Abstract: The present invention provides novel fluorinated abscisic acid derivative represented by formula of: ##STR1## wherein: X is O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 O or O; and,R is hydroxymethyl, aldehyde, C.sub.1-2 alkoxycarbonyl or carboxyl group.The present invention also provides a novel process for preparing the fluorinated abscisic acid derivative represented as the formula (I), and also provides their use for plant growth regulator.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of vitamin A which preferably comprises bringing cyclogeranyl sulphone into contact with a C.sub.10 aldehyde acetal, halogenating the derivative obtained and then removing the halogen group and the sulphone, removing the acetal group and isomerizing the retinal obtained to the desired configuration. Also disclosed are compounds useful as intermediates in the synthesis of vitamin A and processes for preparation of these intermediate compounds.

Abstract: A method of isolating, purifying and recrystallizing substantially pure lutein, preferably from saponified marigold oleoresin in its pure free form, apart from chemical impurities and other carotenoids. Lutein may be used as an analytical standard or in cancer prevention trials and as a safe and effective color additive for human food.

Abstract: A novel process is described for the manufacture of a mixture of 6-(2',6',6'-trimethyl-cyclohex-1'-en-1'-yl)-4-methyl-hex-3-en-1-ol and -4-en-1-ol (I) and, respectively, of a mixture of [3a.alpha.,5a.beta.,9a.alpha.,9b.beta.]-dodecahydro-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyln aphtho[2,1-b]furan and [3a.alpha.,5a.beta.,9a.alpha.,9b.alpha.

Abstract: Novel azulenic retinoid compounds and therapeutic compositions are disclosed, along with method for their production and use as anti-cancer and cancer-prevention agents. The compositions of the present invention will also find use in treating dermatological disorders such as acne and psoriasis, as well as dermatologically-related conditions such as repair and effacement of wrinkles.

Abstract: A process for producing a stable, bactericidal and fungicidal composition which consists essentially of bubbling air or oxygen into limonene, to produce an oxidized limonene having a rapid bactericidal activity as evidenced by the capability of killing substantially all of the bacteria in a suitable culture medium inoculated with 10.sup.6 colony forming units of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 per ml. of said broth, containing not more than 0.06 ml of said oxidized limonene per ml. of said broth and incubated at 37.degree. C. in air for 60 minutes.

Abstract: A process for producing a stable, bactericidal and fungicidal composition which consists essentially of bubbling air or oxygen into limonene, to produce an oxidized limonene having a rapid bactericidal activity as evidenced by the capability of killing at least 99.99% of the bacteria in a suitable culture medium inoculated with 10.sup.6 colony forming units of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 per ml.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of tertiary alcohols, alpha-alkyl substituted nitriles, alkyl-substituted imines or tertiary amines by alkylation of a starting material that is a carbonyl compound or a nitrile followed by hydrolysis wherein the alkylation is carried out with the aid of a reaction system formed by suspending a mixture of:substantially 15 to 25% by weight of methyllithium or ethyllithium;substantially 35 to 45% by weight of an inorganic compound selected from the group which consists of at least one metal oxide selected from the group which consists of SiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and CaO, and synthetic anhydrous aluminum silicate; andsubstantially 35 to 45% by weight of a paraffin oil or wax; in an organic solvent selected from the group which consists of:C.sub.5 to C.sub.10 saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, C.sub.5 to C.sub.

Abstract: There is provided an inhibitory agent of an increase in blood sugar level, comprising conduritol A of the formula(I): ##STR1## or a derivative thereof, as an active component.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydroxylated derivatives of vitamin D.sub.2 and a process for preparing such compounds. In particular, a process for preparing the 24-epimer of vitamin D.sub.2 and the corresponding 1.alpha.-hydroxylated derivative thereof is disclosed. The vitamin D.sub.2 derivatives would find application in the treatment of or prophylaxsis for various disease states characterized by calcium and phosphorous imbalances.

Abstract: An enantioselective process for the preparation of homoallyl alcohol enantiomer of formula II ##STR1## wherein: X.sup.1, X.sup.2 and X.sup.3 independently chosen from the group consisting of hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, iodine, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 and C.sub.6 haloalkyl, and haloaryl; andR.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently chosen from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl; or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is as hereinbefore defined and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; which process comprises; reacting an aldehyde of formula III with an alkene or formula IV in the presence of an optically-active organometallic catalyst. ##STR2## Furthermore, the compound of formula II can be isomerized to the allylic alcohol of formula I with retention of optical purity.

Abstract: A process for preparing an optically active alcohol is disclosed, which comprises asymmetrically hydrogenating a 1,3-diketone in the presence of a ruthenium-optically active phosphine complex as a catalyst. The resulting alcohol has high optical purity.

Abstract: Process for inverting the configuration of secondary alcohols in which the hydroxyl group is attached to an asymmetric carbon atom, in accordance with which the secondary alcohols are esterified, with inversion of their configuration, by conversion into isourea ethers and reaction of these isourea ethers with carboxylic acids, and the esters are then saponified with retention of the configuration of the secondary alcohols.

Abstract: A novel derivative of (-)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo [3.1.1]ept-2-ene-2-ethanol (J. P. Bain, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, vol. 68, page 638) is disclosed. The parent composition is marketed e.g. under the name nopol, v. The Aldrich-Europe Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals, item 3160-5 nopol 98% 128-50-7.The object of the present invention is the compound of formula (I): 4-(2-hydroxyethyl) -.alpha..alpha.dimethyl-5-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol, with the process for obtaining the same, which consists of the preparation of (-)-(6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]ept-2-ene-2-ethanol epoxide, followed by hydration of the above compound. Finally, this invention comprises the pharmaceutical compositions containing the compound of formula (I) which have a mucosecretolytic pharmacological activity.

Abstract: Aliphatic or cyclic epoxides containing 3 to 8 carbon atoms which are present in aromatic hydrocarbons or halohydrocarbons are saponified continuously and directly to vicinal diols without the use of high temperatures and pressures which would otherwise be necessary. The saponification is acid catalyzed.

Abstract: Composition consisting of from less than 100% to more than about 80% of trans-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexyl)-hexan-3-ol and a definite amount, but not more than about 20%, of cis-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexyl)-hexan-3-ol.Process for preparing same from .beta.-cyclocitral via a three-, optionally, four-step pathway.Utilization of the said composition as effective perfume ingredient.

Abstract: A novel derivative of (-)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.3.1]ept-2-ene-2-methanol is disclosed.The compound which is an object of the present invention, is the derivative :.alpha.,.alpha.-dimethyl-5-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-1,4-dimethanol.The present invention further discloses the process for obtaining the compound which consists in preparing the (-)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.3.1]ept-2-ene-2-methanol epoxide, thereafter hydrating the above compound and separating the compound from the hydration products. Finally, this invention comprises the pharmaceutical compositions containing the compound which possess a pharmacological mucosecretolytic activity.

Abstract: The object of the present invention are the following diastereoisomer compounds (as derived from (-)-5-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-2-methyl-2-cyclohexene-1-one):(I): (1S-5R) 5-hydroxy-.alpha.,.alpha.-4,5-tetramethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol (CO/1516)(II): (1S-5S) 5-hydroxy-.alpha.,.alpha.-4,5-tetramethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol (CO/1517)which can be separated from the mixture of (I)+(II) at the % proportion of 44.44/55.55; said mixture will be hereinafter also designated either by the code CO/1483 or by (III).This invention provides, furthermore, the process for obtaining the mixture (III) (CO/1483) by reaction of (-)-5-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-2-methyl-2-cyclohexene-1-one with methyl-lithium and for separating the diastereoisomers (I) and (II) by a chromatographic method.Finally, the present invention comprises pharmaceutical compositions which contain the compounds (I), (II) and the mixture (III), when possess a pharmacologic mucosecretolytic activity.

Abstract: Olefins are produced by containing an organic compound having at least one benzene ring with ethylenediamine and calcium metal, the calcium metal being used in large excess or alternatively in conjunction with an inert abrasive particulate substance. Substantially all of the organic compounds are converted to corresponding cyclic olefins, largely mono-olefins.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compounds having pharmaceutical activity and having the general structure ##STR1## wherein the Z, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, n and m are defined within.

Abstract: Described are mono-oxomethyl substituted polyhydrodimethanonaphthalene derivatives having the generic structure: ##STR1## wherein the dashed line represents a carbon-carbon single bond or a carbon-carbon double bond; wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.1 ', R.sub.1 ", R.sub.1 "', R.sub.1 "", R.sub.3, R.sub.5, R.sub.5 ', R.sub.5 ", R.sub.5 "', R.sub.5 "" and R.sub.6 represent hydrogen or methyl with the provisos:(i) at least four of R.sub.1, R.sub.1 ', R.sub.1 ", R.sub.1 "' and R.sub.1 "" are hydrogen; and (ii) at least four of R.sub.5, R.sub.5 ', R.sub.5 ", R.sub.5 "' and R.sub.5 "" represent hydrogen;and wherein Z represents one of the moieties:(i) carboxaldehyde having the structure: ##STR2## (ii) alkylene dioxy or dialkoxy methyl having the structure: ##STR3## (iii) hydroxy methyl having the structure: ##STR4## (iv) acetoxymethyl having the structure: ##STR5## and wherein R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 taken separately represent C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 lower alkyl or R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 taken together represent C.sub.2 -C.sub.

Abstract: Described is the genus of compounds defined according to the structure: ##STR1## wherein at least one of the lines:[++++]represents a carbon-carbon single bond and the other of the lines:[++++]represents a carbon-carbon double bond or a carbon-carbon single bond; wherein the moiety X represents one of the moieties: ##STR2## wherein when the moiety X has the structure: ##STR3## then one of the lines:[++++]is a carbon-carbon double bond and the other of the lines:[++++]is a carbon-carbon single bond and when the moiety X has the structure: ##STR4## then both of the lines:[++++]represent carbon-carbon single bonds; wherein, one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represent 2-methyl-1-propenyl or 2-methyl-1-propylidenyl; and the other of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represent hydrogen; with the provisos that:(i) when the line:[++++]at the 3-4 position is a double bond, then R.sub.3 is hydrogen or 2-methyl-1-propenyl; and(ii) when the line:[++++]at the 2-3 position is a double bond, then R.sub.

Abstract: Described are mono-oxomethyl substituted polyhydrodimethanonaphthalene derivatives having the generic structure: ##STR1## wherein the dashed line represents a carbon-carbon single bond or a carbon-carbon double bond; wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.1 ', R.sub.1 ", R.sub.1 '", R.sub.1 "", R.sub.3, R.sub.5, R.sub.5 ', R.sub.5 ", R.sub.5 '", R.sub.5 "" and R.sub.6 represent hydrogen or methyl with the provisos:(i) at least four of R.sub.1, R.sub.1 ', R.sub.1 ", R.sub.1 '" and R.sub.1 "" are hydrogen; and (ii) at least four of R.sub.5, R.sub.5 ', R.sub.5 ", R.sub.5 '" and R.sub.5 "" represent hydrogen;and wherein Z represents one of the moieties:(i) carboxaldehyde having the structure: ##STR2## (ii) alkylene dioxy or dialkoxy methyl having the structure: ##STR3## (iii) hydroxy methyl having the structure: ##STR4## (iv) acetoxymethyl having the structure: ##STR5## and wherein R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 taken separately represent C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 lower alkyl or R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 taken together represent C.sub.2 -C.sub.

Abstract: Multistep process for preparing (+)-p-mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol from (+)-(R)-limonene. New compounds useful as intermediates in said process.

Abstract: New quinone compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is methyl or methoxy, or the two R.sup.1 groups jointly represent --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH--; X is --CH.dbd.CH-- or --C.dbd.C--; Y.sup.1 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, carboxyl, cyano, acyloxy or --COZ in which Z is amino which may be substituted; m is zero or an integer of 1 to 3; n is zero or an integer of 1 to 10; n' is an integer of 1 to 5; k is an integer of 1 to 3; and when k is 2 or 3, n' is optionally variable within the range of 1 to 5 in each occurrence of the --X--(CH.sub.2).sub.n' group; and their hydroquinone forms and salts, have useful physiological activities such as antiasthmatic, antiallergic and bloodpressure decreasing activities.

Abstract: The present invention describes cycloaliphatic alcohols prepared via a Diels-Alder reaction.

Abstract: The process for the manufacture of but-2-en-1-ol compounds by isomerizing but-3-en-1-ol compounds in the presence of a palladium catalyst and of hydrogen is improved by modifying the palladium catalyst with selenium or tellurium.The but-2-en-1-ols manufactured according to the invention are either solvents or valuable starting materials for the manufacture of solvents, dyes, surface coatings, paints and pesticides.

Abstract: Perillic alcohol is prepared by allowing beta-pinene epoxide to react with an aqueous suspension of mercuric salt, after this, the organic fraction is removed from the reaction medium, and treated with an inorganic acid. If the inorganic fraction is left untreated, 7, 8-dihydroxy-1-paramenthene is obtained. Perillic alcohol and derivatives thereof are used in the fields of perfumery, cosmetics and soaps.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with odorant and/or flavoring substances, a process for the manufacture thereof, odorant and/or flavoring compositions containing same and a process for the preparation of said compositions. The invention is also concerned with a method of imparting an odor and/or a flavor to materials using said substances or compositions.

Abstract: The yield of alkenols and cycloalkenols is substantially improved by carrying out the reaction of olefins with formaldehyde in the presence of selected catalysts. In accordance with one embodiment, alk-3-en-1-ols are produced in good yields from isobutylene and formaldehyde in the presence of compounds of the metals of Groups VB, VIIB, and VIII.

Abstract: 15,15'-Didehydro-astaxanthin and ester derivatives thereof useful as coloring agents and intermediates for astaxanthin and a method for preparing astaxanthin from keto .alpha.-isophorone and intermediates therein.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to novel D-homosteroids. More particularly, the invention is concerned with hormonally active novel D-homosteroids, a process for the manufacture thereof and pharmaceutical preparations containing same.

Abstract: The yield of alkenols and cycloalkenols is substantially improved by carrying out the reaction of olefins with formaldehyde in the presence of selected catalysts. In accordance with one embodiment, alk-3-en-1-ols are produced in good yields from isobutylene and formaldehyde in the presence of organic carboxylic acid salts of Group IB metals.

Abstract: The yield of alkenols and cycloalkenols is substantially improved by carrying out the reaction of olefins with formaldehyde in the presence of selected catalysts. In accordance with one embodiment, alk-3-en-1-ols are produced in good yields from isobutylene and formaldehyde in the presence of oxides of Group VIB metals.