Abstract: A process is disclosed for the catalytic oxychlorination of an olefin. In the process a feed containing the olefin, O2 and HCl is contacted with an oxychlorination catalyst. The O2/2HCl ratio in the feed is in the range of from 0.50 to 0.58. Catalyst compositions for use in the oxychlorination reaction, in particular the oxychlorination of ethylene, are also disclosed. The catalyst compositions are in the form of particles suitable for use in fluid bed reactors, in particular baffled fluid bed reactors. Preferred catalyst materials comprise from 5.5 wt % to 14 wt % Cu. They may further comprise an earth alkali metal, such as Mg, and/or a rare earth metal. Preferred compositions contain less than 1 wt % of an alkali metal, which preferably is K.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to cracking which produces a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; b) the said mixture of products is separated into at least one fraction containing ethylene and into a heavy fraction (fraction C); c) the fraction or fractions containing ethylene are conveyed to a chlorination reactor and/or to an oxychlorination reactor, in which reactors most of the ethylene present is converted to 1,2-dichloroethane; d) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors and it is conveyed to the pyrolysis oven; and e) the fraction C is conveyed to cracking or to the oven for pyrolysis of 1,2-dichloroethane as fuel.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to cracking which produces a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; b) the mixture of products containing ethylene is conveyed to at least one storage reservoir; c) a chlorination reactor and/or an oxychlorination reactor is (are) supplied with the previously stored mixture of products containing ethylene, in which reactors most of the ethylene present is converted to 1,2-dichloroethane; d) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions for use in oxychlorination reactions, in particular the oxychlorination of ethylene, are disclosed. The catalyst compositions are in the form of particles suitable for use in fluid bed reactors, in particular baffled fluid bed reactors. Compared to prior art oxychlorination catalyst materials the catalyst particles disclosed herein have a reduced tendency to stick together under oxychlorination reaction conditions. Preferred catalyst materials comprise from 5.5 wt % to 14 wt % Cu. They may further comprise an earth alkali metal, such as Mg, and/or a rare earth metal.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to cracking which produces a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; b) the said mixture of products is separated into a fraction enriched with compounds which are lighter than ethylene, containing part of the ethylene (fraction A), into a fraction enriched with ethylene (fraction B) and into a heavy fraction (fraction C); c) fraction A is conveyed to a chlorination reactor and fraction B to an oxychlorination reactor, in which reactors most of the ethylene present in fractions A and B is converted to 1,2-dichloroethane; d) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to cracking which produces a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; b) the said mixture of products is separated into at least one fraction containing ethylene and into a heavy fraction (fraction C); c) the fraction or fractions containing ethylene are conveyed to a chlorination reactor and/or to an oxychlorination reactor, in which reactors most of the ethylene present is converted to 1,2-dichloroethane; d) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors and it is conveyed to the pyrolysis oven; and e) the fraction C is conveyed to cracking or to the oven for pyrolysis of 1,2-dichloroethane as fuel.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to cracking which produces a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; b) the mixture of products containing ethylene is conveyed to at least one storage reservoir; c) a chlorination reactor and/or an oxychlorination reactor is (are) supplied with the previously stored mixture of products containing ethylene, in which reactors most of the ethylene present is converted to 1,2-dichloroethane; d) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to a first cracking step, namely a pyrolysis step performed in a cracking oven, thus producing a mixture of cracking products; b) the said mixture of cracking products is subjected to a succession of treatment steps ending with a drying step which makes it possible to obtain a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; c) the said mixture of products containing ethylene derived from step b) is separated into at least one fraction containing ethylene and into a heavy fraction; d) the fraction(s) containing the ethylene is (are) conveyed to a chlorination reactor and/or to an oxychlorination reactor, in which reactors most of the ethylene present is converted to 1,2 -dichloroethane; e) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors; the process being characterized

Abstract: An oxidative halogenation and optional dehydrogenation process involving contacting a reactant hydrocarbon having three or more carbon atoms, such as propane or propene, or a halogenated derivative thereof, with a source of halogen, and optionally, a source of oxygen in the presence of a rare earth halide or rare earth oxyhalide catalyst, so as to form a halogenated hydrocarbon product, such as allyl chloride, having three or more carbon atoms and having a greater number of halogen substituents as compared with the reactant hydrocarbon, and optionally, an olefinic co-product, such as propene. The less desired of the two products, that is, the halogenated hydrocarbon or the olefin as the case may be, can be recycled to the process to maximize the production of the desired product.

Abstract: A method for the oxychlorination of ethylene to produce 1,2-dichloroethane comprises reacting ethylene with a chlorine source and an oxygen source in a fixed-bed oxychlorination reactor in the presence of a catalyst, and is characterized in that a single reactor is used and ethylene is present in a large molar excess with respect to chlorine. The chlorine source is suitably HCl, the catalyst is suitably a cupric chloride catalyst, and the molar excess of ethylene is preferably between 200 and 700%.

Abstract: A method for the catalytic oxychlorination of ethane to VCM comprising the steps of combining ethane and a chlorine source in an oxychlorination reactor with a suitable catalyst to promote the oxychlorination of the ethane, collecting the resultant VCM and by-productsand recycling the by-products to the oxychlorination reactor to participate in the reaction therein.

Abstract: A process is provided for the production of allyl chloride from three carbon atom hydrocarbons (propane and/or propylene) using hydrogen chloride or hydrogen chloride/chlorine mixtures as the chlorinating agent. The process includes reaction steps operated in tandem in separate zones first comprising the reaction of perchloroethylene with hydrogen chloride and oxygen in the presence of an oxychlorination catalyst to give hexachloroethane and water, second comprising the vapor phase reaction of hexachloroethane with propane/propylene feedstock to produce allyl chloride, perchloroethylene, and hydrogen chloride, and third isolating the products of the second step and repeating the first step using as starting materials the thus isolated perchloroethylene and hydrogen chloride.

Abstract: In the production of a chlorinated hydrocarbon, such as chlorinated methanes, a purge stream is recovered from the chlorinated hydrocarbon effluent, which contains inerts and unreacted hydrocarbon. The unreacted methane present in the purge stream is combusted to recover the fuel values thereof; e.g., as a fuel in the waste chlorinated hydrocarbon combustion to recover chlorine values, with the inerts then being purged from the system.

Abstract: In an integrated process for oxychlorination and combustion of chlorinated hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbon is burned to recover chlorine values essentially as hydrogen chloride. Hydrogen chloride is recovered from the effluent from the combustion by absorption with aqueous hydrogen chloride. Hydrogen chloride recovered by the absorption is subsequently recovered and employed in an oxychlorination reaction. A gas containing hydrogen chloride, water vapor and some oxygen recovered from the oxychlorination is cooled to condense aqueous hydrogen chloride which is employed in the absorption for recovering hydrogen chloride. The remaining gas is employed in the combustion of chlorinated hydrocarbons.

Abstract: In an integrated process for oxychlorination and combustion of chlorinated hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons is burned to recover chlorine values essentially as hydrogen chloride. Combustion effluent and off-gas from an oxychlorination reaction are simultaneously treated to recover anhydrous hydrogen chloride for use in the oxychlorination reaction. In accordance with one embodiment, off-gas from the oxychlorination is employed in the combustion, prior to hydrogen chloride recovery in order to utilize any oxygen values therein. The process has particular applicability to an oxychlorination reaction of the type wherein a molten salt containing the higher and lower valent chlorides of a multivalent metal is contacted with hydrogen chloride and oxygen to recover hydrogen chloride by enriching the higher valent metal chloride content of the molten salt.