Abstract: A reagent that enhances acid generation of a photoacid generator and composition containing such reagent is disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a melanin production inhibitor which has an excellent inhibitory activity on the production of melanin and is highly safe. The melanin production inhibitor is represented by general formula (1) (excluding clotrimazole) and/or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof. In the formula, A1, A2 and A3 are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, an aryl group which may have a substituent, and an aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent.

Abstract: Compounds having a diphenylmethane skeleton are superior in broad utility and stability, and are useful as a protecting reagent (anchor) of amino acid and/or peptide in the liquid phase synthesis and the like of a peptide having a C-terminal etc., which are of a carboxamide(-CONHR)-type, and in organic synthetic reaction methods (particularly peptide liquid phase synthetic methods), and may be contained in a kit for peptide liquid phase synthesis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the economical and separation of benzphetamine hydrochloride and methamphetamine by liquid extraction. An extraction process employing a suitable organic solvent and water at a pH in the range of from about 6 to about 8 provides excellent removal of the methamphetamine by dissolution in the water phase while the benzphetamine dissolves in the organic phase. Simple separation of the two phases results in separation of the two amines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel iminecalixarene derivatives, method of preparation thereof, and self-assembled monolayer prepared by the method, fixing method of oligo-DNA by using the self-assembled monolayer, and oligo-DNA chip prepared by the method. Also, the present invention relates to novel aminocalixarene derivatives, method of preparation thereof, and self-assembled monolayer prepared by the method, fixing method of oligo-DNA wherein the oligo-DNA is voluntarily fixed by molecular recognition on said self-assembled monolayer in a liquid phase, and oligo-DNA chip prepared by the method.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula (I) wherein L is a linking group, at least one of R1 to R10 comprises the group C?N, at least one of R1 to R5 and at least one of R6 to R10 comprise the group NH2 for use as curing agents in an epoxy resin, together with a process for their synthesis and composites comprising the curing agents.

Abstract: Compounds of formula Ia and Ib wherein A, B, C and R1 are described herein.

Abstract: [Summary] [Problem] Provision of a novel compound which is easily-soluble in isopropyl acetate superior in liquid-separation operability, and can be used for a production method of peptide and the like, that provides a final product simply by extraction-layer-separating, without crystallization and isolation of each intermediate in each step. [Solving Means] It has been found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by a particular branched chain-containing aromatic compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel method for the synthesis of N-{1-[bis(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]azetidin-3-yl}-N-(3,5 -difluorophenyl)methylsulfonamide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel iminecalixarene derivatives, method of preparation thereof, and self-assembled monolayer prepared by the method, fixing method of oligo-DNA by using the self-assembled monolayer, and oligo-DNA chip prepared by the method. Also, the present invention relates to novel aminocalixarene derivatives, method of preparation thereof, and self-assembled monolayer prepared by the method, fixing method of oligo-DNA wherein the oligo-DNA is voluntarily fixed by molecular recognition on said self-assembled monolayer in a liquid phase, and oligo-DNA chip prepared by the method.

Abstract: A method for making a carbon nanotube metal composite includes the following steps. A number of carbon nanotubes is dispersed in a solvent to obtain a suspension. Metal powder is added into the suspension, and then the suspension agitated. The suspension containing the metal powder is allowed to stand for a while. The solvent is reduced to obtain a mixture of the number of carbon nanotubes and the metal powder.

Abstract: Provided are chalcogenoxanthylium compounds which can effectively be used as sensitizers in photodynamic therapy, virucides in photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy and reversal agents of Pgp function in cancer cells. Further provided is a general method for the preparation of chalcogenoxanthylium compounds.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a process for preparing urethanes by reacting aromatic amines with a dialkyl carbonate, wherein the alkyl radical of the organic dialkyl carbonate comprises from 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and the reaction is carried out in the presence of a base.

Abstract: Compounds having a diphenylmethane skeleton are superior in broad utility and stability, and are useful as a protecting reagent (anchor) of amino acid and/or peptide in the liquid phase synthesis and the like of a peptide having a C-terminal etc., which are of a carboxamide(-CONHR)-type, and in organic synthetic reaction methods (particularly peptide liquid phase synthetic methods), and may be contained in a kit for peptide liquid phase synthesis.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for detecting, identifying and measuring the abundance of chemical nerve agents. Methods and compositions of the present invention are capable of providing selective detection of phosphorous based nerve agents, such as nerve agents that are esters of methyl phosphonic acid derivatives incorporating a moderately good leaving group at the phosphorus. Selectivity in the present invention is provided by a sensor composition having an alpha (?) effect nucleophile group that undergoes specific nucleophilic substitution and rearrangement reactions with phosphorus based nerve agents having a tetrahederal phosphorous bound to oxygen. The present invention includes embodiments employing a sensor composition further comprising a reporter group covalently linked to the alpha effect nucleophile group allowing rapid optical readout of nerve agent detection events, including direct visual readout and optical readout via spectroscopic analysis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel method for the synthesis of N-{1-[bis(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]azetidin-3-yl}-N-(3,5 -difluorophenyl)methylsulfonamide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing nano graphene platelets (NGPs) that are both dispersible and electrically conducting. The process comprises: (a) preparing a pristine NGP material from a graphitic material; and (b) subjecting the pristine NGP material to an oxidation treatment to obtain the dispersible NGP material, wherein the NGP material has an oxygen content no greater than 25% by weight. Conductive NGPs can find applications in transparent electrodes for solar cells or flat panel displays, additives for battery and supercapacitor electrodes, conductive nanocomposite for electromagnetic wave interference (EMI) shielding and static charge dissipation, etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof wherein R2 is 2-hydroxymethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, or NHCH(R4)CH(R3)OH, wherein R3 is hydrogen or methyl and R4 is methyl, ethyl or isopropyl; R6 is 3-nitrophenylamino, 3,4-dimethoxybenzylamino, 3-iodobenzyl-amino, pyrid-2-yl-methylamino, pyrid-4-yl-methylamino or indan-5-amino; R9 is isopropyl or cyclopentanyl. In a further aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds, and the use thereof in treating antiproliferative disorders and or viral disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula 1 or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein one of R1 and R2 is methyl, ethyl or isopropyl, and the other is H; R3 and R4 are each independently H, branched or unbranched C1-C6 alkyl, or aryl, and wherein at least one of R3 and R4 is other than H; R5 is a branched or unbranched C1-C5 alkyl group or a C1-C6 cycloalkyl group, each of which may be optionally substituted with one or more OH groups; R6, R7, R8 and R9 are each independently H, halogen, NO2, OH, OMe, CN, NH2, COOH, CONH2, or SO2NH2. A further aspect of the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of formula 1, and the use of said compounds in treating proliferative disorders, viral disorders, stroke, alopecia, CNS disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, or diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula (1): wherein: X is an electron-donating group, amino modifiers formed by reacting an amino alcohol with compounds of formula (1), amino-modified biomolecules formed by reacting said amino modifiers with a biomolecule and methods for producing the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein one of R1 and R2 is methyl, ethyl or isopropyl, and the other is H; R3 and R4 are each independently H, branched or un branched C1-C6 alkyl, or aryl, and wherein at least one of R3 and R4 is other than H; R5 is a branched or unbranched C1-C5 alkyl group or a C1-C6 cycloalkyl group, each of which may be optionally substituted with one or more OH groups; R6, R7, R8 and R9 are each independently H, halogen, NO2, OH, OMe, CN, NH2, COOH, CONH2, or SO2NH2. A further aspect of the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of formula 1, and the use of said compounds in treating proliferative disorders, viral disorders, CNS disorders, diabetes, stroke, alopecia or neurodegenerative disorders.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of imparting color onto keratinous substrates involving contacting said substrate with a composition comprising: at least one triarylmethane dye molecule chosen from polymeric triarylmethane dye molecules, copolymeric triarylmethane dye molecules, oligomeric triarylmethane dye molecules, and mixtures thereof; at least one film forming agent; and at least one solvent; and irradiating said substrate with a flash of light.

Abstract: Provided is a benzofluorene compound which exhibits excellent performances when applied to an organic electroluminescent device. In the benzofluorene compound, a central five-membered ring in a benzofluorene skeleton is substituted with aryl, and a benzene ring condensed to the five-membered ring is substituted with aryl, diarylamino and the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to phenoxypropanolamines, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them, to processes for preparing them, and to the method of use thereof in the treatment of diseases that are improved by beta-3 agonist action.

Abstract: Described is a triarylmethane dye of the formula I where R1 and R2 are independently methyl, ethyl or hydroxyethyl, Q is substituted or unsubstituited phenyl or naphthyl and A? is the equivalent of an anion. It does not detach carcinogenic Michler's ketone.

Abstract: This invention involves synthesis and use of a class of compounds with chelation affinity and selectivity for first transition series elements. Administration of the free or conjugated compound, or physiological salts of the free or conjugated compound, results in decrease in the in vivo bioavailability of first transition series elements and/or removal from the body of first transition series elements and elements with similar chemical properties. These characteristics make such compounds useful in the management of diseases associated with a bodily excess of first transition series elements and elements with similar chemical properties. This invention demonstrates that such compounds inhibit mammalian, bacterial, and fungal cell replication and are therefore useful in the treatment of neoplasia, infection, inflammation, immune reponse, and in termination of pregnancy.

Abstract: The present invention describes methods of making a series of amine-containing organic compounds which are used as ligands for group 3-10 and lanthanide metal compounds. The ligands have electron-withdrawing groups bonded to them. The metal compounds, when combined with a cocatalyst, are catalysts for the polymerization of olefins.

Abstract: Novel amine derivatives having an excellent antimycotic effect represented by general formula (1) below and salts thereof are provided. [in the formula (1, R1 represents a C1-5 alkyl group which may be halogenated, R2 represents 4-(1,1-dimethylalkyl)benzyl group, 4-(1-methyl-phenylethyl)benzyl group, 1-or 2-naphthylmethyl group, or a hydrocarbon group having 3,3-dimethyl-1-butynyl group or a phenyl group at its terminal and 1 to 3 double bonds; R3 represents oxygen atom or a methylene group which may be substituted by a C1-4 alkyl group; and R4 represents 1-or 2 naphthyl group or a phenyl group which may be substituted.

Abstract: A 2-aminobenzophenone represented by formula (2) is obtained by heating an arylsulfonamide represented by formula (1) in the presence of aluminum chloride.

Abstract: Amines and amino acids are prepared by reacting an amine, a carbonyl derivative, and an organoboron compound under mild conditions.

Abstract: There are described compounds of formula I*, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is lower alkoxycarbonyl,R.sub.2 is secondary or tertiary lower alkyl or lower alkylthio-lower alkyl,R.sub.3 is phenyl that is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more lower alkoxy radicals, or C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl,R.sub.4 is phenyl or cyclohexyl each substituted in the 4-position by unsaturated heterocyclyl that is bonded by way of a ring carbon atom, has from 5 to 8 ring atoms, contains from 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, sulfinyl (--SO--) and sulfonyl (--SO.sub.2 --) and is unsubstituted or substituted by lower alkyl or by phenyl-lower alkyl,R.sub.5, independently of R.sub.2, has one of the meanings mentioned for R.sub.2, andR.sub.6, independently of R.sub.1, is lower alkoxycarbonyl,or salts thereof, provided that at least one salt-forming group is present.The compounds are inhibitors of retroviral aspartate protease and can be used, for example, in the treatment of AIDS.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds represented by the following formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.4 represents a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing at least four .pi. electrons, and m and n individually represent integers of from 1 to 4, or salts thereof, and also to compositions containing the same. These compounds have antifungal activities and are useful as drugs and the like.

Abstract: 2-Amino-4,5,3',4'-tetramethoxybenzophenone of the formula: ##STR1## is prepared by mononitration of 3,3',4,4'-tetramethyoxybenzophenone using nitric acid in the presence of acetic acid, and subsequent reduction of the nitro group. The compound is an intermediate in the synthesis of active ingredients against rheumatoid arthritis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reagent and to a process which are useful, when carrying out an organic synthesis, for cleaving an allylic group from a function which is protected with the latter.This reagent is defined in that it contains:a) a solvent system;b) a catalyst containing at least one element from column VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements, the said element from column VIII of the Periodic Table being coordinated with at least one coordination agent which is soluble in the said solvent system;c) a compound which is at least partially soluble in the said solvent system and which contains at least one nucleophilic function.Application to organic synthesis.

Abstract: The invention relates to diaryl antimicrobial compounds of the general formula: ##STR1## where G, E L, J, q, m, X, Ar, W, p, n and A are as described herein, pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds, methods for their production and their use in treating bacterial infections.

Abstract: To produce a concentrated solution of aminoanthraquinone dyes in aromatic solvent, quinizarin or a leuco derivative thereof is reacted with a mixture of at least three aliphatic amines in a solvent which is a glycol or a glycol ether. The glycol or glycol ether solvent is present in an amount of 50 wt % or less relative to the quinizarin or leuco derivative plus amines. After the reaction, water and excess amine are stripped and aromatic solvent is added to adjust the dye concentration to the desired concentration above 40 wt % dye.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein: R.sup.1 to R.sup.9 are as defined herein and m is the integer 0 or 1.These compounds are beta 3 adrenergic receptor agonists and are useful, therefore for example, in the treatment of diabetes, obesity, gastrointestinal diseases and achalasia.

Abstract: An improved synthesis of a highly potent HIV reverse transcription inhibitor is disclosed, involving an acetylide and a trifluoromethyl ketone which produces a chiral product in the presence of a chiral amino alcohol.

Abstract: Levorotatory and dextrorotatory enantiomers of 1-[(4-chlorophenyl)phenylmethyl]-4-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]piperazine of the formula ##STR1## their preparation and use for the preparation of substantially optically pure enantiomers of 1-[(4-chlorophenyl)phenylmethyl]piperazine, which are themselves valuable intermediate products for the preparation of optically active therapeutic compounds having a very high degree of optical purity.

Abstract: The present invention is a novel compound which is a 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylmethylhydroxylamine or derivative thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition or base salt thereof, pharmaceutical composition and methods of use therefor. The invention compounds are now found to have activity as inhibitors of one or both of cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase providing treatment of conditions advantageously affected by such inhibition including inflammation, arthritis, pain, fever, and the like.

Abstract: A branched chain polyalkylene polyamine ("PAPA") having plural amine groups, including a secondary amine group intermediate terminal primary amine groups one of which is hindered, and having at least two carbon atoms between each group, is selectively reductively alkylated with a ketone. The reaction provides a convenient method for selectively reductively alkylating a PAPA having a hindered primary amine group, the method comprising contacting the PAPA with hydrogen and the ketone in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a Group VIII metal on a catalyst support, at a pressure in the range from about 500-1000 psi and a temperature in the range from about 50.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. for a period of time sufficient to preferentially alkylate the unhindered amine primary terminal amine group. The alkylation proceeds essentially without alkylating either the sterically hindered terminal primary amine group or the intermediate unhindered secondary amine group.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing an optically active amine represented by the formula (IV) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 each denote an alkyl group, aryl group or aralkyl group, providing that they do not denote the same group at the same time, and * indicates an asymmetric carbon atom, which comprises reacting an asymmetric reducing agent obtained from (1) an optically active amine derivative represented by the formula (I) ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 denotes an alkyl group, aryl group or aralkyl group; R.sub.2 denotes a hydrogen atom, alkyl group or aralkyl group; R.sub.3 denotes an aryl group or a substituent represented by the formula (II) ##STR3## wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 each denote a hydrogen atom, aryl group or aralkyl group, and * is as defined above, (2) a metal borohydride and (3) sulfuric acid, with either the syn-isomer or the anti-isomer of an oxime derivative represented by the formula (III) or with a mixture rich in either one of the two isomers ##STR4## wherein R.sub.

Abstract: A branched chain polyalkylene polyamine ("PAPA") having plural amine groups, including a secondary amine group intermediate terminal primary amine groups one of which is hindered, and having at least two carbon atoms between each group, is selectively reductively alkylated with a ketone. The reaction provides a convenient method for selectively reductively alkylating a PAPA having a hindered primary amine group, the method comprising contacting the PAPA with hydrogen and the ketone in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a Group VIII metal on a catalyst support, at a pressure in the range from about 500-1000 psi and a temperature in the range from about 50.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. for a period of time sufficient to preferentially alkylate the unhindered amine primary terminal amine group. The alkylation proceeds essentially without alkylating either the sterically hindered terminal primary amine group or the intermediate unhindered secondary amine group.

Abstract: An aralkylamine compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 means a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R.sup.2 means an aromatic group which may be substituted; R.sup.3 means a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or an aromatic group which may be substituted; n means an integer of 0 to 7; ring A means a five-through eight-membered cyclic group which may be substituted and may contain one or two hetero atom(s) of O and S atoms as the ring-constituents; and ring B means a benzene ring which may be substituted, or a salt thereof, which is useful as an cholinesterase inhibitor and a cerebral function ameliorating agent.

Abstract: A method for producing an optically active amine which is an important compound as a resolving agent for medicines, agricultural chemicals, intermediates thereof, etc is disclosed.

Abstract: Novel anilines of the 2,6-dialkyl-4-dialkylaminomethylaniline type are prepared by reacting a secondary amine and an aldehyde with a primary aniline reactant having a free para position and substituents in both ortho positions in the presence of an acid catalyst, the amounts of amine and acid employed being at least equimolar with respect to the amount of aldehyde, and the reaction being conducted by adding the primary aniline reactant to a preformed mixture of the secondary amine, aldehyde, and acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method of forming vicinal diamines. The method according to the present invention has the advantage of being highly stereoselective, capable of forming a wide variety of diamines including racemic and enantiomeric forms, and employing readily available starting and reaction materials.In particular the present invention relates to a method of forming vicinal diamines from a bis-imine precursor using nucleophilic additions of organometallic reagents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of converting .beta.-nitro compounds, specifically alcohols, into the corresponding hydroxy amines with retention of configuration by the use of ammonium formate.

Abstract: Bis(3-nitrophenoxy) derivatives of aromatic or bridged aromatic hydrocarbons are derived from m-dinitrobenzene and dihydroxy derivatives of said hydrocarbons and certain substituted derivatives thereof by a condensation reaction in dipolar aprotic solvents in the presence of bases. The bis(3-nitrophenoxy) derivatives and derivatives obtained are successively reduced to afford bis-(3-aminophenoxy)derivatives. This is a new method for reacting the dihydroxy-derivatives with m-dinitrobenzene, and hence can prepare novel bis(3-aminophenoxy) derivatives such as 4,4'-bis(3-amino-phenoxy)biphenyl, 1-[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-6-(3-aminophenoxy)indan, 6,6'-bis(3-aminophenoxy)3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-1,1'spirobiindan, and methyl substituted 2,2'-bis[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propane.

Abstract: Reaction products of oxo compounds and amines or ammonia, in which at least one substituent is aromatic and monosubstituted to trisubstituted by halogen, can be catalytically hydrogenated to the respective amines, the halogen essentially being completely retained if an Ni-containing or Co-containing catalyst is employed and the reaction is carried out in the presence of organic sulphur compounds.