Abstract: A regeneration cooler (2) includes a passage forming structure (10) in which a fuel passage (11) is formed for liquid fuel to be supplied. A coating (12, 12A) is formed in the fuel passage (11) to at least partially cover a wall surface of the fuel passage (11). The coating (12, 12A) contains metal particles (13) adhered and fixed to the wall surface (11a) of the fuel passage (11) and a coating material (14, 17).

Abstract: A rocket engine pintle injector with optimized spray pattern and with integrated igniter design for providing construction simplicity, throttleable thrust, stop/start/restart capability, optimized operational combustion, and improved ignition combustion stability. A user can start, throttle, and stop the engine by moving the internal concentric injector sleeve forward and backward to cause the fuel/oxidizer to spray out of the pintle head at different flow rates. The concentric igniter can be deployed so that the hot gasses or spark produced are radially projected into the spray of fuel/oxidizer surrounding the igniter. Once the fuel/oxidizer spray has been ignited, the igniter is stopped and retracted to protect the device from the heat of the combustion chamber and is ready for redeployment and restart of the engine as needed.

Abstract: A rocket nozzle includes a dual-bell nozzle and a gas introducing section configured to introduce gas into space surrounded by the dual-bell nozzle. Combustion gas flows in the space. The dual-bell nozzle includes a first stage nozzle bell-shaped and surrounding an upstream portion of the space, and a second stage nozzle bell-shaped and surrounding a downstream portion of the space. The dual-bell nozzle has an inflection point between the first stage nozzle and the second stage nozzle. The gas introducing section includes a gas inlet provided to an inner wall surface of the first stage nozzle. The gas is introduced into the space from the gas inlet.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transpiration cooled rocket motor which operates at low combustion pressures, inherently provides stabilized combustion, and operates over a desired range of L-star. In a preferred embodiment the inventive transpiration cooled rocket motor includes: a housing; a porous injector sleeve; a propellant injector; and a nozzle. Preferably the injector sleeve lines the inside walls of the housing such that the inside volume of the sleeve forms the chamber for the motor. Liquid fuel passes inwardly through the pores of the injector sleeve and is injected from the sleeve into the chamber, thus cooling the walls of the rocket motor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dual flow turbojet comprising an engine of axis X housed completely inside a tubular pod whose inside wall co-operates with the case of said engine to define an annular passage for a secondary flow delivered by a fan, said pod having an air inlet upstream of the engine, thrust-reverser means in its middle section, and a common nozzle for ejecting both the primary flow and the secondary flow, the outlet of the nozzle being situated downstream from the engine, said thrust-reverser means being suitable for taking up an active position in which the secondary flow is diverted outwards and forwards from said pod, said nozzle having an enclosure defined by the inside and outside walls of said nozzle.

Abstract: A rocket engine having a combustion chamber with a chamber inner wall, a throat with a throat inner wall, and a nozzle with a nozzle inner wall is provided. The chamber inner wall is a vacuum plasma sprayed metal, the throat inner wall is a vacuum plasma sprayed metal, and the nozzle inner wall is a vacuum plasma sprayed metal. The porosity of the vacuum plasma sprayed metal varies in an axial direction of the engine.

Abstract: An improved rocket engine combustion chamber design wherein a first or precombustion chamber having a first diameter is located intermediate to a propellant injector and a second or main combustion chamber having a second diameter which is larger than the first diameter. The combustion chamber extends radially outwardly from the first diameter to the second diameter suddenly at the intersection between the precombustion chamber and the main combustion chamber. Film cooling is provided by providing a stratified layer of low temperature fluid adjacent to the inner wall of the precombustion chamber and surrounding a primary inner core of high temperature gases. The sudden stepped expansion at the interface between the precombustion chamber and the main combustion chamber provides secondary recirculation mixing of the propellants and will complete combustion between the main hot gas core and the propellant film cooling layer.

Abstract: The horsepower requirements for the actuation system for a convergent/divergent exhaust nozzle for a gas turbine engine is reduced by the judicious selection of the crank arms and their location on a torque shaft that rotates to move a connecting link attached to the convergent flap of the nozzle. A pressure balancing hood is attached to the top surface on the forward end of the convergent flap to augment the lowering of the horsepower requirements. In another embodiment a tie rod/end cup arrangement and two piece torque shaft are utilized for ease of removal of the actuation system from the exhaust nozzle assembly.

Abstract: An infrared radiation Coanda suppressor of an exhaust system encloses a Coanda surface for guiding exhaust gases into the atmosphere. The infrared radiation suppressor further uses cooling films for reducing the temperature of the Coanda surface and other exposed surfaces. A cool air entrainment flow of the exhaust gases prevents the buildup of recirculating hot gases in the exhaust chamber. As a result, IR radiation is suppressed from areas of the exhaust system which are exposed to IR detectors.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an erosion resistant, low signature liner for solid propellant rocket motors and rocket motors having such a low signature liner. The liner combustion products in the exhaust plume have low visibility in the IR and visible light spectra which is essential for use in low signature solid propellant rocket motors. The liner also forms an in-situ protective layer at elevated temperatures for enhanced erosion resistance. These erosion resistant properties eliminate the need for supplemental case insulation which would contribute additional smoke and combustion products to the exhaust plume as well as add additional costs and inert weight to the motor.

Abstract: In a cooled wall part having a plurality of separate convectively cooled longitudinally cooling ducts (2) running near the inner wall (1) and parallel thereto, adjacent longitudinal cooling ducts (2) being connected to one another in each case via intermediate ribs (3), there is provided at the downstream end of the longitudinal cooling ducts (2) a deflecting device (4) which is connected to at least one backflow cooling duct (6) which is arranged near the outer wall (5) in the wall part and from which a plurality of tubelets (7) extending to the inner wall (1) of the cooled wall part and arranged in the intermediate ribs (3) branch off. By means of this wall part, the cooling medium can be put to multiple use for cooling (convective, effusion, film cooling).

Abstract: A transpiration cooling system for avoiding overheating of an airfoil is provided. The airfoil is provided with a plurality of apertures and a source of pressurized fluid for providing a flow of fluid through the apertures to establish an aerodynamic radius. The aerodynamic radius of curvature of leading edge is sufficiently greater than the mechanical radius of curvature of the leading edge that peak heat flux is independent of the mechanical radius of curvature. The mechanical radius of curvature is preferably less than 50% of the aerodynamic radius of curvature during hypersonic operation. Preferably the mechanical radius of curvature is the smallest allowed by the fabrication method (i.e., a knife edge), such as being less than about 0.02 inches, preferably less than about 0.01 inches. The transpiration blowing rate can be adjusted so that the blowing rate and aerodynamic radius of curvature are relatively low except during periods of maximum heat flux, such as the shock-on-lip point.

Abstract: The present invention comprises at least one active cooling apparatus incorporated into the nozzle liner of sidewall of an afterburner. The liner has a plurality of cooling air holes located under the apparatus. Within the liner is a supply of cooling air under high pressure. Over the holes in the liner is flexibly attached the active cooling apparatus which is composed of an inner manifold having a bottom layer with a plurality of receiving holes therein which are offset from the supply holes of the liner and a top layer also having a plurality of vent holes therein which are further offset from the holes in the bottom layer. Attached over the inner manifold is a hot cover layer which is located a small distance above the inner manifold top layer. The hot cover layer also has a plurality of flow path holes therein. A hot gas stream flowing over the hot cover layer bleeds into the inner manifold.

Abstract: A device for tapping off hot gases in a combustion chamber into which arrive a plurality of injectors has a tap-off means intended for conveying gases tapped off from the combustion chamber to an additional cavity. The tap-off means is formed of at least one tubular element having, in the region of its end opposite the combustion chamber a nozzle for individual adjustment of the flow of gases tapped off. A number of tap-off devices can be incorporated in an injector head comprising several injectors. The tap-off means comprises a cooling system using one of the cold propellants.

Abstract: This disclosure is for a liner for the exit nozzle of a gas turbine engine. The liner is double walled liner with insulation material between the walls, and with a plurality of tubes extending through the walls and the insulation. Primary cooling is accomplished by film cooling through the tubes. During periods of low coolant medium flow, the liner provides a barrier against radiation and convection. The use of the insulating material allows both walls of the liner to carry the pressure loads.

Abstract: A method for operating a rocket engine by injecting fuel and oxidizer into an elongated combustion chamber in two flows, a core flow where the fuel and oxidizer are intimately mixed and immediately combusted and a peripheral curtain flow which surrounds the core flow and which is in contact with the combustion chamber wall to cool it and limit the heat transfer from the wall to the injector to prevent vapor locks in the injector. To prevent decomposed or partially combusted propellant products from chemically reacting with the chamber wall no mixing of fuel and oxidizer takes place in the curtain flow. The curtain flow is deflected radially inward into the core flow, before decomposed or partially combusted products can come into contact with the wall, into the core flow to fully combust the curtain flow out of contact with the wall. The rocket engine is defined by serially arranged first and second combustion chambers and an injector constructed to form the core and curtain flows.

Abstract: A method for operating a rocket engine by injecting fuel and oxidizer into an elongated combustion chamber in two flows, a core flow where the fuel and oxidizer are intimately mixed and immediately combusted and a peripheral curtain flow which surrounds the core flow and which is in contact with the combustion chamber wall to cool it and limit the heat transfer from the wall to the injector to prevent vapor locks in the injector. To prevent decomposed or partially combusted propellant products from chemically reacting with the chamber wall no mixing of fuel and oxidizer takes place in the curtain flow. The curtain flow is deflected radially inward into the core flow, before decomposed or partially combusted products can come into contact with the wall, into the core flow to fully combust the curtain flow out of contact with the wall. The rocket engine is defined by serially arranged first and second combustion chambers and an injector constructed to from the core and curtain flows.

Abstract: A gas turbine exhaust nozzle capable of long term, reliable operation is disclosed. Nozzle cooling concepts specifically directed to convergent-divergent exhaust nozzles are developed. The exhaust nozzle disclosed has a cooling liner which is strategically positioned in the nozzle to take advantage of aerodynamic conditions along the axial length of the nozzle.

Abstract: A combustion engine has a plurality of equidistantly spaced jets disposed about a drive shaft. Fuel flows through the center of a two-piece drive shaft and combines with air in jets for combustion which is self-sustaining once ignited. Each of the jets is designed to accommodate water injection for vaporization to increase the exhaust thrust of the jets. In a further embodiment of the invention, a liquid flywheel comprises a lower tank disposed about a rotating vertically aligned shaft and contains a liquid which rises up tubes connecting the tank to an upper chamber. Fluid accumulating in the upper chamber acts as a momentum stabilizer to increase the efficiency of the engine. Vaporization water may be introduced into each of the plurality of jets disposed about the drive shaft by connecting lines which receive water from a source connected to an annular chamber in the two-piece drive shaft.

Abstract: A rocket engine includes a housing which defines a combustion chamber and a thrust nozzle connected to the combustion chamber and having an opposite end terminating in a thrust discharge. The thrust nozzle includes a rear section which includes walls or channels defined for transmitting a fluid in heat exchange relationship with the walls of the rear section advantageously as a regenerative cooling. The thrust nozzle also includes a rear section which terminates in a discharge opening or series of discharge openings at the rear end thereof which aids in the thrust generation. The rear thrust nozzle section is provided with one or more inlet openings and with a plurality of discharges or outlets which open into the interior of the thrust nozzle section and provide a film cooling along the interior wall thereof at spaced axial or longitudinal locations along the thrust nozzle.

Abstract: A sheet laminate is utilised in the manufacture of a combustion chamber for a gas turbine engine. The laminate has passages therethrough, which connect with ambient atmosphere via holes. The arrangement creates local relatively thick portions or lands which cause stress concentrations along the passages and lines of holes. Therefore pockets are machined in the rear face of each land, so as to reduce the differences in thickness of the laminate and thereby ensure the more even distribution of stresses.

Abstract: Two overlapping members subject to relative displacement and separated by a gap for spreading a pressurized fluid as a film over the overlapped member are provided with a metering device for providing an essentially constant fluid flow area irrespective of the size of the gap resulting from differences in relative displacement of the members. The metering devices comprise a flexible seal connected to one of the members, the seal being of such a length that it engages in sealing contact the other member under the influence of the pressurized fluid. Orifices of a predetermined size and number formed within the seal provide a generally constant flow area for metering the fluid prior to passage through the gap.

Abstract: An air-cooled, variable-throat, convergent-divergent nozzle for a turbojet engine. Active cooling constituent structures of the nozzle include: passages, for flow of cooling air, integral to, and within, convergent and divergent flaps and seal members; finned sections in nozzle components which are provided air from the passages; air exit slots on the convergent flaps; a hinged connection at each convergent flap-to-divergent flap (and divergent seal member) interconnection; staggered air outlet openings in each divergent flap; and, a tubular air feed system to provide cooling air from each divergent flap to an adjacent cooperating divergent seal member. Passive cooling is accomplished: by seal members overlapping adjacent side edges of convergent and divergent flaps, preventing leaking of cooling air and hot gas through the side edges; and, by a sealing hinged connection at each convergent flap-to-divergent flap (and divergent seal member) interconnection.

Abstract: A fluid cooled rocket, comprises a tubular housing which forms an interior combustion chamber which has a closed end formed by a head containing a propellant component injector, and an opposite opened end forming a thrust gas discharge. The housing side walls define an interior combustion chamber of uniform diameter, adjacent the closed head, is formed into an inwardly converging portion, a nozzle neck portion of smallest diameter, and an outwardly diverging portion, all proceed in a direction from the closed end toward the opposite gas discharge open end.

Abstract: 1.

Abstract: An infrared suppressor for use with an engine to receive the engine exhaust gases from the engine exhaust flange. Individual panels, cooled by a combination of convection and film cooling techniques, make up the suppressor. The suppressor may be configured as an axisymmetrical plug, a single or double rectangular scoop, or any number of other geometrics.

Abstract: An exhaust duct for a turbofan aircraft engine includes a bulbous inner cone which blocks direct sight of the turbine through the duct. Ram air from the fan is caught by scoops and conveyed from a plenum into the double outer wall of the exhaust duct and through hollow struts to the inner cone. Circumferential outlets for film cooling air are distributed axially of the surface of the outer and inner walls. Also, film cooling air is discharged from the struts to cool the rear part of the struts which are visible from without the engine. Direct radiation from within the cone to the outside is blocked by ribs extending into the inside of the inner cone immediately upstream of the cooling air outlets.

Abstract: An electrothermal reactor is provided to control the decomposition of chemical compounds and mixes and generate a gas flow. The reactor embodies a reaction chamber which has an electrical heat source. Means are provided to inject the chemical compounds and mixes into the chamber such that the compounds will vaporize. The heat source raises the temperature within the chamber to the reaction temperature wherein the chemical compounds and mixes react, thereby releasing chemical energy and producing a gas flow of the reaction products.