Abstract: This invention relates to catalytic distillation utilizing Lewis acid promoted non-zeolitic inorganic oxide, large pore crystalline molecular sieve and/or ion exchange resin systems. Alkylation and oligomerization processes are adapted to this catalytic distillation technique.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon conversion processes are disclosed using a catalyst prepared by a method comprising reacting an adsorbent containing surface hydroxyl groups with a Lewis acid in a halogenated organic solvent.

Abstract: An improved process for alkylation of isoparaffins with olefins to yield a product which includes a high proportion of highly branched paraffins for making gasoline having improved octane is taught. The improved process comprises isomerizing the olefins and then contacting effluent and isoparaffins with a composite catalyst comprising a Lewis acid and a large pore zeolite and/or a non-zeolitic inorganic oxide. The beneficial effects of low temperature operation and the use of water in the process are also noted. The process results in reduced catalyst aging and obviates environmental problems associated with prior art processes.

Abstract: A process is provided for converting feedstock comprising paraffins, olefins or mixtures thereof to product comprising C.sub.5 + hydrocarbons over a catalyst comprising a high silica crystalline zeolite which has been treated by steps of calcining the crystalline material, contacting the calcined material with solid aluminum fluoride, and converting the aluminum fluoride contacted material to hydrogen form.

Abstract: Disclosed is an alkylation process comprising the step of contacting a paraffinic compound, capable of forming a carbonium ion under strong acid conditions, with an olefin in the presence of a strong acid system comprised of an acid component and a mixture comprised of: (a) one or more adamantane derivatives containing at least one unsubstituted bridgehead position and which is capable of being protonated, or hydrogen bonded to, or dissociated by an acid; and (b) one or more surfactants capable of stabilizing the one or more adamantane derivatives of (a) above at a hydrocarbon-acid interface.

Abstract: A process is described for paraffin-olefin alkylation under strong acid conditions in which an adamantylalkyl carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid is used to substantially improve the efficiency of reaction.

Abstract: A process is described for paraffin-olefin alkylation under strong acid conditions in which an aminoalkyladamantane hydrocarbon is used to substantially improve the reaction.

Abstract: A process is described for paraffin-olefin alkylation under strong acid conditions in which an adamantane hydrocarbon is used to substantially increase the reaction rate of the alkylation.

Abstract: Novel acid systems are disclosed which are characterized as being capable of stabilizing high concentrations of tertiary cations, e.g., t-butyl cation, and further characterized as capable of forming carbonium ion salts containing both dimeric and monomeric anions. The ions undergo hydride and halide exchange with other alkanes and halides. The hydride transfer reaction renders them useful in isomerization and alkylation reactions.