Abstract: A wearable external defibrillator with a plurality of ECG sensing electrodes and a first defibrillator pad electrode and a second defibrillator pad electrode. The ECG sensing electrodes and the defibrillator pad electrodes are configured for long term wear.

Abstract: A communications module adapted for use with a defibrillator, comprising a power supply system configured to supply power to the communications module, a power connector adapted for connection to the defibrillator to provide power from the communications module to the defibrillator, a power switch connected between the power supply system and the power connector to transmit power from the power supply system to the power connector, a data connector adapted for connection to the defibrillator to transfer defibrillator data between the defibrillator and the communications module, and a processor configured to control the power switch to provide power from the communications module to the defibrillator to enable the transfer of the defibrillator data between the defibrillator and the communications module.

Abstract: A Wearable Cardioverter Defibrillator (WCD) system has a processor that performs two different analyses to an ECG of the patient. A first-level analysis can be computationally economical, while a fuller second-level analysis can give shock/no-shock advice with more certainty. In some of these embodiments the second-level analysis of the ECG is performed only if the first-level analysis of the ECG detects a possible shockable condition. As such, the first-level analysis may operate as a gatekeeping function, often preventing the more computationally intensive second-level analysis from being performed. An advantage can be that the WCD system needs to store less charge, for powering the processor. In turn, this permits portions of the WCD system to be less bulky and weigh less.

Abstract: An example of a system for post-case analysis of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performance trends includes a ventilation metrics device with sensors configured to generate signals indicative of ventilation treatment data during a medical treatment of a patient, and a patient monitor/defibrillator configured to receive the signals, calculate the ventilation treatment data based on the received signals, and transmit the ventilation treatment data, and a remote computing device configured to communicatively couple with the treatment monitoring system and with an output display device, the computing device including at least one memory and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory, the at least one processor configured to receive treatment data from the treatment monitoring system, the treatment data including the ventilation treatment data, and provide case review information at a case review dashboard at the output device, the case review information including time trend plots of the ve

Abstract: A system and method for managing defibrillators and for coordinating their use during the SCA event to increase the probability of survival for the person experiencing sudden cardiac arrest. Defibrillator monitoring units and direction prompters are installed at registered geographical locations. A defibrillator monitoring unit closest to a cardiac arrest event is identified and a subset of the one or more client devices proximate event are sent an assistance request. One of the devices sends an accept message indicating acceptance of the request an activation message is sent to the subject client device to initiate transmission of active beacon signals by the device to activating at least one of the direction prompters so as to provide geographical direction to the identified defibrillator monitoring unit or audio/visual indicators associated with the identified defibrillator monitoring unit.

Abstract: The device, such as an autonomous cardiac implant of the leadless capsule type, has a device body with a means for its anchoring to a patient's organ wall. The anchoring means includes a screw with a helix wire wound into a plurality of non-contiguous turns, the screw having a clamped end integral with the front face of the device body and a free end with a beveled end defined by at least one oblique surface. The normal to the oblique surface of the beveled end is directed away from the front face, in such a way that the oblique surface is directed towards the patient's organ wall. The normal to the oblique surface forms an angle between 30° and 60° with respect to the helix axis, and the screw is elastically deformable in axial compression, with a stiffness coefficient of at most 5 N/mm.

Abstract: A medical device for review of clinical data in a playback mode is described. The medical device includes at least one output device comprising at least one display screen, at least one memory, and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and the at least one output device, the at least one processor configured to receive signals indicative of patient data from one or more patient interface devices communicatively coupled to the medical device, control the at least one display screen to provide a first visual representation of the patient data as an operational interface, and selectively display a playback interface at the at least one display screen wherein the playback interface enables user interactive review of the patient data based on a second visual representation of the patient data.

Abstract: A neutral electrode (12) is formed on the patient (11) in that an electrically conductible mass that can solidify is applied on the skin of the patient (11). An electrically conductible inlay (17) can be arranged on or embedded in the forming electrode body (16) prior, during or after the application of the mass, the inlay (17) is or can be connected with the neutral electrode connection cable (13). The inlay (17) serves to electrically contact the electrode body (16) in a large area that in turn establishes a reliable electrical contact to the patient (11).

Abstract: A disaster preparation system may include a system controller, including a device processor, and a non-transitory computer readable medium including instructions executable by the device processor to perform the following steps: receiving location data from a personal electronic device of a user; receiving forecast data regarding a predicted disaster; making a determination of a preparatory action to be executed based on the location data and the forecast data; and executing the preparatory action at a predetermined time relative to the predicted time of the disaster. The computer readable medium may further include instructions for receiving vacancy data from a storage facility. In addition, the preparatory action may include coordinating an order of a moving service to move the user's belongings, and coordinating the order of the moving service may include determining a size of a moving vehicle based on the vacancy data received from the storage facility.

Abstract: Automated external defibrillator systems including an automated external defibrillator and a charging device. The automated external defibrillator includes a countercheck device and a single treatment battery. The countershock device is configured to deliver automated external defibrillation treatment to a person. The single treatment battery is electrically coupled to the countershock device and has a power storage capacity selected to store power sufficient for the countershock device to operate for a single treatment scenario. The charging device is configured to couple to the single treatment battery and to transfer power to the single treatment battery for the single treatment battery to store. In some examples, the automated external defibrillator system includes a housing.

Abstract: A leadless neurostimulation device including a header unit having at least one primary electrode having a contact surface that defines an external surface on a side of the device, an outer housing that forms a side of the header unit opposite of the contact surface of the primary electrode, and a dielectric mount that receives at least a portion of the primary electrode and at least partially surrounds the primary electrode, the dielectric mount being configured to electrically insulate the primary electrode from the outer housing, the dielectric mount being received and fixed within a recessed portion of the outer housing, and a housing having a secondary electrode positioned on the same side of the leadless neurostimulation device as the primary electrode, the primary electrode and the secondary electrode being configured to transmit an electrical stimulation signal therebetween to provide electrical stimulation therapy to a tibial nerve of a patient.

Abstract: An ambulatory medical device includes two or more response mechanisms; a memory storing an active operation mode parameter identifying an active operation mode from a plurality of operation modes; a controller connected with the two or more response mechanisms; and a therapy manager component executable by the controller and configured to identify the active operation mode, detect a physiological parameter indicative of a health disorder of the patient, request that the patient change the state of one of the two or more response mechanisms in response to detection of the physiological parameter, monitor the state of each of the two or more response mechanisms within a first predetermined period, and delay therapy to the patient in response to detection of a first change in the state of one of the two or more response mechanisms within the predetermined period and identification of a first mode as the active operation mode.

Abstract: Methods, user interfaces and systems are described that enable responder preferences to be considered during deployment of a public responder network. In various embodiments, a user is able to select or define an area for which incident notifications are desired or are to be restricted in some manner. The described approach is well suited for public responder networks that include medical devices such as defibrillators (e.g., AEDs) in the network.

Abstract: A cardiac defibrillation system that includes a pulse generator to generate therapeutic electrical pulses and at least one lead inserted through an intercostal space in the region of a cardiac notch of the left lung of a patient, the lead having a distal end configured to transmit the therapeutic electrical pulses generated by the pulse generator to defibrillate the heart of the patient.

Abstract: Systems and methods of use for guiding the flow of energy through a subject to stimulate tissue.

Abstract: Status messages are wirelessly broadcast from medical devices (e.g., defibrillators) as advertisements that don't require the establishment of a wireless connection with listeners. The listeners are configured to act on, or forward received status messages as appropriate. The listeners may optionally include supplemental information supplied by the listener device when forwarding a status message to a management server. The listener may optionally analyze received status messages to determine whether an action should be taken based at least in part on status information in the message. Actions performed by the listener may include initiating a connection with the transmitting device to facilitate uploading new information from the defibrillator, updating the defibrillator's firmware, etc. Optionally, some of the advertisements are configured as beacons. The advertisements/beacons may be transmitted using a Bluetooth Low Energy or other suitable protocols.

Abstract: A system for clinical decision support for a caregiver during a clinical encounter involving respiratory distress includes a defibrillator-patient monitor including sensors configured to gather patient physiological data, a user interface device, a memory, and a processor communicatively coupled to the defibrillator-patient monitor, the memory, and the user interface device and configured to control the user interface device to display diagnosis and treatment pathways (DTPs) including a respiratory distress DTP, receive a user selection of the respiratory distress DTP, control the user interface device to provide at least a portion of the physiological data in response to the user selection of the respiratory distress DTP, provide a suggested respiratory distress diagnosis at the user interface device based on the physiological data and the user selection of the respiratory distress DTP, and provide a respiratory distress treatment protocol at the user interface device based on the suggested respiratory distr

Abstract: This disclosure describes an implantable medical electrical lead and an ICD system utilizing the lead. The lead includes a lead body defining a proximal end and a distal portion, wherein at least a part of the distal portion of the lead body defines an undulating configuration. The lead includes a defibrillation electrode that includes a plurality of defibrillation electrode segments disposed along the undulating configuration spaced apart from one another by a distance. The lead also includes at least one electrode disposed between adjacent sections of the plurality of defibrillation sections. The at least one electrode is configured to deliver a pacing pulse to the heart and/or sense cardiac electrical activity of the heart.

Abstract: A circuit with low voltage energy storage for use in generating a defibrillation waveform is described. A charging circuit includes a pulse capacitor that stores defibrillation energy, a high voltage generator circuit that includes a transformer and a rectification circuit through which the pulse capacitor is charged with the defibrillation energy, and a discharge and polarity control circuit electrically connected to the pulse capacitor and switchable to receive the defibrillation energy, which is output as a defibrillation waveform. A low voltage energy supplementing circuit is electrically connected to the pulse capacitor in line with the high voltage generator circuit and stores supplemental defibrillation energy. A microcontroller is adapted to enable the low voltage energy supplementing circuit to modulate the delivery of the stored supplemental energy to the pulse capacitor to augment the defibrillation energy derived from\the initial defibrillation waveform.

Abstract: In embodiments, an external defibrillator has an electrical circuit with a special output stage for the high-voltage defibrillation pulse. The output stage includes switches that can turn on for delivering the pulse, and off during all other times. The output stage also includes a diverting resistance to divert electrical current that could leak into the patient while a capacitor is being charged. An optional detector may notify if a component is malfunctioning. An advantage can be that an external defibrillator may be created according to embodiments that uses, in its output stage, semiconductor switches instead of relays. As semiconductor switches weigh less and occupy less volume than relays, an external defibrillator according to embodiments may have less weight and volume. Especially in wearable defibrillator applications, less weight means less effort to carry and less volume means easier concealment under clothing.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a convenient means for accessing a car or other automobile, and operation of the engine and other controlled functions, while making it more difficult for criminals to gain access to the car. A car security system comprises a key fob, a car transceiver system, and a security card RFID. The key fob comprises a fob PCB having a fob antenna, and a converter tab which has tab circuitry and an antenna.

Abstract: A wearable cardiac defibrillator (“WCD”) system may include a support structure that a patient can wear, an energy storage module that can store an electrical charge, and a discharge circuit that can discharge the electrical charge through the patient so as to shock him or her, while the patient is wearing the support structure. Embodiments may actively take into account bystanders, both to protect them from an inadvertent shock, and also to enlist their help. In some embodiments the WCD system includes a speaker system that transmits a sound designed to assist a bystander to perform CPR. Optionally CPR chest compressions received by the patient can be further detected, and feedback can be given. In embodiments, a WCD system may include a user interface that can be controlled to output CPR prompts tailored to a skill level of the bystander.

Abstract: The patent application relates to an improved defibrillator device. The present invention compares the heart rate to a predetermined heart, rate from a medical professional so that it can warn the patient upon detecting early signs of heart failure, upon detecting significant signs of heart failure, and prior to shock administration. Such warnings would prevent unnecessary shocks, and would allow patients to live their lives normally with a defibrillator, confident that they would be warned before receiving a shock.

Abstract: In embodiments, a wearable cardiac defibrillation (WCD) system includes one or more flexible ECG electrodes. The WCD system may have a support structure that is dimensioned to be worn so as to press the electrodes towards the body of the patient. The electrodes may be made from appropriate material so as to flex in order to match a contour of the body of the patient. An advantage over the prior art is that the flexible electrode may make better electrical contact with the patient's skin, and therefore provide a better ECG signal for the WCD system to perform its diagnosis.

Abstract: Computer implemented methods, systems and devices are provided to monitor for potential heart failure (HF). Cardiac activity (CA) data is obtained and filtered to obtain respiration data indicative of a respiration pattern. The respiration data is analyzed to determine one or more respiration characteristics of interest (COI) that are recorded along with collection time information to form an HF monitoring log. Additionally or alternatively, the CA data is analyzed to detect an event of interest. The cardiac activity data is filtered to obtain respiration data indicative of a respiration pattern, and the respiration data is analyzed for respiration induced under detection of the event of interest from the CA data.

Abstract: Wireless treatment of arrhythmias. At least some of the example embodiments are methods including: charging a capacitor of a first microchip device abutting heart tissue, the charging by harvesting ambient energy; charging a capacitor of a second microchip device abutting the heart tissue, the charging of the capacitor of the second microchip device by harvesting ambient energy; sending a command wirelessly from a communication device outside the rib cage to the microchip devices; applying electrical energy to the heart tissue by the first microchip device responsive to the command, the electrical energy applied from the capacitor of the first microchip device; and applying electrical energy to the heart tissue by the second microchip device responsive to the command to the second microchip device, the electrical energy applied from the capacitor of the second microchip device.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method to alert a user of a wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) is described. The method includes detecting a condition requiring attention of the patient and issuing an alert to notify the patient of the condition. The method also includes receiving a first input from the patient to replay the audible portion of the alert and replaying the audible portion of the alert when the first input is received.

Abstract: The disclosed subject matter is directed to a surgical implant and a device for its activation. The surgical implant comprises a substantially planar central body portion having a top side and a bottom side and at least two adjustable wing portions. In addition, the implant comprises at least two connecting members, each one of the at least two connecting members extending from opposite sides of the central body portion, the each one of the at least two connecting members being configured for flexibly connecting each one of the at least two wing portions at opposite sides to said central body portion.

Abstract: An implantable system for the diagnostic and/or therapeutic treatment of a human or animal patient contains a processor, a memory, a treatment unit and a remote data transmission unit. The system is characterized in that the memory includes a computer-readable program which prompts the processor to carry out the following steps when the program is being executed on the processor: a) ascertaining whether a treatment functionality of the treatment unit could jeopardize a patient in whom the system was implanted if a diagnostic and/or therapeutic treatment of the patient corresponding to the treatment functionality were to be carried out; b) deactivating the treatment functionality when a potential risk for the patient was ascertained; c) receiving reactivation data by way of the remote data transmission unit; and d) reactivating the deactivated treatment functionality based on the received reactivation data.

Abstract: A device (200) which includes a monitoring unit (210), a therapy unit (220), and a display (100) that includes a touch screen (110). The monitoring unit (210) can be configured to monitor a person's vital signs, such as a person's electrocardiogram (ECG). The therapy unit (220) can be configured to administer an electric shock. The display (100) can be configured to display the ECG and enable a user to scroll the displayed ECG back and forth and/or to zoom in and zoom out the displayed ECG by touching the touch screen (110). The display (100) can also be configured to enable the user to select two or more separate segments of the ECG to view together at the same time on the display (100), which segments can be separated by intervening segments of the ECG that can be hidden from being viewed on the display (100). The display (100) can have multiple user-interface windows (120, 130).

Abstract: A compact automated external defibrillator (AED) is a device configured to receive electrocardiogram signals while the AED's electrode pads are in airtight storage. A surface of the device has a first electrical connection and a second electrical connection to a circuit board, each at a separate defined location on the surface. The circuit board receives ECG signals from a patient when the first defined location and the second defined location on the surface of the device body are put in contact with the patient. The circuit board may be configured to sense ECG signals from the patient through a plurality of additional defined locations on the surface of the device.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for explaining and visualizing an output of a machine learning system that detects cardiac arrhythmia in a patient. In one example, a computing device receives cardiac electrogram data sensed by a medical device. The computing device applies a machine learning model, trained using cardiac electrogram data for a plurality of patients, to the received cardiac electrogram data to determine, based on the machine learning model, that an episode of arrhythmia has occurred in the patient and a level of confidence in the determination that the episode of arrhythmia has occurred in the patient. In response to determining that the level of confidence is greater than a predetermined threshold, the computing device displays, to a user, a portion of the cardiac electrogram data, an indication that the episode of arrhythmia has occurred, and an indication of the level of confidence that the episode of arrhythmia has occurred.

Abstract: A method of detecting a leakage path in an electronic device includes iteratively performing operations until an iteration condition is satisfied. The operations include causing a capacitor to be set to a known state, measuring a voltage level of the capacitor, and storing data indicating the measured voltage level. The operations also include causing the capacitor to be connected to a potential leakage path, remeasuring the voltage level of the capacitor, and storing data indicating the remeasured voltage level. The operations further include comparing the measured voltage level and the remeasured voltage level to detect leakage in the potential leakage path. The iteration condition is satisfied when a difference between the measured voltage level and the remeasured voltage level satisfies a voltage threshold or when a count of iterations performed satisfies an iteration threshold.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for treating cardiac arrhythmia are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, devices, systems, and methods disclosed herein deliver interrogating energy to tissue at a position on a wall of an anatomical structure of a patient. If the devices, systems, and methods disclosed herein detect a change in electrical activity of the anatomical structure in response to the interrogating energy, the devices, systems, and methods disclosed herein can apply irreversible therapy to the tissue. In some embodiments, the change in electrical activity corresponds to slowing or termination of a detected arrhythmia.

Abstract: A re-usable, compact automated external defibrillator (AED) having a proximate electrode and a distal electrode for use in delivering an electrical charge to a person in cardiac distress. The components of the AED are packed together in a low-profile device body. The distal electrode may be easily unpacked from the device body and deployed. A circuit board within the device body controls the AED. The proximate electrode is part of the device body such that the device body is attached to the skin of the person when in use. The distal electrode is wired to the device body and also attached to the skin of the person when in use. The circuit board may be used to deliver a biphasic electrical charge to the person. The adhesive pads on the electrodes may be peeled off and replaced for reuse. Also, the electrodes may be replaced, if needed.

Abstract: This document discusses, among other things, systems and methods to receive cardiac electrical information and premature ventricular contraction (PVC) information of a subject, detect atrial fibrillation (AF) of the subject using the received cardiac electrical information, and adjust AF detection using the received PVC information.

Abstract: A method for operating a medical device includes activating a processor in the medical device in a low-power operating mode, measuring a first voltage level of the battery, applying at least one discharge pulse to the battery in response to the first voltage level of the battery being greater than a predetermined passivation minimum voltage threshold and less than a predetermined passivation maximum voltage threshold, measuring a second voltage level of the battery after the at least one discharge pulse, and operating the processor in the medical device in an increased-power operating mode to continue operation of the medical device only in response to the second voltage level being greater than or equal to a predetermined operating voltage threshold, the predetermined operating voltage threshold being greater than the predetermined passivation minimum voltage threshold and less than or equal to the predetermined passivation maximum voltage threshold.

Abstract: An extra-cardiovascular implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) having a high voltage therapy module is configured to control a high voltage charging circuit to charge a capacitor to a pacing voltage amplitude to deliver charge balanced pacing pulses. The capacitor is chargeable to a shock voltage amplitude that is greater than the pacing voltage amplitude. The ICD is configured to enable switching circuitry of the high voltage therapy module to discharge the capacitor to deliver a first pulse having a first polarity and a leading voltage amplitude corresponding to the pacing voltage amplitude for pacing the patient's heart via a pacing electrode vector selected from extra-cardiovascular electrodes. The high voltage therapy module delivers a second pulse after the first pulse. The second pulse has a second polarity opposite the first polarity and balances the electrical charge delivered during the first pulse.

Abstract: A cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)/automatic external defibrillator (AED) training system, wherein the CPR/AED training system includes a cabinet having an upper cabinet and a lower cabinet, an audio/visual monitor located in the upper cabinet, a photo camera located in the upper cabinet and located adjacent to the audio/visual monitor, a computer located in the upper cabinet and operatively connected to the audio/visual monitor and the photo camera, and a first and second mannequin station operatively connected to the lower cabinet, wherein the first and second mannequin stations can be used in conjunction with each other for CPR/AED training.

Abstract: A stimulation protocol determination system includes an input module and a selector module. The input module is provided to receive an indication of an upper airway flow limitation via sensed respiratory effort information. The selection module is provided to automatically select, based on the indicated upper airway flow limitation, a stimulation protocol.

Abstract: A chest tube device with neurostimulation is provided, along with a method of electrically stimulating at least one of (i) one or more peripheral nerves and (ii) one or more nerve fibers of a thoracic region of a patient, to mitigate pain in patients undergoing chest tube implantation. The chest tube device includes a tubular member and an electro-analgesic region to provide neurostimulation to one or more peripheral nerves and/or nerve fibers of the thoracic region of the patient. The method includes electrically stimulating one or more peripheral nerves and/or nerve fibers of the thoracic region of the patient, and hyperpolarizing the one or more peripheral nerves and/or nerve fibers of the thoracic region to (i) reduce an amount of pain signals from being transmitted to the brain of the patient and/or (ii) prevent pain signals from being transmitted to the brain of the patient.

Abstract: An electrocardiogram waveform measurement system is configured to be suitable for measuring an electrocardiogram waveform with high precision using multiple electrodes provided to an article of clothing. A measurement unit performs measurement in a state in which multiple fabric electrodes are grouped into multiple channels. A signal measured by the electrodes for each channel is evaluated in a two-dimensional manner based on the number of times an R wave is detected by an R wave processing unit in a predetermined period of time and a degree of data concentration in a dynamic range acquired by a degree-of-concentration calculation unit. A channel selection unit selects the optimum channel.

Abstract: A method includes charging a capacitor of a power inverter to a direct current (DC) input voltage provided at an input terminal of the power inverter. The capacitor has a first terminal and a second terminal. The method also includes providing a first voltage at an output terminal of the power inverter at a first time by controlling one of either a set of input switches configured to selectively couple the first and second terminals to either the input terminal or to a ground terminal, or an output switch configured to selectively couple the output terminal to either the first terminal or the second terminal. The method further includes providing a second voltage at the output terminal at a second time by controlling the other of the set of input switches and the output switch.

Abstract: A smart safety kit includes one or more medical products, a container configured to receive the medical products therein, an interface coupled to the container, a processor, and a memory. The container and the medicals product are separate and distinct. The memory is coupled to the container and includes instructions stored thereon that, when executed by the processor, cause the interface to communicate step-by-step medical instructions for administering treatment to a patient with the medical products.

Abstract: According to one aspect, a method for predicting the likelihood of survival of a particular individual with favorable neurological function during a cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedure includes obtaining an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal of the particular individual during the CPR procedure. The method also includes obtaining a non-invasive measure of circulation of the particular individual during the CPR procedure and generating a prediction for the likelihood of survival of the particular individual with favorable neurological function based on the EEG signal and the non-invasive measure of circulation.

Abstract: Methods for implanting a pulse generator (PG) within a pectoral region of a chest of a patient and devices having the PG. The PG has a housing that includes a PG electrode. Methods also include implanting at least one lead having first and second electrode segments with the first electrode segment positioned along an anterior of the chest of the patient and the second electrode segment positioned along at least one of a posterior of the patient or a side of the patient. The first and second electrode segments are positioned subcutaneously at or below an apex of a heart of the patient, wherein the PG electrode and the first and second electrode segments are configured to provide electrical shocks for antiarrhythmic therapy.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method to differentiate between causes of noise in an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. The method connecting to at least one sensing electrode and obtaining the ECG signal from the at least one sensing electrode. The method also includes detecting noise on the ECG signal and detecting ancillary conditions. The method also includes associating the noise on the ECG signal with at least one of the ancillary conditions and providing an actionable indication to a patient associated with the noise on the ECG signal.

Abstract: Concepts and technologies disclosed herein are directed to a smart automated external defibrillator (“AED”). According to one aspect of the concepts and technologies disclosed herein, the AED can present a menu that includes a plurality of modes. The plurality of modes can include a first responder mode, an Internet of Things (“IoT”) mode, and a general use mode. The AED can receive, via an input component, a selection, from the menu, of a mode from the plurality of modes. In response to the selection, the AED can configure a network connectivity component in accordance with a setting specified in the mode.

Abstract: It is difficult to know the remaining amount and the degradation state of a power storage device, and it is also difficult to estimate how long the power storage device can be used. Data obtained through midway discharge and mid-to-full charge is used as the learning data to calculate the degradation state and the capacity. In other words, the learning data includes both a discharge curve of midway discharge and a charge curve of mid-to-full charge, and neural network processing is performed with the use of the learned data.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to a medical device, such as a defibrillator, for use with an accessory capable of collecting a parameter of a patient. The medical device is capable of at least performing a basic functionality, an advanced functionality, and of defibrillating the patient. The medical device includes an energy storage module within a housing for storing an electrical charge that is to be delivered to the patient for the defibrillating. The medical device includes a processor structured to determine whether a data set received from the accessory confirms or not a preset authentication criterion about the accessory. Although when the accessory is coupled to the housing the medical device is capable of the defibrillating and the basic functionality, the medical device is capable of the advanced functionality only when the accessory is coupled to the housing and it is determined that the preset authentication criterion is confirmed. Embodiments also include methods of operation and a programmed solution.