Abstract: In a process for preparing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of an ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, a) a transition metal-alkene complex is reacted with CO2 to give a metallalactone, b) the metallalactone is reacted with a base to give an adduct of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of the ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid with the transition metal complex, and c) the adduct is reacted with an alkene to release the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of the ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and regenerate the transition metal-alkene complex. The base is selected from alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides and alkali metal or alkaline earth metal superbases. The alkene is, for example, ethene. The transition metal complex comprises, for example, nickel and a bidentate P,P, P,N, P,O or P,carbene ligand, such as 1,2-bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)ethane.

Abstract: A method and product to detect a starting edge of a roll of material are described. The roll of material includes a composition, an apparatus, or a combination thereof, which provides the detectable edge.

Abstract: Stable and non hygroscopic salts consisting of lower alkanoyl-L-carnitine magnesium citrates are disclosed which are suitable for preparing solid compositions useful as dietary/nutritional supplements for human use and as fodder supplement for veterinary purposes.

Abstract: A method for producing 3-methyl-2-pentene which is substantially free of any other C.sub.6 olefin, except 2-ethyl-1-butene, by first producing a stream that contains 2-ethyl-1-butene from the trimerization of ethylene, and second by recovering the 2-ethyl-1-butene as 3-methyl-2-pentene via etherification, separation of the ether, and decomposition of the ether back to predominantly 3-methyl-2-pentene with some 2-ethyl-1-butene.

Abstract: A method for producing 3-methyl-2-pentene which is substantially free of any other C.sub.6 olefin, except 2-ethyl-1-butene, by first producing a stream that contains 2-ethyl-1-butene from the trimerization of ethylene, and second by recovering the 2-ethyl-1-butene as 3-methyl-2-pentene via etherification, separation of the ether, and decomposition of the ether back to predominantly 3-methyl-2-pentene with some 2-ethyl-1-butene.

Abstract: Liquid telechelic polymers are made from dienes and are produced via anionic polymerization. While having low molecular weight, for example less than 15,000, the telechelic polymers are generally gel-free, have high amounts of trans-1,4 structure, low vinyl unsaturation and low bulk viscosities. The liquid telechelic polymers are made utilizing a trimetallic initiator comprised of (1) an organopolylithium compound and (2) a complex of a trialiphatic substituted aluminum compound or derivative thereof and a barium salt of an organic alcohol.

Abstract: Zinc compounds of formula IICF.sub.3 CCl.sub.2 ZnCl.yL (II)wherein y is 1 or 2 and L is a solvent ligand selected from the group of the N-disubstituted acid amides, N-substituted lactams and the organic sulfoxides, are suitable for reaction with CO.sub.2, COS or SO.sub.2 to give, after working up, the acids of formula ICF.sub.3 CCl.sub.2 --X (I)wherein X is --CO.sub.2 H, --CSOH or --SO.sub.2 H, in good yield.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing alpha-beta and beta-gamma unsaturated monocarboxylic acids having electron withdrawing, electrophilic substituents at the site of unsaturation. The acids are prepared by reacting metal salts of the unsaturated acids with strong mineral acids under substantially anhydrous conditions.