Abstract: A process for producing 2-phenylacetophenone derivatives represented by the formula (I): (wherein X is an alkyl group or a haloalkyl group, and Y is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group which may be substituted), which comprises reacting a compound represented by the formula (II): (wherein X and Y are as defined above, and R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group) with an acid.

Abstract: Novel and known trifluoroacetyl-substituted phenyl, phenol and benzoyl compounds for the treatment and/or inhibition of obesity and of concomitant and/or secondary diseases involved therewith, in particular metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. Novel trifluoroacetyl-substituted phenyl, phenol and benzoyl compounds, pharmaceutical preparations containing them and processes for the preparation of these compounds. Also compounds acting as inhibitors of lipase, in particular pancreatic lipase.

Abstract: The present invention concerns alkyl aryl carbonyl compounds that possess anti-infective activity. The compounds of the invention can be used to target specific nuclear localization signal, thereby blocking importation of specific proteins or molecular complex into the nucleus of a cell. The invention encompasses methods of use of such compounds for treatment or prevention of infectious diseases, such as parasitic and viral diseases, including, for example, malaria and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The use of the compounds to detect certain specific protein structures which are present in nuclear localization sequences is also taught.

Abstract: A compound having the formula (I) wherein the substituents are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions including a compound of formula (I) in a pharmaceutical carrier, for treating a disease caused by a picornavirus. Also provided is a method of treating a subject with a disease caused by a picornavirus, including a compound of formula (I) in a pharmaceutical carrier.

Abstract: The invention describes a process for the preparation of 1,2-diarylethanones by reaction of an arylacetonitrile and an aromatic compound and hydrolysis of the ketimine compound formed, where the solvent used for the reaction is at least one dialkyl ether of a mono- or polyalkylene glycol or a cyclic ether having at least two oxygen atoms. The process produces good yields at room temperature, and drying of the solvent is not required.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of aromatic carbonyl compound with carbonyl group attached to its aromatic ring, particularly relates to a process for the preparation of aromatic carbonyl compound with carbonyl group attached to its aromatic ring, by oxidizing with molecular oxygen the methylene or alcoholic group attached to aromatic ring of an aromatic compound, using a polyoxotnetallate(s) anion exchanged hydrotalcite catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for regiospecific chlorination of an aromatic or aliphatic compound with a chlorine source comprising a metal chloride and other than Cl2 and SO2Cl2 in presence of hypervalent iodine catalyst and in acidic medium.

Abstract: A method of forming a polymer layer on a support surface by the use of a coating agent and polymerizable compounds. The coating agent provides photoreactive groups adapted to attach the agent to the surface, as well as photoreactive groups adapted to remain unattached to the surface, and thus serve as photoinitiators for the activation of polymerizable compounds in order to form a polymer layer thereon. Also provided are coating agents, per se, as well as a method of using such agents and the resultant surfaces and devices fabricated therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula 1

Abstract: The present invention concerns alkyl aryl carbonyl compounds that possess anti-infective activity. The compounds of the invention can be used to target specific nuclear localization signal, thereby blocking importation of specific proteins or molecular complex into the nucleus of a cell. The invention encompasses methods of use of such compounds for treatment or prevention of infectious diseases, such as parasitic and viral diseases, including, for example, malaria and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The use of the compounds to detect certain specific protein structures which are present in nuclear localization sequences is also taught.

Abstract: Method of performing alkylation or acylation reactions of aromatic substrates under supercritical or near-critical reaction conditions. In particular, a method of performing Friedel-Crafts alkylation or acylation reactions is disclosed under those conditions. Friedel-Crafts reactions may be effected using a heterogeneous catalyst in a continuous flow reactor containing a super-critical or near-critical reaction medium. Selectivity of product formation can be achieved by varying one or more of the temperature, pressure, catalyst, flow rates and also by varying the ratios of aromatic substrate to acylating or alkylating agent.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the use of &agr;,&agr;-dibromo-&agr;-chloroacetophenone compounds as intermediates for the preparation of aromatic carbonyl compounds, especially aromatic amides. The compound 2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-&agr;,&agr;-dibromo-&agr;-chloroacetophenone is especially useful as an intermediate for the preparation of flecainide, a known pharmaceutical.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to aromatic derivatives of formula (I), wherein: R1 is (a), wherein R3 and R4 are selected from between H and OH, provided that R3 and R4 are not simultaneously H, and R2 is H; or R1 and R2 taken together, are (b), wherein R5 is selected from between CH3 and (CH2)5OH, to the iron complexes thereof, and to their use for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the normalization of iron level.

Abstract: An improved process for producing optical materials with minimized yellowing is described. The process is characterized by polymerizing/curing a composition for optical materials after adding a bluing agent. With the use of the bluing agent, the yellowing is minimized even when a large amount of an ultraviolet light absorber is used to improve a light resistance of the resultant optical material, thereby enabling the production of optical materials having a colorless and transparent appearance and excellent optical properties.

Abstract: The invention involves the formation of a prodrug from a fatty acid carrier and a neuroactive drug. The prodrug is stable in the environment of both the stomach and the bloodstream and may be delivered by ingestion. The prodrug passes readily through the blood brain barrier. Once in the central nervous system, the prodrug is hydrolyzed into the fatty acid carrier and the drug to release the drug. In a preferred embodiment, the carrier is 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19 docosahexa-enoic acid and the drug is dopamine. Both are normal components of the central nervous system. The covalent bond between the drug and the carrier preferably is an amide bond, which bond may survive the conditions in the stomach. Thus, the prodrug may be ingested and will not be hydrolyzed completely into the carrier molecule and drug molecule in the stomach.

Abstract: The polymerizable compound of this invention is represented by general formula (I): where R is H, R′, R′O, R′COO, or R′OCO, R′ is a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having 1 to about 15 carbon atoms, A1 and A2 are independently a cyclohexane ring or a benzene ring which may include a substituent represented by formula (II) below; X is H or CH3; and Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 are independently H, F, Cl, CH3, CH3O, CF3, or CF3O wherein at least two of Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 are H and, if both A1 and A2 are cyclohexane rings, at least one of Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 is not H: where Y5, Y6, Y7, and Y8 are independently H, F, Cl, CH3, CH3O, CF3, or CF3O, at least two of Y5, Y6, Y7, and Y8 are H.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a novel optically active compound represented by the general formula [IV]. This method includes the step of reacting a vinyl ether with a halogenated acetaldehyde in the presence of an optically active binaphthol-titanium complex. With this, the novel optically active compound can be produced very easily. Furthermore, the novel optically active compound can easily be oxidized to a novel optically active &agr;,&bgr;-dihydrexyketone represented by the general formula [V]. These novel optically active compounds can each be used as useful intermediates.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of olefins having aromatic substituents is described in which olefins are reacted with aryl halides in the presence of catalysts consisting of palladium compounds and tetraaryl phosphonium salts.

Abstract: The invention involves the formation of a prodrug from a fatty acid carrier and a neuroactive drug. The prodrug is stable in the environment of both the stomach and the bloodstream and may be delivered by ingestion. The prodrug passes readily through the blood brain barrier. Once in the central nervous system, the prodrug is hydrolyzed into the fatty acid carrier and the drug to release the drug. In a preferred embodiment, the carrier is 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19 docosahexa-enoic acid and the drug is dopamine. Both are normal components of the central nervous system. The covalent bond between the drug and the carrier preferably is an amide bond, which bond may survive the conditions in the stomach. Thus, the prodrug may be ingested and will not be hydrolyzed completely into the carrier molecule and drug molecule in the stomach.

Abstract: Acetophenones which are di- or polysubstituted by fluoroalkyl groups on the aromatic ring are prepared in a particularly advantageous manner from the corresponding fluoroalkylanilines and acetaldoxime by preparing a corresponding diazonium salt mixture from the fluoroalkylaniline, reacting this mixture with acetaldoxime in the presence of at least one copper and/or palladium compound, without adding buffer salts or a reducing agent, carrying out the reaction with acetaldoxime at 5 to 50° C. and in the presence of halide ions and at least one strong acid that is not a hydrohalic acid, and finally heating the mixture to a temperature in the range 70 to 160° C.

Abstract: This invention provides an improved process for cis-1-{2-[4-(6-methoxy-2-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)phenoxy]ethyl}pyrrolidine which is an intermediate for the preparation of (-)cis-6-phenyl-5-[4-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-phenyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-ol which is useful for the treatment of osteoporosis.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the preparation of compounds of formula I wherein: X is H or F, Y is CF3 or F and R1 is hydrogen or C1-C2alkyl; in which process (1) a compound of formula II, wherein X and Y are as defined for formula I, is reacted with an organic or inorganic nitrite or nitrous acid; (2) the resulting diazonium compound of formula III is reacted with an aldoxime of formula V R1—CH═NOH   (V) wherein R1 is as defined for formula I, in presence of CuSO4; and (3) the resulting oxime of formula IV is hydrolyzed with aqueous acid to the compound of formula I.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for acylation of an aromatic compound. The acylation process of the invention consists of reacting the aromatic compound with an acylation agent in the presence of a zeolitic catalyst, and is characterized in that it consists of: mixing the aromatic compound and the acylation compound in any manner; passing said mixture over a catalytic bed comprising at least one zeolite; recirculating the reaction mixture from the catalytic bed over the catalytic bed for a number of times which is sufficient to obtain the desired degree of conversion of the substrate.

Abstract: Acetophenones which are substituted on the aromatic ring by fluoroalkyl are prepared in a particularly advantageous, environmentally friendly and effective manner from fluoroalkylanilines and acetaldoxime by preparing from a fluoroalkylaniline a corresponding diazonium salt solution, and reacting this with acetaldoxime in the presence of at least one copper compound, without adding any buffer salts or reducing agents, carrying out the reaction at from 20 to 50° C. and in the presence of halide ions and subsequently heating to a temperature in the range from 70 to 110° C.

Abstract: Compounds useful as preventive and therapeutic agents for bone and cartilage diseases; and drug compositions containing the same. The compounds are polyhydroxyphenol derivatives of general formula (I) and quinione analogues derived therefrom (wherein R1 is alkyl, optionally substituted benzyl or optionally substituted aryl; R2 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or optionally substituted benzyl; R3 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, optionally substituted benzyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy or optionally substituted benzyloxy; R4 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, optionally substituted benzyl or hydroxyl; and R5 and R6 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or optionally substituted benzyl). The polyhydroxyphenol derivatives and the quinone analogues exhibit a potent inhibitory activity against bone resorption and are useful as preventive and therapeutic agents for bone and cartilage diseases.

Abstract: Novel modified and improved beta-diketones and their use in the extraction of copper from aqueous ammoniacal solutions containing copper values, resulting from commercial processes, including, but not limited to, leaching of copper containing ores, such as sulfidic ores, or concentrates resulting from flotation of such sulfidic ores. The novel diketones are those highly sterically hindered, which may be represented by the formula I or II: ##STR1## The preferred beta-diketones of Formula [II] are selected from the group consisting of neo-alkyl beta-diketones, such as, 1-phenyl-3-neoalkyl-1,3 propanedione in which the neoalkyl group is selected from neohexyl, neoheptyl, neooctyl, neononyl, or neodecyl.

Abstract: A method of generating reactive species which includes exposing a photoreactor composition to radiation, in which the photoreactor composition comprises a wavelength-specific sensitizer associated with one or more reactive species-generating photoinitiators. Also described are methods of polymerizing unsaturated monomers and curing an unsaturated oligomer/monomer mixture.

Abstract: The invention involves the formation of a prodrug from a fatty acid carrier and a neuroactive drug. The prodrug is stable in the environment of both the stomach and the bloodstream and may be delivered by ingestion. The prodrug passes readily through the blood brain barrier. Once in the central nervous system, the prodrug is hydrolyzed into the fatty acid carrier and the drug to release the drug. In a preferred embodiment, the carrier is 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19 docosahexa-enoic acid and the drug is dopamine. Both are normal components of the central nervous system. The covalent bond between the drug and the carrier preferably is an amide bond, which bond may survive the conditions in the stomach. Thus, the prodrug may be ingested and will not be hydrolyzed completely into the carrier molecule and drug molecule in the stomach.

Abstract: The present invention provides high purity trifluoromethylacetophenones of the general formula:F.sub.3 C--(C.sub.6 H.sub.4)-(C.dbd.O)--CH.sub.3wherein the position of the CF.sub.3 -- group on the aromatic ring may be in the 2-, 3-, or 4- position relative to the acetyl, --(C.dbd.O)--CH.sub.3, group, said trifluoromethylacetophenone being substantially free of other organic or inorganic materials, wherein said trifluoromethylacetophenones are produced by a novel high yield process.

Abstract: Molecular complex compounds comprising a mono-, bis- or trisacylphosphine oxide compound with an .alpha.-hydroxy ketone compound are suitable as photoinitiators for the photopolymerization of free-radically polymerizable compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for the preparation of aryl-.beta.-diketones and aryl-pyrimidine ketones. In addition, this invention relates to the preparation of aryl-.beta.-triketones and dimethyl aminomethylene .beta.-diketones, which are useful as crop protection intermediates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 4-halo-2-fluoro-5-alkylbenzoyl compounds and their methods of manufacture. These compounds are useful for the preparation of agricultural chemicals and medicines, particularly as intermediates for an active class of aryl-haloalkylpyrazole and aryl alkylsulfonylpyrazole herbicides.

Abstract: Method and reagent composition for covalent attachment of target molecules, such as nucleic acids, onto the surface of a substrate. The reagent composition includes groups capable of attracting the target molecule as well as groups capable of covalently binding to the target molecule, once attracted. Optionally, the composition can contain photoreactive groups for use in attaching the reagent composition to the surface.

Abstract: A simple, high yielding synthesis of a-chloro ketones is described, involving acylation of Grignard and organolithium reagents with N-methoxy-N-methylchloroacetamide. The efficiency of the process is further enhanced by recycling N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine.

Abstract: A method of generating reactive species which includes exposing a photoreactor composition to radiation, in which the photoreactor composition comprises a wavelength-specific sensitizer associated with a reactive species-generating photoinitiator. Also described are methods of polymerizing unsaturated monomers and curing an unsaturated oligomer/monomer mixture.

Abstract: Heteroarylpiperidines, pyrrolidines, and piperazines are useful as antipsychotic and analgesic agents. the compounds are especially useful for treating psychoses by administering to a mammal a psychoses-treating effective amount of one of the compounds. Depot derivatives of the compounds are useful for providing long acting effects of the compounds. The compounds are also useful as analgesics by administering a pain-relieving effective amount of one of the compounds to a mammal.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula (I), stereosiomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein each of Z and Z' are independently H or F; Q is (a), CH(OH), (b); X is H, Br, Cl, F or CF.sub.3 ; Y is H, Br, Cl, F, OH, OR.sub.5, OC(O)R.sub.4, N.sub.3, CN, NO.sub.2, SO.sub.3 H, CO.sub.2 R.sub.4, NH.sub.2, NHR.sub.9, NR.sub.9 R'.sub.9, C(R.sub.6)(R.sub.7)(V'R.sub.8) or C(O)R.sub.7, provided that when both Z and Z' are F, then Y is H or F; V and V' are each independently CH.sub.2 or O; R.sub.1 is H or CH.sub.3 ; R.sub.2, R.sub.9 and R'.sub.9 are each independently (C.sub.1-6)alkyl, or R.sub.2 and V--R.sub.3 taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a 3-6 membered ring; R.sub.3, R.sub.6, R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are each independently H, (C.sub.1-6)alkyl, or (C.sub.3-6)cycloalkyl; R.sub.4 is H, (C.sub.1-10)alkyl, (C.sub.0-4)alkylene aryl or (C.sub.3-8)cycloalkyl; and R.sub.5 is (C.sub.1-10)alkyl, benzyl, phenethyl or (C.sub.

Abstract: Heteroarylpiperidines, pyrrolidines, and piperazines are useful as antipsychotic and analgesic agents. the compounds are especially useful for treating psychoses by administering to a mammal a psychoses-treating effective amount of one of the compounds. Depot derivatives of the compounds are useful for providing long acting effects of the compounds. The compounds are also useful as analgesics by administering a pain-relieving effective amount of one of the compounds to a mammal.

Abstract: Heteroarylpiperidines, pyrrolidines, and piperazines are useful as antipsychotic and analgesic agents, the compounds are especially useful for treating psychoses by administering to a mammal a psychoses-treating effective amount of one of the compounds. Depot derivatives of the compounds are useful for providing long acting effects of the compounds. The compounds are also useful as analgesics by administering a pain-relieving effective amount of one of the compounds to a mammal.

Abstract: Heteroarylpiperidines, pyrrolidines, and piperazines are useful as antipsychotic and analgesic agents. The compounds are especially useful for treating psychoses by administering to a mammal a psychoses-treating effective amount of one of the compounds. Depot derivatives of the compounds are useful for providing long acting effects of the compounds. The compounds are also useful as analgesics by administering a pain-relieving effective amount of one of the compounds to a mammal.

Abstract: Heteroarylpiperidines, pyrrolidines, and piperazines are useful as antipsychotic and analgesic agents. The compounds are especially useful for treating psychoses by administering to a mammal a psychoses-treating effective amount of one of the compounds. Depot derivatives of the compounds are useful for providing long acting effects of the compounds. The compounds are also useful as analgesics by administering a pain-relieving effective amount of one of the compounds to a mammal.

Abstract: Heteroarylpiperidines, pyrrolidines, and piperazines are useful as antipsychotic and analgesic agents. the compounds are especially useful for treating psychoses by administering to a mammal a psychoses-treating effective amount of one of the compounds. Depot derivatives of the compounds are useful for providing long acting effects of the compounds. The compounds are also useful as analgesics by administering a pain-relieving effective amount of one of the compounds to a mammal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the oxidative bleaching of wood pulps and for deinking waste paper by means of hydrogen peroxide and a stabilizing agent, wherein, as stabilizing agent, there is used 2-oxo-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-acethydroximic acid chloride (N,4-dihydroxy-.alpha.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel hafnium compound represented by the formula Hf(OSO.sub.2 CF.sub.3).sub.4 and a process using a hafnium compound represented by the formula Hf(OSO.sub.2 CF.sub.3).sub.4 as a catalyst in a Friedel-Crafts reaction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel intermediates for the preparation of vitamin A and carotenoids, corresponding to the following formula (I): ##STR1## in which X is a carbon atom; n is equal to 1 or 2; R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be identical or different, each independently represent hydrogen, alkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkenyl containing 2 to 11 carbon atoms or aryl, each alkyl and alkenyl may be linear, branched or cyclic, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a cycloaliphatic compound which is optionally substituted; and R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7 and R.sub.8, which may be identical or different, each independently represent hydrogen, alkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkenyl containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms, each alkyl or alkenyl being linear, or if containing sufficient numbers of carbon atoms, may also be branched or cyclic, or an aryl containing 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or any two of R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.

Abstract: A release tag reagent suitable for use in the chemical analysis of a substance to be detected comprises signal, release, and reactivity groups. A class of release tag compounds that are cleaved to release as signal groups very stable electrophoric ketones which are sufficiently volatile for determination in the gas phase of an analytical reaction mixture is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition comprising(a) at least one ammonium salt of an inorganic or organic acid,(b) a compound of formula I ##STR1## wherein R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 2 to 12 carbon atoms which is interrupted by --O-- atoms, and n is an integer from 1 to 5, and(c) at least one high molecular weight compound selected from the group consisting of the polynucleotides, oligosaccharides, proteins and macrocyclic metal complexes, and to the use thereof for the matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectroscopy of oligonucleotide sequences.

Abstract: Certain new phenone derivatives of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 =CH.sub.3,R.sup.2 =H, Cl, Br, I, methyl, hydroxy, methoxy, propoxy, propoxy or ethoxy;R.sup.3 =H or .beta.-D-glykosyl;R.sup.4 =H, Cl, Br, I, methyl, hydroxy, methoxy, propoxy, iso-propoxy or ethoxy;R.sup.5 =H or hydroxy,and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, ethers and esters thereof, with the exception of the compounds 4-hydroxyacetophenone, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-acetophenone, 4-glucopyranosyloxy-acetophenone, 4-glucopyranosyloxy-3-methoxyacetophenone, 4-galactopyranosyloxy-3-methoxy-acetophenone, 4-glucopyranosyloxy-3,5-dimethoxy-acetophenone and galactopyranosyloxy-3,5-dimethoxy-acetophenone and a method for manufacturing them and pharmaceutical preparations containing them. The invention also concerns pharmaceutical preparations containing at least one compound of the formula (II) ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 denotes H, OH, alkoxy or C.sub.1-8 alkyl;R.sup.2 denotes H or C.sub.1-4 alkoxy;R.sup.3 denotes OH or a .beta.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions containing novel beta-diketones of formula (I) and formula (II),R.sub.1 COCH.sub.2 COR.sub.2 (I)R.sub.2 COCH.sub.2 COR.sub.2 (II)which may be used to stabilize various polymers, such as polyvinyl chlorides (PVCs). The present invention is also directed to a method for preparing .beta.-diketones by a Claisen condensation reaction, which is represented as follows:R.sub.4 COCHR.sub.5 H+R.sub.6 C(O)OR.sub.7 +RO.sup.- .fwdarw.[R.sub.4 COCR.sub.5 COR.sub.6 ]--+R.sub.7 OH+ROH.

Abstract: Arylketoamines are prepared by reacting arylisonitrosoalkanones with hydrogen in the presence of a transition metal catalyst and a liquid carboxylic acid at a temperature of less than about 600.degree. C.