Abstract: Organocatalysts, particularly proline sulfonamide organocatalysts, having a first general formula as follows are disclosed. Embodiments of a method for using these organocatalysts also are disclosed. The method comprises providing a disclosed organocatalyst, and performing a reaction, often an enantioselective or diastereoselective reaction, using the organocatalyst. Solely by way of example, disclosed catalysts can be used to perform aldol reactions, conjugate additions, Michael additions, Robinson annulations, Mannich reactions, ?-aminooxylations, ?-hydroxyaminations, ?-aminations and alkylation reactions. Certain of such reactions are intramolecular cyclizations used to form cyclic compounds, such as 5- or 6-membered rings, having one or more chiral centers. Disclosed organocatalysts generally are much more soluble in typical solvents used for organic synthesis than are known compounds.

Abstract: Cyclohexanedione compounds, and derivatives thereof, which are substituted in 5-position, are suitable for use as herbicides.

Abstract: There is provided a halogen-containing organosulfur compound having an excellent controlling effect on arthropod pests represented by the formula (I): wherein, m represents 0, 1 or 2, n represents 0, 1 or 2, A represents optionally substituted C3-C7 cycloalkyl or optionally substituted C5-C7 cycloalkenyl group, Q represents a C1-C5 haloalkyl group containing at least one fluorine atom, or a fluorine atom, R1 and R3 independently represent optionally substituted C1-C4 chain hydrocarbon, halogen or hydrogen, R2 and R4 independently represent optionally substituted C1-C4 chain hydrocarbon, —C?C(=G)R5, cyano, halogen or hydrogen, G represents oxygen or sulfur, and R represents optionally substituted C1-C4 alkyl, hydroxyl, optionally substituted C1-C4 alkoxy, optionally substituted C3-C6 alkenyloxy, optionally substituted C3-C6 alkynyloxy, amino, optionally substituted C1-C4 alkylamino, optionally substituted di(C1-C4 alkyl)amino, C2-C5 cyclic amino or hydrogen.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a method of using Schwartz Reagent, Cp2Zr(H)Cl, without accumulating or isolating it. Methods provide mixtures of Cp2ZrCl2, reductants that selectively reduce Cp2ZrCl2, and substrates. After reaction of Cp2ZrCl2 and the reductant, an intermediate reduction product is formed, apparently Schwartz Reagent. The in situ Schwartz Reagent then selectively reduces certain functional groups on the substrate. Substrates include tertiary amides, tertiary benzamides, aryl O-carbamates, and heteroaryl N-carbamates, which are reduced to aldehydes, benzaldehydes, aromatic alcohols, and heteroaromatics, respectively. Compared to prior methods, reagents are inexpensive and stable, reaction times are short, and reaction temperature in certain cases is conveniently room temperature. It has been estimated that using the in situ method described herein instead of synthesized or commercially obtained Schwartz Reagent provides a 50% reduction in cost.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the labeled compounds, wherein C* is each either 13C and 12C where at least one C* is 13C, each hydrogen of the methylene group is hydrogen or deuterium, the methyl group includes either zero or three deuterium atoms, Q is sulfide, sulfinyl, or sulfone, Z is an aryl group such as 1-naphthyl, substituted 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, substituted 2-naphthyl, or a phenyl group wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each independently either hydrogen, a C1-C4 lower alkyl, a halogen, and an amino group such as NH2, NHR and NRR? where R and R? are each independently either a C1-C4 lower alkyl, a phenyl, and an alkoxy group, and the methyl group can include either zero or three deuterium atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to two crystalline forms of 2-[2-chloro-4-methylsulfonyl-3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxymethyl)benzoyl]cyclohexan-1,3-dione, which is also known under the common name tembotrione. The invention also relates to a process for the production of these crystalline forms and formulations for plant protection which contain one of these crystalline forms of tembotrione.

Abstract: Compounds useful as antiproliferative agents according to formula (I): wherein Ar1, Ar2, Ar3, m and n are as defined herein, salts, antibody conjugates, pharmaceutical compositions, methods of treatment, and synthetic methods are provided.

Abstract: An alkylaromatic hydrocarbon composition prepared by the process which comprises oligomerizing an olefin selected from the group consisting of propylene, n-butene and mixtures thereof over an oligomerization catalyst, to form a oligomerization product comprising at least 95% by weight of mono-olefin oligomers of the empirical formula: CnH2n wherein n is greater than or equal to 10, the mono-olefin oligomers comprise at least 20% by weight of olefins having at least 12 carbon atoms, and the olefins having at least 12 carbon atoms having an average of from 0.8 to 2.0 C1-C3 alkyl branches per carbon chain. Sulfonation of the alkylaromatic hydrocarbon product produces an alkylaryl sulfonate mixture that exhibits advantageous properties, such as biodegradability and hard and cold water performance.

Abstract: The novel C dialdehyde compound which can be efficiently utilized in the synthesis of carotenoid compounds based on the sulfone chemistry, the preparation method of the same, and the expeditious and practical synthetic processes for lycopene and ?-carotene by the use of the above novel compound are disclosed. The syntheses of lycopene and ?-carotene are characterized by the processes of the coupling reaction between two equivalents of geranyl sulfone or cyclic geranyl sulfone and the above C dialdehyde, the functional group transformation reactions of the diol in the resulting C 40 coupling products to X's (either halogens or ethers), and the double elimination reactions of the functional groups of the benzenesulfonyl and X to produce the fully conjugated polyene chain of the carotenoids.

Abstract: This present invention provides materials for use as solid or concentrated chemical precursors for the production of organic peroxy acids (peracids). Organic peroxy acids are formed using a precursor according to the invention when they are combined with hydrogen peroxide or a hydrogen peroxide precursor such as a percarbonate or a perborate in aqueous medium. Organic peroxy acids, such as peroxyacetic acid, are used currently to disinfect medical equipment such as endoscopes and related items.

Abstract: Novel mercaptophenyl naphthyl methane compounds, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and compositions comprised thereof are useful for the prevention or treatment of various medical indications associated with estrogen dependent diseases or syndromes related to osteoporosis, bone loss, bone formation, cardiovascular disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, menopausal disorders, physiological disorders, diabetes disorders, prostatic carcinoma, cancer of breast, cancer of uterus, cancer of the cervix and cancer of the colon, threatened or habitual abortion, obesity, ovarian development or function, post-partum lactation and depression.

Abstract: Sulfonated polyarylenes have excellent processability and methanol resistance. The polyarylene includes a structural unit (S) represented by Formula (2-2) below and a structural unit (T) represented by Formula (2-3) below, the structural unit (S) accounting for a proportion “s” of 95 to 50 mol %, the structural unit (T) accounting for a proportion “t” of 5 to 50 mol % (“s”+“t”=100 mol %): wherein each A independently represents a divalent linking group represented by —CO— or —SO2—; and R1 to R4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing a fluoroalkanesulfonamide derivative represented by the formula [3], R2—NH—SO2—Rf—R1??[3] including reacting a fluoroalkanesulfonic anhydride represented by the formula [1], with an organic primary amine represented by the formula [2], in the presence of water and in the presence of a base selected from the group consisting of (a) a hydroxide of an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal or (b) a basic salt containing an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of Compound (I) comprising reacting Compound (II) with a base in an aprotic solvent, which is represented by the following scheme: wherein R1 and R2 are each independently lower alkyl.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a class of cyclohexene derivatives bearing sulfamoyl and ester groups which have an inhibitory activity on nitric oxide (NO) production and cytokine production, and are useful as an agent for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diseases such as, cardiac disease, autoimmune disease, inflammatory disease, central nervous system disease, infectious disease, sepsis, and septic shock.

Abstract: A process for selectively controlling the crystallisation of thermodynamically stable Form (1) or kinetically stable Form (2) polymorphs of mesotrione from an aqueous mesotrione solution, said method comprising adjusting the pH of the mesotrione solutions to a value wherein said thermodynamically stable Form (1) or kinetically stable Form (2) mesotrione is ultimately obtained is disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided stereoselective route to a compound of formula I: wherein R represents H or an alkali metal, Ar1 represents 4-chlorophenyl and Ar2 represents 2,5-difluorophenyl.

Abstract: This invention provides compounds and methods for treating, with said compound, a mycobacterial infection by administering to an animal a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound having the formula R—SOn-Z-CO—Y, where R is an alkyl groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, unsaturated hydrocarbon groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, or alkyl groups having 6-20 carbon atoms interrupted by at least one aromatic ring; Z is —CH2—, —CH2CH2—, —NH—NH—, —O—, ——NH—, —O—NH—, —CH2—NH—, —CH2—O—, —NH—O—, —NH—CH2—, —O—CH2—, and —CH?CH—; Y is —NH2, —O—CH2—C6H5, —CO—CO—O—CH3, and —O—CH3; and n is 1 or 2. It has been discovered that these compounds treat microbially-based infections caused by corynebacteria, nocardiae, rhodococcus, and mycobacteria. These compounds may be used to treat mycobacterial cells, such as Mycobacteria tuberculosis, drug resistant M. tuberculosis, M. avium intracellulare, M. leprae, M. paratuberculosis, and pathogenic Mycobacteria sp.

Abstract: This present invention provides materials for use as solid or concentrated chemical precursors for the production of organic peroxy acids (peracids). Organic peroxy acids are formed using a precursor according to the invention when they are combined with hydrogen peroxide or a hydrogen peroxide precursor such as a percarbonate or a perborate in aqueous medium. Organic peroxy acids, such as peroxyacetic acid, are used currently to disinfect medical equipment such as endoscopes and related items.

Abstract: The invention relates to benzoylcyclohexenone derivatives of general formula (I) wherein the variables R1 to R10 and n have the designation cited in claim 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to sulfones that are useful in the treatment of chemokine-mediated disorders. In certain embodiments, the present invention concerns the compounds that are MCP-1 receptor antagonists.

Abstract: Silver-free, aqueous-based direct thermographic materials are designed to have image tone with near neutral density. Without the use of organic silver salts containing reducible silver ions, the image is formed using a color developing agent precursor that releases a color developing agent when heated to a temperature of at least 80° C., a combination of cyan, yellow and magenta dye-forming color couplers that provide cyan, yellow, and magenta dyes, and a substituted or unsubstituted benzoquinone as an oxidizing agent. No silver metal or silver ions are purposely added to these materials. This combination of components provides a means for controlling image tone without reliance upon conventional toning agents.

Abstract: This disclosure describes unique chemical structures for use as solid or concentrated chemical precursors to the production of peroxy acids when combined with hydrogen peroxide or a hydrogen peroxide precursor such as percarbonates or perborates. Peroxy acids (peracids) such as peroxyacetic acid are used currently to disinfect medical equipment such as endoscopes and related items. It has been discovered that these structures are not currently listed in Chemical Abstracts and do not appear to be the subject of any prior art related to this or any other similar application. The specification for this claim includes chemical structures for each claimed precursor as well as means of synthesis that could be carried our by any skilled synthetic organic chemist. Practical uses for this invention include several antimicrobial applications of which at least one example is included.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of indanones of the formula II from indanones of the formula I or of indanones of the formula IIa from indanones of the formula Ia comprises reacting an indanone of the formula I or Ia with a coupling component.

Abstract: A process for preparing bicyclic 1,3-diketones of the formula I where R1, R2, R3 and R4 are hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy-carbonyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, C1-C4-alkylthio, C1-C4-alkylsulfenyl or C1-C4-alkylsulfonyl and Z is C1-C4-alkylene, O, S, N—R5 where R5 is C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, which comprises a) reacting a bicyclic olefin of the formula II with haloform in the presence of a base to give the ring-expanded product of the formula III  where R1-R4 and Z are as defined above and X is halogen; b) hydrolyzing the allylic halogen of the compound of the formula III to the allyl alcohol of the formula IV c) oxidizing the allyl alcohol of the formula IV to the unsaturated ketone of the formula V d) reacting the ketone of the formula V with a nucleophilic ion Y− which stabilizes a negative charge to give the ketone of the formula VI e) hydrolyzing the ketone of the formula VI to th

Abstract: A disulfone compound represented by the general formula (3): 1

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof in which: R0 is halogen, C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkoxy, C1-6alkoxy substituted by one or more fluorine atoms, or O(CH2)nNR4R5; R1 and R2 are independently selected from H, C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkyl substituted by one or more fluorine atoms, C1-6alkoxy, C1-6hydroxyalkyl, SC1-6alkyl, C(O)H, C(O)C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkylsulphonyl, C1-6alkoxy substituted by one or more fluorine atoms, O(CH2)nCO2C1-6alkyl, O(CH2)nSC1-6alkyl, (CH2)nNR4R5, (CH2)nSC1-6alkyl or C(O)NR4R5; with the proviso that when R0 is at the 4-position and is halogen, at least one of R1 and R2 is C1-6alkylsulphonyl, C1-6alkoxy substituted by one or more fluorine atoms, O(CH2)nCO2C1-6alkyl, O(CH2)nSC1-6alkyl, (CH2)nNR4R5 or (CH2)nSC1-6alkyl, C(O)NR4R5; R3 is C1-6alkyl or NH2; R4 and R5 are independently selected from H, or C1-6alkyl or, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 4-8 membered saturated ring; and

Abstract: Derivatives of C2-substituted indan-1-ol compounds, processes for their preparation and their use are disclosed. In particular, the invention relates to compounds of the formula I and to their physiologically acceptable salts and physiologically functional derivatives. The compounds are suitable, for example, for use as anorectics.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for treating a mycobacterial infection by administering to an animal a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound having the formula R—SOn—Z—CO—Y, where R is an alkyl group having 6-20 carbons; Z is a radical selected from —CH2—, —O—, and —NH—, two of these radicals coupled together, or —CH2═CH2—; Y is —NH2, O—CH2—C6H5, —CO—CO—O—CH3, or O—CH3; and n is 1 or 2. It has been discovered that these compounds inhibit growth of microbial cells which synthesize &agr;-substitued, &bgr;-hydroxy fatty acids, particularly corynemycolic acid, nocardic acid, and mycolic acid. These compounds may be used to inhibit growth of mycobacterial cells, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, drug-resistant M. tuberculosis, M. avium intracellulare, and M. leprae.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to selective LXR modulators, small molecule compounds corresponding to Formula I and is further directed to a process of treating a condition in a mammal that is modulated by LXR using a therapeutically effective dose of a compound of Formula I.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel sulfoxide and bis-sulfoxide compounds, compositions comprising sulfoxide and bis-sulfoxide compounds, and methods useful for treating and preventing cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidemias, dysproteinemias, and glucose metabolism disorders comprising administering a composition comprising an ether compound. The compounds, compositions, and methods of the invention are also useful for treating and preventing Alzheimer's Disease, Syndrome X, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-related disorders, septicemia, thrombotic disorders, obesity, pancreatitis, hypertension, renal disease, cancer, inflammation, and impotence. In certain embodiments, the compounds, compositions, and methods of the invention are useful in combination therapy with other therapeutics, such as hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic agents.

Abstract: A process for preparing bicyclic 1,3-diketones of the formula I 1

Abstract: Compounds of formula I wherein the substituents are defined as in claim 1, as well as the agronomically acceptable salts, isomers and enantiomers of these compounds, as well as the agronomically acceptable salts/N-oxides/isomers/enantiomers of these compounds, are eminently suitable for use as herbicides.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to C2-substituted indan-1-ones and to their physiologically acceptable salts and physiologically functional derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel 3,4-dihydro-1H-naphthalene derivative having a structure of formula 1 or formula 2, its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and their geometric isomers as a highly selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor.

Abstract: This invention encompasses a process for making a compound of Formula A These compounds are intermediates useful in the preparation of certain non-steroidal anti-inflammnatory agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of general formula (I) wherein X1 and X2 are different form each other and have the meanings reported in the following description Y is a simple bond, C1-C12 linear or branched alkyl groups, —O—, —S—, >S═O, >SO2, NR17—, wherein R17 is H, C1-C12 linear or branched alkyl groups, COR1, and photopolymerisable formulations containing as photoinitiators the aforementioned compounds of formula (I).

Abstract: New photoacid generator compounds (“PAGs”) are provided and photoresist compositions that comprise such compounds. In particular, non-ionic PAGs are provided that contain an oxime sulfonate group, and/or an N-oxyimidosulfonate group. PAGs of the invention are particularly useful as photoactive components of photoresists imaged at short wavelengths such as 248 nm, 193 nm and 157 nm.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for preventing or treating allergic diseases of the eye, nose, skin, ear, gastrointestinal tract, airways or lung and preventing or treating manifestations of systemic mastocytosis are disclosed. The compositions contain a mast cell stabilizing disulfide derivative as an active ingredient.

Abstract: There are disclosed an alcohol derivative of formula (1): wherein Ar is an optionally substituted aryl group and R is a straight or branched C1-C3 lower alkyl group, and the wavy line depicted by indicates a single bond and stereochemistry relating to a double bond bound therewith is E or Z or a mixture thereof, and a process for producing the same and a process for producing Vitamin A aldehyde using the same.

Abstract: A new method for producing unsymmetrically substituted fluorenyl compounds, one step of which is the preparation of 2,7-disubstituted fluoren-9-one derivatives via the nucleophilic substitution of a compound of the formula D wherein A′ is selected from the group consisting of —Br, —Cl, —F, —NO2, and —CN; A is selected from the group consisting of —NO2, —CN, —CO2R, —C(O)R, —SO2R, —SO2RF, —C(CN)═C(CN)2 and —CH═C(CN)2; RF is —CpF2p+1, p=from about 0 to about 10; R is an straight, branched or cyclic aliphatic alkyl group having about 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aromatic group such as phenyl or naphthyl; and is a carbonyl or a protected carbonyl such as a ketal or thio-ketal such as wherein R′ is —CrH2r+1; R″ is —(CH2)r—; and r is independently 2 or 3, with a nucleophilic reagent in the presence of an aprotic solvent

Abstract: Selective inhibitors of the cPLA2 enzymes are provided which are of use in controlling a wide variety of inflammatory diseases. The inhibitors of the present invention have the general formula where (R′), p, D, Y, Z, Ra, Rb and A are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: There is provided a compound of the formula[I]: wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a protective group for a hydroxyl group; and A represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group of the formula A1: Q represents Q3: when A represents a halogen atom or a protective group for a hydroyl group, A represents Q4:  wherein R1 and R2 represent a hydrogen atom or a protective group for a hydroxyl group; and when A represents a hydrogen atom, Q is Q2:

Abstract: Omega chain modified 15-HETE derivatives and methods of their use for treating dry eye are disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided a ketosulfone derivative represented by the formula (I): wherein Ar represents an aryl group which may be substituted, and R1′ and R2′ represent a hydrogen atom or a protective group of a hydroxyl group and processes for producing the same.

Abstract: Amide and methide salts, comprising in the case of an amide salt one cyano (—CN) group, and in the case of a methide salt, two cyano groups are described in applications requiring a high degree of ionic dissociation. The salts are especially useful as electrolyte components in electrochemical cells such as batteries, fuel cells, capacitors, supercapacitors, electrochemical sensors and electrolytic cells, by providing a means for ionic conduction and transport.

Abstract: A process for preparing 2-amino malonic acid derivatives of formula (1): wherein A is linear or branched chain alkylene having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R1 is linear or branched chain alkyl having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, R2 and R3 are the same or different, and are lower alkyl or aralkyl, and R4 is a protecting group, which process comprises the steps of reducing a compound of formula (6): wherein A is linear or branched chain alkylene having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R1 is linear or branched chain alkyl having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, R2 and R3 are the same or different, and are lower alkyl or aralkyl, and R4 is a protecting group.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an enantioenriched sulfone of formula (1), which comprises asymmetric hydrogenation of vinyl sulfone of formula (2) wherein R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrocarbon group of less than 20 carbons atoms, optionally substituted at any position, or either of R1 and R3 is H, and X is a coordinating group, in the presence of a stereoselective chiral catalyst.

Abstract: A process for preparing 2-amino malonic acid derivatives of formula (1): 1

Abstract: Provided are novel benzothiepines, derivatives, and analogs thereof; pharmaceutical compositions containing them; and methods of using these compounds and compositions in medicine, particularly in the prophylaxis and treatment of hyperlipidemic conditions such as those associated with atherosclerosis or hypercholesterolemia, in mammals.