monocyclic aryl group, provided that each of the chain alkyl group, monocyclic alkyl group, polycyclic structure and monocyclic aryl group may have a substituent, and provided that R1 and R2 may be bonded to each other to thereby form a polycyclic structure.

Abstract: A compound represented by general formula (I); and a compound represented by general formula (b1-1). wherein Q1 represents a divalent linkage group or a single bond; Y1 represents an alkylene group which may have a substituent or a fluorinated alkylene group which may have a substituent; X represents a cyclic group of 3 to 30 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and has an —SO2— bond in the structure thereof; M+ represents an alkali metal ion; and A+ represents an organic cation.

Abstract: A method for halogenating, sulfonating, or sulfo-halogenating a feed comprising paraffin, by subjecting a mixture comprising the feed and a reagent selected from the group consisting of sulfonating agents, halogenating agents, and combinations thereof to a shear rate of at least 20,000 s?1 to produce a high-shear treated product; cooling the high shear-treated product by heat exchange with a heat transfer medium, to produce a cooled product; and separating the high shear-treated product into an offgas and a liquid product comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of sulfonated paraffins, halogenated paraffins, and sulfo-halogenated paraffins. A high shear system for the production of halogenated, sulfonated, or sulfo-halogenated paraffin is also provided.

Abstract: A process for compressing a hydrogen-sulfide-comprising gas stream, which comprises (i) compressing the hydrogen-sulfide-comprising gas stream in a compressor, (ii) flushing the compressor with a mixture comprising dialkyl polysulfides, dialkyl disulfides and at least one amine; a process for producing sulfur compounds, selected from the group consisting of alkylmercaptans, dialkyl disulfides and alkanesulfonic acids, which comprises the conversion of hydrogen-sulfide-comprising gas streams, wherein the hydrogen-sulfide-comprising gas streams are compressed according to the process comprising steps i) and ii); and also the use of a mixture comprising dialkyl polysulfides, dialkyl disulfides and at least one amine for removing sulfur deposits which occur in the compression of hydrogen-sulfide-comprising gas streams.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved method for releasing an organic acid, preferably a carbon, sulfone or phosphone acid, particularly an alpha or beta hydroxycarbon acid, from the ammonia salt thereof by releasing and removing ammoniac and simultaneous extraction of the released acid, having an amine as a suitable extraction means from the aqueous phase. This method corresponds to a reactive extraction. The reactive extraction of an organic acid from the aqueous ammonia salt solution thereof can be significantly improved by the use of a strip medium or carrier gas, such as nitrogen, air, water vapor or inert gases such as argon. The released ammoniac is removed from the aqueous solution by the continuous gas flow and can be resupplied into a production process. The free acid can be obtained by a method such as distillation, rectification, crystallization, reextraction, chromatography, adsorption or by a membrane method from the extraction means.

Abstract: This invention relates to a crystalline molecular sieve having, in its as-synthesized form, an X-ray diffraction pattern including d-spacing maxima at 13.18±0.25 and 12.33±0.23 Angstroms, wherein the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 13.18±0.25 Angstroms is at least as great as 90% of the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 12.33±0.23 Angstroms. This invention also relates to a method of making thereof.

Abstract: One subject of the invention is a dimethyl disulphide in which the content of biocarbon is at least 1%. Another subject of the invention is processes for preparing this dimethyl disulphide. Yet another subject of the invention is the use of such a dimethyl disulphide for the manufacture of methanesulphonic acid.

Abstract: The subject invention provides: a method for producing vinyl sulfonic acid, comprising conducting demetallation of vinyl sulfonate salt, wherein the demetallation rate is not less than 95% according to the following formula: Demetallation rate(%)={(acid value after demetallation)/(acid value before demetallation)}×100; a method for producing vinyl sulfonic acid, comprising conducting demetallation of vinyl sulfonate salt, wherein demetallation is carried out using a strongly acidic ion exchange resin; and said method further comprising the step of purifying a product of the demetallation using a thin film evaporator.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for producing light colored polyalkylated arylalkyl sulfonic acids. The polyalkylated arylalkyl sulfonic acids may be further neutralized with alkalis or amines to form the corresponding light colored sulfonated salts. The present invention also makes manufacture of polyalkylated arylalkyl sulfonic acids possible as first intent products using an inexpensive and simple reaction. The structure of the polyalkylated arylalkyl sulfonic acids produced using the process described in the present invention is shown below: Where R1, R2 and R3 are each separately and independently H, alkyl (branched or linear C1 to C30), R4?CH3(CH2)oCH(CH2)pCH3 m+n=4 to 28 o+p=3 to 27.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a sulfonate ester efficiently and in high yield. The present invention is an invention of a method for producing a sulfonate ester compound, which comprising reacting: (a) a compound having a sulfo group (—SO3H); and (b) a compound having a group represented by the general formula [1]: —OR1??[1] [wherein, R1 represents a sulfonyl group represented by the general formula [2]: —SO2—R2??[2] (wherein, R2 represents a halogen atom, a haloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, or an optionally substituted alkyl group or an optionally substituted aryl group) or an acyl group represented by the general formula [3]: (wherein, R3 represents an optionally substituted alkyl group or an optionally substituted aryl group)]; in the presence of an organic base which is capable of forming a salt with said sulfo group.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for producing polyalkylated arylalkyl sulfonic acids by reacting arylalkyl sulfonic acids with olefins. The polyalkylated arylalkyl sulfonic acids may be further neutralized with alkalis or amines to form the corresponding sulfonated salts. The present invention also makes possible manufacture of polyalkylated arylalkyl sulfonic acids as first intent products using an inexpensive and simple reaction. The structure of the polyalkylated arylalkyl sulfonic acids produced using the process described in the present invention is shown below: Where R1, R2 and R3 are each separately and independently H, alkyl (branched or linear C1 to C30), (—CH2CH2O)a, (—CH(CH3)CH2O)b, or (—CH2CH2O)c(—CH2(CH3)CH2O)d, m+n=8 to 28 R4=CH2CH3, CH2CH3Y or Y(CH2)pCH(CH2)qY p+q=0 to 27 a=1 to 30 b=1 to 30 c+d=2 to 30 Y=CH3, COOH, CH2OH, CH2(—CH2CH2O)a, CH2(—CH(CH3)CH2O)b, CH2(—CH2CH2O)c(—CH2(CH3)CH2O)d, aromatic, or substituted aromatic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the synthesis of antibacterial compounds such as Chloramphenicol and its analogues Thiamphenicol and Florfenicol and particularly to a new reaction for the preparation of the intermediate compound aminodiolphenylsulfone. This reaction permits the introduction of modified residues to obtain modified antibiotics with an improved stability towards the action of bacterial resistant determinants. In addition, higher purities may be also obtained due to an improved procedure requiring fewer purification steps.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for producing polyalkylated arylalkyl sulfonic acids by reacting arylalkyl sulfonic acids with olefins. The polyalkylated arylalkyl sulfonic acids may be further neutralized with alkalis or amines to form the corresponding sulfonated salts. The present invention also makes possible manufacture of polyalkylated arylalkyl sulfonic acids as first intent products using an inexpensive and simple reaction. The structure of the polyalkylated arylalkyl sulfonic acids produced using the process described in the present invention is shown below: Where R1, R2 and R3 are each separately and independently H, alkyl (branched or linear C1 to C30), (—CH2CH2O)a, (—CH(CH3)CH2O)b, or (—CH2CH2O)c(—CH2(CH3)CH2O)d, m+n=8 to 28 R4=CH2CH3, CH2CH3Y or Y(CH2)pCH(CH2)qY p+q=0 to 27 a=1 to 30 b=1 to 30 c+d=2 to 30 Y=CH3, COOH, CH2OH, CH2(—CH2CH2O)a, CH2(—CH(CH3)CH2O)b, CH2(—CH2CH2O)c(—CH2(CH3)CH2O)d, aromatic, or substituted aromatic.

Abstract: A method for making the phosphonium sulfonate salt of generic formula (1): wherein each X is independently a halogen or hydrogen, provided that the molar ratio of halogen to hydrogen is greater than about 0.90; p is 0 or 1 and q and r are integers of 0 to about 7 provided that q+r is less than 8 and that if p is not zero then r is greater than zero; and each R is the same or different hydrocarbon radical containing 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, the method comprising combining in an aqueous medium a compound of generic formula (2): wherein M is Li or Na, and X, q, p, and r are as defined above, with a stoichiometric excess of a compound of the generic formula (3): (R)4P-Z??(3) wherein Z is a halogen and R is as defined above; and separating the product of formula (1) from the medium.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing surfactant granulates, comprising (a) providing a mixture of anionic surfactant acids and builder acids having a weight ratio of 1:100 to 1:20 of builder acid to surfactant acid; and (b) contacting the mixture with at least one solid neutralizing agent. The builder acid is selected from citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, oxalic acid, gluconic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, aspartic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, aminotrimethylenephosphonic acid, hydroxyethanediphosphonic acid, polyaspartic acids, polyacrylic acids, polymethacrylic acids, or copolymers thereof and has a particle size below 200 ?m.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing metal salts of radical-polymerizable compounds with reduced amount of water in the below-mentioned component (A) by subjecting an aqueous solution of an alkali-metal salt, alkali earth-metal salt, or a zinc salt of the radical-polymerizable compound (A) to heating under a reduced pressure in the presence of an aqueous polymerization inhibitor for removal of aqueous components by distillation from aforementioned compounds (A).

Abstract: A low shear mechanical granulation process for the production of detergent granules, the process comprising contacting an acid precursor of an anionic surfactant, a non-surfactant acid and a solid carbonated neutralising agent wherein the solid carbonated neutralizing agent has a d3,2 average particle size no more than 90 ?m, preferably no more than 80 ?m, more preferably no more than 70 ?m, still more preferably no more than 60 ?m, yet more preferably no more than 50 ?m and especially no more than 40 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of alkanesulfonic acid. More particularly, the present invention relates to a process for the production of alkanesulfonic acid from alkyl mercaptan effluents generated in chemical industries. The process of the invention comprises the oxidation of the entire alkyl mercaptan generated as an effluent in the chemical industries to serve two concomitant purposes: (1) complete removal of obnoxious odor, and (2) value addition by the production of alkanesulfonic acids selectively in quantitative yields.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for preparing 4-(2-sulfoethylcyclohexane)-1,2-diol sodium salt, at ambient condition and in the presence of a buffer and an initiator, from vinylcyclohexane-1,2-diol. Also disclosed is a process for preparing 3-(2-sulfoethyl) hexanedioic acid, sodium salt by oxidizing 4-(2-sulfoethylcyclohexane)-1,2 diol sodium salt with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of tungstic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing obesity, comprising novel crystalline sibutramine methanesulfonate hemihydrate of formula (I).

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the continuous drying of a hydrocarbon stream and comprises contacting the hydrocarbon stream with an ionic, liquid drying agent of a salt of a fluorinated sulphonic acid.

Abstract: A process that can be used for manufacturing a tetraalkylonium perfluoroalkylsulfonate is provided. The process comprises contacting a tetraalkylonium halide with a metal perfluoroalkyl sulfonate to produce a mixture; allowing the second mixture to produce an aqueous upper layer and a separate lower liquid layer; separating the lower liquid layer from the upper aqueous layers to produce a product layer; optionally washing the product layer with 1 to 10 volumes of water, based on the volume of the product layer at a temperature of about 50° C. to about 100° C. to produce a washed product layer; and drying the product layer or washed product.

Abstract: The present invention seeks to provide novel tetraarylethylene compounds which are substituted on the aryl rings ortho to the ethylenic carbon atoms and processes for the preparation for such compounds. The compounds have potential use as molecular templates.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of highly pure 2-Methyl-2-propene-1-sulfonic acid, sodium salt in high yield, with very low iron content, by the reaction of distilled sulfur trioxide complexed with a Lewis base in a halogentated solvent, the unreacted sulfur trioxide vapors being removed from the reactor before the mixture is treated with liquefied isobutylene, and neutralization by a base with an iron content within the range of 0 to 20 ppm.

Abstract: Low overbased alkaline earth metal alkylaryl sulfonate having a Total Base Number of from about 2 to about 30, a dialkylate content of 0% to about 25% and a monoalkylate content of about 75% to about 90% or more, wherein the alkylaryl moiety is alkyltoluene or alkylbenzene in which the alkyl group is a C15-C21 branched chain alkyl group derived from a propylene oligomer are useful as lubricating oil additives.

Abstract: A process for preparing alkanesulfonic acids from dialkyl sulfites comprises the following steps: rearrangement of dialkyl sulfite in the presence of a suitable catalyst to form the corresponding alkyl alkanesulfonate and hydrolysis of the resulting alkyl alkanesulfonate to give the corresponding alkanesulfonic acid.

Abstract: In order to reduce the content of sulphuric acid in an alkanesulphonic acid, an aqueous solution of the latter is brought into contact with a basic anion-exchange resin. The invention relates more particularly to the purification of 70% methanesulphonic acid.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid anhydride by the steps of (1) forming a mixed anhydride comprising a trifluoromethanesulfonyl acyl residue and a carboxyl residue by contacting trifluoromethanesulfonic acid or a derivative thereof with a carboxyl compound selected from ketene, dialkyl ketenes, carboxylic acids, and derivatives of carboxylic acids and (2) subjecting the mixed anhydride to reactive distillation wherein the mixed anhydride undergoes disproportionation to produce triflic anhydride and a higher boiling carboxylic acid anhydride.

Abstract: A process for preparing phenoxyphenylsulfonyl halides, which are useful intermediates for the preparation of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors.

Abstract: A granular detergent product is made by contacting a liquid binder and a solid neutralizing agent. The binder has an acidic component comprising an anionic surfactant acidic precursor and an inorganic acid. The inorganic acid is at least 2.5% by weight of the acidic component. The neutralizing agent and at least some of the binder are granulated in a low-shear granulator.

Abstract: A method for hydrolysis of a sulphonic acid ester in a hydrocarbon substrate by aqueous extraction of the hydrocarbon substrate, comprising steps of contacting the hydrocarbon substrate with an aqueous phase containing an ammonia salt, thereby hydrolyzing the sulphonic acid ester to the corresponding sulphonic acid; and recovering the sulphonic acid by separating the aqueous phase from the hydrocarbon substrate.

Abstract: The process for the preparation of methanesulfonic acid by reacting sulfite ions within an aqueous system with dimethyl sulfate at an elevated temperature and adding a strong acid subsequently, wherein the molar ratio of sulfite ions to dimethyl sulfate is 1.5 to 2.5:1, preferably 2:1, and the reaction charge is maintained at said elevated temperature for at least 2 h, preferably 4 h.

Abstract: A process for producing a detergent powder or a composition therefore involving partial granulation in a high or low shear granulator followed by granulation in a very low shear mixer, for example a fluid bed is disclosed. The process allows powders to be produced over a wide range of bulk densities without the use of a spray-drying step.

Abstract: Low base number (LBN) sulphonates derived from high molecular weight sulphonic acids have low viscosity, are chloride free and are not skin sensitisers. In their preparation, neutralisation of high molecular weight sulphonic acids or partially neutralised soaps of high molecular weight sulphonic acids is completed by the use of a high base number sulphonate in conjunction with a carboxylic acid. The process does not require the use of chloride containing promoters and produces low chloride products which do not skin on exposure to air.

Abstract: A process for the oxidation of organosulphur compounds with hydrogen peroxide is provided. The process employs solid supported polyacids comprising tungsten, molybdenum and/or vanadium as catalysts. The supports are selected from compounds, preferably oxides, of Group IIa, IIb, IIIb, IVa and IVb elements, and strong base ion exchange resins. Certain embodiments of the process provide for the oxidation of sulphides to sulphoxides or sulphones, particularly for the oxidation of penicillins to penicillin sulphoxides. Other embodiments of the process provide for the selective oxidation of thiols to sulphoxides.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of alkanesulphonic acids by photooxidation of sulphur-containing derivatives (thiols, sulphides, disulphides).The operation is carried out in solution in aqueous or alcoholic acetonitrile, with a light source irradiating between 200 and 400 nm.