Abstract: Amidamines of the following formula are described: ##STR1## where R is independently hydrogen or lower alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;R' is an alkyl group if k is 1, or an alkylene group if k is greater than 1; where R' has 2 to 18 carbon atoms;R" is independently lower alkylene of 2 to 4 carbon atoms;R'" is independently straight or branched lower alkylene of 2 to 6 carbon atoms;x is independently 1 to 200;y is independently 1 to 300;z is independently 1 to 200;p is independently 2 to 11; andk is from 1 to 8; where the x and z groups may be distributed in blocks or randomly.These compositions are made by reacting a cyclic lactam with an etheramine. Incorporation of increasing quantities of the polyetherpolyamine did not decrease the crystalline melting point (T.sub.m) of the resulting copolymer. The polyamidopolyfunctional amines (poly(amide-ether-amide) triblock copolymers) have a relatively low modulus and retain higher use temperatures than current polyetheramide segment block copolymers.

Abstract: A peptide derivative amphiphatic compound or N-terminal salt thereof represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl or acyl group having 8 to 24 carbon atoms optionally having a substituent or an unsaturated group; X represents --O--or --NH--; R.sup.3n and R.sup.3(n+1) each represents an .alpha.--amino acid side chain; n is an integer of from 0 to 5; the compound may be a racemic compound or an optically active compound when the compound has an asymmetric carbon atom; and the N-terminal salt of the compound optionally forms with an acid component; an intermediate thereof, a liposome comprising said peptide derivative amphiphatic compound and a film consisting of a monolayer or multilayers comprising the peptide derivative amphiphatic compound are disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## can advantageously be prepared by reacting compounds the formula II ##STR2## in which the substituents R.sup.1 -R.sup.4 have the meanings given, with the anhydride of the formula III ##STR3## in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide and the acid corresponding to the anhydride of the formula III.

Abstract: Fluorinated arachidonic derivatives are 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors which have the useful pharmacologic activity as antiallergy and anti-inflammatory agents and are useful for treating, for example, asthma, anaphylaxis, allergy, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis and cardiovascular diseases.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the formation of N-(l-alkoxyalkyl)amides with coproduction of alkylidene bisamides. The N-(l-alkoxyalkyl)formamides of this invention are prepared by reacting formamide with an acetal or hemiacetal carboxylate ester represented by the formulas below in the presence of a solid acid ion exchange resin wherein the acid groups have been neutralized with an amine compound having a pKa (as the protonated amine in water) from about 4 to 9. The hemiacetal ester is represented by formula I and the acetal is represented by formula II. ##STR1## In the above formulas, R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, aralkyl or aryl; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, or aryl; and R.sub.3 is secondary or tertiary alkyl having from 3-8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Fluorinated arachidonic derivatives are 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors which have the useful pharmacologic activity as antiallergy and anti-imflammatory agents and are useful for treating, for example, asthma, anaphylaxis, allergy, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis.

Abstract: The bis-homotris compounds 4-amino-4-[1-(3-hydroxypropyl)]-1,7-heptanediol and 4-[1-(3-aminopropyl)]-4-[1-(3-hydroxypropyl)]-1, 7-heptanediol, and organic synthetic methods for their preparation are described. Unique multifunctional aminotriols, as well as their percursors, quaternary nitroalkanes are disclosed as building blocks for unimolecular micelles, as well as new series of cascade polymers. The quaternary nitro compounds which are disclosed allow the synthesis of a new aminotriol containing a quaternary carbon.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method which comprises introducing into a reaction zone a feed which comprises a hydroxyl compound reactant, R"OH at least one amide reactant selected from R--CONH.sub.2 and R--CONHR', and a Lewis base as catalyst, thereby reacting R"OH with said amide reactant to produce a reaction mixture containing at least one disubstituted amide selected from R--CONR".sub.2 and R--CONR'R", whereineach of R, R' and R" contains no acetylenic unsaturation and 1 to 30 carbon atoms;each of R, R' and R" is selected from a hydrocarbyl groups and a hydrocarbyl group that is substituted with a group selected from carbamoyl, hydrocarbylcarbamoyl, dihydrocarbylcarbamoyl, and hydroxyl.

Abstract: An N-(mercaptoalkyl).omega.-hydroxyalkylamide having the formula, ##STR1## wherein n is 2 or 3 and m is 2 or 5 inclusive is employed as a reducing agent in the first stage reducing operation of permanently deforming hair.

Abstract: The present invention presents a method for preparation of S-3,4-dihydroxy butyronitrile expressed by the structural formula (II) ##STR1## characterized by causing R-3-chloro-1,2-propanediol expressed by the structural formula (I) ##STR2## to react with a cyanating agent. According to this invention, optically active 3,4-dihydroxy butyronitrile and 3,4-dihydroxy butyric acid derivatives may be manufactured economically and efficiently.

Abstract: Cyclohexenone derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 have the meanings given in the disclosure, and their use for controlling unwanted plant growth.

Abstract: Disclosed is a diacetylene compound comprising, as structural units, (a) at least one member selected from diacetylene group-containing organic groups of the formulae (I) and (II):R.sup.I --C.tbd.C--C.tbd.C--R.sup.II -- (I)and--R.sup.III --C.tbd.C--C.tbd.C--R.sup.IV -- (II)wherein R.sup.I is hydrogen or a (C1-16) monovalent organic group, and R.sup.II, R.sup.III and R.sup.IV are a (C1-13) divalent organic group, (b) at least one organic group having at least one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and (c) at least one connecting group connecting the units (a) and (b), which connecting group is selected from amide, imide, ester, ether, amino, imino, urethane, sulfonyl and carbonyl bonds. A cured shaped article made of this compound exhibits isotropically a high elastic modulus and has excellent mechanical properties.

Abstract: An N-(mercaptoalkyl).omega.-hydroxyalkylamide having the formula, ##STR1## wherein n is 2 or 3 and m is 2 to 5 inclusive is employed as a reducing agent in the first stage reducing operation of permanently deforming hair.

Abstract: A process for preparing an optically active alcohol is disclosed, which comprises asymmetrically hydrogenating a .beta.-keto acid derivative in the presence of a ruthenium-optically active phosphine complex as a catalyst. The resulting alcohol has high optical purity.

Abstract: A synthetic lubricant comprising a compound represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Rf and Rf' represent a fluorine-containing polyoxyalkylene group, X and X' a polar group, Y of one or more selected from the group consisting of methylane, ethylene, propylene, oxygen, ketone, imino, sulfon and sulfur or no atom or group, and n an integer of 0 to 5, and a magnetic recording medium coated with this lubricant.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing ethers of alkyl alpha(hydroxymethyl)-acrylate by reacting alkyl acrylate and formaldehyde in the presence of a DABCO catalyst. The ethers may be used as cross-linking agents for thermoplastic polymers. Further, these ethers in turn enable synthesis of cyclopolymers that may show promising biological activity.

Abstract: The invention relates to the novel cyclohexanediones of formula I ##STR1## in which R is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl,A is R.sub.2, OR.sub.3 or NR.sub.3 R.sub.4,R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl that is unsubstituted or is mono-substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or mono- or poly-substituted by halogen, or is C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl,R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl, or is phenyl or benzyl each of which is unsubstituted or is mono-, di- or tri-substituted by R.sub.5,R.sub.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl,R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are, in addition, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, a pyrrolidine, morpholine or piperidine radical,B is one of the radicals ##STR2## m is 0, 1, 2 or 3, R.sub.5 is halogen, nitro, cyano, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylsulphinyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Hydroxyl terminated polymeric C.sub.5 -C.sub.9 lactone adducts are made by reacting a C.sub.5 -C.sub.9 lactone with the reaction product of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 olefin polymer or a halogenated derivative thereof having a number average molecular weight of 300 to about 10,000 with an amine containing from 2 to 60 total carbon atoms and from 1 to 12 nitrogen atoms. The resulting adducts are useful per se as oil soluble dispersant additives. They are also useful in fuel and lubricating oil compositions, as well as in concentrates and additive packages.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic radical, A is a straight-chained or branched alkylene chain containing up to 8 carbon atoms, a --CH.sub.2 -- group of which can be replaced by a cycloalkylene radical containing 3 to 7 carbon atoms, B is a straight-chained mono- or bicyclic, optionally branched, saturated or unsaturated alkylene chain containing up to 12 carbon atoms, a --CH.sub.2 -- group of which can be replaced by a cycloalkylene radical containing 3 to 7 carbon atoms and/or up to two --CH.sub.2 -- groups of which can be replaced by an oxygen or a sulphur atom or by an --S(.dbd.O) or --S(.dbd.O).sub.2 group, X is a valency bond, an oxygen atom or an --NR.sup.1 group, in which R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a straight-chained or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl or nitroxyalkyl radical containing up to 6 carbon atoms or R.sup.1, together with the nitrogen atom of the --NR.sup.

Abstract: A non-greasy skin moisturizing composition is provided which includes as the major component a compound which has the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and each may be H or lower alkyl, X is ##STR2## and n is 2 to 20, one or more preservatives and water, and optionally one or more thickeners, one or more skin soothing agents, such as allantoin and/or dl-panthenol, one or more astringents, and/or one or more colorants.

Abstract: A collector composition for use in froth flotation processes comprises two collectors. One of the collectors is preferably an N-(hydrocarbyl)-alpha, omega-alkanediamine, an (omega-aminoalkyl) hydrocarbon amide or mixture thereof. The second collector is a thiocarbonate, a thionocarbamate, a thiophosphate, thiocarbinilide, thiophosphinate, mercaptan, xanthogen formate, xanthic ester or mixture thereof. The collector composition floats a broad range of metal-containing minerals.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of 2-(hydroxyalkyl)acrylic compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein X represents a --CN group, a --COOR.sub.3 group, a --COR.sub.4 group or a --CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5 group wherein R.sub.3 is an alkyl group containing 1-4 C atoms and R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 independently represent an H atom or R.sub.3, andwherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represent an H atom or an alkyl group with 1-4 C atoms or an (hetero) aryl group, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together represent a cyclic compound with 5-12 C atomsby contacting an acrylic compound H.sub.2 C.dbd.CH--X with a carbonyl compound of the formula ##STR2## wherein X, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 denote the same as in the above, this being effected in the liquid phase in the presence of a tertiary amine, characterized in that the reaction is carried out at a pressure in excess of 500 bar in excess of 500 bar, advantageously 1,500-18,000 bar.

Abstract: Ketoester of the formula ##STR1## .alpha.-carboxylate-.omega.-acyl fluoride of the formula ##STR2## vinyl ether of the formula ##STR3## divinyl ether of the formula ##STR4## allyl ether of the formula ##STR5## and film-forming copolymers, useful as molding resins, of the vinyl ether and/or the divinyl ether or the allyl ether and a fluorinated vinyl monomer, for example, tetrafluoroethylene, wherein, in the above formulas, n is 0 to 6, p is 0 to 7, X is CO.sub.2 M, CO.sub.2 R, CO.sub.2 H, CONH.sub.2, COF, COCl or CN, M is alkali metal, ammonium or quaternary ammonium and R is C.sub.1-8 alkyl, selected copolymers, after hydrolysis, being water-wettable and dyeable, exhibiting ion-exchange properties and being useful in curable fluoroelastomer compositions and, in film form, as the membrane in a chloroalkali electrolysis cell.

Abstract: The process for preparing hydroxy alkyl amide thio ethers by the reaction of a bicyclic amide acetal with a thiol is described.

Abstract: A method of preparing boron-containing compositions is described which comprises reacting at least one hydroxy-substituted ester, amide or imide with a boron compound. Such boron-containing compositions are useful in lubricating oils and provide the lubricating oils with anti-wear and/or friction-reducing properties. The boron-containing compositions also are useful in fuel compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to material containing aldosemarcaptals of the formula I ##STR1## wherein n can be an integer from 2 to 6, and wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different, and in each case are C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alkyl, which is unsubstituted, substituted or interrupted by --O-- or --S--, or are --(CH.sub.2).sub.r --CO--N(C.sub.1 -C.sub.17 -alkyl).sub.2, r being 1 or 2, or are phenyl, benzyl or --(CH.sub.2).sub.r --CO--O--R.sup.3, in which r can be 1 or 2 and R.sup.3 is an alkali metal or C.sub.1 -C.sub.14 -alkyl; also wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are --CH.sub.2 --CH(OH)--R.sup.4, in which R.sup.4 is hydrogen, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted by --OH, or --CH.sub.2 --Y--(C.sub.1 -C.sub.15 -alkyl), in which Y is --O-- or --S--; or wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form --(CH.sub.2).sub.

Abstract: The reaction of a zinc compound compound of formula IIICF.sub.3 CCl.sub.2 ZnCl.yL (III)wherein y is 1 or 2 and L is a solvent ligand selected from the group consisting of the N-disubstituted acid amides, N-substituted lactams and organic sulfoxides, with an aldehyde of formula IIR--CHO (II)wherein R is an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical or an aliphatic or aromatic heterocyclic radical, gives 1-propanols of formula I ##STR1## in high yields.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the racemization of amino acids and derivatives thereof. The racemization process of the present invention uses an aromatic aldehyde-containing polymer made from the reaction of a hydroxy-aromatic aldehyde with a chloromethylated vinylbenzene polymer under reaction conditions to form an aromatic aldehyde-containing polymer wherein the aldehydic moiety is linked to the polymer through an ether linkage. There is also disclosed a process for the production of the racemization catalyst. Another embodiment of the invention comprises a process for the promotion of the racemization reaction wherein a tertiary amine-containing resin is used as a promoting agent.

Abstract: The process for preparing hydroxy alkyl amide thio ethers by the reaction of a bicyclic amide acetal with a thiol is described.

Abstract: Water-soluble zwitterionic compounds having clay soil removal/anti-redeposition properties. The zwitterionic compounds are selected from monozwitterionic compounds, dizwitterionic compounds, polyzwitterionic compounds, and zwitterionic polymers. These zwitterionic compounds are useful in detergent compositions at from about 0.05 to about 95% by weight. In addition to the zwitterionic compounds, the detergent compositions further comprise from about 1 to about 75% by weight of a nonionic, anionic, ampholytic, zwitterionic, or cationic detergent surfactant or mixture thereof.

Abstract: Perfluoropolyether oligomers or block polymers, having a backbone with one or a plurality of perfluoropolyether segments each consisting essentially of (1) at least one perfluoroisopropyleneoxy unit, (2) a bis(perfluoromethyleneoxy-terminated) unit, and (3) a perfluoroethylidene unit terminating each segment, the backbone of the perfluoropolyether being terminated with COF and/or a functional or nonfunctional derivative thereof, said perfluoropolyethers being made by reacting a perfluoroaliphatic diacid fluoride with hexafluoropropylene epoxide to produce an acid fluoride-terminated perfluoropolyether adduct or oligomer which then can be photopolymerized to yield an acid fluoride-terminated perfluoropolyether block polymer. These oligomers and block polymers are useful as high temperature lubricants, hydraulic fluids, gaskets, adhesives and coatings as well as co-reactants wtih urethane in forming propellant binders.

Abstract: Fatty ethers are provided which are lower alkyl ethers cyano-substituted lower alkyl ethers, ester ethers or amide ethers of fatty alcohols substituted with at least one of the following substituents: formyl, methylol, or acryloxymethyl. The substituted fatty ethers are useful as monomers in a wide variety of polymer systems.

Abstract: A process for preparing compounds (1) ##STR1## where Y is NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 or OR, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen or C.sub.1-3 alkyl, and R is C.sub.1-3 alkyl, which comprises protecting the hydroxy group of a compound (2) ##STR2## cyclising the product under basic conditions and removing the protecting group.

Abstract: A process for the production of (1) an ether or (2) a second amine comprises reacting an activated olefin with respectively an alcohol or first amine in the presence of a catalyst which is either (a) an amidine or (b) a Lewis base and epoxide. The same catalyst may also be used to carry out the reverse reaction in which an activated olefin and an alcohol or first amine are produced from the appropriate ether or second amine.

Abstract: Glyoxylylspermidine, an intermediate for 15-deoxyspergualin-related compounds, is prepared in an oxidative cleavage reaction.

Abstract: Novel .alpha.-aminoacetamides are powerful stabilizers for organic materials subject to oxygen and heat degradation, and particularly for synthetic natural rubber, synthetic ester lubricants and synthetic resinous materials. A wide range of substituents on the amine and amide N atoms, at least one of which substituents is an alkylene imine (cyclic), and an even wider range of substituents on the saturated carbon atom, yields an array of stabilizers having a wide range of compatibility in compositions comprising various synthetic resinous compounds to be stabilized.Novel syntheses are provided utilizing at least one amine nucleophilic agent, a trichloromethide ion generating agent, and an alkoxide ion generating agent, which together in the presence of aqueous alkali and an onium salt, yield novel .alpha.-aminoacetamides in which a wide choice of substituents may be introduced. The nucleophilic agent may be a primary or secondary amine, or one of each. The trichloromethide ion generating agent is a haloform.

Abstract: The invention disclosed in this application is the use of novel silanes in curable coatings to allow tinting or dyeing of the coatings after they are cured on certain substrates.An example of one such useful silane is ##STR1## The silanes and the curable coatings are also useful as antistat and antifog coatings.

Abstract: Water-soluble ethoxylated amine oxides having clay soil removal/anti-redeposition properties are disclosed herein. These amine oxides are selected from ethoxylated monoamine oxides, ethoxylated diamine oxides, ethoxylated polyamine oxides, ethoxylated amine oxide polymers, and mixtures thereof. These amine oxides are useful at from about 0.05 to about 95% by weight in detergent compositions which further comprise from about 1 to about 75% by weight of a nonionic, anionic, ampholytic, zwitterionic, or cationic detergent surfactant or mixture thereof. In addition to these detergent surfactants, the detergent composition can optionally comprise from 0 to about 80% by weight of a detergent builder.

Abstract: The compounds represented by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein m is 0, 1 or 2; p is 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13; R.sub.1 ' is hydrogen, ##STR2## and R.sub.2 ' is amino, --NHCH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 R.sub.3 ', ##STR3## --NHCH.sub.2 CONH.sub.2 or --OR.sub.3 ' wherein R.sub.3 ' is an alkyl radical containing one to six carbon atoms with the proviso that when m is 0, R.sub.1 ' is hydrogen are chemical intermediates in the synthesis of leukotriene antagonists of the formula (II) ##STR4## wherein m and p, are described above and R.sub.1 is hydrogen, amino or ##STR5## R.sub.2 is hydroxyl, amino, --NHCH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H, ##STR6## --NHCH.sub.2 CONH.sub.2 ; and X is ##STR7## --CO.sub.2 H or --CH.sub.2 OH which are useful in the treatment of diseases in which leukotrienes are a factor, such as asthma.

Abstract: N-[4-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]butyl]-2,2-dihydroxyethanamide is an immunostimulant in animals and an intermediate for synthesis of the antibiotic BMG162-aF2.

Abstract: An acetal is produced at a high yield and a high selectivity by contacting an olefin and an alcohol with each other in the presence of (a) a nitrite, (b) a platinum group metal or the salts thereof and (c) a halide at a high reaction rate without requirement of any troublesome operations for the separation, recovery and regeneration of the catalyst.

Abstract: An acetal is produced at a high yield and a high selectivity by contacting an olefin and an alcohol with each other in the presence of (a) a nitrite, (b) a platinum group metal or the salts thereof and (c) a halide at a high reaction rate without requirement of any troublesome operations for the separation, recovery and regeneration of the catalyst.

Abstract: Hydrolytically stable hydroxyl-terminated liquid polymers that are useful in the preparation of polyurethanes prepared by reacting at least one aminoalcohol with a carboxyl-terminated liquid polymer having a carbon-carbon backbone. The hydroxyl-terminated polymers have the formula ##STR1## wherein B is a carbon-carbon backbone, X is HO-- or HO--Y-- a univalent radical obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from an amine group of aminoalcohol containing one primary or secondary hydroxyl group and one primary or secondary amine group per molecule, and the polymers contain an average of greater than 1.5 terminal hydroxyl groups per molecule.

Abstract: Sulfonyl or carbonyl derivatives of inositols are found to be effective phospholipase C inhibitors and thereby potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents. These inositol derivatives are prepared by condensation of a protected inositol with a substituted sulfonic or carboxylic acid derivative followed by removal of protecting groups.

Abstract: This invention relates to the reaction products of butyrolactone and an aliphatic amine utilizable as a chain extender and curing agent for castable polyurethanes and to the process employing said products in preparing castable polyurethane elastomers and to the process for preparing the butyrolactone amine adducts. The aliphatic amine reactants employed in preparing the butyrolactoneamine adducts are defined by the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is amino (--NH.sub.2) or hydroxy (--OH); R is hydrogen (--H) or methyl (--CH.sub.3) and n has a value of 1 to 2, which amines are reacted with butyrolactone in a mole ratio of between about 1:1 and about 1:3 to provide a curing agent having superior mechanical properties and having the formula: ##STR2## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl, R' is a hydroxy group or ##STR3## and n has a value of 1 or 2.

Abstract: Process for the production of carnitine amide in the form of a chloride. The carnitine ethyl ester is obtained by reaction of 4-chloroacetoacetic acid ethyl ester with trimethyl amine and the subsequent hydrogenation is carried out with the help of a Pt/C catalyst. Such carnitine ethyl ester, without isolating it, is reacted with ammonia in an autoclave at -30.degree. to +10.degree. C. Everything is heated to 40.degree. to 80.degree. C. The mixture is stirred at such temperature at an ammoniac pressure of 8 to 24 atu. The product is filtered after cooling it to ambient temperature and counterbalancing the excess pressure. The product is then washed with alcohol and subsequently dried at 30.degree. to 50.degree. C. and at a pressure of 15 to 25 torr.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of telluroxides as mild and selective oxidizing agents serving to oxidize certain functions, notably >C.dbd.S groups, in the presence of other relatively easily oxidized functions which remain unaffected; telluroxides of interest as oxidizing agents include, for example, compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R.sup.1, which may be the same or different, each represent an optionally substituted aryl or heterocyclic group; or R and R.sup.1 together with the tellurium atom therebetween represent a heterocyclic ring, which may contain one or more further heteroatoms, and which may carry substituents and/or fused aromatic rings.

Abstract: Purified hexafluoropropylene oxide is produced by scrubbing to remove impurities that inhibit polymerization of hexafluoropropylene oxide, thus permitting the preparation of polymers having a degree of polymerization of more than 200, including end-capped and chain-extended derivatives thereof.

Abstract: Numerous alpha-carboxylic acids are prepared in a liquid medium by the reaction of an organic compound having at least one reactive hydroxyl or thiol group, with a monoketone, and a haloform, in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst and an alkali metal hydroxide. The term "alpha-alkoxycarboxylic acids" includes alpha-phenoxycarboxylic acids, alpha-thioalkoxycarboxylic acids and alpha-thiophenoxycarboxylic acids. Specific substituents on the beta carbon atom of an alpha-alkoxycarboxylic (or "2-alkoxycarboxylic") acid reaction product formed in this novel synthesis, are introduced by appropriate choice of the ketone reactant; alkoxy and phenoxy substituents on the alpha carbon atom of a 2-alkoxycarboxylic acid are introduced by appropriate choice of the organic compound having a hydroxyl or thiol group. De-alkoxylation of the 2-alkoxycarboxylic acid yields alpha-beta monoolefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids which are necessarily alpha substituted, and may also be beta-substituted.

Abstract: A fluorovinyl ether having the formulaXRfCF.sub.2 OCF.dbd.CF.sub.2 (I)wherein X represents --H, --Cl, --Br, --F, --CO.sub.2 R, --CONRR', --SO.sub.2 F, ##STR1## or --COF and R represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group; R' represents --H or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group; Rf represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 bifunctional perfluoro-containing group is produced by reacting an iodine-containing ether having the formulaXRfCF.sub.2 OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 I (II)in the presence of a catalytic component selected from the group consisting of Mg, Cu, Zn, Zn-Cu, Zn-Cd, Zn-Pd, Zn-Hg, Sn, Sb, organomagnesium compounds and organolithium compounds.