Abstract: A process for formation of a base from a base precursor, which comprises decomposing the base precursor in the presence of a catalyst. The base precursor has the following formula (I) or (II):(R.sup.1 --C.tbd.C--CO.sub.2 H).sub.x .multidot.B (I)R.sup.2 (--C.tbd.C--CO.sub.2 H).sub.2 .multidot.B.sub.y (II)wherein R.sup.1 is a monovalent group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, an aralkyl group, an acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, carbamoyl, --CO.sub.2 M (M is an alkali metal) and --CO.sub.2 H.B, each of which may have one or more substituent groups; R.sup.

Abstract: N-Arylpropyl-substituted secondary amines of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, chlorine, bromine or fluorine, m is 0, 1 or 2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each hydrogen or alkyl, and R.sup.5 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkylalkyl, alkenyl or an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl or phenylalkyl radical or methylfuran and the dashed bonds may be hydrogenated, and their salts, and fungicides containing these compounds.

Abstract: This application relates to a process for preparing alkylhydrazines from an alkene and hydrazine with an acid catalyst. More particularly, it relates to a process for preparing t-butylhydrazine from hydrazine and isobutylene in aqueous acid.

Abstract: Substituted or unsubstituted cyclohexylamine and substituted or substituted dicyclohexylamine can be produced by catalytic hydrogenation of substituted or unsubstituted aniline, for which a catalyst is used containing ruthenium and palladium which are attached to a support and which catalyst furthermore contains a basic alkali metal compound. The catalyst contains the noble metals in a total amount of 0.05 to 5% by weight and in a weight ratio of ruthenium to palladium such as 1:9-9:1. The basic alkali metal compound is present in an amount of 0.1-10% by weight. All percentages are based on the total weight of the catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel intermediates of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is lower alkyl or cyclohexyl, and X is hydroxy or a conventional leaving group, and the use thereof in a process for the preparation of certain histamine H.sub.2 -antagonists.

Abstract: A novel valiolamine derivative of the formula (I): ##STR1## where R stands for hydrogen or .beta.-D-glucopyranosyl group is useful for a starting material of valiolamine which can be converted to more potent .alpha.-glucosidase inhibiting compounds. The valiolamine derivative is obtained by cultivating Streptomyces hygroscopics in a culture medium and recovering the valiolamine derivative produced and accumulated from the culture broth.

Abstract: A process for the production of 1,2-amino alcohols, in improved yields, comprising the steps of:(1) reacting a silylated cyanohydrin compound with a Grignard reagent;(2) treating the reaction product of Step 1 with either a reducing agent, or an organolithium compound;(3) hydrolyzing the reaction product of Step 2;(4) isolating the resulting 1,2-amino alcohol.The 1,2-amino alcohols thus formed are useful as pharmaceuticals or precursors therefor.

Abstract: Diphenylamine which is unsubstituted or substituted by alkyl or alkoxy groups can be prepared by treating appropriately substituted dicyclohexylamine with 1-10 bar of H.sub.2 over catalysts containing 0.05-5% by weight of rhodium at 250.degree.-450.degree. C. In addition to rhodium, the catalysts contain at least one other platinum metal from the group consisting of palladium, platinum and iridium on a support containing the noble metals in a total amount of 0.05-5% by weight, the percentage by weight of rodium with respect to all noble metals being 10-90%, and furthermore containing additives of 1-6% by weight of an alkali metal hydroxide and 1-6% by weight of an alkali metal sulphate. All percentages are based on the total weight of the catalyst.

Abstract: The manufacture of optically active bifunctional compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R represents protected hydroxymethyl, protected formyl or alkoxycarbonyl and R.sup.1 represents a group of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represents lower alkyl or cycloalkyl or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together with the nitrogen atom represent a heterocyclic ring, by isomerizing compounds of the general formula ##STR3## wherein R, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the above significance and R.sup.3 can additionally signify hydrogen, is described.The compounds of formula I are potential intermediates in the manufacture of, interalia, natural vitamin E and natural vitamin K.sub.1.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel inosose compound represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are both halogen; X.sup.1 is hydrogen and X.sup.2 is halogen; or X.sup.1 is --SQ.sup.1 and X.sup.2 is --SQ.sup.2 (each of Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 is lower alkyl or Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 may form lower alkylene), R.sup.1 is a protective group for hydroxyl and Y is .dbd.O, .dbd.N--Z (Z is hydroxyl which may be protected) or ##STR2## (A is hydrogen or an amine residue), particularly to the compound wherein the symbol Y is oxygen.The inosose compound is useful as intermediates for production of valiolamine and the N-substituted derivatives thereof, which have potent .alpha.-glucosidase inhibiting activities and are useful as preventives or therapeutics for symptoms of hyperglycemia and various diseases derived therefrom in human and animals, such as diabetes, obesity and hyperlipemia.

Abstract: Water soluble biocidal water treatment perhalides of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, hydroxyethyl, alkyl, cyclic alkyl, (alpha, omega)-alkyl, alkyl ether, polyether, heterocyclic ring-substituted alkyl, and halogenated alkyl; X is chlorine, bromine or iodine; and only one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be hydrogen.

Abstract: Polythiols prepared by the reaction of hydrogen sulfide or organic dithiols with polyglycidyl substituted amines have been found to be outstanding curing agents for epoxy resins. Epoxy resins cured with these polythiols are characterized by not only improved gel times, but also improved cure rates, better heat resistance and greater resistance to absorption of water.A useful polythiol is the reaction product of N,N,N',N'-tetraglycidyl-m-xylylenediamine with hydrogen sulfide.

Abstract: The invention relates to amine salts of phosphorous acid having a structure of the s-triazine, 1,2,4-triazole, benzimidazole, heptazine, pyrimidine, or piperazine type which may be combined with a polyhydroxylated compound as fireproofing agents for plastics, particularly polyamides and polyolefins, the process of fireproofing said plastics, and the resultant fireproofed plastics.

Abstract: In order to improve the wear resistance properties of lubricants, at least one compound of the following formula is incorporated therein: ##STR1## Rf is a perfluorinated radical, a=0 to 10,b=0 or 1 (if a=o and c=1),c=1 to 4 (2 if a.noteq.0),m=0 or 1,n=0 or 1,X is an aryl radical,Y is a 2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl group,R.sub.1 and R'.sub.1 each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl radical,R.sub.2 and R'.sub.2 each represent a hydrogen atom or an acyl residue, at least one of the symbols R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 being other than H or CH.sub.3 if the sum a+m+n=0.

Abstract: Novel pseudo-aminosugars, or 5-amino-1-hydroxymethyl-1,2,3,4-cyclohexanetetrol, their production and use.These pseudo-aminosugars exhibit excellent .alpha.-glucosidase inhibitory activity and are useful for hyperglycemic symptoms and various disorders caused by hyperglycemia.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is a chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted by hydroxyl, phenoxy, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, cyclohexyl or an optionally substituted phenyl group, or a cyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms optionally substituted by hydroxyl, B is hydrogen or hydroxyl, and their production and use.These compounds exhibit excellent inhibitory activity against .alpha.-glucoside hydrolase, thus are useful for hyperglycemic symptoms and various disorders caused by hyperglycemia.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is a chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted by hydroxyl, phenoxy, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, cyclohexyl or an optionally substituted phenyl group, or a cyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms optionally substituted by hydroxyl, B is hydrogen or hydroxyl, and their production and use.These compounds exhibit excellent inhibitory activity against .alpha.-glucoside hydrolase, thus are useful for hyperglycemic symptoms and various disorders caused by hyperglycemia.

Abstract: An insulating oil containing N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-cyclohexylamine at 0.5 mg/l or more. An electrical apparatus is filled with the insulating oil in which a copper component is immersed. During operation of the apparatus for a long period of time, the tan .delta. of the insulating oil does not increase so that deterioration of the insulating oil is deferred, thereby substantially extending the life of the insulating oil.

Abstract: Glaucoma can be treated by the application to the eye of a physiologically active amount of a compound of the formula ##STR1## in which: each of R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is selected from hydrogen, and alkyl, alkenyl and cycloalkyl radicals, or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 together with the carbon between them are a cycloalkylidene radical,R.sub.2 is a lower alkyl radical, and the salts thereof with pharmaceutically acceptable acids, in an opthamologically accepted carrier therefor, which when liquid and an isotonic agent is present can have the form of an eye lotion. The 1-N-tert.-butylamino derivatives of 3-(cyclopropyl-methyl-ketone-oximino)-propan-2-ol, 3-(dicyclopropyl-ketone-oximino)-propan-2-ol, and 3-(3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane-1-ketone-oximino)-propan-2-ol are novel compounds within such formula specifically useful for such treatment.

Abstract: A product having corrosion inhibiting properties consisting essentially of the reaction product of a triflouroethanol with a cyclohexylamine or with a mixture of cyclohexylamine and a dicyclohexylamine; a composition having corrosion inhibiting properties consisting essentially of a carrier liquid and disposed therein the reaction product of a triflouroethanol with a cyclohexylamine or with a mixture of a cyclohexylamine and a dicyclohexylamine; a combination of a solid body carrying thereon a product having corrosion inhibiting properties consisting essentially of the reaction product of a triflouroethanol with a cyclohexylamine or with a mixture of a cyclohexylamine and a dicyclohexylamine; and a process for inhibiting corrosion of metal surface by contacting the same with the reaction product of a triflouroethanol with a cyclohexylamine or with a mixture of a cyclohexylamine and a dicyclohexylamine.

Abstract: New compounds having the formula:X--(YQNH.sub.2).sub.p Iwherein p is 1 or 2 and the residues QNH.sub.2 are the same or different and each is a residue of formula: ##STR1## wherein n is an integer from 1 to 15; R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl; R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 ; together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, from a C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 cycloalkylene residue; R.sub.3 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl or C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl; and Y is a divalent residue of formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or, when p is 1, the group R.sub.4, together with the group X, can form a tetramethylene chain substituted by the group QNH.sub.2, X is NH.sub.2 or QNH.sub.2 or X may be combined with R.sub.4 as hereinbefore defined; and, when p is 2, X is a direct bond or a --CH.sub.

Abstract: Unsaturated cyclic keto acid may be prepared by cyclizing alken-2-yl dicarboxylic acid anhydride with Lewis acid catalyst in anhydrous Friedel-Craft solvent. Amides of these unsaturated cyclic keto acids useful as friction improvers in lubricating oils, may be prepared by reaction of an amine such as ethanolamine with an unsaturated cyclic keto acid.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is a chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted by hydroxyl, phenoxy, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, cyclohexyl or an optionally substituted phenyl group, or a cyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms optionally substituted by hydroxyl, B is hydrogen or hydroxyl, and their production and use.These compounds exhibit excellent inhibitory activity against .alpha.-glucoside hydrolase, thus are useful for hyperglycemic symptoms and various disorders caused by hyperglycemia.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of 4,4-disubstituted cyclohexadienones of which at least one of the substituents is fluorine, which comprises reacting a compound of formula ##STR1## wheren X represents a hydrogen or halogen atom or an alkyl group, each R independently represents a halogen atom or an alkyl, alkoxy, or cyano or optionally substituted amino group, Z represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, acyl or aryloxycarbonyl group, and n is 0 to 4, with hydrogen fluoride and a Pb(IV) compound, in the presence of a compound which acts as a base towards HF.

Abstract: Novel amine terminated polybutadiene compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, a straight or branched chain alkyl group containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or aralkyl group containing one or more benzenoid rings which may be fused or joined by single valency bonds, and n is an integer of from about 5 to 1500 and a process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to .alpha.-aminoalkylsulfur compositions and to the preparation and uses thereof, particularly as corrosion inhibitors. These compositions contain a moiety of the general formula ##STR1## in a linear or cyclic configuration.

Abstract: The treatment of cellulosic fibre materials before or after dyeing or printing with direct or reactive dyestuffs is carried out with aqueous liquors which contain quaternized polyethers which are obtained by condensation of N-2-hydroxyalkylamines of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, independently of each other, denote hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl radical andR denotes a C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl radical or one of the hydroxyalkyl groups ##STR2## with the proviso that the amount of N-2-hydroxyalkylamines in which R stands for a hydroxyalkyl group accounts for no more than 20 percent by weight of the hydroxyalkylamines used,if desired by co-condensation with polyols of the formulaA(OH).sub.n IIin whichA denotes a 2-, 3- or 4-valent aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic radical andn is a number from 2 to 4,and subsequent quaternization.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the selective production of secondary amines and primary amines by bringing together under reaction conditions a tertiary amine or a secondary amine with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of an activated carbon catalyst, the improvement which comprises using an activated carbon catalyst wherein oxides have been removed from the surface of the carbon.

Abstract: An N-t-alkyl-N-sec-alkyl secondary amine compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X, Y and Z are each independently selected from --H, --OH, or an alkyl group having from 1 to about 15 carbon atoms; and n is an integer of from 3 to about 6.

Abstract: A compound of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein A is hydrogen or a hydroxyl group; B is (1) a group of the formula; ##STR2## (2) a group of the formula; ##STR3## or (3) a group of the formula; ##STR4## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is novel and possesses excellent inhibitory activity against .alpha.-glucoside hydrolase and are useful for hyperglycemic symptoms and various disorders caused by hyperglycemia.

Abstract: Organic materials which contain from 0.001 to 10% by weight of an aminoreductone I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are H, methyl or ethyl and R.sup.4 is the radical of a naturally occurring .alpha.- or .beta.-aminoacid or of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl ester thereof or, in the case of an .alpha.-aminoacid, a lactone having a 2--OH group in the cyclohexenone ring, or R.sup.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by --OH, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -acyloxy, or is --(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n H, which may be etherified with a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkanol or esterified with a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -fatty acid, and where n is from 2 to 10, or a mineral salt thereof.Novel compounds Ia differ from I in having the radical R.sup.4a, where R.sup.4a is R.sup.4 with the exception of methyl. Compounds I are prepared by reacting the corresponding 2,3-dihydroxycyclohex-2-en-1-one with an amine HN(R.sup.3)R.sup.4 or a mineral acid salt thereof.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2,6-dialkylaniline which comprises the reaction of a 1-nitroalkene with a 1,3-alkadiene to form a dialkyl nitrocyclohexene adduct and subsequent reaction of the resulting adduct with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to form the corresponding dialkylcyclohexyl amine, followed by dehydrogenation with aqueous ammonia in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: Carboxylic acids and N-t.-alkylamines can be prepared simultaneously by the alkaline pressure hydrolysis of N-t.-alkyl carboxylic acid amides. A 5 to 50% strength by weight aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide is employed for this purpose in an amount of 1.0 to 1.3 mols per mol of the amide. The process is carried out at 200.degree. to 350.degree. C.

Abstract: Novel chloroacetic acid cyclohexylamides of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the meanings given in the description, their preparation and their use as herbicides.

Abstract: Amides of unsaturated cyclic keto acids, useful as friction improvers in lubricating oils, may be prepared by reaction of an amine such as ethanolamine with an unsaturated cyclic keto acid.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is a chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted by hydroxyl, phenoxy, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, cyclohexyl or an optionally substituted phenyl group; or a cyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms optionally substituted by hydroxyl, and their production and use.These compounds exhibit excellent inhibitory activity against glucoside hydrolase, thus are useful for hyperglycemic symptoms and various disorders caused by hyperglycemia.

Abstract: Novel aminocyclitols, namely the compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is hydroxyl group, a halogen or an acyloxy group; Y is hydrogen or a halogen; and OR.sup.1 is an optionally protected hydroxyl group; and their production.These aminocyclitols are important intermediates for preparing valiolamine having .alpha.-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Abstract: Primary amines and/or diamines can be prepared from oxo compounds, optionally containing additional reducible groups, by a process comprising:(1) reacting the oxo compound with ammonia in the presence of an imine-forming catalyst, preferably an ion exchanger loaded with ammonia ions, at a temperature of 10.degree. to 120.degree. C. and a pressure of 1 to 300 bar, whereby a Schiff base is formed; and(2) reducing the Schiff base by reaction with ammonia and hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: Fluorinated compounds of the formula ##STR1## are disclosed. The cationic amine compounds are useful as surfactants.

Abstract: A novel class of severely sterically hindered tertiary amino compounds having a pK.sub.a value at 20.degree. C. greater than 8.6, preferably ranging from 9.3 to about 10.6, and a cumulative -E.sub.s value of at least 1.9 are found to be useful in selective removal of H.sub.2 S from a normally gaseous mixture containing H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2.

Abstract: New nonadienylamines, nonatrienylamines and nonylamines are described, as well as a new process for their manufacture by reacting a 1,3-diolefine with a Schiff's base in the presence of certain nickel catalysts. The new compounds are suitable for combating micro-organisms, for example in the protection of materials.

Abstract: Monophenylamine derivatives are prepared.

Abstract: Nitrogen-containing compounds are provided which are selected from compounds having the following formula: ##STR1## wherein X is selected from OH and NH.sub.2, R.sub.1 is selected from --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 and --C.sub.2 H.sub.5, and R.sub.2 is selected from --NH.sub.2 and: ##STR2## where R.sub.1 has the value indicated above.

Abstract: Novel substituted 11-aminoundecanols of the formula ##STR1## and a process for their preparation are described; in the formula, R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 independently of one another are hydrogen or alkyl having 1-8 C atoms and R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 independently of one another are alkyl having 1-8 C atoms, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 and/or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 together with the bonding C atom form a cycloaliphatic ring having 4-8 C atoms, and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 independently of one another are hydrogen or alkyl having 1-4 C atoms. The compounds of the formula I are valuable active compounds for combating plant pests.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyethers having an an average molecule weight of 3000 to 5000 and having a propylene oxide proportion of 60 to 80% and an ethylene oxide proportion of 20 to 40%. Also included in the invention are compositions containing said polyethers and methods for the use of said polyethers and compositions, particularly for their anti-lipidaemic effect.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for recovery of sodium formate from an aqueous waste stream which is a byproduct mother liquor derived from a reaction system in which pentaerythritol is produced by the reaction of formaldehyde with acetaldehyde in the presence of sodium hydroxide catalyst.As one of its important features, the invention process involves contacting the mother liquor with a monoalkylamine solvent which is highly selective for extraction of organic materials to the exclusion of sodium formate.

Abstract: The process of the invention for preparing a N-(2-substituted aminoethyl)amide of the formula: ##STR1## comprises contacting one or more compounds of the formula: ##STR2## with an amine of the formula: ##STR3## wherein A is nitrogen or a quaternary nitrogen of the formula: ##STR4## wherein B is ##STR5## when A is nitrogen and B is ##STR6## when A is IV; whereinX.sup..crclbar. is a counterion;b is zero or one; andR.sub.1 -R.sub.9 are as defined in the specification.In a preferred embodiment, the process is catalyzed by a Lewis acid or a protonic acid with a non-nucleophilic counterion.

Abstract: Novel N-haloacetylphenylamino carbonyl oximes represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein Ar is phenyl or substituted phenyl; R.sup.1 is halomethyl; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, substituted phenyl or benzyl, haloalkyl, cyanoalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl or thiocyanoalkyl; R.sup.4 is hydrogen or alkyl; n is 0 or 1; m is 0 or 1; R is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylthioalkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, cyanoalkyl, phenyl, benzyl, substituted phenyl or benzyl, or R is acyl of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.5 is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, acetonyl, or the group --NR'R" wherein R' and R" are independently hydrogen, alkyl or phenyl; with the proviso that R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may be joined together to form a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring; or R and R.sup.2 may be joined together to form a heterocyclic ring; or R and R.sup.3 may be joined together to form a heterocyclic ring.

Abstract: (Dimethylaminoalkyl)carboxylic and -carbamic acid esters and (dimethylaminoalkyl) ethers and ureas are compounds which are especially suitable for use as amine curing agents for polyepoxide compounds. They impart longer curing times to the curable mixtures and thus good processing properties, especially when the mixtures are used as adhesives. In addition, the mechanical properties are often improved. Further, these compounds afford advantages when used as curing agents on account of their low volatility.

Abstract: Decaprenylamine derivatives and their acid addition salts are described which are useful for the control of virus infections of vertebrate animals.