Abstract: A two step pressure intensifier adapted for use as a clamp or a via including a housing cylinder which sealingly houses a telescoping cylinder. The telescoping cylinder is extended rapidly outward by application of low pressure to hydraulic fluid within the telescoping cylinder. Upon meeting resistance, the extension speed of the telescoping cylinder is slowed down and high presssure is applied.The use of a small diameter force input rod or piston is encompassed by a close fitting input portion of the telescoping piston so that the two pistons move together during a portion of both their force and retraction strokes.

Abstract: A liquid cable transfer device is provided for transmitting input forces and/or displacements to corresponding output forces and/or displacements. The transfer device includes a section of tubing adapted to accommodate liquid under pressure, and terminal units attached to opposite ends of the tubing. Each unit includes a piston and a biasing element acting against the piston whereby the pistons of both units coact to maintain a certain minimum liquid pressure within the tubing. The piston displacement stroke within one terminal unit caused by either a pull or push input force being applied thereto is transmitted to the piston within the second terminal unit whereby the latter piston is displaced from its initial equilibrium position a predetermined amount.

Abstract: A hydraulic impactor having a reciprocating piston, a liquid coupling having a stepped bore and an actuatable driven member of a configuration to obtain the optimum energy transfer to the driven member.

Abstract: A closed circuit power system is disclosed herein having a hydraulic power device incorporated therein which includes an input piston and cylinder assemblage and an output piston and cylinder assemblage connected together by a fluid conduit so as to operate in unison. The input assemblage includes a piston moved by an input ram so as to apply a fluid pressure via the conduit to the output assemblage. The output assemblage includes a pair of pistons operating in unison in separate chambers in response to the applied fluid pressure for moving an output shaft. The pair of pistons include pressure faces against which the fluid pressure is applied which are of equal area but different shape. A selected piston of the output assemblage includes conical forward and rearward faces with a corresponding or matching concave recess in the rear cylinder wall.

Abstract: Drive is transmitted from a cam to a push rod via a body of liquid trapped between two pistons. A control element is normally urged against a seat by pressure in the body of liquid but can be lifted off its seat by the application of pressure to liquid in a control chamber. When the control element moves clear of its seat, liquid trapped between the pistons acts on a seat-engaging face of the control element and displaces the control element instead of driving the push rod.

Abstract: The power brake unit comprises a master cylinder, a booster utilizing the pressure difference between a vacuum and atmospheric pressure including a vacuum casing, and a cage-like housing structure embracing the vacuum casing and secured to a splashboard of a vehicle, with the master cylinder and the vacuum casing being secured to the housing structure in an operative relationship. The power brake unit is thereby supported by the housing structure in a manner to substantially reduce the lost travel of the brake pedal due to axial extension of the vacuum casing experienced in prior art arrangements caused by applied braking forces and enables a reduction of weight of the power brake unit since lighter weight materials may be employed in the various components of the power brake unit.

Abstract: A brake booster includes a housing with an inner wall defining a pair of pressure chambers. A passage in the inner wall communicates the pressure chambers with each other and an input member is slidably disposed in one of the pressure chambers and an output member is slidably disposed in the other pressure chamber. A resilient member extends between the inner wall and the input member and substantially defines a variable orifice to control fluid communication between an inlet and a return. The return is disposed within the inner wall and the resilient member comprises a coil spring which permits fluid communication between the coils. When the input member is moved the coil spring is contracted to decrease the spacing between the coils, thereby restricting fluid communication between the inlet and the return. Consequently, increased fluid pressure within the other chamber urges the output member to move thereby actuating braking.

Abstract: An improved master cylinder in which a pair of orifices extend through the cylinder wall and means is provided on the exterior of the cylinder to permit fluid communication therebetween. The orifices are located near the end of the cylinder to permit restricted flow around the piston in the master cylinder when it is near or at the end of its stroke to cause both the master and slave piston to complete their strokes and at substantially the same time. A similar pair of orifices and an exterior communication means at the other end of the cylinder provides for re-phasing during piston movement in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A fluid pressure amplifier for intensifying fluid pressure, the amplifier comprising a housing including a hydraulic fluid reservoir therein. A first chamber includes a slave piston mounted for reciprocation therein and for abutting engagement with a workpiece. A hydraulic fluid path extends intermediate the reservoir and the first chamber and a second chamber lies in the path intermediate the first chamber and the reservoir and includes check means intermediate the first and second chambers. A third chamber includes a fluid intensifier piston having a head end and a tail end, the head end being mounted for reciprocation in the third chamber and the tail end being mounted for reciprocation in the second chamber, the head end of the piston having a larger diameter than the tail end. Gas admittance means admit a pressurized gas to a gas path which lies intermediate the gas admittance means and the reservoir.

Abstract: Apparatus and controls are provided for resistance welding one workpiece or body to another. A movable electrode is driven by a cylinder and a piston which are positioned in tandem with a second cylinder and a second piston. The design enables a small pressure applied to the second piston to result in a large force applied by the electrode to the bodies to be welded, with a back-up electrode located on the opposite side of the bodies. Controls for the apparatus enable the force applied by the movable electrode to the bodies to be changed almost instantaneously so that the force applied can be raised and lowered during the actual resistance welding cycle. In some intances, by way of illustration, the pressure is raised while the welding current is on, and, in other instances, the force is decreased and then increased again during the welding cycle.

Abstract: Hydraulic pulse generating apparatus for actuating one or more slave motors, comprises at least one hydraulic master cylinder, which in use is connected to a slave motor by flexible tubing or otherwise.The master cylinder is fitted with a reciprocating plunger which is operated by power actuated driving means, and the cylinder communicates with a hydraulic fluid reservoir which is maintained at a pressure intermediate the maximum and minimum pressures produced in the cylinder by operation of the plunger.Manual control means are provided, to prevent the transmission of pressure pulses to the motor while the power actuated driving means continues to operate and for this purpose the master cylinder preferably communicates with a transfer chamber, the volumetric capacity of which is variable by operation of the manual control means.Means are also provided whereby, when the capacity of the transfer chamber is thus increased beyond its normal capacity, the further inflow of fluid from the reservoir is prevented.

Abstract: An operator cylinder comprising, in combination with a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit, an idle transmission piston for supplying to the hydraulic cylinder a pressure of control, and a stress multiplier for supplying when necessary an increased pressure simultaneously excluding the operation of the transmission piston.