Abstract: Spun-like fiber yarn with interlaced threads, in which the fibers are of the same length. The spun yarn has alternating open, relatively bulky zones and closed, relatively compact zones. The open zones have a non-twisted structure with parallel strands. In the closed zones, the fibers are interlaced and non-bonded. The open zones furthermore have free strands. The cohesion factor of the spun fiber yarns is greater than 100 and preferably being between 120 and 180. The spun yarns are produced by a process in which at least one sliver of fibers of equal lengths is fed to a drawing unit and then to at least one open single-jet interlacing nozzle fed with gaseous fluid at a pressure of between 1 and 6 bars, the angle formed by the axis of the channel for the passage of the yarn in the nozzle and the yarn being between 10.degree. and 80.degree., and the spun yarn obtained being wound up at a speed greater than 50 m/min.

Abstract: Method and apparatus to produce a continuous filament textured yarn with unusually low crimp contraction and intermittent crimp and molecular orientation along its length. This is accomplished by the use of an electromagnetic tension device to control the draw in the yarn being supplied to a false twist device driven at a speed to provide low false twist in the yarn being twisted. The apparatus includes a control between the electromagnetic tension control and the yarn supply package to prevent the yarn coming off the package from rotating in a full balloon path and consequently prevent entanglement of the yarn in the yarn guides as it passes to a yarn consuming machine.

Abstract: Method to produce spun-like yarn and product produced thereby by combining a core yarn and an effect yarn in an air jet. The removal speed of the combined yarn from the air jet is intermediate of the speeds of the draw rolls to produce a composite yarn having crunodal loops in one of the combined yarns.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing novelty yarn with an unusual configuration. An effect yarn is fed to a novelty yarn jet, and a core yarn is fed to a different yarn port in the same jet, the core yarn being maintained substantially taut. The combined core and effect novelty yarn is taken up from the jet and periodically (preferably pseudo-randomly) a pronounced variation in linear density is provided in the combined yarn. This linear density variation is accomplished by introducing a first fluid pulse into the jet at a first position to form a loop in the effect yarn, which loop extends substantially coincident with a portion of the core yarn, and then utilizing a second fluid pulse at a spaced position from the first pulse to impart a spiraling and/or rotating action to the loop of effect yarn to wind the effect yarn around the core yarn.

Abstract: Two molten streams of polyester polymer are extruded at different speeds to intersect below the spinneret. The spinning speed is relatively high, and the resulting filament has shrinkage peaks and valleys along its length. When a number of such filaments are relaxed in a yarn bundle, the yarn spontaneously develops crimp.

Abstract: A yarn having variable denier filaments with thick and thin regions is drawn at a draw ratio selected to break filaments in the thin regions. This may be done while false-twist texturing. The resulting broken ends protrude from the yarn, giving a spun-like yarn.

Abstract: A specially designed multifilament textured yarn has alternating twists therein. A woven or knitted fabric manufactured from the yarn has a handling similar to that obtained by a hard twist yarn or a true twist yarn and provides pattern with a heather like feeling.In the yarn, S-twist yarn portions and Z-twist yarn portions are alternatingly distributed along the length of the yarn but the non-twisted portion is substantially not included in the yarn. Either S-twist yarn portions or Z-twist yarn portions have a compact twist yarn structure, and the other portions have a bulky twist yarn structure.

Abstract: A composite material of rubber and metal cords embedded therein is disclosed. The metal cord is produced by twisting at least three metal filaments, and has an elongation under a load of 5.0 kg/cord (P.sub.1) of 0.2-1.2% and an elongation under a load of 2.0 kg/cord (P.sub.2, %) of P.sub.2 .ltoreq.0.947P.sub.1 -0.043 prior to the embedding in rubber.

Abstract: Method and apparatus to produce a novelty textured yarn by intermittently blowing hot air at high temperatures into a tube through which previously textured yarn is passing. This produces a yarn having spaced, detextured portions along the length thereof.

Abstract: A polyester spun-like textured yarn comprising: a core portion; and a wrapper portion continuously and alternately wrapping about the core portion. The core portion comprises a polyester multifilament yarn (A) which is not dyeable with ionic dyes. The wrapper portion comprises polyester multifilament yarns (B) and (C) which are entangled with each other. The yarn (B) is not dyeable with ionic dyes, and the yarn (C) is dyeable with ionic dyes. Some of the filaments constituting the wrapper portion are entangled and interlaced with some of the filaments constituting the core portion in the boundary region between the core and wrapper portions.

Abstract: A yarn having a number of filaments is passed through between intercrossing work surfaces of two intercrossing endless belts which run in pressing engagement with each other. By suitably selecting the intercrossing angle of the belts, tension acting on the yarn and heater temperature, a crimped filament yarn is prepared having S-twist and Z-twist portions distributed in alternation along the length of the filament yarn. The filaments are tightly engaged with each other in the S-twist (or Z-twist) portions while being separated from one another in the Z-twist (or S-twist) portions. A fabic using such crimped yarn is dyed to cause the tightly bound portions to appear in a dark shade of color and the loosely bound portions in a light shade, thereby producing a salt-and-pepper pattern.

Abstract: Apparatus and method to provide a novel false twisted slub yarn by combining a core yarn and an effect yarn in a fluid tangling zone. The linear velocity of the effect yarn is raised to allow slubs to be produced in the combined yarn in an air jet apparatus.

Abstract: A textured continuous filament yarn combining a luxuriant, soft hand with improved moisture wicking for greater comfort in garments. Some filaments have a denier which varies at least 25% (preferably 300-500%), and other filaments have a spiral cross-section.

Abstract: A bulky textured multifilament yarn comprises sections of interlaced individual filaments and sections of non-interlaced individual filaments, wherein the interlaced and non-interlaced sections are formed alternately along the lengthwise direction of the yarn, the filaments in any predetermined length of the yarn are substantially identical in length, and some portions of the individual filaments protrude out from the axis of the yarn. The yarn is made by slackening a multifilament yarn treated by a false twisting operation, and then by interlacing the slackened multifilament yarn by means of a fluid jet stream while taking up the multifilament yarn.

Abstract: An effect yarn and process for manufacture thereof is disclosed when the effect comprises a slub that is formed after the yarn leaves the yarn package during later knitting or weaving operations. The effect yarn is particularly useful since it processes through such operations similar to conventional air-plied yarns.

Abstract: A novel synthetic heather yarn is comprised of a first yarn in the form a relatively loose matrix of crimped filaments which are randomly intermingled with portions of a bulked differentially-colored or colorable second yarn which contains frequent periodic color-point nodes of high filament entanglement and which nodes are free from filament intermingling with said first yarn. The combined yarn is made using fluid-jets first to make the nodes in the color-print yarn or yarns and then to combine the color-point with the matrix yarn in a subsequent filament intermingling zone.

Abstract: A multifilamentary polymeric yarn capable of undergoing false twist texturing is passed through a friction disc aggregate under conditions (as defined) which produce periodic slippage with respect to the friction disc aggregate whereby recurring relatively tightly twisted areas measuring approximately 0.125 to 1.25 inch are substantially maintained along the length of the yarn intermediate recurring textured areas measuring approximately 0.125 to 1.25 inch which include a twist in the opposite direction. The feed yarn may be either partially oriented yarn or a drawn yarn. In a preferred embodiment the feed yarn is a partially oriented polyethylene terephthalate multifilamentary yarn. Unmodified texturing machinery can be employed. The resulting yarn is space textured and may be utilized to form a crepe fabric having highly desirable aesthetic characteristics.

Abstract: Apparatus and method to provide a novel false twisted slub yarn by combining a core yarn and an effect yarn in a fluid tangling zone. The linear velocity of the core and effect yarns is alternately raised and lowered to allow slubs to be produced in the combined yarn in an air jet apparatus.

Abstract: A yarn for producing fabrics with a wool-like hand, by combining textured filaments with longer filaments preferably of larger average denier. The longer filaments thus protrude in loops from the yarn bundle, and have spiral cross-sections.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing novelty yarn with an unusual configuration. An effect yarn is fed to a novelty yarn jet, and a core yarn is fed to a different yarn port in the same jet, the core yarn being maintained substantially taut. The combined core and effect novelty yarn is taken up from the jet and periodically (preferably pseudo-randomly) a pronounced variation in linear density is provided in the combined yarn. This linear density variation is accomplished by introducing a first fluid pulse into the jet at a first position to form a loop in the effect yarn, which loop extends substantially coincident with a portion of the core yarn, and then utilizing a second fluid pulse at a spaced position from the first pulse to impart a spiraling and/or rotating action to the loop of effect yarn to wind the effect yarn around the core yarn.

Abstract: Multifilament feed yarns in drawable state made from fiber-forming polyester are provided which in accordance with the invention can be processed in a combined draw and false twist process to voluminous filament yarns having individual protruding filament ends. The feed yarns must consist at least in part of filaments having a flex abrasion resistance of less than 1500 cycles and a crack index of more than 5. By using suitable spin finishes, the crack index can be varied and thus the hairiness of the voluminous filament yarns manufactured can be adjusted independently from the crimp values and the pilling behavior.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bundle of fibrous elements, at least some of which are uneven in the thickness in the axial direction thereof, namely some of which include thick portions having a larger sectional area and thin portion having a smaller sectional area. In these fibrous elements constituting the fibrous bundle, the thick portions have, in general, a higher dyeability than the thin portions, and in the fibrous bundle, these higher dyeability portions are formed substantially randomly at a distribution ratio of at least 300 portions per 10 cm of the length of the fibrous bundle. This fibrous bundle is characterized in that it apparently resembles a fibrous bundle composed of fibrous elements uniform in the thickness and dyeability. Also a process and apparatus for manufacturing such fibrous bundles are disclosed.

Abstract: A bulked and entangled multifilament thermoplastic yarn and an improved process for the formation thereof which, when tufted into a fabric, presents a grass-like appearance. The yarn is made by melt spinning and water quenching filaments of a melt spinnable synthetic organic thermoplastic polymer, such as polypropylene, in a continuous process, drawing the filaments, imparting bulk and entanglement in a fluid jet entangling mechanism and taking up the thus entangled yarn on a yarn winder. Also disclosed is an improved fluid jet entangling mechanism employed in the process.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel bulkable filamentary yarn of a flat yarn-like smooth appearance, said bulkable filamentary yarn is composed essentially of a bulkable portion and an interlaced portion existing alternately along the yarn length. Upon scouring, for example, said yarn develops its latent bulkiness similar to the fullness of silk, thus a silk-like appearance as well as a silk-like hand are provided in a fabric. The yarn itself can be obtained by heat-shrinking arc-like loops protruding on the yarn surface into a straightened state parallel to the yarn while the yarn is being tensioned along its length.

Abstract: A boucle yarn is prepared by relaxed heat treatment of a precursor yarn prepared by combination of a low shrinkage filament or yarn or monofil at the back of the front roller of a spinning frame with a roving of high shrinkage fibers followed by twisting to a twist multiplier of 1.5 to 4.0. The shrinkage differential between the high shrinkage fibers and the low shrinkage fibers must be at least 20%.

Abstract: A method for producing ingrain spun-like yarn simulating a blended staple yarn is described wherein continuous filament yarn is produced which has characteristics similar to blended staple spun yarns. Fabrics made from the yarns described herein provide a fine grained heather appearance without the normal moire or plaiting effect seen in previous ingrain continuous filament yarn fabrics. The unusual continuous filament yarn described herein is made by a texturing process which involves the combination of two or more differently dyeable continuous synthetic yarns which are false twist textured followed by overfeeding to an air bulking means. The preferred method utilizes false twist texturing of synthetic filaments such as polyester, nylon, cellulose acetate or cellulose triacetate and mixtures thereof wherein two differently dyeable yarns are combined with an air bulking jet interposed to act on the false twist textured yarn while it has a high residual torque and subsequently decaying said torque.

Abstract: A bulk yarn formed from a plurality of multi-filament yarns having alternating compact and open segments. The compact segments include first and second plaited portions which are twisted in opposite directions. The open segments of the yarn are defined by loosely bundled multi-filament yarn. The apparatus for bulking the yarn includes an elongated housing having a longitudinal bore extending therethrough. Pressurized air passes through diametrically opposed passages for contacting the yarn as it passes through the bore for producing the bulking effect thereon.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a process for producing a randomized novelty yarn which exhibits essentially no uniform characteristics along its length and a novelty irregular fabric produced therefrom. The novelty yarn is comprised of at least two unlike yarn ends whose different characteristics, when formed into a combination yarn, produce a fabric which is essentially non-uniform and exhibits a random pattern over the length and width thereof.

Abstract: A unique and appealing novelty yarn characterized by having random size loops disposed at random locations therealong is economically produced on conventional textile machinery, thus avoiding the need for specialized and expensive machinery such as a novelty twister. The yarn includes a foundation strand and an effect strand wrapped about the foundation strand, with certain areas of the effect strand forming random length multiple layer deposits at randomly spaced locations along the foundation strand, and with portions of the effect strand projecting from the multiple layer deposits and forming random size loops. A binder strand wrapped about the foundation and effect strands binds the effect strand to the underlying foundation strand.

Abstract: In order to produce a fancy yarn with protuberances along its length in a simple manner, and without adding either a binding yarn or an effect yarn, a multi-filament yarn of continuous filaments is forwarded by a positive drive means and twisted and taken up by a spindle. When engaged with a surface of the drive means the yarn is engaged by an edge which brakes some of the filaments.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bulky yarn made from a thermoplastic multifilament yarn. Each of the individual filaments forming the yarn has a randomly varying thermal shrinkage along its length. The filaments in the cross-section of the yarn also have randomly varying thermal shrinkages. The bulky yarn forms a plurality of loops having a stable and compact configuration, while the number of filament slack portions which project outwardly from the yarn surface is significantly decreased.A method for producing a bulky yarn possessing the above-mentioned construction is also disclosed. In the method, individual filaments forming the multifilament yarn are interlaced with each other, before or after which the yarn is subjected to a so-called random heat treatment. The interlaced and randomly heat-treated yarn is supplied at an over-feed condition to a fluid turbulent flow region which causes the individual filaments to form a plurality of loops and entanglements, and then the yarn is wound onto a package.

Abstract: A process for forming polytetrafluoroethylene yarn by(1) forming an oriented polytetrafluoroethylene film by drawing a sintered sheet from about 5 to 30 times its original length at an elevated temperature; and(2) passing the oriented film through fibrillating means such as a high turbulent air velocity jet to form a yarn of entangled irregular shaped non-uniform staple fibrils.The yarn and woven, non-woven and knitted fabrics prepared from this yarn also are part of the invention.

Abstract: Improvements in thermoplastic yarn rebound texturizing method are provided by advancing a plurality of continuous filament yarns at different speeds into a stream of heated fluid advancing longitudinally of the yarns, hurling the yarns toward a foraminous surface by means of the stream of fluid while passing at least part of the stream of fluid through the surface, impinging the advancing yarns on the foraminous surface with sufficient force to induce compression crimps in the filament of at least the faster fed yarn, instantaneously rebounding the yarns from the foraminous surface, and continuously controlling the actual compaction of the yarn as it moves away from the crimping zone. The rates of advancement of the yarns respective to the fluid stream are such that at least one yarn is introduced into the system at a rate at least twice the rate of the other.

Abstract: A bulked continuous multi-filament nylon yarn is intermittently debulked by passing a stream of heated gas through the yarn while it is under tension. The product comprises a bulked continuous filament yarn having adjacent sections of greater and less bulk with nodes of interlaced filaments between each section.

Abstract: There is disclosed a variable denier, multifilament yarn having a slub yarn plied with a carrier yarn and displaying high weaving performance. The yarn is characterized by a certain slub size distribution, a certain minimum number of slubs, a specified maximum number of large slubs, less than one tight spot per meter and a coherency factor of from about 4-14, said coherency factor increasing as the number of large slubs increases. A process for making the yarn is also disclosed and includes the features of feeding both feed yarn and carrier yarn to a supply jet, the feed yarn being overfed while the carrier yarn is maintained under zero net overfeed, forwarding the carrier yarn to a slub jet and forwarding the feed yarn to a foraminous surface where slubs are created and thereafter combining both yarns and passing them sequentially through a slub jet, at least one interlacing jet and, optionally, a torque jet.

Abstract: A nubby yarn comprising at least one textured core yarn and one separately textured effect yarn is disclosed wherein the effect yarn is periodically wrapped helically around the core yarn and then helically wound over the first helix in the same direction of wind. A process for the manufacture of the nubby yarn is also disclosed.

Abstract: A continuous yarn structure comprising at least one yarn element formed from a plurality of continuous filaments or a plurality of staple fiber lengths, the yarn structure comprising periodically repeating lengths of high bulk, substantially unentangled continuous filaments or staple fiber lengths alternating with lengths of compacted continuous filaments of staple fiber lengths in which substantially all filaments or fiber lengths are mutually entangled throughout the volume of the compacted lengths.Also disclosed is a method for producing such yarn. The method comprises the steps of feeding at least one multiple filament yarn element or multiple staple fiber element under tension to a first treatment zone having a predetermined cross-sectional area; continuously directing a fluid at the yarn element in a direction substantially perpendicular to the travel of the element, the fluid being applied at a pressure of at least about 100 p.s.i.