Abstract: Methods and devices are described for performing a combined hysteroscopy and endometrial sampling. Techniques for improving visual images include forward facing fluid ports for clearing tissue debris and LED positioning and design. Manufacturability is improved through separately formed tip and shaft pieces. User interface features are described including user-friendly handle-mounted buttons as well the use of an interactive integrated touch screen display. The handle and display can be mated to a docking station for storage and recharging batteries.

Abstract: An endoscopic system including an endoscope, a light source for the endoscope and at least one image sensor for capturing a plurality of images of a body cavity. The light source is configured to emit light from the endoscope and into the body cavity such that the light is reflected off of a plurality of locations in the body cavity. The system also includes a control system for controlling both the light source and the at least one image sensor to vary parameters of the light source and the at least one image sensor such that the plurality of images have underexposed and overexposed regions. The endoscopic system could alternatively include a variable-attenuator element device adjacent the image sensor and configured to be located between the body cavity and the image sensor for capturing a single clear image with the image sensor.

Abstract: An endoscopic device having a one-handed, either-handed steering mechanism is presented. The endoscopic device includes some components that are sterile and used on only a single patient. The single-use components are medically disposed of after exposure to a non-sterile environment such as an internal body cavity of a patient. The endoscopic device also includes some reusable components that are not exposed to a non-sterile environment.

Abstract: A detachable stylet assembly for endotracheal intubation of a patient is disclosed. The stylet comprises an elongated tube defining: a longitudinal axis, a proximal end for detachably mounting the stylet to a hand grip, and a distal end for entering the trachea of the patient. The tube comprises an articulation section adjacent the distal end adapted to curve into the trachea upon actuation. An actuator housing is mounted on and adjacent to the proximal end of the tube. An actuating assembly is constructed inside the actuator housing having connection means for engaging the hand grip. A control wire is mounted within the actuator housing and connected to the actuating assembly. The control wire extends through the tube to the distal end of the tube and is adapted to curve the articulation section upon actuation. The hand grip comprises a base handle and a trigger for manual actuation of the actuator assembly. The trigger comprises finger grooves for convenient gripping.

Abstract: An endoscopic aspiration device is mounted on a manipulating head of an endoscope, from which an elongated insertion rod member is extended forward, the endoscopic aspiration device being composed of a valve casing which is mounted on the manipulation head in communication with an aspiration passage running through the insertion rod member, and a valve assembly unit including a valve member, a valve guide member and a connector member attached to the valve guide member to communicate same with a proximal aspiration passage on the side of a suction source. The valve member is put in a sliding displacement along the valve guide member to bring the aspiration passage into and out of communication with the proximal aspiration passage on the side of a suction source. The valve guide member is coupled with the valve casing through a coupling mechanism which permits to turn the valve assembly unit on and relative to the manipulating head.

Abstract: A S-shaped visible hard intubating stylet comprises a LCD display, a handler and a hard stylet which are connected successively; the hard stylet has an outer end provided with a camera and a light emitter which are connecting to the LCD display, respectively; the hard stylet is formed to comprise, from one end to the other end, successively, a first linear section, an arc-shaped section, a circular arc-shaped section and a second linear section; a tangential direction of a tail end of the circular arc-shaped section that is adjacent to the arc-shaped section, and an axis direction of the handler, have an included angle which is ranging from no 20°; the circular arc-shaped section has a circular arc radius which is ranging from 45 mm to 75 mm; the circular arc-shaped section has a circular arc corresponding to a central angle which is ranging from 60° to 80°; the second linear section and the axis direction of the handler have an included angle which is ranging from 50° to 70°.

Abstract: The present invention provides a surgical controlling system, comprising: a. at least one endoscope adapted to provide real-time image of surgical environment of a human body; b. at least one processing means, adapted to real time define n element within said real-time image of surgical environment of a human body; each of said elements is characterized by predetermined characteristics; c. image processing means in communication with said endoscope, adapted to image process said real-time image and to provide real time updates of said predetermined characteristics; d. a communicable database, in communication with said processing means and said image processing means, adapted to store said predetermined characteristics and said updated characteristics; wherein said system is adapted to notify if said updated characteristics are substantially different from said predetermined characteristics.

Abstract: Method for advancing a colonoscope within a colon of the body of a patient, the method including the procedures of acquiring a stereoscopic image pair of a region of the interior of the colon, identifying topographical features in the stereoscopic image pair, determining the depth of each of the topographical features in the stereoscopic image pair, and indicating the appropriate direction to advance the colonoscope, the direction being toward at least a selected one of the topographical features with greater depth than others of the topographical features.

Abstract: An insertion device includes an idle state detector detecting an idle state in which an insertion section does not move in directions along the longitudinal axis when a rotation unit rotates in directions around the longitudinal axis, and a movement displacement calculator calculating a rotation direction and amount of the rotation unit based on a driving direction and amount of the driving member and calculating a movement displacement of the insertion section from a reference position in directions parallel to the longitudinal axis based on the rotation direction and amount of the rotation unit. the movement displacement calculator calculates the movement displacement of the insertion section so that a movement amount of the insertion section in the longitudinal directions while the idle state being detected is zero.

Abstract: A medical imaging system including a control module having a processor, at least one input module transmitting identifying information once connected to the control module, a display coupled to the control module for displaying image data received from the at least one input module, and a software executing on the processor for presenting icons on the display associated with the identifying information.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide improved visualization systems and methods for minimally invasive surgery. Some embodiments include the use of reverse kinematic positioning of camera systems to provide rapid and manual surgeon controllable positioning of camera systems as well as display of 3D surgical area images along the line of sight between a surgeon's eyes and the surgical area itself.

Abstract: A minimally invasive endoscopic surgical procedure or an endoscopic surgical procedure through natural orifices which includes: introducing a spacial structure in a shrunken state into a body cavity by a spacial structure introduction portion; enlarging the spacial structure in the body cavity; setting the enlarged spacial structure in a predetermined position in the body cavity and supporting the tissues inside of the body cavity with the set spacial structure; inserting a distal end of at least an endoscope or a treatment instrument from at least a part of an opening portion of the spacial structure, and orienting the distal end to a pathological lesion located on the inner side of the tissues inside of the body cavity which is supported by the spacial structure.

Abstract: A living-body observation system is provided with: an in-vivo observation apparatus including: an in-vivo information acquiring section; a power source section; a magnetic field detection section that detects a magnetic field from outside and outputs a detected result as an electric signal; and a power supply section that controls a supply state of driving power supplied to the in-vivo information acquiring section, and the operation of the in-vivo information acquiring section, based on the electric signal; and a magnetic field generating section that is disposed outside the in-vivo observation apparatus and generates the magnetic field, wherein the power supply section includes a control section that controls the operation of the in-vivo information acquiring section of the in-vivo observation apparatus.

Abstract: A retractor includes a handle portion, a blade portion coupled to the handle portion. The blade portion is configured for insertion into an internal region of a patient. The blade portion includes a first portion configured to manipulate tissue of the patient. In an embodiment, a locator element is configured to highlight an external region of the patient to indicate to a user the location of the first portion in the internal region. In an embodiment, a signal-transmission medium is coupled to the blade portion and has a port. An overmolded camera unit has a lens and is configured to couple with the port. When the camera unit is coupled with the port, the lens is oriented to capture images of the internal region.

Abstract: A self-contained surgical system includes a sterilizable shaft having a light source and/or an image capture device mounted at the distal end of the shaft or connected to the distal end of the shaft by fiber optics. The light source is a light emitting diode or an array of light emitting diodes, and has its own power source located at the distal end of the shaft. The shaft includes a working channel, an irrigation/aspiration channel, and an electric cable. The shaft is coupled at its proximal end to a control module having a video processor and an integrally-mounted display screen for displaying image data from the image capture device. The control module includes an irrigation/aspiration system, a control unit, and a controller. The power module includes steering motors connected to steering cables in the shaft and drive motors and a power source.

Abstract: A capsule endoscope includes a capsule type housing and a circuit board on which a plurality of board sections are arranged in a row, the circuit board being housed inside the housing in a bent state. Connection electrodes for electronic component mounting are not formed on a second principal plane of the circuit board.

Abstract: An antenna connection unit is a unit to which receiving antennas for receiving a wireless signal transmitted from a capsule endoscope introduced into a subject, is connectable. The antenna connection unit includes a received electric field strength detector configured to detect received strength of the wireless signal according to a plurality of pieces of input power from the receiving antennas, a correction parameter generation unit configured to generate a received strength correction parameter for correcting the received electric field strength detector, which is obtained by correcting the plurality of pieces of input power and the received strength corresponding to each input power, based on a reference parameter indicating a relationship between each input power and a detection strength obtained by performing a measurement for a received electric field strength detection circuit as a reference in advance, and a storage unit for storing the received strength correction parameter.

Abstract: A position information estimation system includes: a body-insertable apparatus that is inserted into a subject and moves through an inside of the subject; a receiving unit that receives information from the body-insertable apparatus; and an information processor that performs processes on the information acquired from the receiving unit. The receiving unit includes an acquisition antenna that includes a plurality of receiving antennas and acquires information from the body-insertable apparatus.

Abstract: An endoscopic pedicle probe for use during spinal surgery to form a hole in a pedicle for reception of a pedicle screw has an enlarged proximal end for cooperation with the hand of the surgeon and an elongate shaft terminating in a distal tip that may be pushed through the pedicle to form the hole. The tip may be detachable for replacement. An endoscope extends through the shaft and is connected with a monitor to enable the surgeon to visually observe the area being treated. In a preferred form a light means extends through the shaft to illuminate the area being treated, and in a further preferred form a conduit extends through the shaft to convey a fluid to flush the area being treated. In a further embodiment, two endoscopes are associated with the probe.

Abstract: An operating room control system that is soft configurable allowing a user to completely configure the control and function of the system. The system includes a touchscreen that provides a video display received from a video endoscope and presents icons on the touchscreen allowing the user to control and interface with the tools/equipment in the operating room as well as hospital systems. The controls, displays, tools, equipment, etc. are configured to be operated from a single centralized platform.

Abstract: A method and system for identifying a portion of an image data is disclosed. The image data can include image data of an anatomy, such as a brain of a patient. The identified portion can be used for planning a procedure. The identified portions can include anatomical landmarks that can be used to determine anatomical targets of the patient. The plan can include a path or trajectory to reach the anatomical target.

Abstract: A processing device (2) includes an analog circuit block (6), a digital circuit block (7), a casing (12) which houses elements including (6) and (7) and serves as a conductive shield member, and a connecting connector (13) which has functions, for example, of electrically connecting the casing (12) and a first ground terminal (6a) provided in the analog circuit block (6). Level of noise signals generated from the analog circuit block (6) is lower than the level of noise signals generated from the digital circuit block (7). Therefore, when the casing (12) is electrically connected to the first ground terminal (6a) provided in the analog circuit block (6), the casing (12) can maintain a stable potential thereby more effectively working as the conductive shield member. Thus, leakage of the noise signals generated at driving of internal electronic circuitry is effectively suppressed in an electronic apparatus such as a receiving apparatus.

Abstract: Robotic, telerobotic, and/or telesurgical devices, systems, and methods take advantage of robotic structures and data to calculate changes in the focus of an image capture device in response to movement of the image capture device, a robotic end effector, or the like. As the size of an image of an object shown in the display device varies with changes in a separation distance between that object and the image capture device used to capture the image, a scale factor between a movement command input may be changed in response to moving an input device or a corresponding master/slave robotic movement command of the system. This may enhance the perceived correlation between the input commands and the robotic movements as they appear in the image presented to the system operator.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a medical device. The medical device may include an elongate member, having a proximal end and a distal end and at least two lumens extending therebetween. At least one of the lumens may be an imaging lumen configured to hold an imaging device, and an imaging device may be disposed inside the imaging lumen. A signal transmitting device may extend longitudinally through the imaging lumen. A distal end of the signal transmitting device may be operably coupled to the imaging device and a proximal end may be operably coupled to a processor. The processor may be located outside of the imaging lumen. The signal transmitting device may transmit signals between the imaging device and the processor. A grounded, braided catheter may be disposed within and extend the length of the elongate member, surrounding the imaging lumen.

Abstract: A capsule medical apparatus includes a capsule housing 3 having a protruded portion on a long axis at one end. The protruded portion is on a straight line lvm connecting a center of buoyancy Pv and a center of gravity Pm when the capsule housing is in liquid 7 in a body cavity, and the protruded portion is formed so that at least one straight line is present which passes a point Pf at which buoyant moment produced by buoyancy acting on the center of buoyancy Pv and gravitational moment produced by gravity acting on the center of gravity Pm are balanced and which intersects perpendicularly with an outer surface of the protruded portion. The inclined posture allows the capsule housing to receive a large fluid resistance against the liquid 7. Moreover, the capsule endoscope 1 can easily move along the flow of the liquid 7 because the capsule endoscope 1 is in the point contact state with the inner wall surface 2a.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a maneuverable capsule endoscope. A capsule body is input into an internal organ to take images of the inside of the internal organ. A fan unit is mounted on the body. A fan position-changing device changes a direction in which the fan unit discharges fluid. The fan unit is mounted inside a duct without damaging the inner wall of the internal organ. When input into the internal organ, the capsule endoscope can concentrically take images of a specific portion inside the internal organ, and can freely take images of a portion that is intended to be photographed.

Abstract: A surgical instrument navigation system is provided that visually simulates a virtual volumetric scene of a body cavity of a patient from a point of view of a surgical instrument residing in the cavity of the patient. The surgical instrument navigation system includes: a surgical instrument; an imaging device which is operable to capture scan data representative of an internal region of interest within a given patient; a tracking subsystem that employs electro-magnetic sensing to capture in real-time position data indicative of the position of the surgical instrument; a data processor which is operable to render a volumetric, perspective image of the internal region of interest from a point of view of the surgical instrument; and a display which is operable to display the volumetric perspective image of the patient.

Abstract: A probe is a probe insertable through a channel provided in an endoscope insertion portion. The probe is provided with a plurality of accommodation portions for accommodating a plurality of coil units having a predetermined length and a predetermined height, and a plurality of axial portions. Each accommodation portion includes a base portion having a length substantially equal to the predetermined length in a longitudinal direction of the probe, and two wall portions provided to stand upright at both ends of the base portion in the longitudinal direction at a height substantially equal to the predetermined height from the base portion, and the base portion and the wall portions are integrally formed. The plurality of axial portions extend from the wall portions in the longitudinal direction and connect between the plurality of accommodation portions.

Abstract: A system for graphically visualizing an orientation of a steerable distal portion of an elongate instrument is disclosed. The system includes an instrument having an elongate body. The elongate body includes a proximal portion and a steerable distal portion. The system also includes at least one tensioning member attached to said steerable distal portion, wherein the actuation of said at least one tensioning member results in an approximate y-bend and an approximate x-bend of said steerable distal portion, and wherein said approximate y-bend and approximate x-bend define an approximate overall bend of said steerable distal portion. The system further includes a graphical user interface and an icon representing said approximate overall bend on said graphical user interface.

Abstract: An insertion opening attachment is used in combination with an endoscope apparatus configured to observe the inside of a subject. The attachment is attached to an insertion opening opened in the subject into which an insertion unit of the endoscope apparatus is inserted, wherein the insertion opening attachment comprises an attachment main body having a flanged cylindrical shape which is fixed to a peripheral edge region of the insertion opening in a state the insertion opening attachment is inserted in the insertion opening. The attachment main body comprises is attachment state detection unit which detects whether the attachment main body is attached to the insertion opening and an insertion state detection unit which detects whether the insertion unit is inserted in the insertion opening.

Abstract: Unintended motion of a displayed object is prevented by rapidly detecting a state in which an operator becomes unable to operate an operating unit. Provided is an operation input unit including a display; a head-mounted unit; an operating unit to which an operating signal for a displayed object displayed on the display is input; a relative-position detecting section that detects the relative position between the head-mounted unit and the operating unit; and a control unit that controls the displayed object by switching between a first control mode in which the motion of the displayed object is controlled in accordance with an operating signal input to the operating unit and a second control mode in which the motion of the displayed object is controlled by limiting an operating signal input to the operating unit on the basis of the relative position detected by the relative-position detecting section.

Abstract: A medical image displaying apparatus is provided that improves the workability of making a definitive diagnosis in capsule endoscopy. A medical image displaying apparatus of an embodiment is capable of displaying a virtual endoscopic image in a tube based on a viewpoint set inside the tube of the tubular body by using a three-dimensional image of the tubular body, and comprises a capsule endoscopic image storage and a display controller, and the capsule endoscopic image storage stores capsule endoscopic images acquired by a capsule endoscope passing inside the tube. The display controller displays the capsule endoscopic images based on the location of the viewpoint.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to various systems, tools and methods for acquiring diagnostic information, including medical information, for a user, transmitting the information to a remote location, assessing the information, and transmitting resulting diagnosis and treatment information to the user and/or a third party for subsequent action. The present invention provides consumer and user-friendly telemedicine systems and procedures which enable health services and/or diagnosis to be provided at a distance remotely.

Abstract: A video endoscope system includes a reusable control cabinet and an endoscope that is connectable thereto. The endoscope may be used with a single patient and then disposed. The endoscope includes an illumination mechanism, an image sensor, and an elongate shaft having one or more lumens located therein. An articulation joint at the distal end of the endoscope allows the distal end to be oriented by the actuators in the control cabinet or actuators in a control handle of the endoscope. Fluidics, electrical, navigation, image, display and data entry controls are integrated into the system along with other accessories.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to minimally invasive surgical instruments and procedures using those instruments wherein the instruments include optical elements (e.g. a percutaneous optical channel (POC), a retaining plug and a stereoscopic imaging device (e.g. a stereoscopic camera) and a stereoscopic display device. The instruments be part of a system used to provide a surgeon with an indirect stereoscopic view of a surgical area undergoing a minimally invasive surgical procedure in a way that is perceived by the surgeon as being similar to that of an open surgery and providing a natural and intuitive environment to perform the surgery with a high degree of control.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an endoscope includes an elongate member having a proximal end portion and a distal end portion. The distal end portion is configured to be inserted into a body lumen. An electrical component is disposed within the distal end portion of the elongate member and configured to produce a signal. An elongate conductive mechanical component has a proximal end portion and a distal and portion. The distal end portion of the elongate conductive mechanical component is electrically coupled to the electrical component and configured to conduct the signal or electrical power from/to the electrical component to/from the proximal end portion of the elongate conductive mechanical component.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to minimally invasive surgical instruments and procedures using those instruments wherein the instruments include optical elements (e.g. a percutaneous optical channel (POC), a retaining plug and a stereoscopic imaging device (e.g. a stereoscopic camera) and a stereoscopic display device. The instruments be part of a system used to provide a surgeon with an indirect stereoscopic view of a surgical area undergoing a minimally invasive surgical procedure in a way that is perceived by the surgeon as being similar to that of an open surgery and providing a natural and intuitive environment to perform the surgery with a high degree of control.

Abstract: A device, system and method for capturing in-vivo images allows for size or distance estimations for objects within the images. According to one embodiment of the present invention there may be provided, in an in-vivo device at least an imager, an illumination source to provide illumination for the imager, an energy source to emit for example a light beam or a laser beam in a body lumen and a processor to, based on the light beam or laser beam image, estimate, for example the size of objects in a body lumen.

Abstract: An in-vivo observation system provided with a capsule endoscope including an in-vivo observation section, a battery, a magnetic field detection section, a power supply switch that controls a power supply and a power supply control section that causes the power supply switch to operate according to an internal signal from the magnetic field detection section, and a magnetic field generating apparatus including a magnetic field generating section, an operation section that outputs an operation signal according to an operation by a user and a masking section that masks an operation signal inputted to the magnetic field generating section for a predetermined period.

Abstract: An in-vivo imaging device, typically an autonomous capsule, having a housing, the housing comprising a window; an illumination source located within the housing to illuminate a body lumen through the window; an imager to receive light reflected from the body lumen through the window; and a transmitter to transmit image data to a receiving system. The window is coated with liposomes containing a marker such that the imager may acquire images which include the marking.

Abstract: A sealing structure has: a plate portion that is formed with a harder material than a bendable substrate and interposes an electronic device via the substrate from a top surface and a back surface of the substrate on which the electronic device is mounted; and an elastic body that is provided on an outer periphery of the plate portion to cover a part of the plate portion and integrally molded so as to press the plate portion against the substrate.

Abstract: Systems and methods for performing robotically-assisted surgical procedures on a patient enable an image display device to provide an operator with auxiliary information related to the surgical procedure, in addition to providing an image of the surgical site itself. The systems and methods allow an operator to selectively access and reference auxiliary information on the image display device during the performance of a surgical procedure.

Abstract: A method for performing a surgical procedure includes adjusting an encoding configuration of a video encoder in response to receiving an input associated with a change of state of a surgical system performing the surgical procedure, and encoding image data of the surgical procedure captured after the change of state based on the adjusted encoding configuration.

Abstract: A personal electronic device (PED)-endoscope image and diagnosis capture system is provided. The system includes a PED adapter having a magnification lens connection side and a PED connection side. A magnification lens is connectable with the lens connection side of the PED adapter. An eyepiece lens coupler is also provided and connects the magnification lens to the endoscope eyepiece. A PED is connected to the PED adapter and includes a processor, a memory and an image capture system with a PED lens. The PED adapter aligns the magnification lens with the PED lens. The processor is configured to activate the image capture system using a remote or voice-activated trigger signal and store captured images in the PED memory. Patient data and examination data can be associated with the images, and the images and data can be transferred from the PED to an electronic medical records system.

Abstract: An inspection tube for use in the medical practice, in which sensors, such as a miniature electronic camera, are incorporated in the distal face of the tube. The sensors receive energy supplied via conduits running along the length of the tube, preferably embedded within the wall. Signals of the sensors are transmitted to the rear of the tube where they are fed into receivers. Sensor cleaning can be affected in some embodiments by conducting cleaning agents through a channel in the wall of the tube. An alarm procedure can be affected by comparing sensed pattern with a reference base pattern and defining a critical deviation from the reference base.

Abstract: A system and method for detection of calorimetric abnormalities within a body lumen includes an image receiver for receiving images from within the body lumen. Also included are a transmitter for transmitting the images to a receiver, and a processor for generating a probability indication of presence of colorimetric abnormalities on comparison of color content of the images and at least one reference value.

Abstract: A medical system includes: an endoscope including an insertion portion that can be inserted into a body cavity of a subject, and an image pickup section provided at a distal end portion of the insertion portion; an exclusion section capable of, when the insertion portion is inserted into the body cavity of the subject, excluding a tissue existing around the distal end portion; a computing section that obtains luminance information relating to a luminance of an image picked up by the image pickup section, and determines whether or not the obtained luminance information meets a predetermined condition; a drive section that if a determination result that the luminance information does not meet the predetermined condition is provided, continues an operation to drive the exclusion section, and if a determination result that the luminance information meets the predetermined condition is provided, stops the operation to drive the exclusion section.

Abstract: The present invention provides devices and methods for safe, easy and cost effective means of placing and verifying proper placement of nasogastric and nasoenteric feeding tubes. Specifically, an integrated feeding device including a tube operable to deliver a nutritional and/or medicinal substance to the gastrointestinal tract, an optical system including a light source, flexible optical fibers or a camera, and a lens, and a steering system is disclosed. The components of the system, namely the optical system and the steering system, may be integrated into the tube.

Abstract: The invention is related to a medical device for conducting a medical examination and/or intervention within a human or animal body the medical device (1) comprising an elongate body (2) which is designed for introduction into an orifice (15) of the human or animal body the elongate body (2) comprising a distal end (3), which is on the front side of the elongate body during introduction into the orifice (15), of the human or animal body and a proximal end (4) on the opposite side, wherein the elongate body is a hollow body comprising a reception chamber (8) in its interior, which reception chamber (8) is arranged for reception of a human finger (9), characterised in that one or more guiding elements (5, 21) for guiding a medical examination and/or intervention component (6) are located on or in the elongate body and at least one image gathering device (7), which is arranged for gathering of images in front of the distal end (3) of the elongate body (2), is arranged on or in the elongate body (2).

Abstract: A cutting apparatus for treating carpal tunnel syndrome is provided with a hollow handle including a forward bent portion, a switch mounted on an outer surface, and a video screen pivotably secured to the outer surface; a transparent blade mount mounted with the bent portion and including an upper guide and a lower guide; a metal blade between the upper and lower guides; and an image capture assembly including a light source in the handle proximate the bent portion, a digital camera proximate the blade, and a microprocessor in the handle. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the video screen, the light source, and the digital camera respectively. The digital camera takes video of a target and records same as images. The microprocessor processes the images sent from the digital camera into image signals. The video screen receives the image signals and displays same as images.