Abstract: A synthesis of 1.alpha.-hydroxy-19-nor-vitamin D compounds comprises (a) the construction of a 5,8-diol-6-yne intermediate by joining ring-A and ring-C/D portions of the desired end product via the condensation of an acetylenic derivative containing the C/D-ring portion of the desired end product with a cyclic dihydroxy ketone representing the A-ring of the desired end product; (b) the partial reduction of the 6,7 acetylenic triple bond linkage between the A and C/D ring portions to obtain a 5,8-diol-6-ene intermediate; and (c) the reductive removal of the 5,8-oxygen functions to generate the required 5,7-diene end product from which the desired 7-trans(7E)-isomer is purified directly, or after optional double bond isomerization of the 7-cis(7Z)-isomer employing a novel thiophenol-promoted isomerization step.

Abstract: New compounds of the formula ##STR1## where Y' represents hydroxy, protected-hydroxy, O-tosyl, O-mesyl, bromine, chlorine, or iodine and X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 may independently represent hydrogen or a hydroxy-protecting group are useful as intermediates for the production of 19-nor vitamin D derivatives, particularly 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.sub.3, from (-)quinic acid.

Abstract: A process for the catalytic isomerization of secondary .alpha.-alkenols of formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl group or a C.sub.2 -C.sub.2 alkenyl group and in which R.sup.2 stands for hydrogen, a halogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkoxy group, a carbonyl group, or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl group and in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 can be joined together to complete a five-membered or six-membered carbocyclic ring, to primary .alpha.-alkenols of formula II ##STR2## or for the isomerization of primary .alpha.-alkenols of formula II to secondary .alpha.-alkenols of formula I, wherein the isomerization is carried out in the presence of organotrioxorhenium(VII) compounds of formula III ##STR3## in which R.sup.3 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group, a cyclopentadienyl group substituted by from one to five C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl groups, an unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl group, a C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl group, or a C.sub.7 -C.sub.

Abstract: Processes for synthesizing tertiary alkynols by reacting carbonyl-group-containing compounds with alkynes in the presence of a basic catalyst are disclosed. Preferred products are 6,10,14-trimethyl-4-pentadecyn-6-ol compounds having the structure: ##STR1## A preferred, novel compound, 6,10,14-trimethyl-4-pentadecyne-2,6-diol, can be used in the synthesis of Vitamin E or Vitamin K.sub.1.

Abstract: Preparation of vinyl glycols (I) ##STR1## (R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 =H, a carbo-organic radical, optionally substituted) in which an unsaturated diol of formula II ##STR2## is isomerized in the presence of a rhenium catalyst under neutral conditions. The compounds (I) serve as intermediates for the preparation of active substances and for the preparation of polymers.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula ##STR1## having a double bond in one of the positions indicated by the dotted lines. Compounds (I) are useful as perfuming ingredients for the preparation of perfuming compositions and perfuming articles, to which they impart sandalwood-animal notes.

Abstract: A process for preparing 1.alpha.,25(R),26-trihydroxy-22E-ene-cholecalciferol and 1.alpha.,25(S),26-trihydroxy-22E-ene-cholecalciferol.

Abstract: A process of synthesizing enantiomerically pure compounds defined by Formula V, ##STR1## which are useful as chiral auxiliaries is disclosed. The process comprises, first, combining a base of Formula Y.sup.- Z.sup.+ (Formula I), wherein Y.sup.- is an organic anion and Z.sup.+ is an inorganic cation, with a compound of Formula II, ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group and R.sub.2 is the same as R.sub.1, or wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together form cyclopentane or cyclohexane, and wherein R.sub.3 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, to form a compound defined by Formula III, ##STR3## then: (b) reacting the compound of Formula III with a cyclic epoxide defined by Formula IV, ##STR4## wherein n is 1, 2, or 3, to form a racemic mixture of a compound defined by Formula V.

Abstract: Novel azulenic retinoid compounds and therapeutic compositions are disclosed, along with method for their production and use as anti-cancer and cancer-prevention agents. The compositions of the present invention will also find use in treating dermatological disorders such as acne and psoriasis, as well as dermatologically-related conditions such as repair and effacement of wrinkles.

Abstract: A process for producing a stable, bactericidal and fungicidal composition which consists essentially of bubbling air or oxygen into limonene, to produce an oxidized limonene having a rapid bactericidal activity as evidenced by the capability of killing substantially all of the bacteria in a suitable culture medium inoculated with 10.sup.6 colony forming units of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 per ml. of said broth, containing not more than 0.06 ml of said oxidized limonene per ml. of said broth and incubated at 37.degree. C. in air for 60 minutes.

Abstract: There is provided a method with which vitamin D.sub.2, vitamin D.sub.3, activated type vitamin D.sub.2, activated type vitamin D.sub.3 and their derivatives are prepared from 7,8 -dihyroxy vitamin D.sub.2, D.sub.3 or any of their derivatives by means of a reducing elimination technique involving as cyclic orthoester of a 7,8-dihydroxy compound or a thiocarbonate compound as an intermediate compound or an elimination technique utilizing a reducing metal such as titanium. The method according to the invention ensures a practical and simple synthetic process and a high yeild as compared with any existing methods for manufacturing these chemicals.

Abstract: A process for producing a stable, bactericidal and fungicidal composition which consists essentially of bubbling air or oxygen into limonene, to produce an oxidized limonene having a rapid bactericidal activity as evidenced by the capability of killing at least 99.99% of the bacteria in a suitable culture medium inoculated with 10.sup.6 colony forming units of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 per ml.

Abstract: .alpha.-Bisabolol is purified by distilling a plant extract containing .alpha.-bisabolol under reduced pressure and drawing off the purified .alpha.-bisabolol in the lower half of a distillation column as side product, and feeding in the extract above the side outlet.

Abstract: Process of preparation of secondary or tertiary alcohols by the action of an organic halide on metallic manganese, in the presence of a carbonyl compound in a solvent followed by hydrolysis; a compound of a metal of Groups II to VIII of the Periodic Classification of the Elements, less electropositive than manganese, is present in the reaction medium.

Abstract: Threo- and erythro- epoxy alcohols are converted in high yield to trans- and cis-allyl alcohols, respectively. The threo epoxy alcohol or erythro-epoxy alcohol is reacted with a toluenesulfonic anhydride to form a threo- or erythro- glycidyl tosylate. The glycidyl tosylate is contacted with tellurium ion, in the form, e.g. of Na.sub.2 Te that has been prepared by adding tellurium in elemental form and sodium borohydride or lithium triethyl borohydride to dimethylformamide (DMF). The DMF has a low volatility and permits further work to be carried out at elevated temperatures. The glycidyl tosylate is added to the sodium telluride in DMF, and is permitted to react. The tellurium ion displaces the tosylate and opens the epoxide to form an unstable alkoxy epitelluride. This epitelluride is a short-lived intermediate, and extrudes the tellurium, leaving the olefin. The opening of the epoxide required the adoption of an anti configuration.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of ethynyl carbinols of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R" is hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon, R'" is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon or R" and R'" together to the carbon atom to which they are joined represent a steroid, which comprises the steps ofA. reacting in a solvent system comprising an aromatic hydrocarbon, at least one lithium alkylamide selected from the group consisting of: ##STR2## wherein R is a hydrogen or lower alkyl, R' is hydrogen, lower alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon, x is an integer of 2 to 8, y and z are each 0 to 1, with acetylene to form a monolithium acetylideB. reacting in a solvent system comprising an aromatic hydrocarbon, the monolithium acetylene from Part A with a ketone of the formula R"R'"C.dbd.O, wherein R" and R'" are as hereinbefore defined, and thenC.

Abstract: A process of separation and purification of a propargyl alcohol which comprises treating a propargyl alcohol represented by Formula (I): ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represents a substituent which is different from each other, and is selected from the group consisting of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl group, a phenyl group; a halophenyl group, a phenyl group having at least one methyl substituent, an aralkyl group and a cycloalkyl group,which is chemically or optically impure,with a tertiary diamine represented by Formula (II): ##STR2## wherein each of R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 may be the same or different and represents an aralkyl group or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.

Abstract: Process for preparing predominantly Z-substituted allylic alcohols of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a straight or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.25 alkyl group optionally bearing at least one substituent and/or at least one unsaturated linkage and R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, which comprises reacting a vinyl epoxide of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2 is as defined above with an organolithium compound of the formula above. More particularly, there is disclosed a process for R.sup.1 --Li wherein R.sup.1 is as defined above; particularly, process for preparing .alpha.-santalol of the formula: ##STR3## which comprises reacting 3-methyl-3,4-epoxybutene-1 with lithiomethyl-2,3-dimethyltricyclo[2.2.1.0.sup.2,6 ]heptane.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a new process for the preparation of carbinols of the general formula I ##STR1## by reaction chloral and olefins of the general formula ##STR2## and by optional acylation of the product comprising dissolving a catalyst of the general formula IIIFe.sub.n (NH.sub.4).sub.x Y.sub.m .multidot.A.sub.p IIIin chloral, then adding the olefin of the general formula II in order to produce a complex of the general formula IV ##STR3## from which a complex of the general formula V ##STR4## is formed, and from the reaction mixture a compound of the general formula I is obtained whereafter(a) the residual complex of the general formula V dissolved in the product is decomposed with an acidic solution and if desired the obtained product is distilled or(b) the product in the reaction mixture is acylated.The compounds prepared according to the invention can be utilized as intermediates when preparing e.g., permethrin and other pyrethroid insecticides.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of perfluoroalkyl compounds which comprises reacting a perfluoroalkyl-trimethylsilane of the general formula (CH.sub.3).sub.3 Si-C.sub.n F.sub.2n+1 (I), wherein the group C.sub.n F.sub.2n+1 represents a perfluoroalkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, with a carbonyl compound of the general formula F.sup.1 --CO--R.sup.2 (II), wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrocarbon group or hydrogen and R.sup.2 represents a hydrocarbon group, a perfluoroalkyl group or a perfluoroaryl group, but wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together may also be part of an alicyclic ring system, in the presence of a salt-like fluoride--which is at least partially soluble in the reaction medium--as a catalyst to yield a silylether of the formula ##STR1## and isolating this compound or hydrolyzing it to yield an alcohol of the formula IV ##STR2## The invention also relates to pentafluoroethyl trimethylsilane (CH.sub.3).sub.3 Si--CF.sub.2 CF.sub.3 and a process for the preparation of this compound.

Abstract: Novel styryl-tetrahydromaphthalene and indane derivatives useful for treating neoplasms and dermatoses.

Abstract: Multimethyl cyclohexene or cyclohexane derivatives having woody, spicy, amber or violet odors are disclosed. The derivatives can be formulated into perfurmes, talcs, lotions, cremes and air fresheners.

Abstract: 4-isopropyl-7-methylene-5-cyclodecen-1-ol is disclosed. The compound allows manufacture of optically active periplanone-B on an industrial scale.

Abstract: The invention relates to ring A-diol units suitable for synthesizing 1.alpha.-hydroxyvitamin D compounds by subsequent condensation with appropriate .sup.C /.sub.D -ring fragments and to methods for preparing such ring A-diol units.

Abstract: A process for producing cycloketones of a 5 or 6 carbon chain length through which said ketones are known intermediates for producing carotenoids.

Abstract: Novel cycloaliphatic alcohols of formula ##STR1## wherein each of symbols R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 designates a methyl radical or wherein R.sup.1 designates an ethyl radical and R.sup.2 stands for a methyl radical or a hydrogen atom, possess useful fragrance properties and consequently can be used in the perfume industry.A process for their preparation starting from an allenic carbinol is disclosed.

Abstract: Aliphatic or cyclic epoxides containing 3 to 8 carbon atoms which are present in aromatic hydrocarbons or halohydrocarbons are saponified continuously and directly to vicinal diols without the use of high temperatures and pressures which would otherwise be necessary. The saponification is acid catalyzed.

Abstract: The process for producing C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 ethylene alcohols of the formula: ##STR1## wherein (a) R.sub.1 is --CH.sub.2 OH, R.sub.2 =R.sub.3 =--H;(b) R.sub.1 is --H, R.sub.2 =--CH.sub.3, R.sub.3 =--CH.sub.3 or --C.sub.6 H.sub.11comprises hydrogenation of acetylene alcohols of the formula: ##STR2## wherein (a) R.sub.1 is CH.sub.2 OH, R.sub.2 =R.sub.3 =--H;(b) R.sub.1 is --H, R.sub.2 is --CH.sub.3, R.sub.3 is --CH.sub.3 or --C.sub.6 H.sub.11,in the form of technical products in the liquid phase on a membrane catalyst made of an alloy consisting of palladium and ruthenium at a mass ratio therebetween of 90-94:10-6 respectively. Hydrogenation of said alcohols is effected by means of hydrogen diffusing through a membrane catalyst at a temperature of from 60.degree. to 180.degree. C. under atmospheric pressure of hydrogen. The process is simple in its scheme and the equipment employed. It avoids losses of noble metals of the catalyst and makes it possible to obtain the desired products in a yield of up to 99.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel cyclic terpenoid amines which can be prepared by cyclizing the corresponding acyclic terpenoid amine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to substituted cyclohexane derivatives having the structure: ##STR1## wherein the dotted line may be a carbon-carbon double bond or a carbon-carbon single bond; wherein R.sub.1,R.sub.2,R.sub.3, R.sub.4,R.sub.5,R.sub.6,R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 may be hydrogen or lower alkyl; wherein Z may be any of the following: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.9 may be hydrogen or lower alkyl; and wherein R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 are lower alkyl. This invention also provides methods of preparing and using the compounds as odor-modifying ingredients in perfumes and perfumed products, and as flavor-modifying ingredients in foodstuffs and tobacco products.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel cyclic terpenoid amines which can be prepared by cyclizing the corresponding acyclic terpenoid amine.

Abstract: New process for the preparation of muscone, a valuable macrocyclic musky perfume ingredient. The process makes use of an .alpha.,.omega.-dialdehyde as starting material.

Abstract: Described is a process for preparing .beta.-damascone starting with 2,6,6-trimethyl cyclohex-2-enone according to the reaction sequence: ##STR1## wherein Z is hydrogen, MgX', Li, Na or K; Y is MgX', Li, Na or K; X' is Cl, Br or I; R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 lower alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or i-propyl; X is Cl, Br or I. Also described are the organoleptic uses of the compound having the structure: ##STR2## in augmenting or enhancing the taste or aroma of a consumable material, e.g., foodstuff, chewing gum, medicinal product, chewing tobacco, smoking tobacco, perfume, perfumed article (e.g., drier-added fabric softener articles and solid or liquid anionic, cationic or nonionic detergents) and cologne.

Abstract: A process for producing vitamin A esters, vitamin A aldehyde and vitamin A acid esters from esters of 3,7-dimethyl-9-(1-hydroxy-2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexyl)-nona-2,4,6-trien-8-yn -1-ol and 3,7-dimethyl-9-(1-hydroxy-2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexyl)-nona-2,4,6-trien-8-yn oic acid including intermediates in this process.

Abstract: Fluorine-substituted vitamin D compounds, methods for preparation of such compounds and fluorinated intermediate compounds used in such methods are disclosed. The fluorine-substituted vitamin D compounds are characterized by vitamin D-like activity in stimulating intestinal calcium transport and bone mobilization and in promoting the calcification of rachitic bone.

Abstract: Acyclic terpenoid onium salts are cyclized in an acidic aqueous solution at a temperature of at least about 80.degree. C.

Abstract: 15,15'-Didehydro-astaxanthin and ester derivatives thereof useful as coloring agents and intermediates for astaxanthin and a method for preparing astaxanthin from keto .alpha.-isophorone and intermediates therein.

Abstract: A method of stereo-specifically synthesizing Zeaxanthin and alloxanthin, natural food coloring agents from 2,6,6-trimethyl-1,4-cyclohexanedione including intermediates in this synthesis.

Abstract: A new intermediate of formula I ##STR1## in which X is chlorine, bromine or hydrogen and Y is a free or protected --CHO group, which is used in the manufacture of boll weevil sex pheromone components of formula II ##STR2## in which Z is --CHO or --CH.sub.2 OH, by catalytic hydrogenation, optionally with protection of the formyl group of II by acetalisation. Compound II is prepared by formylation of isophorone directly or after reduction and dehydration.

Abstract: 1-Crotonoyl-2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexane occurs in four stereoisomeric forms. In particular the trans, E and cis, E isomers having interesting organoleptic properties and are useful in the preparation of perfume compositions. Processes for preparing the stereoisomers, in a pure form or as mixtures, are described.

Abstract: Production of an alken-2-ol-1, or of an alken-2-ol-1 and an alkanol-1 from the corresponding alken-3-ol-1 is described. The above compound or compounds can be produced with good selectivity by converting an alken-3-ol-1 to the boric acid ester, and, then, contacting the ester with a palladium catalyst in the presence of hydrogen or, alternatively, by carrying out the latter-mentioned step under conditions favorable to the formation of said boric acid ester and, thereafter, subjecting the reaction product to solvolysis.

Abstract: When 1-halogeno-3-alkene-2-ol is reacted with an ortho-carboxylic ester and/or a ketene acetal, a .gamma.-halogeno-.delta.-unsaturated-carboxylic ester is obtained as a main reaction product. When this intermediate is treated with a basic substance, a substituted cyclopropane-carboxylic ester is formed. This ester can be used as an insecticide or an agricultural chemical as it is or after the alcohol residue of the ester has been converted to other alcohol residue.

Abstract: A process for preparing .beta.,.gamma.-unsaturated aldehydes which comprises dehydrogenating .beta.,.gamma.-unsaturated alcohols in the vapor phase, preferably in the substantial absence of oxygen, using copper having a specific surface area of 0.01 to 1.5 m.sup.2 /g as a catalyst at a temperature of 150.degree. to 300.degree. C. The .beta.,.gamma.-unsaturated aldehydes can be recovered in pure form by distilling the dehydrogenation reaction mixture in the presence of water. The starting .beta.,.gamma.-unsaturated alcohols can be prepared by reacting olefins with formaldehyde or a derivative capable of forming formaldehyde at a temperature of 180.degree. to 400.degree. C. in the absence of a solvent or in the presence of a non-aqueous organic solvent after pre-heating said formaldehyde or derivative to a temperature of 85.degree. to 150.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for fermentatively hydrogenating and reducing ketoisophorone to produce optically active [4R,6R]-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohexanone useful as an intermediate in the production of optically active carotenoids and intermediates in the production of these carotenoids.

Abstract: Geminal prostaglandins (P.G.'s) are synthesized which are represented by the general formula: ##STR1## where A is a 4 or 5 carbon atom ring-completing group (CH.sub.2).sub.1+m --X--(CH.sub.2).sub.z where m = 0, 1 or 2,Z = 0 or 1, 0<(m + z)<3, and X is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 --CHOH--, ##STR2## and, when m = 0 and z = 1, is also --CH=CH-- or ##STR3## Y is divalent straight chain alkylene of 4 to 8 carbon atoms or--CH.sub.2 CH=CH(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --;r is alkyl of 4 to 7 carbon atoms;Q is --CO.sub.2 H or --CH.sub.2 OH provided that it is not --CH.sub.2 OH when X = ##STR4## or Y--Q taken together may be heptyl or allyl.

Abstract: New substituted 1-alkenynyl-cyclohexanols and 1-alkenynyl-cyclohexenes. The 1-alkenynyl-cyclohexanols are obtained by reacting the corresponding cyclohexanone witn an enyne in the presence of a strongly basic condensing agent in an inert solvent, or with an alkali metal salt of an enyne in an inert solvent. The 1-alkenynyl-cyclohexenes are obtained by dehydrating the 1-alkenynyl-cyclohexanols or 1-cycloalkanolyl-alkynols. The new compounds are themselves interesting scents, but can also be used as starting materials for further interesting scents.

Abstract: Grignard reagents of halo-substituted conjugated dienes are prepared by reaction of 1- or 2-halo-substituted conjugated diene with magnesium metal employing a metal halide/saturated aliphatic halide catalyst system. The Grignard reagent can be employed in the preparation of hydroxy-substituted conjugated dienes and hydroxy-substituted allenes. Adjustment of the molar ratio of the metal halide to the halo-substituted conjugated diene permits favoring of hydroxy-substituted conjugated dienes or hydroxy-substituted allenes in the diene products.