Abstract: A bearing supporting an end of a layshaft in an internal combustion engine is lubricated by injection of oil through a flange that mounts the layshaft on the engine. A pressure responsive flow control valve controls delivery of oil through the flange to the bearing. A backflow prevention adapter prevents back flow of oil to the engine's oil pump.

Abstract: A control device and a control method of an electric booster include an assist function by an electrical actuator. An input piston of the electric booster moves along an axial direction within the booster piston in response to an operation of a brake pedal. During a brake operation, the control device controls an electric motor to integrally move the input piston and the booster piston while retaining a length of a gap between the input piston and the booster piston. In addition, when starting an internal-combustion engine, the control device performs a control of shortening the length of the gap to prepare for a decrease in power supply voltage of the electric motor. Therefore, a force in a return direction applied to the input piston from the booster piston in association with a power supply drop is suppressed, and causing a driver to feel a sense of discomfort is suppressed.

Abstract: A method of controlling an exhaust gas treatment system includes measuring a quantity of fuel used by the vehicle during a defined time period of a regeneration event, and estimating a quantity of particulate matter being burnt from a particulate filter during the defined time period to define a particulate matter burn rate. The quantity of fuel used is compared with the calculated particulate matter burn rate to define a regeneration fuel efficiency ratio. The regeneration fuel efficiency ratio is compared to a minimum regeneration fuel efficiency rate to determine if the regeneration event is an efficient use of fuel or is not an efficient use of fuel. The regeneration event is stopped prior to an estimated completion of the regeneration event when the comparison of the regeneration fuel efficiency ratio to the minimum regeneration fuel efficiency rate indicates that the regeneration event is not an efficient use of fuel.

Abstract: A fluid flow path control unit includes a fluid supply unit supplying fluid to a hydraulic connection/disconnection unit and a fluid supplied portion, and a flow path selector valve disposed on a fluid flow path between the fluid supply unit and the fluid supplied portion or stradding between a hydraulic path communicating between the fluid supply unit and the hydraulic connection/disconnection unit and the fluid flow path. The selector valve includes a valve element switchable between a first operating position and a second operating position, a restoration member biasing the valve element from the second position toward the first position and a fluid chamber accomodating fluid biasing the valve element from the first position toward the second position. The fluid flow path has a flow path resistance differing between when the valve element is in the first position and when the valve element is in the second position.

Abstract: A hydraulic oil supply device includes: a work equipment pump that supplies a hydraulic oil to a hydraulic actuator that drives a work equipment; a fan pump that supplies the hydraulic oil to a hydraulic motor that drives a cooling fan; and a circuit switching valve provided on a hydraulic circuit being branched from a hydraulic circuit connecting the hydraulic actuator with the work equipment pump to be connected to the fan pump, the circuit switching valve selectively connecting a discharge portion of the fan pump to the hydraulic actuator and the hydraulic motor.

Abstract: In a self-propelled machine F for processing paving material, the machine having a liquid cooled combustion engine M and at least one hydraulic circuit H containing hydraulic pumps 6, hydromotors or hydrostatic drive units 7-10 and at least one hydraulic medium reservoir 12, a fan assisted cooling device K including cooling regions 1b, 1c at least for the cooling liquid of the combustion engine M and of the hydraulic medium of the hydraulic circuit H. A hydraulic medium operation temperature setting and regulating device R is provided for the hydraulic medium cooling region 1c constituted by a separate cooler 24 in order to generate an operation temperature T of the hydraulic medium above at least about 60° C. and to maintain this operation temperature depending on the hydraulic load situation in the hydraulic liquid H and on the surrounding climate, independently from a cooling regulating system S for the combustion engine M.

Abstract: A control device for a hydraulically driven fan is provided with a cooling fan which is rotated by a hydraulic motor and carries out ventilation for cooling a working fluid. Further, the control device for the hydraulically driven fan is provided with a sensor for detecting a temperature of the working fluid, and a lever switch for detecting whether a working mechanism actuated by the engine is in a stopped state, by determining whether a working machine lever has been operated. In order that a resonance between the cooling fan and the engine is suppressed, the control device for the hydraulically driven fan further adjusts a rotating speed of the hydraulic motor in correspondence to a detection result by the lever switch. In the case that a stopped state of the working mechanism is detected on the basis of an operation state of the working machine lever by the lever switch, the rotating speed of the hydraulic motor is adjusted.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for lubricating at least two units of a vehicle having an internal combustion engine, each unit comprising one or more assemblies, and to a corresponding vehicle. In order to be able to dispense with an oil change of the individual units, and at the same time ensure the necessary quality and quantity of lubricant, it is proposed according to the invention to conduct the lubricant in series through the at least two units in that fresh lubricant is fed to the first unit from a container, at least some of the used lubricant is removed from the oil trough of the individual units and is fed to the unit which is respectively arranged afterwards in the series, and the lubricant which is removed from the oil trough of the last unit is fed to the internal combustion engine for combustion.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are described for the simultaneous adjustment of an air intake stream 24 of an internal combustion engine 10 and of a secondary air stream 21 into the exhaust system 12 of the internal combustion engine, the secondary air stream being produced by a compressor 20 which is driven by a turbine 18. The turbine 18 is housed in a bypass duct 16, the bypass duct being arranged parallel to a throttle valve 14 in the air intake tract 11 of the internal combustion engine. Thus the required amount of secondary air 21 is dependent upon the throttle valve setting. To create compensation for this, a control valve 32, for example, is created, which is connected through a connecting duct 4 to the secondary air duct 22.

Abstract: A portable fueling control system is provided for delivering bulk fuel to a vehicle from a pressurized source. The portable system includes a fluid driven power source for operating auxiliary instrumentation of the system. An inlet receives the bulk fuel from the pressurized source. The inlet has a primary fluid path and a secondary fluid path. A first flow rate control is in fluidic communication with the primary fluid path for adjustably controlling the flow rate of bulk fuel from the pressurized source to a system outlet. A first monitor is operably linked to the secondary fluid path and the first flow rate control. The first monitor is responsive to the flow rate of the secondary fluid path for actuating the first flow rate control to vary the pressure difference across the first flow rate control.

Abstract: A pollution control method and related devices for cyclical internal combustion engines having a separate combustion chamber (1), wherein the compression chamber, the combustion chamber (1) and the expansion chamber (16) consist of three separate and entirely self-contained portions. During low-power operation, e.g. in urban traffic, the fuel injector (6) is no longer controlled during filling of the combustion chamber, whereby the combustion chamber is filled with high-temperature pure compressed air at each cycle. A small amount of additional air from an outer tank (23) for storing highly pressurized air at room temperature is fed into the combustion chamber substantially after the intake of compressed air from the engine compressor, and heated as it contacts the hot compressed air already present in the combustion chamber (1), whereafter it expands and increases the starting pressure to enable effective work to be produced during expansion.

Abstract: A vehicle for self-propelled travel through a body of water includes a hull, a propulsive element for engaging the water, an engine, and a fuel storage container. The engine includes a combustion chamber for receiving a monopropellant fuel and combusting the monopropellant fuel to form an energized gas. The engine includes responsive elements for drawing energy from expansion of the energized gas. The responsive elements are coupled to the propulsive element to drive the propulsive element. A fuel flow path extends from the container upstream to the combustion chamber downstream. A pump system pumps the fuel from the container. A port draws water from the body of water through the hull in at least a first mode of operation. A water flow path extends from the port upstream to the combustion chamber downstream in at least the first mode of operation.

Abstract: An external combustion engine for driving a power shaft, which includes a rotary combustion chamber having an eccentric rotor and a plurality of telescoping vanes extending from the rotor to the inner walls of the combustion chamber. The vanes divide the combustion chamber into individual compression and combustion cells. As the rotor rotates the cells become progressively smaller in volume compressing a flammable mixture of fuel and air. At the point of maximum compression the mixture is ignited. The expanding gasses are permitted to escape into an adjacent expansion chamber in which rides a reciprocating piston, driving the piston and producing work.

Abstract: The hydraulic pressure to be supplied to a hydraulic actuator mounted on a vehicle, such as a hydraulic cylinder for vehicle height control, is arranged to be generated by utilizing a waste heat of a power source such as an engine of the vehicle or the like. There are provided an oil chamber to be connected to a hydraulic actuator, a pressurizing chamber containing therein, in a sealed manner, a medium which varies between a gaseous state and a liquid state, and a heating device which heats and evaporates the medium inside the pressurizing chamber and through which cooling water for cooling the power source to be mounted on the vehicle flows. The hydraulic pressure is generated by compressing the oil chamber by a vapor pressure of the medium inside the pressurizing chamber. In case the hydraulic actuator is a hydraulic cylinder for a vehicle height control, there is provided a flow control valve which controls the amount of supply of the cooling water to the heating device depending on the vehicle height.

Abstract: A refueling cart, for refueling large aircraft at a major airport having pressurized fuel hydrants at loading/unloading aprons, includes auxiliary facilities on the refueling cart that are usually powered by compressed air that is obtained from compressed-air bottles carried on the cart. In order to avoid the labor and annoyance of checking and refilling the bottles of compressed air, a small air compressor is carried on the refueling cart and is powered by a hydraulic motor that is in turn powered by the flowing pressurized fuel. A variable-flow valve is placed in the path of the fuel flowing from a hydrant to the airplane. The pressure generated across the variable-flow valve by the flowing fuel pushes some of the fuel in a path that bypasses the variable-flow valve. That bypass path includes the hydraulic motor, and the bypassing fuel at the pressure difference generated by the variable-flow valve drives the fluid motor. The fluid motor, in turn, drives the air compressor.

Abstract: A multispool gas turbine engine for an aircraft application includes a transmission system which is operative to transfer power between relatively rotatable engine spools. In a first mode the transmission system is operative to transfer power from the engine's low pressure spool to its high pressure spool and thereby improve the engine's in-flight relight characteristics; in a second mode it is operative to transfer power from the engine's intermediate pressure spool to its high pressure spool to improve engine part speed performance; and in a third mode to transfer power from the engine's high pressure spool to its intermediate pressure spool to assist in ground starting. With each shaft is an associated flow displacement machine (64,66,62) operable as a pump or motor. In other embodiments, a differential is employed for the power transfer between spools.

Abstract: A low or no pollution engine is provided for delivering power for vehicles or other power applications. The engine has an air inlet which collects air from a surrounding environment. The air is compressed through multiple stages of compression with intercoolers between the compressors. The air is then purged of any constituents which have a relatively high freezing point in a scrubber and then expanded in a turboexpander which causes the air to be cooled down to near air liquifaction temperatures. The air is then passed through a rectifier, where nitrogen is removed from the air. The remaining air is substantially entirely oxygen, which is then compressed and routed to a gas generator. The gas generator has an igniter and inputs for the high pressure oxygen and a high pressure hydrogen containing fuel, such as hydrogen or methane. The fuel and oxygen are combusted within the gas generator, forming water and possibly carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A refueling cart, for refueling large aircraft at a major airport having pressurized fuel hydrants at loading/unloading aprons, includes auxiliary facilities on the refueling cart that are usually powered by compressed air that is obtained from compressed-air bottles carried on the cart. To avoid the labor and annoyance of checking and refilling the bottles of compressed air, a small air compressor is carried on the refueling cart and is powered by a fluid motor that is in turn powered by the flowing pressurized fuel. A variable orifice is placed in the path of the fuel flowing from a hydrant to the airplane. The pressure generated across the variable orifice by the flowing fuel pushes a small amount of fuel in a path that bypasses the orifice. That bypass path includes the fluid motor, and the bypassing fuel at the pressure difference generated by the orifice drives the fluid motor. The flow of fuel to the airplane is not constant but varies as the planes tank(s) are filled.

Abstract: A cycle for an external combustion engine having two external variable volume combustion chambers, each with a floating piston. A compressor provides pressurized gas selectively to a first or second end of the combustion chambers. The introduction of the pressurized gas into one end of the combustion chamber forces the floating piston to move to the opposite end. When a predetermined combustion chamber pressure is obtained combustion of previously injected fuel is initiated. At a peak pressure, water is injected in the combustion chamber increasing the pressure further. Valves at either end of the combustion chamber selectively and controllably release the pressure from the combustion chamber depending upon which end the floating piston is located. The pressure released from the combustion chamber is used to drive a plurality of pistons or a turbine, thereby creating useful work such as rotating a shaft.

Abstract: A continuous combustion, pinned vane type, positive displacement, rotary compressor and expander engine system comprises a compressor which outputs compressed air, a combustor which effects continuous combustion of a combustion gas mixture containing fuel and the compressed air and produces a combustion gas output. An expander is coupled to receive a mixture of combustion gas and an expansion fluid as an expandable working gas. The expander expands the expandable working gas and performs work to cause rotation of an engine output shaft. Each the compressor and the expander comprises a respective pinned vane type, positive displacement, rotary device. The engine system further includes an expansion fluid flow path having an input port to which the expansion fluid is supplied, and an output port coupled to combine the expansion fluid with the combustion gas as the expandable working gas.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having at least two external variable volume combustion chambers, each with a floating piston. A compressor provides pressurized gas selectively to a first or second end of the combustion chambers. The introduction of the pressurized gas into one end of the combustion chamber forces the floating piston to move to the opposite end. When a predetermined combustion chamber pressure is obtained combustion of previously injected fuel is initiated. At a peak pressure, water is injected in the combustion chamber increasing the pressure further. Valves at either end of the combustion chamber selectively and controllably release the pressure from the combustion chamber depending upon which end the floating piston is located. The pressure released from the combustion chamber is used to drive a plurality of pistons or a turbine, thereby creating useful work such as rotating a shaft. A rotating shaft is used to drive the compressor for supplying the pressurized air to the combustion chamber.

Abstract: The reciprocating engine which is particularly useful as an internal combustion engine, comprises a housing (1) with, mounted to rotate about a first axis of rotation (7), a cylinder rotor (5) having three pairs of cylinders (15) which are angularly offset in respect of one another by 120.degree. about the first axis of rotation (7). Disposed in the cylinders (15) are pistons (17) which are rigidly connected to one another in pairs by piston rods (19). Also mounted in the housing is a crank shaft (23) which is rotatable about a second axis of rotation (25) which is axially parallel with and offset by a predetermined eccentricity (e) in relation to the first axis of rotation (7). The piston rods (19) of the pairs of pistons are guided on the crank shaft (23) by means of eccentric bearings (27, 31). The eccentric bearings (27, 31) define in relation to the crank shaft (23) fixed axes of rotation (33) which, are angularly offset by 120.degree. in respect of one another.

Abstract: An improved efficiency external combustion engine which utilizes separation on the thermodynamic processes that occur in an external combustion engine into components designed to maximum each operation. The external combustion engine varies flow volume of air to the combustor in response to power demands and delivers fuel to the combustor at a constant air-to-fuel ratio. The system further comprises separate compressors, combustors and expanders wherein the compressor utilizes isothermal compression, the combustor utilizes constant pressure or constant volume combustion or a combination of the two and may provide final compression, and the expander may utilize subatmospheric expansion. Exhaust heat may be regenerated and used in the primary cycle. The engine also comprises a positive lubrication system for the cylinders and pistons that allows a constant flow of a lubricant around the piston. A wide variance valve control mechanism is introduced which offers varied valve timings.

Abstract: An external combustion engine having a combustion expansion chamber. The ine includes a combustion chamber for generating a high-pressure, energized gas from a monopropellant fuel, and a cylinder for receiving the energized gas through a rotary valve to perform work on a cylinder disposed therein. A baffle plate is positioned between the combustion area and expansion area for reducing the pressure of the gas. The combustion area and expansion area are separated by a baffle plate having a flow area which is sufficiently large to eliminate the transmission of pressure pulsations from the combustion area to the expansion area while being small enough to provide for substantially complete combustion in the combustion area. The engine is particularly well suited for use in a torpedo.

Abstract: A solid fuel preferred to be prepared from cleaned and pressed coal powder to a high density is led into a combustion chamber. Air is compressed to a high temperature which exceeds the self ignition temperature of the mentioned solid fuel. This compressed air is also led into the combustion chamber to meet there the tip of the solid fuel sheet and to ignite and burn the fuel in the hot air in the combustion chamber. The hot burned gas can then be led into an expander and the expander can drive a compressor for the supply of the mentioned hot air. The device then forms a combustion engine with continuous combustion in an external combustion chamber. In my parental U.S. Pat. No. 4,809,503 the solid fule is a fuel bar. This present application deals mainly with a solid fuel sheet or tape which is wider than it is thick. Thereby it is secured that the fuel portions meet exactly the required amounts of hot air locally at a wide meeting and burning place.

Abstract: A combustion engine has a combustion chamber separated from the compression and expansion chamber(s). Passages are provided between the combustion chamber and the compression chamber(s) and the combustion chamber and the expansion chamber(s) with respective valves in the passages and inlet and exhaust valves provided in the combustion and expansion chamber. The combustion chamber maintains the combustion after passing fuel into the compressed air received from the compression chamber. The valves and piston heads are formed to prevent dead space in the cylinders in order to obtain a good efficiency by full discharge of the compressed air into the combustion chamber. Fuel cleaning means like, for example, a rotary separator and pure gas collecter are provided in the combustion chamber to separate unclean fuel particles, as, for example, ash or sand in coal, from the burned gases and collect the unclean particles in separated collection spaces.

Abstract: An improved six cycle internal combustion engine is provided comprised of an engine block; a crank shaft mounted within said engine block; at least one cylinder within which a piston is slidably mounted and operably connected to said crank shaft; a valve head fixedly attached to said engine block; said valve head, piston and cylinder defining a variable volume chamber; an admission duct adapted to admit air into said variable volume chamber; an exhaust duct adapted to remove exhaust gases from said variable volume chamber; said valve head further including a preheating chamber positioned between and capable of fluid communication with said admission duct and said variable volume chamber and a combustion chamber positioned and said variable volume chamber; said valve head further including (a) at least one admission valve to control the admission of air from said preheating chamber into said variable volume chamber (b) at least one exhaust valve to control the flow of gases from said variable volume chamber in

Abstract: A rotary internal combustion engine has a housing with an elliptical inside surface surrounding an elliptical rotor forming with the housing combustion chambers. Valve and ignition assemblies connected to a source of air under pressure and injectors for introducing fuel into the air supply sequentially allows the air and fuel mixture to flow into the combustion chambers and ignite the air and fuel mixture therein. Vane and seal assemblies on the rotor and housing are controlled with cam and linkages to provide positive effective gas seals between the housing and rotor. A slack adjuster maintains lateral sealing relationships between the housing vane and seal assemblies and opposite side walls of the housing.

Abstract: A combustion engine has a combustion chamber separated from the compression and expansion chamber(s). Passages are provided between the combustion chamber and the compression chamber(s) and the combustion chamber and the expansion chamber(s) with respective valves in the passages and inlet and exhaust valves provided in the combustion and expansion chamber. The combustion chamber maintains the combustion after passing fuel into the compressed air received from the compression chamber. The valves and piston heads are formed to prevent dead space in the cylinders in order to obtain a good efficiency by full discharge of the compressed air into the combustion chamber. Fuel cleaning means like, for example, a rotary separator and pure gas collector are provided in the combustion chamber to separate unclean fuel particles, as, for example, ash or sand in coal, from the burned gases and collect the unclean particles in separated collection spaces.

Abstract: A rotary internal combustion engine has a housing with an elliptical inside surface surrounding an elliptical rotor forming with the housing combustion chambers. Valve and ignition assemblies connected to a source of air under pressure and injectors for introducing fuel into the air supply sequentially allows the air and fuel mixture to flow into the combustion chambers and ignite the air and fuel mixture therein. Vane and seal assemblies on the rotor and housing are controlled with cam and linkages to provide positive effective gas seals between the housing and rotor. A slack adjuster maintains lateral sealing relationships between the housing vane and seal assemblies and opposite side walls of the housing.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has separate compression and expansion cylinders which are closed by a rotary valve structure. The rotary valve structure controls intake to the compression cylinder, transfer of compressed gas from the compression cylinder to a combustion chamber, transfer of combustion products from the combustion chamber to the expansion cylinder and exhaust of gases from the expansion cylinder. The valve structure is a one-piece rotationally symmetric unit which is synchronized with movement of piston assemblies carried in the compression cylinder and expansion cylinder, respectively. To maximize compression, the piston face is shaped to conform with rotationally symmetric sides of the valve structure. And to expand the combustion products to near ambient pressure, the expansion cylinder and cooperating piston assembly have a larger volume than the compression cylinder and cooperating compression piston assembly.

Abstract: An energy transformation cycle in which the number of strokes is higher than four, at least four of which are:a. the compression of air contained in a variable volume chamber, into a preheating chamber;b. the expansion of the variable volume chamber through the expansion of hot air contained in the preheating chamber;c. the compression of the expanded hot air contained in the variable volume chamber into a combustion chamber where fuel is introduced to cause the combustion of the mixture; andd. the expansion of the variable volume chamber through the expansion in the chamber of high temperature and high pressure combustion gases from the combustion chamber. The engine comprises a body (23) inside which is a movable member (25) defining a variable volume chamber (29). The body (23) comprises an admission duct (35) and an exhaust duct (34).

Abstract: In a valve in head two-cycle internal combustion engine, a slave piston and a power piston reciprocate in a pair of parallel cylinders. Valve opened and closed intake and exhaust ports respectively communicate with the slave piston and power piston cylinders. The engine head centrally contains a combustion chamber overlying a portion of both cylinders and communicating therewith through a valve opened and closed combustion inlet port and a combustion outlet port, respectively communicating with the slave cylinder and power cylinder so that a fuel rich mixture, when ignited in the combustion chamber, mixes with and burns air compressed in the power cylinder. An engine head supported rocker arm and shaft assembly, driven by a cam shaft, opens and closes the valves in sequence with the reciprocating pistons.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, for a turbine driven by hydraulic fluid, the combustion cylinder's piston is lubricated by the hydraulic fluid and drives the hydraulic fluid, and during the driven movement of the piston, movement of that piston causes the return reciprocal movement of another piston of another hydraulic combustion cylinder, and a starter motor is connected to drive both the turbine and the reciprocatable pistons.

Abstract: An engine with positive displacement piston chambers, an external combustion chamber from which combustion gases pass through suitable valving to piston chambers, an air compressor, a heat exchanger where exhaust gases from the piston chambers preheat compressed air which then flows to the combustion chamber, and an accumulator for storing unneeded compressed air from the compressor. The system has the capability of regenerative braking, i.e., slowing the engine by employing it as a compressor to compress air which is passed to the accumulator.

Abstract: A reciprocating internal combustion engine adapted to provide a selfstarting, controlled expansion and a substantially constant volume combustion in combustion chambers separated from the engine compression and expansion cylinders of the engine.

Abstract: A modified Ericsson cycle engine, the operating cycle of which involves sequential modes of substantially adiabatic compression, constant pressure heat addition, constant temperature expansion, heat rejection at constant volume and heat rejection at constant pressure. A preferred engine embodiment includes at least one compression cylinder discharging compressed heated air through an exhaust heat recuperator to a constant pressure heat make-up combustor wherein fuel is discharged into the air stream and ignited, at least one expander cylinder receiving the fuel-air mixture from the combustor for expansion therein, additional fuel being supplied to the gases within the expander cylinder whereby expansion will take place within the expander cylinder at constant temperature, after which the mixture is then discharged through the exhaust passages in the exhaust heat recuperator through the atmosphere.

Abstract: This invention comprises improvements in combustion products pressure generators of the continuous burner type or expansion chamber type and reciprocating piston engine or turbines which uses the combustion products the expansion chamber produces for power and to drive the air compressor, which supplies combustion air to the expansion chamber.The intent is to produce a multi-fuel propulsion unit suitable for vehicles, boats and ships, locomotives, etc;, where the load varies widely and rapidly.These power units are very economical on fuel and virtually emission free. They will burn most any free flowing liquid fuel, are instant starting, and burn no fuel when idle.The system compresses air with a reciprocating piston compressor controlled by variable volume means and or unloaders. This compressed air goes through an exhaust heated preheater to 800 degrees F, then to the combustion chambers where it is heated to 1600 degrees F by one or more burners at the volume required.

Abstract: A pneumatically actuated valve for controlling the flow of fluid from an inlet passage to the cylinder of a reciprocating piston machine wherein the valve is opened by the fluid pressure in the cylinder as the piston approaches top dead center and closed by fluid pressure from the cylinder supplied to the top of a plunger connected to the end of the valve stem when the piston is preselected distance below top dead center.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprises a compression and expansion casing having an operating member adapted to cause volumetric compression of fuel mixture and volumetric expansion of combustion gas and a combustion tube in which combustion of fuel mixture is effected at a constant pressure. The compression and expansion casing also has means communicating with the interior thereof for providing fuel mixture thereto.

Abstract: A two stroke mechanism is described which has rotary moveable piston and cylinder-piston elements. The piston and cylinder-piston elements both rotate within a stationary body forming two variable volume chambers. The first variable volume chamber formed between the piston and cylinder-piston elements may serve as a combustion or compression chamber. The second variable volume chamber formed around the piston and cylinder-piston elements and within the stationary body may serve as a precompression chamber. Methods for balancing, sealing, intake, discharge and cooling such mechanisms are disclosed. The mechanisms are especially useful as internal combustion primer movers, external combustion prime movers, pumps and compressors.

Abstract: A reciprocating internal combustion engine of the type having a continuous combustion. The combustion chamber must be connected with the cylinders of the engine by suitable transfer ports for supplying the gaseous medium to the cylinders and for discharging the burned mixture. In order to obtain a high efficiency the transfer ports should be as short as possible. This is accomplished by utilizing a piston of step-wise construction having a first surface for compressing the gas and a second surface which limits the gas expansion space. This makes it possible to arrange the combustion chamber adjacent to the cylinders between the compression and expansion space.