Abstract: A hydrogen sulfide donor in an organic salt form and a preparation method thereof. The hydrogen sulfide donor exists as a salt formed by organic compounds with an alkaline motif and hydrogen sulfide with weak acidity. The hydrogen sulfide donor features with a simple structure, and an easy preparation method. Moreover, hydrogen sulfide donors in different forms can be prepared according to research and development needs. After the hydrogen sulfide donor enters an organism, the process of in vivo dissociation and hydrogen sulfide supply is simple, rapid, and effective, and there is no requirement for enzyme or any other complicated condition, and thus, the hydrogen sulfide donor has a great application prospect and value.

Abstract: A method of treating insulin resistance includes administering to a subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising diethyl azelate. For example, a method of treating insulin resistance includes orally administering to a subject a pharmaceutical composition that includes diethyl azelate at a dosage range from about 0.1 mg/kg/day to about 10 mg/kg/day.

Abstract: It is reported herein that certain muscle diseases and conditions, including forms of muscular dystrophy, are characterized by impaired insulin-dependent signaling in the muscle tissue, in essence, a form of insulin resistance. The present disclosure relates to therapeutic agents, compositions and methods for treating a muscle disease or condition characterized by impaired insulin-dependent signaling by targeting components of the defective insulin signaling pathway. The disease or condition may be treated by administering a therapeutic agent that activates the insulin signaling pathway, in particular, therapeutic agents that act post-insulin receptor to modulate intracellular effector molecules. An exemplary modulator is metformin. Metformin may be administered alone or may be coadministered with another therapeutic agent for treating the muscle disease or condition, such as a corticosteroid.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for treating certain conditions, including diabetes, obesity, and other metabolic diseases, disorders or conditions by administrating a composition comprising a biguanide or related heterocyclic compound, e.g., metformin. Also provided herein are biguanide or related heterocyclic compound compositions, and methods for the preparation thereof for use in the methods of the present invention. Also provided herein are compositions comprising metformin and salts thereof and methods of use.

Abstract: A medicinal agent or a pharmaceutical composition, each of which comprises a biguanides agent or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient, and which can potentiate blood-brain barrier functions including tight junction capability and transcellular transport capability of a brain capillary endothelial cell and therefore can treat blood-brain barrier dysfunction syndrome.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for treating certain conditions, including diabetes, obesity, and other metabolic diseases, disorders or conditions by administrating a composition comprising a biguanide or related heterocyclic compound, e.g., metformin. Also provided herein are biguanide or related heterocyclic compound compositions, and methods for the preparation thereof for use in the methods of the present invention. Also provided herein are compositions comprising metformin and salts thereof and methods of use.

Abstract: Hydrophilic, biocidal coating compositions and methods to make and use the compositions are disclosed. The coatings include compounds with quaternary amine polyethylene glycol groups and polyaminoalkyl biguanide groups as substituents. The compounds when incorporated in paints provide hydrophilic, self-cleaning and biocidal property to the coating.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) or salts thereof, in which R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, X and Y are defined as in claim 1, can be prepared by a process characterized in that a compound of the formula (II) or a salt thereof, is reacted to a compound of the formula (III) or a salt thereof, and an aluminium(III) source, optionally, in the presence of a protic additive or solvent selected from the group consisting of alcohols or amines. The compounds (I) are suitable to be used for the preparation of heterocyclic compounds corresponding to (I) where the group Al(X)(Y) is replaced with an optionally substituted carbon atom, or s-triazine derivatives thereof.

Abstract: A method of converting an inactive biocide into an active biocide comprises: contacting the inactive biocide with an activating agent, wherein the activating agent is capable of chemically reacting with the inactive biocide; and causing or allowing a chemical reaction to take place between the inactive biocide and the activating agent, wherein the chemical reaction produces the active biocide. The methods can also include deactivating the active biocide via a chemical reaction between the active biocide and a deactivating agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to N,N-dimethyl imidodicarbonimidic diamide acetate, a method of preparing the same and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, and more particularly, to N,N-dimethyl imidodicarbonimidic diamide acetate which is a crystalline acid addition salt prepared by reacting N,N-dimethyl imidodicarbonimidic diamide with acetic acid, and which is very effective as a therapeutic agent for treating metabolic syndromes that glycosuria and diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, coronary heart disease, osteoporosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, a cancer depleted of gene P53, etc. are complexly occurred; treating diabetes mellitus and preventing its complication; and treating a cancer and preventing myalgia, muscle cell cytotoxicity and rhabdomyolysis, etc. since the acid addition salt is excellent in physicochemical properties such as solubility, stability, non-hygroscopicity, anti-adhering property, etc.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the treatment of muscular dysfunction or increasing muscle strength and/or decreasing muscle fatigue in a subject using a composition that includes a biguanide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, e.g., at a low dosage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, intermediates used in the preparation of such compounds, processes for the preparation of such compounds of the formula VI and formula VII and such intermediates, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds of the formula VI and such compounds of the formula VII, and the uses of such compounds of the formula VI and such compounds of the formula VII as antidiabetic, pre-antidiabetic, antiobesity and cardioprotective agents.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for treating certain conditions, including diabetes, obesity, and other metabolic diseases, disorders or conditions by administrating a composition comprising a biguanide or related heterocyclic compound, e.g., metformin. Also provided herein are biguanide or related heterocyclic compound compositions, and methods for the preparation thereof for use in the methods of the present invention. Also provided herein are compositions comprising metformin and salts thereof and methods of use.

Abstract: A biguanide derivative compound with N4-N5 substitution, which is represented by Formula 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a method of preparing the same, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same as an active ingredient are provided. The biguanide derivative may exhibit excellent effect on activation of AMPK and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in a low dose, compared with conventional drugs, and thus, may be useful to treat diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, fatty liver, coronary artery disease, osteoporosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, metabolic syndrome, cancer, etc.

Abstract: A biguanide derivative compound with N1-N5 substitution, which is represented by Formula 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a method of preparing the same, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same as an active ingredient are provided. The biguanide derivative may exhibit excellent effect on activation of AMPK? and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in a low dose, compared to conventional drugs, and thus, may be useful to treat diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, fatty liver, coronary artery disease, osteoporosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, metabolic syndrome, cancer, etc.

Abstract: Provided are compounds that are capable of modulating the activity of the influenza A virus via interaction with the M2 transmembrane protein. Also provided are methods for treating an influenza A-affected disease state or infection comprising administering a composition comprising one or more compounds that have been identified as being capable of interaction with the M2 protein.

Abstract: The invention concerns an oral galenic form for prolonged release of anti-hyperglycaemic (metformin) active principles. Said medicine enables to obtain an efficient therapeutic protection over 24 hours by overcoming the problems of bypass of the absorption window and the massive localised release of active principles. Therefor, said medicine comprises several thousand anti-hyperglycaemic (metformin) microcapsules each consisting of a core comprising at least an anti-hyperglycaemic agent and of a coating film applied on the core and enabling the prolonged release in vivo of the anti-hyperglycaemic agent. Said microcapsules have a grain size distribution ranging between 50 and 100 microns. The reproducibility of the transit kinetics and hence of bioavailability are very high. There results for the patient a lesser risk of hyperglycaemic or hypoglycaemic. The invention also concerns the preparation of said medicine and the use of a plurality of said microcapsules for making an anti-hyperglycaemic medicine.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of preserving the integrity of peptides in the gut. In particular it concerns the use of certain compounds as inhibitors of gut proteases. Compounds identified as having gut protease inhibitory activity are biguanides, certain bile acids and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of these compounds. This activity makes these compounds useful for co-administration with prophylactic or therapeutic peptides. This invention relates to methods of inhibiting gut proteases and peptide formulations comprising these gut protease inhibitor.

Abstract: Use of vaginal insulin sensitising agents for the prevention and/or treatment of hyperandrogenism and/or polycystic ovary syndrome and/or related disorders.

Abstract: The present invention provides a controlled release pharmaceutical composition which exhibits reduced food effect.

Abstract: The present invention relates to N,N-dimethyl imidodicarbonimidic diamide acetate, a method of preparing the same and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, and more particularly, to N,N-dimethyl imidodicarbonimidic diamide acetate which is a crystalline acid addition salt prepared by reacting N,N-dimethyl imidodicarbonimidic diamide with acetic acid, and which is very effective as a therapeutic agent for treating metabolic syndromes that glycosuria and diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, coronary heart disease, osteoporosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, a cancer depleted of gene P53, etc. are complexly occurred; treating diabetes mellitus and preventing its complication; and treating a cancer and preventing myalgia, muscle cell cytotoxicity and rhabdomyolysis, etc. since the acid addition salt is excellent in physicochemical properties such as solubility, stability, non-hygroscopicity, anti-adhering property, etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to metformin glycinate salt and pharmaceutical compositions thereof for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The method includes administration of the metformin glycinate salt by various routes selected from oral, intravenous injectable, intramuscular injectable, nasal, intraperitoneal, or sublingual, in order to achieve a reduction in blood glucose levels. The invention further relates to the synthesis of a new 1,1-dimethylbiguanide glycinate salt, called Metformin Glycinate. The resulting salt exhibits advantages over other metformin salts. These advantages are due, in the first place, to the fact that the glycine counterion exhibits hypoglycemic effects by itself. Moreover, the salt exhibits more rapid absorption, reaching higher plasma concentrations than those produced with metformin hydrochloride.

Abstract: Polyamine, polyamine/guanidino, and polyamine/biguanide compounds bearing allene, propargyl, cyclopropyl, and other reactive moieties are disclosed. The compounds are useful as irreversible inhibitors of the enzyme lysine-specific demethylase-1 and for the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel antimicrobial agents that are based on ?-lactam derivatives and are produced by reacting previously known ?-lactam derivatives with polyphenol oxidase substrates under the influence of free radicals and by forming salts of any ?-lactam derivatives with polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrogen carbonate. Said novel compounds are suitable as an antibiotic.

Abstract: A process for reducing dimethylamine content in metformin hydrochloride is disclosed. The process comprises: (a) providing metformin hydrochloride having dimethylamine content more than 15 ppm; (b) pulverizing the metformin hydrochloride; (c) slurrying the metformin hydrochloride in one or more C1-C4 alcohol solvents; and (d) isolating the metformin hydrochloride.

Abstract: Provided is a method of treating a patient having an inflammatory disease by using a compound which inhibits the complex I-mediated ROS production, a medicament containing such compound and methods for screening for such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to N,N-dimethyl imidodicarbonimidic diamide acetate, a method of preparing the same and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, and more particularly, to N,N-dimethyl imidodicarbonimidic diamide acetate which is a crystalline acid addition salt prepared by reacting N,N-dimethyl imidodicarbonimidic diamide with acetic acid, and which is very effective as a therapeutic agent for treating metabolic syndromes that glycosuria and diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, coronary heart disease, osteoporosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, a cancer depleted of gene P53, etc. are complexly occurred; treating diabetes mellitus and preventing its complication; and treating a cancer and preventing myalgia, muscle cell cytotoxicity and rhabdomyolysis, etc. since the acid addition salt is excellent in physicochemical properties such as solubility, stability, non-hygroscopicity, anti-adhering property, etc.

Abstract: Polyethyleneimine and polyalkylene biguanide ligand functionalized substrates, methods of making ligand functionalized substrates, and methods of using functionalized substrates are disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to ready-to-use cosmetic compositions for permanently shaping keratin fibers comprising, as a permanent hair-shaping active agent, an imine not belonging to the hydroxide family. The disclosure also provides kits comprising compartments to be placed in contact to form the ready-to-use compositions, and processes using these compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to biguanide derivatives of formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 have the meanings as given in claim (1). Compounds are useful in the treatment of pathologies associated with hyperglycaemia, such as diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of formula III, method of making the same and its use in the treatment of diabetes.

Abstract: A synthesis method which comprises reacting NH group-containing compounds with thiocyanates, cyanamides, nitrites or esters in the presence of a silylating agent to synthesize the corresponding nitrogen-containing addition or substitution products. This method not only enables the direct and efficient synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds including isothioureas, guanidines, amidines and amides, but it also has a wide range of applications and is suitable for large-scale synthesis.

Abstract: Biguanide/quaternary ammonium compounds and the use of same as antimicrobial agents in pharmaceutical compositions are described. The biguanide/quaternary ammonium compounds are useful in the preservation of pharmaceutical compositions, particularly ophthalmic pharmaceutical compositions and compositions for treating contact lenses. The compounds are especially useful for disinfecting contact lenses.

Abstract: Aminobiguanides and the use of same as antimicrobial agents in pharmaceutical compositions are disclosed. The aminobiguanides are useful in the preservation of pharmaceutical compositions, particularly ophthalmic pharmaceutical compositions and compositions for treating contact lenses. The compounds are especially useful for disinfecting contact lenses.

Abstract: Disclosed are guanidine and biguanidine derivatives which have anti-viral and anti-bacterial activity. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds as an active ingredient, and anti-viral and anti-bacterial methods utilizing such compounds.

Abstract: Amido polybiguanides and their use as antimicrobial agents in pharmaceutical compositions are disclosed. A method of synthesis of amido polybiguanides is also disclosed. The amido polybiguanides are useful in the preservation of pharmaceutical compositions, particulary opthalmic and otic pharmaceutical compositions and compositions for treating contact lenses. The compounds are especially useful for disinfecting contact lenses.

Abstract: Novel metformin formulations are provided which include metformin or metformin salts preferably the hydrochloride salt in doses below that employed for treating diabetes such as metformin in daily amounts of 400 mg or below. A method for treating peripheral vascular disease including intermittent claudication employing such metformin formulations is also provided.

Abstract: A method for removing biguanide from aqueous sources, such as swimming pools, is disclosed. The method includes the steps of bringing at least one polymeric metaphosphate into contact with the aqueous source in a sufficient concentration to form particles containing the biguanide. The particles containing at least a portion of the biguanide can then be removed by various means, including filtration or vacuuming.

Abstract: There are provided compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aliphatic group of 1 to 16 carbon atoms; wherein the substituents are mono or poly and are selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, aryl and arlkyl, R.sup.3 is selected from the group consisting of same group of values as R.sup.5, R.sup.5 is selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted alkyl of 1-10 carbon atoms, aryl, cycloalkyl and heterocycloalkyl of 3-8 carbon atoms, wherein the substituents are mono or poly and are selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, cycloalkyl of 3-8 carbon atoms, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, nitro, lower alkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, phenyl loweralkyl, phenyl, mono and polyhalophenyl, phenoxy, mono and polyhalophenoxy, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 may be the same or different and are hydrogen, alkanoyl or alkoxyalkanoyl, R.sup.7 may also have the same value as R.sup.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bisguanidine derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each, independently of one another, hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkenyl, alkoxyalkyl, haloalkenyl; or cycloalkyl which has 5-12 carbon atoms in the ring and may be substituted, or benzyl which may be substituted, with the proviso that only one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 can be hydrogen; orR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are, together with the atoms which they substitute, a heterocyclic ring which may be substituted;X is CH.sub.2, O, a single bond, NH, N-alkyl or N-benzyl whose phenyl ring may be substituted,n is 5 to 8,and their plant-compatible acid addition salts and their metal complexes and fungicides containing these compounds.

Abstract: Several bis-adamantanamine compounds have been found to have a broad range of antiviral and antibacterial activities. Demonstrated activity against enveloped viruses, yeasts, fungi, gram positive and gram negative bacteria is shown.

Abstract: Antimicrobial polymeric bisbiguanides capped with alkylene pyrrolidonyl groups having the formula: ##STR1## where X is C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkylene; Y is a bivalent bridging group; and n is at least 2; and acid addition salts thereof.

Abstract: Antimicrobial bis-(pyrrolidonyl alkylene) biguanides having the formula:A--Z--Awhere A is: ##STR1## X is C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkylene; and Z is a bivalent bridging group, and acid addition salts thereof,are provided herein.

Abstract: A bisbiguanide compound of the formula:R.sup.1 R.sup.2 N.C(:NR.sup.6)NH.C(:NH)NH.CH.sub.2 X-- --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 NH.C(:NH)NH.C(:NR.sup.7)NR.sup.3 R.sup.4 Vor a tautomer thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 which may be the same or different, are each hydrogen, a 1-16C alkyl radical, a 2-16C alkoxyalkyl radical, a 3-12C cycloalkyl radical, a (3-12C cycloalkyl)-(1-4C alkyl) radical, or an optionally substituted phenyl or phenyl(1-4C alkyl) radical, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 and the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 and the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, which may be the same or different, are each a 1-azetidinyl, 1-pyrrolidinyl, piperidino, hexamethyleneimino, heptamethyleneimino, morpholino or 4-(1-8C alkanoyl)-1-piperazinyl radical each of which may bear 1-3C alkyl substituents; each of R.sup.6 and R.sup.7, which may be the same or different, is hydrogen or a 1-8C alkyl radical; and X is a substituted ethylene or ethylidene radical of the formula:--CH.

Abstract: Polyether biguanide salts of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: y ranges from 0 to 6,z ranges from 2 to 7,A is an anion selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, sulfate, bisulfate, phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate and hydrogen phosphate,n is the valence of the anion, andR.sub.1 is an alkyl of 9 to 18 carbon atoms or alkylphenyl of 15 to 18 carbon atoms, are diluted in water solution. In a preferred embodiment, R.sub.1 is nonylphenyl.These salts are surface active agents used as hair conditioning agents, foam boosters, corrosion inhibitors, ore flotation agents, fabric softeners or germicides, etc.

Abstract: Biguanide diperchlorate, ##STR1## is prepared by the reaction of 1 mole of biguanide with 2 moles of perchic acid at a temperature of from 0.degree. to 20.degree. C. Biguanide diperchlorate is an explosive which combines good impact sensitivity, high energy output, and good thermal stability.