Abstract: A crystalline pigment or colorant composition having high color intensity and/or low sugar content, and methods and processes of preparation. The composition may comprise purified fruit and/or vegetable color juices.

Abstract: A crystalline pigment or colorant composition having high color intensity and/or low sugar content, and methods and processes of preparation. The composition may comprise purified fruit and/or vegetable color juices.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing keto-functionalized aromatic (meth)acrylates.

Abstract: An organic based extraction system is described. Embodiments of the extraction system include a first vessel, a second vessel, a third vessel, a pump, and a plurality of sight lenses. Generally, each of the vessels and the pump can be set up to form a closed loop system adapted to recover and reuse a solvent. A fluid flow from the first vessel to the second vessel, from the second vessel to the third vessel, from the third vessel to the pump, and from the pump back to the first vessel can be implemented. Typically, an extract from organic matter can be recovered in the third vessel. In one embodiment, the plurality of sight lenses can be implemented to determine if more solvent is needed and to check the extract while an extraction process is running.

Abstract: A crystalline pigment or colorant composition having high color intensity and/or low sugar content, and methods and processes of preparation. The composition may comprise purified fruit and/or vegetable color juices.

Abstract: An organic based extraction system is described. Embodiments of the extraction system include a first vessel, a second vessel, a third vessel, a pump, and a plurality of sight lenses. Generally, each of the vessels and the pump can be set up to form a closed loop system adapted to recover and reuse a solvent. A fluid flow from the first vessel to the second vessel, from the second vessel to the third vessel, from the third vessel to the pump, and from the pump back to the first vessel can be implemented. Typically, an extract from organic matter can be recovered in the third vessel. In one embodiment, the plurality of sight lenses can be implemented to determine if more solvent is needed and to check the extract while an extraction process is running.

Abstract: The present invention describes extracts of Polygonum cuspidatum and related compositions that are capable of photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, and capable of killing or inactivating cancer cells. The present invention further describes methods of using said Polygonum cuspidatum extracts and photodynamic inactivation (PDI) as a therapy for the treatment of microbial infection and as well as the use of Polygonum cuspidatum extract and related compositions as photodynamic therapy agents for the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: An organic based extraction system is described. Embodiments of the extraction system include a first vessel, a second vessel, a third vessel, a pump, and a plurality of sight lenses. Generally, each of the vessels and the pump can be set up to form a closed loop system adapted to recover and reuse a solvent. A fluid flow from the first vessel to the second vessel, from the second vessel to the third vessel, from the third vessel to the pump, and from the pump back to the first vessel can be implemented. Typically, an extract from organic matter can be recovered in the third vessel. In one embodiment, the plurality of sight lenses can be implemented to determine if more solvent is needed and to check the extract while an extraction process is running.

Abstract: Liposomal formulations and polymer conjugates of curcumin, curcumin analogs and derivatives thereof for parenteral administration are disclosed herein. The formulations are effective in the treatment of progressive supranuclear palsy, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Tauopathies or stress disorders including Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Curcumin crosses the blood brain barrier, localizes in the hippocampus and striata, prevents stress-induced neuronal cell damage, and stimulates neurogenesis and remediation of damaged neural circuits.

Abstract: In a method of treating a residue stream from the production of bisphenol-A, the residue stream is contacted with an aqueous solution of a base under conditions effective to hydrolyze at least part of said residue stream into acetone and phenol and produce an effluent stream. Acetone is recovered from the effluent stream to produce a phenol-containing mixed phase stream which is substantially free of acetone and which contains water and unhydrolyzed heavy organic compounds. The phenol-containing mixed phase stream is then treated with a water-immiscible organic solvent to extract phenol and unhydrolyzed heavy organic compounds into said solvent and produce an organic phase containing the solvent, phenol and unhydrolyzed heavy aromatic compounds and an aqueous phase with reduced concentrations of phenol and unhydrolyzed heavy organic compounds. At least part of the phenol and the organic solvent are subsequently recovered from the organic phase.

Abstract: A method is described for purifying vanillin, and derivatives thereof, from an initial solution of vanillin or of a vanillin derivative in a solvent S1 containing impurities, comprising the following steps: a) a step of evaporating the solvent S1 in the presence of water from such initial solution to obtain an aqueous solution of vanillin or of a vanillin derivative; b) a step of liquid/liquid extraction by bringing the aqueous solution obtained at the end of step a) into contact with a solvent S2, at a pH of greater than 8 and less than 10, to obtain an organic phase and an aqueous phase containing vanillin or a vanillin derivative and residual solvent S2; c) a step of precipitating, at a pH between 4 and 7.5, the vanillin contained in the aqueous phase obtained at the end of step b); and d) a step of isolating the vanillin or derivative thereof.

Abstract: A gas hydrate inhibitor composition including an aqueous solution of anthraquinones. Methods of making and using the inhibitor are also provided, as well as a method of evaluating effectiveness of an inhibitor using THF.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a carotenoid, which comprises culturing a carotenoid-producing bacterium in an amino acid-supplemented medium, and collecting the carotenoid from the resulting cultured product, wherein the amino acid is at least one selected, from the group consisting of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glutamine, asparagine, alanine, glycine, serine, threonine, arginine, tyrosine, proline, phenylalanine and leucine, and salts thereof.

Abstract: A method of inclusive separation of acetophenone and ?-methylbenzyl alcohol is provided. According to the different binding ability of Cyclodextrin (CDs) with acetophenone and ?-methylbenzyl alcohol, selective separation in mild condition can be possible. This has the advantages of mild separation conditions, high separation efficiency, simplicity, reuse ability of separation media, energy conservation and environmental protection, etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of obtaining radiopharmaceutical precursors, and in particular precursors to protected amino acid derivatives, which are used as precursors for production of radiolabelled amino acids for use in in vivo imaging procedures, such as positron emission tomography (PET).

Abstract: A method of inclusive separation of acetophenone and ?-methylbenzyl alcohol is provided. According to the different binding ability of Cyclodextrin (CDs) with acetophenone and ?-methylbenzyl alcohol, selective separation in mild condition can be possible. This has the advantages of mild separation conditions, high separation efficiency, simplicity, reuse ability of separation media, energy conservation and environmental protection, etc.

Abstract: A method is described for purifying vanillin, and derivatives thereof, from an initial solution of vanillin or of a vanillin derivative in a solvent S1 containing impurities, comprising the following steps: a) a step of evaporating the solvent S1 in the presence of water from such initial solution to obtain an aqueous solution of vanillin or of a vanillin derivative; b) a step of liquid/liquid extraction by bringing the aqueous solution obtained at the end of step a) into contact with a solvent S2, at a pH of greater than 8 and less than 10, to obtain an organic phase and an aqueous phase containing vanillin or a vanillin derivative and residual solvent S2; c) a step of precipitating, at a pH between 4 and 7.5, the vanillin contained in the aqueous phase obtained at the end of step b); and d) a step of isolating the vanillin or derivative thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for collecting a carotenoid from a culture of a carotenoid-producing bacterium at high yield. Specifically, the present invention provides a method for separating a carotenoid comprising a step of precipitating a concentrate containing the carotenoid from a culture of a carotenoid-producing bacterium under acidic conditions; and a method for producing a carotenoid comprising the steps of precipitating a concentrate containing the carotenoid from a culture of a carotenoid-producing bacterium under acidic conditions and collecting the carotenoid from the obtained precipitate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of obtaining radiopharmaceutical precursors, and in particular precursors to protected amino acid derivatives, which are used as precursors for production of radiolabelled amino acids for use in in vivo imaging procedures, such as positron emission tomography (PET).

Abstract: Chemoselective isolation of aliphatic hydroxyl group-containing and aromatic hydroxyl group-containing compounds is accomplished via formation of polymeric siloxyl ethers. Chemoselective release of aliphatic hydroxyl group-containing and aromatic hydroxyl group-containing compounds from polymeric siloxyl reagents is described.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for making hypericin comprising the steps of converting a protohypericin to a protohypericin salt, and irradiating the protohypericin salt with visible light to form hypericin. The present invention also provides an apparatus comprising a transparent column having a top end and a bottom end, an inlet attached to the column at the top end to flow reactants into the column, a container attached to the column at the bottom end; and a visible light source positioned to cast light on to the column. The present invention further provides a method for making hypericin using said apparatus.

Abstract: A method for producing acetophenone comprising: treating one or more alkylbenzenes comprising s-butylbenzene to produce a feed comprising phenol and acetophenone; separating a crude phenol stream from the feed under crude phenol separation conditions effective to produce a crude phenol heavies; and, separating an acetophenone stream directly from the crude phenol heavies under azeotropic distillation conditions.

Abstract: The present document describes a nutraceutical or cosmeceutical composition for the prophylaxis of an ailment comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a sugar plant syrup filtration residue in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The present document also describes a nutraceutical or cosmeceutical composition for improving health condition of skin. The present document describes a method of producing a sugar plant syrup-derived product; wherein the improvement is characterized in the step of: collecting a sugar plant syrup residue during the production of sugar or syrup to produce a syrup-derived by-product.

Abstract: The invention provides drug compositions with synergistic effects, which includes alcohol-soluble and water-insoluble liquorices extracts and at least one kind of anti-tumor or glucose-and-lipid-lowering drug/eatable substance, and can be used to treat tumor or lower blood glucose and lipid. Besides, the invention also provides pharmaceutical preparation, pharmaceutical application, therapeutic and preparation methods, etc. related to this drug compositon.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for making hypericin comprising the steps of converting a protohypericin to a protohypericin salt, and irradiating the protohypericin salt with visible light to form hypericin. The present invention also provides an apparatus comprising a transparent column having a top end and a bottom end, an inlet attached to the column at the top end to flow reactants into the column, a container attached to the column at the bottom end; and a visible light source positioned to cast light on to the column. The present invention further provides a method for making hypericin using said apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for collecting a carotenoid from a culture of a carotenoid-producing bacterium at high yield. Specifically, the present invention provides a method for separating a carotenoid comprising a step of precipitating a concentrate containing the carotenoid from a culture of a carotenoid-producing bacterium under acidic conditions; and a method for producing a carotenoid comprising the steps of precipitating a concentrate containing the carotenoid from a culture of a carotenoid-producing bacterium under acidic conditions and collecting the carotenoid from the obtained precipitate.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (III), wherein X and Y are as described in the description. Such compounds may, for example, be useful intermediates in the synthesis of drugs such as Dronedarone. There is also provided a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I).

Abstract: A method for producing acetophenone comprising: treating one or more alkylbenzenes comprising s-butylbenzene to produce a feed comprising phenol and acetophenone; separating a crude phenol stream from the feed under crude phenol separation conditions effective to produce a crude phenol heavies; and, separating an acetophenone stream directly from the crude phenol heavies under azeotropic distillation conditions.

Abstract: Processes for the separation and purification of polyphenol trans-resveratrol and/or anthraquinone emodin from Polygonum cuspidatum and/or Rumex acetosa, by means of solvent selective extraction. Products obtained by this process present high level of purity; being therefore useful in the preparation of nutraceutical (pharmaceutical and/or food) compositions with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, chemoprotective activities, besides protecting against infections and ischemia, treating type 1 and 2 diabetes, reducing obesity and preventing aging. Useful phytomedicines for the same therapeutic activity and prepared from the roots and/or rhizomes of Rumex acetosa or from their fractions are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for isolating coenzyme Q10 of formula (I) by separating material mixtures containing coenzyme Q10 and the compound of formula (II)

Abstract: A method for making a surfactant-based monolithic column is provided. The method comprises providing a mixture comprising at least one surfactant monomer, at least one crosslinker, at least one initiator, and at least one porogen and polymerizing the mixture to form the surfactant-based monolithic column. The present disclosure also provides a surfactant-based monolithic column, a method for separating molecules, and a process for preparing a surfactant monomer.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an alkali metal salt of 4-chloro-4?-hydroxy benzophenone including the steps of (a) preparing purified 4-chloro-4?-hydroxy benzophenone by a process including distilling under reduced pressure a liquid containing 4-chloro-4?-hydroxy benzophenone and a solvent selected from diphenyl sulphone, diphenylene sulphone, benzophenone and dichlorobenzophenone, and then (b) preparing the alkali metal salt of thus purified 4-chloro-4?-hydroxy benzophenone by the reaction of the purified 4-chloro-4?-hydroxy benzophenone with a stoichiometric excess of at least one alkali metal base. There is also described a polymerization process using the alkali metal salt to yield PEK with high inherent viscosity and improved mechanical and thermal properties.

Abstract: Compounds obtainable from plants, e.g. of the genus Eucalyptus, or from microorganisms are shown to be useful as CNS activity modulators useful e.g. in the treatment of depression, for lifting mood and/or for increasing behavioural initiative and the like. This use and related aspects form embodiments of the invention. Also compounds as such are presented. The compounds useful are acylphloroglucine derivatives of the formula I, wherein the substituents are as defined in the description.

Abstract: The present invention relates to two novel and stable crystalline forms of atovaquone, to processes for their preparation and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them. The present invention also provides crystalline particles of atovaquone having a specific surface area of from about 0.7 m2/g to about 4 m2/g, methods for the manufacture of said crystalline particles and pharmaceutical compositions comprising said crystalline particles. The present invention further provides an improved and commercially viable process for preparation of atovaquone substantially free of its undesired isomeric impurity, namely cis-2-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl]-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone.

Abstract: This invention describes a preparation of at least 99% by weight pure curcumin from less pure grades of curcumin utilizing phenol protecting groups to favor a selective recrystallization of curcumin in the presence of demethoxycurcumin and bis-demethoxycurcumin and other curcuminoids of minor composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of working up an aluminium-containing reaction product from the production of isopulegol by cyclization of citronellal in the presence of complex compounds, comprising at least one ligand of the formula (I), where Ar1, Ar2, Ar3, Ar4 are chosen from C6-C15-aryl or C2-C15-hetero; R1, R2, R3, R4 are chosen from H, C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C6-perfluoroalkyl, C1-C6-alkoxy, C7-C12-aralkyl, halogen, SiR5bR6bR7b, C6-C10-aryl, NR8bR9b, SR10b, NO2; and where R1 or R2 and/or R3 or R4, together with A, can form an aromatic or nonaromatic cycle; etc.; in which a) the aluminum-containing reaction product is subjected to distillative separation, b) the isopulegol-depleted bottom product is brought into close contact with an aqueous base and c) the ligand of the formula (I) is separated off from the organic phase, preferably by crystallization. Moreover, the invention relates to a method of producing isopulegol, and to a method of producing menthol.

Abstract: To provide a microorganism or a plant transformed with a ?-ionone ring-4-ketolase gene and/or ?-ionone ring-3-hydroxylase gene derived from Brevundimonas sp. strain SD-212. The ?-ionone ring-4-ketolase gene and ?-ionone ring-3-hydroxylase gene produced by Brevundimonas sp. strain SD-212 each have a high activity compared with those of known enzymes, and therefore microorganisms transformed with the genes encoding these enzymes can efficiently produce astaxanthin.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an alkali metal salt of 4-chloro-4?-hydroxy benzophenone including the steps of (a) preparing purified 4-chloro-4?-hydroxy benzophenone by a process including distilling under reduced pressure a liquid containing 4-chloro-4?-hydroxy benzophenone and a solvent selected from diphenyl sulphone, diphenylene sulphone, benzophenone and dichlorobenzophenone, and then (b) preparing the alkali metal salt of thus purified 4-chloro-4?-hydroxy benzophenone by the reaction of the purified 4-chloro-4?-hydroxy benzophenone with a stoichiometric excess of at least one alkali metal base. There is also described a polymerization process using the alkali metal salt to yield PEK with high inherent viscosity and improved mechanical and thermal properties.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of atovaquone exhibiting characteristic peaks (expressed in degrees 2?±0.2°?) at approximately one or more of the positions: about 7.0, 9.7, 14.2, 14.8, 17.0, 19.2, 20.4, 22.1, 22.7, 26.9 and 28.7, which comprises: (a) providing a solution comprising atovaquone in an aprotic polar solvent; (b) adding a suitable antisolvent to precipitate atovaquone; and (c) isolating the precipitate.

Abstract: Method for separating reaction product from imide compound catalyst represented by Formula (1) or derivative thereof in reaction mixture obtained by reaction in presence of imide compound catalyst: wherein R1 and R2 are each, for example, a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, where R1 and R2 may be combined to form a double bond, an aromatic ring, or a non-aromatic ring, and X is an oxygen atom or a hydroxyl group. The method includes an extraction process using two organic solvents separable from each other to thereby separate the reaction product into one organic solvent layer and the imide compound catalyst component into the other organic solvent layer. The disclosed method efficiently and simply separates the reaction product from the catalyst component.

Abstract: A process is specified by which the xanthohumol present in hops can be isolated in high yield in an economical manner. In the process an ethanol pure resin extract is first extracted with a liquid or supercritical solvent in which the xanthohumol is insoluble and the resultant extraction residue is first washed with a first solvent mixture and then the extraction residue which has been washed with the first solvent mixture is, after removing the first solvent mixture, extracted with a second solvent mixture, the first solvent mixture having a higher polarity than the second solvent mixture. The hop extract produced from the second solvent mixture has a xanthohumol content of at least 85% by weight.

Abstract: A process for the purification of 1,3-diketones comprising reacting a 1,3-diketone with an earth metal or alkaline earth metal complexing agent in an organic solvent, isolating, washing and decomposing the resulting complex, and isolating the purified 1,3-diketone.

Abstract: A first process for producing an optically active perfluoroalklylcarbinol derivative includes (a) reacting an optically active imine with a compound that is a hemiacetal of a perfluoroalkylaldehyde or a hydrate of a perfluoroalkylaldehyde to obtain a condensate; and (b) hydrolyzing the condensate under an acid condition. A second process for increasing optical purity of an optically active 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-hydroxy-1-aryl-1-butanone derivative includes (a) precipitating a racemic crystal of the derivative, from the derivative; and (b) removing the racemic crystal from the derivative. A third process for increasing optical purity of the butanone derivative includes recrystallizing the derivative. Novel compounds are optically active and inactive 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-hydroxybotanoic aryl ester derivatives.

Abstract: A first process for producing an optically active perfluoroalklylcarbinol derivative includes (a) reacting an optically active imine with a compound that is a hemiacetal of a perfluoroalkylaldehyde or a hydrate of a perfinoroalkylaldehyde to obtain a condensate; and (b) hydrolyzing the condensate under an acid condition. A second process for increasing optical purity of an optically active 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-hydroxy-1-aryl-1-butanone derivative includes (a) precipitating a racemic crystal of the derivative, from the derivative; and (b) removing the racemic crystal from the derivative. A third process for increasing optical purity of the butanone derivative (includes recrystallizing the derivative. Novel compounds are optically active and inactive 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-hydroxybotanoic aryl ester derivatives.

Abstract: A process for producing an optically active perfluoroalkylcarbinol by reacting an optically active imine with a hemiacetal or hydrate of a perfluoroalkylaldehyde to obtain a condensate, and hydrolyzing the condensate under acidic conditions. Optical purity of optically active 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-hydroxy-1-aryl-1-butanone compounds may be increased by precipitating and removing a racemic crystal, and also recrystallizing the compound. Novel compounds include optically active and inactive 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-hydroxybutanoic aryl esters. A process for producing optically active or incactive 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-hydroxybutyric acid aryl esters includes oxidizing an optically active or inactive 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-hydroxy-1-aryl-1-butanone. Optical purity of optically active aryl esters may be increased by recrystallization. Optically active 4,4,4-trifluoro-1,3-butanediol may be produced by reducing the optically active aryl ester with a hydride.

Abstract: A process for producing substantially optically pure sertraline utilizes chromatographic separation on a solid stationary chiral phase of spherical clay particles having an interlayer containing an optically pure metal-organic complex, and a liquid mobile phase preferably containing at least methyl acetate. The liquid mobile phase is preferably free of acetonitrile. The process is operable at temperatures above 40° C.

Abstract: The process for producing alicyclic monoketones (hydroxyphenylcyclohexanone derivatives) according to the present invention comprises hydrogenating substituted bisphenols such as bisphenol A in a solvent in the presence of a palladium/alkali metal catalyst in which palladium and an alkali metal are both supported on a carrier to obtain alicyclic monoketones such as 2-(4-oxocyclohexyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane. The process for producing alicyclic diketones according to the present invention comprises hydrogenating substituted bisphenols such as bisphenol A in a solvent in the presence of a palladium/alkali metal catalyst in which palladium and an alkali metal are both supported on a carrier to obtain alicyclic diketones such as 2,2-bis(4-oxocyclohexyl)propane and 4,4′-bicyclohexanone.

Abstract: A process for the selective hydrolysis of acetals in the presence of phthalides comprises reacting a mixture (M) comprising a) a phthalide of the formula (I) where: R1,R2,R3 and R4: are independently hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl or halogen, and b) an acetal or ketal of the formula (II) where: R5 and R6: are independently C1-C6-alkyl, C6-C10-aryl or together ethylene, and R7 and R8: are independently C1-C6-alkyl, or one radical is a hydrogen and the other is a phenyl radical where from 1 to 3 hydrogen atoms of the phenyl radical may be replaced by C1-C6-alkyl radicals or C1-C4-alkoxy radicals, or R7 and R8 are together C3-C6-alkanediyl, and a hydrogen atom may be replaced by a hydroxyl group, at from 10 to 200° C. in the presence of from 1 to 10 mol of water, based on the amount of acetal or ketal of the formula (II), to hydrolyze the acetal or ketal of the formula (II) to the corresponding aldehyde or ketone.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the preparation of compounds of formula I wherein: X is H or F, Y is CF3 or F and R1 is hydrogen or C1-C2alkyl; in which process (1) a compound of formula II, wherein X and Y are as defined for formula I, is reacted with an organic or inorganic nitrite or nitrous acid; (2) the resulting diazonium compound of formula III is reacted with an aldoxime of formula V R1—CH═NOH   (V) wherein R1 is as defined for formula I, in presence of CuSO4; and (3) the resulting oxime of formula IV is hydrolyzed with aqueous acid to the compound of formula I.

Abstract: New process for the synthesis of the antiinflammatory drug known as nabumetone that consists in reacting 2-acetyl-5-bromo-6-methoxynaphthalene with an alkyl acetate in presence of an alkaline alcoholate to get 4-(5-bromo-6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-4-hydroxybut-3-en-2-one that by catalytic hydrogenation in a polar solvent and in presence of a base gives 4-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)butan-2-one known as nabumetone.