Abstract: PROBLEM An object of the present invention is to provide a crystallization unit capable of producing a purified acrylic acid having high purity efficiently. SOLUTION The present invention provides a crystallization unit to separate an acrylic acid-containing solution into a mother liquid and a purified acrylic acid, wherein the crystallization unit comprises a crystallizer having an exit to take out the mother liquid and the purified acrylic acid alternately; a supply line to supply the acrylic acid-containing solution to the crystallizer; and a recovery line to recover the mother liquid and the purified acrylic acid alternately from the crystallizer which is connected to the exit, and wherein the recovery line is equipped with an opening and closing unit consisting of a ball valve or a gate valve.

Abstract: There is provided a method for separating and collecting at least alcohol with a high purity from an azeotropic mixture of olefin and alcohol.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method for the preparation of a unique profile of primary aliphatic alcohols, having 24 to 30 carbon atoms, from the wax secreted by the insect Ericerus pela. Included in the present invention is the composition of matter, referred to herein as “polycosanol” produced by the method of this invention. The polycosanol composition is comprised primarily of the four primary aliphatic alcohols, tetracosanol, hexacosanol, octacosanol and triacontanol. Further included in this invention is the use of said composition of matter for the prevention and treatment of obesity, syndrome X, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerotic complications, ischemia and thrombosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method for the preparation of a unique profile of primary aliphatic alcohols, having 24 to 30 carbon atoms, from the wax secreted by the insect Ericerus pela. Included in the present invention is the composition of matter, referred to herein as “polycosanol” produced by the method of this invention. The polycosanol composition is comprised primarily of the four primary aliphatic alcohols, tetracosanol, hexacosanol, octacosanol and triacontanol. Further included in this invention is the use of said composition of matter for the prevention and treatment of obesity, syndrome X, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerotic complications, ischemia and thrombosis.

Abstract: A method of separating one or more solid compound from an adduct is provided. More specifically, the present invention provides a method of separating one or more solid compounds from an adduct by crystallization wherein certain phase equilibrium conditions are selectively controlled.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method for the preparation of a unique profile of primary aliphatic alcohols, having 24 to 30 carbon atoms, from the wax secreted by the insect Ericerus pela. Included in the present invention is the composition of matter, referred to herein as “polycosanol” produced by the method of this invention. The polycosanol composition is comprised primarily of the four primary aliphatic alcohols, tetracosanol, hexacosanol, octacosanol and triacontanol. Further included in this invention is the use of said composition of matter for the prevention and treatment of obesity, syndrome X, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerotic complications, ischemia and thrombosis.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for purifying crude 1,4-butanediol by melt crystallization and a process for preparing 1,4-butanediol by utilizing the purification process. 1,4-Butanediol is important as a material for synthesizing polyester resins, .gamma.-butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran, etc.

Abstract: A mixture of higher primary aliphatic alcohols of 22 to 38 carbon atoms can be obtained by saponifying and extracting steps with organic solvents from sugar cane wax. The mixture which contains tetracosanol, hexacosanol, heptacosanol, octacosanol, nonacosanol, triacontanol, dotriacontanol and tetratriacontanol can be used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia, and atherosclerotic complications as platelet hyperaggregabiulity, ischemia and thrombosis, and prevents drug induced gastric ulcer and improves male sexual activity.

Abstract: A mixture of higher primary aliphatic alcohols of 22 to 38 carbon atoms can be obtained by saponifying and extracting steps with organic solvents from sugar cane wax. The mixture which contains tetracosanol, hexacosanol, heptacosanol, octacosanol, nonacosanol, triacontanol, dotriacontanol and tetratriacontanol can be used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia, and atherosclerotic complications as platelet hyperaggregabiulity, ischemia and thrombosis, and prevents drug induced gastric ulcer and improves male sexual activity.

Abstract: A process for separation of aliphatic straight-chain compounds having terminal functional groups from mixtures containing isomers thereof branched in the .alpha.-position by precipitating the aliphatic, straight-chain compounds as their clathrates.

Abstract: A method for removing a perfluoroalkyl alcohol from a waste gas and recovering the perfluoroalkyl alcohol comprising the steps of bringing the waste gas into contact with an aqueous alkaline solution thereby to absorb the perfluoroalkyl alcohol into said solution and consequently obtain an aqueous alkaline solution containing an alkoxide of the perfluoroalkyl alcohol. Adding an acid to the aqueous alkaline solution containing the alkoxide of the perfluoroalkyl alcohol until the alkaline solution turns into an acidic solution with a pH value smaller than 5, thereby to turn said alkoxide into said perfluoroalkyl alcohol and subjecting the acidic solution to distillation to recover the perfluoroalkyl alcohol.

Abstract: The invention relates to recovery of high purity TBA from a mixture with organic impurities whereby water in amount of 1 to 5 wt % is incorporated in the mixture and pure TBA crystals are separated upon cooling and crystallization.

Abstract: A substantially anhydrous mixture of methanol with an organic compound with which it forms an azeotrope can be separated by dissolving into the mixture lithium chloride or other suitable salt that forms a complex with methanol so as to form a homogeneous mixture, adding an organic solvent that is miscible with the organic compound but immiscible with the complex and thereby forming a heterogeneous mixture, and separating the phases. The methanol can be recovered from one phase and the organic compound from the other. The organic compound may typically be methyl acrylate or methacrylate, the blend being, for instance, obtainable during the transesterification of methyl (meth)acrylate with an alcohol to form a higher boiling ester such as dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate.

Abstract: Ethanol is recovered from fermentation products by a countercurrent extraction process which employs diethyl ether as the extraction solvent to form a diethyl ether-ethanol mixture. The ethanol is salted out by adding calcium chloride to the mixture, and the diethyl ether layer is separated and recycled. The calcium chloride in ethanol solution is removed by adding sodium carbonate to form the solids calcium carbonate and sodium chloride which are removed by filtration. The ethanol is recovered as the filtrate.

Abstract: An alkyl t-alkyl ether corresponding to the formula R--O--R', wherein R is a methyl or ethyl group and R' is a t-butyl or t-amyl group, is separated from the alkanol in a reactor effluent comprising a mixture of the ether, unreacted C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkanol, and unreacted hydrocarbon by (1) alternately passing effluent from the reactor through first and second absorption vessels containing fixed beds of solid calcium chloride to complex the unreacted alkanol with the calcium chloride while the ether and unreacted hydrocarbon pass through the vessel, (2) while one absorption vessel is being used to complex unreacted alkanol, regenerating the other absorption vessel by passing a liquid C.sub.4 or C.sub.5 hydrocarbon feed comprising an isoolefin therethrough at a temperature of about 80.degree.-120.degree. C. to desorb the alkanol and provide a desorption effluent of liquid C.sub.4 or C.sub.5 hydrocarbon feed and alkanol, and (3) feeding the desorption effluent to the reactor.

Abstract: A C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkanol is separated from aqueous calcium chloride by adding a C.sub.4 or C.sub.5 hydrocarbon feed comprising an isoolefin to an aqueous solution of a calcium chloride-alkanol complex wherein the alkanol is methanol or ethanol at a temperature of about 80.degree.-120.degree. C. and a pressure of about 20-180 psig to provide an upper phase comprising the hydrocarbon feed and alkanol and a lower phase comprising aqueous calcium chloride. The invention is particularly useful as a step in a process for preparing and purifying methyl t-butyl ether by (1) reacting an excess of methanol with isobutylene or a C.sub.4 hydrocarbon stream containing isobutylene to form a crude reaction product comprising methyl t-butyl ether and excess methanol, (2) intimately mixing the crude reaction product with aqueous calcium chloride to complex the methanol and separate it from the ether, and (3) adding the hydrocarbon stream to extract the methanol from the aqueous calcium chloride-methanol complex solution.