Abstract: A dehumidifying air-conditioning apparatus comprises a pressurizer (4) for raising a pressure of a refrigerant, a condenser (5) for condensing the refrigerant to heat a high-temperature heat source fluid, and an evaporator (1) for evaporating the refrigerant to cool process air to a temperature lower than its dew point. A first heat exchanging portion (21) is disposed in a refrigerant path between the condenser (5) and the evaporator (1) for evaporating the refrigerant under an intermediate pressure between the condensing pressure of the condenser (5) and the evaporating pressure of the evaporator (1) to cool the process air by evaporation of the refrigerant under the intermediate pressure.

Abstract: A system and method of supplying conditioned air to an aircraft environmental control system during ground support operations that uses at least one flow control door to control the flow of cooling air through a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger removes heat from a flow of compressed air supplied to the system. The temperature of the conditioned compressed air is controlled by selectively positioning the flow control door, which regulates cooling air flow through the heat exchanger.

Abstract: The following invention relates to an air conditioning system, in particular for aircraft, comprising at least one heat exchanger, arranged in a ram air duct, for cooling compressed air by means of a fluid, and comprising at least a first and a second air cycle machine which at the compressed-air end are connected to the heat exchanger. A particularly compact, reliable, redundant and economical arrangement is achieved in that the heat exchanger comprises at least one first heat exchanger unit and a second heat exchanger unit, of which one each is connected at the compressed-air end to one of the air cycle machines, and in that ram air outlet ducts which are fluidically separate from each other are provided, of which one is connected to the first heat exchanger unit and another is connected to the second heat exchanger unit.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for conditioning a supply of hot pressurised air for use in an environment the system including a primary heat exchanger in which heat in the hot pressurised air supply is exchanged with a cooling fluid, a compressor to compress the supply of pressurised air cooled in the primary heat exchanger, a secondary heat exchanger in which heat in the compressed air supply is exchanged with a cooling fluid, and an expansion device for expanding and cooling the compressed air supply cooled in the secondary heat exchanger, mixing apparatus for mixing the expanded and cold supply air with recirculating air from the environment, a by-pass flow path for compressed cooled supply air from the secondary heat exchanger to the environment, and a secondary supply flow path for the hot pressurised air to the secondary heat exchanger, a first valve in a primary supply flow path to the primary heat exchanger, a second valve in the secondary supply flow path to the secondary heat exchanger, a third valve i

Abstract: A refrigeration cycle apparatus using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant has a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expander, an indoor heat exchanger and an auxiliary compressor. The auxiliary compressor is driven by power recover by the expander. When refrigerant flows using the indoor heat exchanger as an evaporator, a discharge side of the auxiliary compressor becomes a suction side of the compressor, and when refrigerant flows using the indoor heat exchanger as a gas cooler, a discharge side of the compressor becomes a suction side of the auxiliary compressor.

Abstract: An air conditioning pack for an aircraft provides primary and secondary heat exchangers arranged in a ram air duct. A third heat exchanger is arranged in the ram air duct and is fluidily connected to the primary and secondary heat exchangers. The overall or combined size of the primary, secondary, and third heat exchangers is less than that of the typical primary and secondary heat exchangers of the prior art. A combination of heat exchangers is used to provide cooling during worst case scenarios enabling efficient use of the overall heat exchangers configuration to provide the desired cooling capacity.

Abstract: In a refrigerant cycle apparatus, an energy-saving operation is performed by using a refrigerant which is used in a supercritical state. A refrigeration cycle apparatus is constituted by a main compressor, an expander, a sub compressor independently placed in an upstream side of the main compressor, a use side heat exchanger, a heat source side heat exchanger and the like. A refrigerant such as a carbon dioxide or the like which is used in a supercritical state is employed as the refrigerant. The sub compressor is driven by utilizing a recovered energy by the expanding device. Further, a refrigerant tank is provided, and properly controls an amount of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant cycle.

Abstract: The expansion machine flowrate of a vapor compression system is regulated to directly control the supercritical pressure in the high pressure component of the transcritical system. The expansion machine is directly linked to a recompressor which recompresses the vapor phase of the expanded flow. By controlling the flowrate of the recompressor with a first valve, the flowrate of the expansion machine can be controlled to control the massflow rate through the expansion machine and therefore the high pressure of the system.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to reduce the constraint that the density ratio is constant as small as possible, and to obtain high power recovering effect in a wide operation range by using an expander which is operated in accordance with a flowing direction of refrigerant.

Abstract: A refrigeration cycle apparatus has a compressor, a radiator, an expansion device, an evaporator, and a variable-speed mechanism. When a rotary shaft of the compressor is rotated, the compressor increases the pressure of refrigerant. The radiator cools refrigerant the pressure of which has been increased by the compressor. The expansion device generates power using the decompression and expansion and transmits the power to the rotary shaft. The evaporator heats refrigerant that has been decompressed and expanded by the expansion device. The variable-speed mechanism is capable of changing the discharge rate of the expansion device per rotation of the rotary shaft. This permits the expansion device to increase the amount of recovered power.

Abstract: An air-cooling device comprises compressor (1). Double cavity heat exchanger (2), turbo expander (6) and the freezing chamber (3) containing fan (5) and air cooler (4). Fan (7) is mounted on the same shaft with the turbo expander (6). The first cavities of the heat exchangers (9 and 2), moist separator (8) and the second cavity of the heat exchanger (2) are connected with the compressor (1) input in sequence. In the other appearance the device comprises compressor (44) and turbo expander (49), double cavity heat exchanger (45), freezing chamber (46) containing fan (48) and air cooler (47), double cavity vaporization heat exchanger (51) and moist separator (50). The first cavities of the vaporization heat exchangers (51 and 45), moist separator (50, turbo expander (49), air cooler (47) and the second cavity of the heat exchanger (45) are in sequence connected with the compressor input (44).

Abstract: A ground-based system and method of supplying temperature-controlled air to an aircraft environmental control system during ground support operations that uses a throttle valve to control the flow of compressed air flowing through a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger, which may be mounted in a wheeled cart, removes heat from the compressed air supplied to the air conditioning unit and supplies cooled compressed air at a desired temperature. The temperature of the cooled compressed air is controlled by selectively positioning the throttle valve, which regulates compressed air flow from the compressed air source.

Abstract: A cabin air temperature control system includes cooling recirculated air. A first air circuit includes an intake that receives air from outside the cabin and then conditions the air to bring it closer to a desired cabin temperature before the air is introduced into the cabin. A second air circuit recirculates air from the cabin and then reintroduces it back into the cabin. The second circuit includes an air cooling assembly, comprising a heat exchanger, that is selectively used to cool the recirculated air before it is reintroduced into the cabin. A bypass flow arrangement is provided to selectively direct the recirculated air through the air cooling assembly or to simply recirculate it back into the cabin depending on the current temperature adjustment needs.

Abstract: The present invention involves an air cycle system having a preventative icing feature for climate control of a vehicle cabin. The air cycle system includes a compressor for compressing air, an intercooler for cooling compressed air, an expander for expanding air pressure, and a means for controlling conditions of air at atmospheric pressure. The compressor has a compressor inlet for ambient air and a compressor outlet for compressed air. The intercooler has an intercooler inlet for receiving compressed air from the compressor and an intercooler outlet for exiting intercooled air. The expander has an expander inlet for receiving air from the intercooler and has an expander outlet for exiting air at atmospheric pressure at an expanded condition. The expanded condition of the air at atmospheric pressure is above the icing temperature of water to prevent icing at the expander outlet.

Abstract: A personal dryer capable of expelling temperatured air uniformly throughout the dryer and/or different temperatured air at different regions of the dryer, so as to provide a user with the option of drying their entire body with a more desirable uniformly temperatured air and/or drying different bodily regions with different or varied, user-selectable temperatured air, and wherein such a personal dryer is capable of being pre-programmed to enable a user to dry his/her body in a user-specified regimen or manner.

Abstract: In an air conditioner, air extracted from engine is fed through a main air flow path into cabin after being cooled by a cooling device. This extracted air is fed into the cabin through an auxiliary air flow path. The air within the cabin flows out through an outflow air flow path. A plurality of adsorption sections are constituted by an adsorption agent that adsorbs molecules contained in the air and releases adsorbed molecules by being raised in temperature to more than the temperature thereof on adsorption. By control of an air flow changeover mechanism by a controller, each of the adsorption sections is changed over between a condition connected with the auxiliary air flow path and a condition connected with the outflow air flow path.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vapor compression cycle environmental control system for use on aircraft. The system includes an environmental control subsystem which supplies pressurized ram air at a desired temperature to the aircraft's flight deck and/or cabin. The environmental control subsystem uses a vapor compression cycle subsystem to provide the ram air at the desired temperature. The system further includes an air turbine driven by engine bleed air to provide power to an aircraft mounted accessory drive and to provide heated air to an anti-ice system. The aircraft mounted accessory drive provides power to an air compressor which forms part of the environmental control subsystem and to a working fluid compressor which forms part of the vapor compression cycle subsystem.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for conditioning a supply of bleed air from an aircraft engine to a system using such bleed air, including passing the bleed air to a turbine over which the air is expanded to produce a power output, and regulating the power output thereby to control the condition of the air downstream of the turbine.

Abstract: An air cycle cooling system for cooling a first heat load and a second heat load, the system including a compressor to pressurise air in the system, and an expansion apparatus for allowing the compressed air to expand and cool for use in cooling the first and second heat loads, and wherein at least a proportion of the air utilised for cooling the first heat load is recycled to the compressor and at least a proportion of the air utilised for cooling the second heat load is utilised as a coolant in a primary heat exchanger to cool the air from the first heat load prior to the air from the first heat load being expanded in the expansion apparatus.

Abstract: An electronic control for an air conditioning system is provided. The system includes first and second air conditioning packs located in the air craft remote from one another. Each pack includes a pack controller in the same location as the pack. The pack controllers produce operating instruction signals to the packs for instructing the packs to produce conditioned air in response to a reference signal. A supervisory controller is centrally located in aircraft, preferably in the electronics equipment bay, and is connected to each of the pack controllers. The supervisory controller produces the reference signal to the pack controllers. In addition to controlling the operation of the packs, the pack controllers preferably include prognostics for monitoring the packs and diagnosing problems. The distributed electronic controllers of the present invention utilized for the packs may similarly be applied to the zone trim system and the engine air bleed valves.

Abstract: The following invention relates to an air conditioning system, in particular for aircraft, comprising at least one heat exchanger, arranged in a ram air duct, for cooling compressed air by means of a fluid, and comprising at least a first and a second air cycle machine which at the compressed-air end are connected to the heat exchanger. A particularly compact, reliable, redundant and economical arrangement is achieved in that the heat exchanger comprises at least one first heat exchanger unit and a second heat exchanger unit, of which one each is connected at the compressed-air end to one of the air cycle machines, and in that ram air outlet ducts which are fluidically separate from each other are provided, of which one is connected to the first heat exchanger unit and another is connected to the second heat exchanger unit.

Abstract: An air cycle system for use in a vehicle having an internal combustion engine is provided. A compressor has an outflow to an intercooler with an outflow to a first bypass valve. The first bypass valve has an open and a closed orientation, directing air to the engine of the vehicle in the open orientation and directing air to an expander in the closed orientation. The expander has an outflow to a second bypass valve that is adjustable so it can direct a variable fraction of air to the engine and the remainder of the air to an air handling unit. The air handling unit has at least a fan, a scroll center, and first and second air flow paths. The first air flow path has an input at the scroll center from the second bypass valve and the second air flow path has an input at the fan from the interior of the vehicle. The air handling unit mixes air from the first and second flow paths and directs the mixed air to the interior of the vehicle.

Abstract: A refrigerating method and system using compressed, filtered, dehumidified, turbo expanded and re-circulated air for the enclosed refrigerated environment. Compressed air passes via a series of moisture-removal devices (12, 24, 32), dust filter (52), heat exchanger (60), turbine expander (65), impeller fan (92), vacuum refrigeration chamber (70) and muffler (98).

Abstract: A system and method of supplying temperature-controlled air to an aircraft environmental control system during ground support operations that uses an air amplifier to control the flow rate of cooling air through a heat exchanger. A heat exchanger removes heat from a flow of compressed air supplied to the air conditioning unit and supplies cooled compressed air at a predetermined temperature. The flow of the cooled compressed air is controlled by using the air amplifier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an air conditioning system for the air conditioning of a space, in particular for the air conditioning of an aeroplane cabin, comprising a heat exchanger for the cooling of a compressed air flow (tapped air flow) originating from an engine or an auxiliary unit and comprising at least one expansion device per air cycle machine (ACM) for the expansion and cooling of compressed air, wherein the expansion devices are disposed after the heat exchanger and are in connection on the outlet side with a mixing chamber or the space to be air conditioned.

Abstract: In a refrigerant cycle system, refrigerant compressed in a first compressor is cooled and condensed in a radiator, and refrigerant from the radiator branches into main-flow refrigerant and supplementary-flow refrigerant. The main-flow refrigerant is decompressed in an expansion unit while expansion energy of the main-flow refrigerant is converted to mechanical energy. Thus, the enthalpy of the main-flow refrigerant is reduced along an isentropic curve. Therefore, even when the pressure within the evaporator increases, refrigerating effect is prevented from being greatly reduced in the refrigerant cycle system. Further, refrigerant flowing into the radiator is compressed using the converted mechanical energy. Thus, coefficient of performance of the refrigerant cycle system is improved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for air conditioning for an aircraft cabin (30) comprising at least two distinct turbomachines (1, 2), at least one of which is motorised. When the pressure difference between the cabin and the atmosphere is greater than an upper pressure difference threshold, an economy mode is activated, in which the second turbine stage (23) is supplied exclusively by an air output obtained from the cabin (30). When the pressure difference is lower than a lower pressure difference threshold, a cold mode is activated, in which the compression stages (11, 21) of the turbomachines (1, 2) are connected in series. The drive speed of at least one motor (12, 22) is adjusted such as to adjust the refrigerating power supplied.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for conditioning a supply of bleed air from an aircraft engine to a system using such bleed air, including passing the bleed air to a turbine over which the air is expanded to produce a power output, and regulating the power output thereby to control the condition of the air downstream of the turbine.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for airplanes for conditioning moisture containing air, which is under excess pressure, for air conditioning an airplane cabin. The air conditioning system has at least one compressor, a first and a second air expansion turbine, and a water separator, which is disposed between the first and second air expansion turbine. To control the degree of moisture, the system adjusts selectively the degree of air expansion in the first air expansion turbine.

Abstract: An electronic control for an air conditioning system is provided. The system includes first and second air conditioning packs located in the air craft remote from one another. Each pack includes a pack controller in the same location as the pack. The pack controllers produce operating instruction signals to the packs for instructing the packs to produce conditioned air in response to a reference signal. A supervisory controller is centrally located in aircraft, preferably in the electronics equipment bay, and is connected to each of the pack controllers. The supervisory controller produces the reference signal to the pack controllers. In addition to controlling the operation of the packs, the pack controllers preferably include prognostics for monitoring the packs and diagnosing problems. The distributed electronic controllers of the present invention utilized for the packs may similarly be applied to the zone trim system and the engine air bleed valves.

Abstract: Air is extracted from a pressurized air source. An air-to-air heat exchanger (115) receives and cools the extracted pressurized air. Further, an expansion turbine (130) receives at least a portion of the cooled pressurized air from the air-to-air heat exchanger and expands the cooled pressurized air into chilled air while extracting work. An air-to-coolant heat exchanger (120) receives the chilled air from the expansion turbine which is used to chill refrigerant coolant. The air-to-air heat exchanger (115) also receives the chilled air reclaimed from the air-to-coolant heat exchanger (120), subsequent to chilling the refrigerant coolant, to cool the air extracted from the pressurized air source. In one embodiment, the extracted work is used to drive a generator (135) to supply electricity to a distribution system.

Abstract: In an air conditioning system for an aircraft, two pre-mixing units respectively mix cold air from two air conditioning units with recirculated fuselage interior air from two recirculation units, to prepare two pre-mixed air flows that are both directed into and mixed together in a common air distribution mixing chamber, from which mixed air distribution lines branch off to respectively associated separate air conditioning zones within the fuselage. Post-mixing units are respectively interposed in the mixed air distribution lines and respectively mix additional quantities of recirculated fuselage interior air into the mixed air distribution lines. Thereby, the admixture of recirculated air is divided into at least two stages, the system provides redundant failure tolerant operation, and the danger of ice formation in the air lines is reliably prevented even while the air conditioning units provide cold air at a temperature below the water freezing point.

Abstract: An air cycle automotive air conditioning system for providing conditioned air to an automotive passenger compartment (20) includes an air compressor (10) tandemed to an expander (12). The expander (12) is efficiently run so as to expand air to a very low temperature, sending recovered work back to the compressor (10). The very cold expander air is then mixed with warmer air from other sources, providing a proper volume flow and temperature of air to the passenger compartment (24).

Abstract: The invention relates to an air conditioning system for airplanes for conditioning the moisture containing air, which is under excess pressure, for air conditioning an airplane cabin. Said air conditioning system comprises at least one compressor; a first and a second air expansion turbine; and a water separator, which is disposed between said first and second air expansion turbine. To control the degree of moisture, the invention provides that the degree of air expansion can be adjusted selectively in the first air expansion turbine.

Abstract: A refrigeration system with a high percentage of fresh air. The system comprises a supply air duct; an indoor heat exchange coil operably positioned in the supply air duct; a reheat heat exchange coil operably positioned in the supply air duct; an outdoor heat exchange coil; at least one compressor; and an expansion device. The system also comprises refrigeration system tubing connected to and serially arranging the compressor, the outdoor heat exchange coil, the expansion device and the indoor coil into a refrigeration circuit; and reheat tubing connecting the reheat coil to the refrigeration tubing so as to arrange the reheat coil in a parallel circuited arrangement with the outdoor heat exchange coil and in a series circuited arrangement with the compressor, the expansion device and the indoor heat exchange coil.

Abstract: A refrigerating unit capable of optimum operation with respect to load by finely changing the operating capacity in response to changes in load, and offering energy saving effects. The refrigerating unit has a scroll type inverter-driven compressor and scroll type constant-speed compressors; a pressure sensor installed on the suction side; a circuit for starting the inverter-driven compressor first; and a circuit for deciding the driving frequency of the compressor and the number of constant-speed compressors to operate, based on a suction pressure value detected by the pressure sensor after the compressor was started.

Abstract: In a refrigerant cycle system, refrigerant compressed in a first compressor is cooled and condensed in a radiator, and refrigerant from the radiator branches into main-flow refrigerant and supplementary-flow refrigerant. The main-flow refrigerant is decompressed in an expansion unit while expansion energy of the main-flow refrigerant is converted to mechanical energy. Thus, the enthalpy of the main-flow refrigerant is reduced along an isentropic curve. Therefore, even when the pressure within the evaporator increases, refrigerating effect is prevented from being greatly reduced in the refrigerant cycle system. Further, refrigerant flowing into the radiator is compressed using the converted mechanical energy. Thus, coefficient of performance of the refrigerant cycle system is improved.

Abstract: An apparatus for cooling a target in a region having a first pressure. The apparatus includes a compressor for compressing a gas to a second pressure higher than the first pressure, means for cooling the compressed gas to a selected temperature downstream of the compressor, and means for discharging the compressed gas towards the target at a selected rate downstream of the cooling means. A pressure tank is provided downstream of the compressor for receiving compressed gas from the compressor and supplying the gas to the discharging means. The second pressure, selected temperature, and selected rate are chosen so as to cool the target upon expansion of the gas in the region. A method of cooling a target using the apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: In an air conditioning system for an aircraft, two pre-mixing units respectively mix cold air from two air conditioning units with recirculated fuselage interior air from two recirculation units, to prepare two pre-mixed air flows that are both directed into and mixed together in a common air distribution mixing chamber from which mixed air distribution lines branch off to respectively associated separate air conditioning zones within the fuselage. Post-mixing units are respectively interposed in the mixed air distribution lines and respectively mix additional quantities of recirculated fuselage interior air into the mixed air distribution lines. Thereby, the admixture of recirculated air is divided into at least two stages, the system provides redundant failure tolerant operation, and the danger of ice formation in the air lines is reliably prevented even while the air conditioning units provide cold air at a temperature below the water freezing point.

Abstract: A system for air-conditioning the cabin of a passenger aircraft using externally provided fresh air as well as bleed air tapped from the engine of the aircraft includes at least one heat exchanger (4, 5), a blower (7), a compressor (8), an expansion turbine (9), a condenser (11), a reheater (10), a first high pressure water separator (13), and a second low pressure water separator (12). The several components are connected to each other by air lines such as air ducts, with control valves interposed therein. Two separate air-flow paths representing two different sub-systems are formed. A first air-flow path uses the high pressure water separator while a second air-flow path uses the low pressure water separator. These two air-flow paths or sub-systems can be operated separately and independently of each other by appropriately switching respective shut-off valves.

Abstract: An environmental control unit to supply cool dry air to an aircraft cabin has a plurality of bleed air sources from an aircraft engine compressor supplying working fluid to an air cycle cooling circuit. An electronic control computer having a plurality of inputs and selects a bleed air source depending upon cabin cooling and pressurization requirements. A speed control valve responsive to an output from the control computer, modulates the flow of working fluid through a turbo-alternator, thereby synchronizing the frequency of electrical power produced by the turbo-alternator with that of an aircraft engine alternator. The turbo-alternator supplies additional electrical power to the aircraft, thereby minimizing the deleterious effect of warm air bled from the engine compressor on aircraft performance.

Abstract: An environmental control system includes a single heat exchanger, a single water separator and two air cycle machines on separate spools. Cooling turbines of the air cycle machines are cascaded. Air flows through both air cycle machines during normal operation of the environmental control system. If one of the air cycle machines fails, air can be bypassed around the failed air cycle machine. Cascading allows water separation to be performed by a mid-pressure water separator located between the air cycle machines.

Abstract: An environmental control system includes an air cycle machine, an electrical machine coupled to the air cycle machine, and a controller for the electrical machine. The controller can cause electrical energy to be extracted from the electrical machine whenever cooling capacity and/or airflow rate of the air cycle machine are greater than necessary. The electrical machine can also be operated as a motor to increase the airflow rate and cooling capacity of the air cycle machine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hot-air supply system for an aircraft equipped with at least one engine (2) with a fan (3) and compressors (4). According to the invention, the regulating devices (14, 15, 16) intended to regulate the flows of hot air and of cold air sent by the pipes (10 and 11) to the heat exchanger (12) are pneumatic, controlled electrically, and are controlled by a centralized management device (24).

Abstract: An electronic device cooler for cooling an exothermic member arranged in a case, including an air compressor configured to compress adiabatically air in the case to an elevated temperature. Also included is a heat pipe configured to discharge heat from the air adiabatically compressed to the elevated temperature to an outside of said case, and an expansion turbine configured to expand adiabatically the air having heat discharged by the heat pipe to a reduced temperature.

Abstract: The need for engine bleed air in a cabin pressurizing/ventilation ECS system for aircraft is avoided in a construction including a pressurizable aircraft cabin (10) having a cabin air inlet (20) and a cabin air outlet (22). The system includes a ram air inlet (34) and an aircraft exhaust air outlet (42) along with a motor operated vapor compression cabin air cooling system (24) having an inlet (28) and an outlet (26). A turbomachine (40) includes a compressor (32) connected between the ram air inlet (34) and the cooling system inlet (28) along with a combustion turbine (38) and a power recovery turbine (41), both mechanically coupled to the compressor and connected between the aircraft exhaust air outlet (42) and the cabin air outlet (22). A motor/generator (36) is coupled to the compressor (32) and the turbines (38, 41) and is operable to drive the compressor (32) when operating as a motor and to be driven by the combustion turbine (38) when operating as a generator.

Abstract: The climate in one or more aircraft cabin zones is controlled to achieve a minimal use of fresh air and an optimal use of recirculation air while satisfying official regulation requirements and avoiding freeze-ups in the air duct system of commercial aircraft. For this purpose temperature sensors ascertain a plurality of different actual temperature informations at different locations in the air supply system. Valve position sensors provide actual flow volume information from one or more valve locations. An r.p.m., volumetric flow or differential pressure sensor provides actual blower r.p.m., volumetric flow or differential pressure information. A CPU compares the actual information with rated information stored in a memory or entered through a keyboard to provide control signals, including closed loop control and/or open loop control signals, to a blower or blowers, a valve or valves, and to at least one air conditioner.

Abstract: A method for conditioning water vapor bearing compressed air for supply as conditioned air to an enclosure includes the steps of flowing the compressed air into a condenser-evaporator heat exchanger and then cooling the compressed air with a liquid evaporating refrigerant in the condenser-evaporator. Thus, the water vapor in the compressed air can become condensed liquid water available for subsequent separation to form a dehumidified air. The dehumidified air undergoes reheating with a vapor condensing refrigerant in a reheater-condenser such that the dehumidified air becomes a reheated air. The reheated air is then routed through a turbine to provide the supply to the enclosure. An apparatus is also provided for accomplishing the above steps and includes a condenser-evaporator heat exchanger capable of placing the compressed air in heat exchange relationship with a vapor cycle subsystem.

Abstract: An environmental control system includes an air cycle subsystem and a liquid cycle subsystem. The air cycle subsystem includes a liquid-to-air condenser, a liquid-to-air reheater downstream of the condenser, and a turbine downstream of the reheater. The liquid cycle subsystem is in heat exchange relationship with the air cycle subsystem, with the liquid cycle subsystem comprising the condenser, the reheater, a first liquid-to-air heat exchanger, and a second liquid-to-air heat exchanger. The heat exchange relationship occurs at the condenser and the reheater.

Abstract: A turborefrigerator in which a coolant discharged from a turbocompressor is condensed in a condenser by dissipating heat to a cooling medium and is then reduced by a throttling mechanism, and thereafter, the coolant evaporates by absorbing heat from a cooled medium in an evaporator and is circulated to the turbocompressor. The present invention simplifies the configuration of such a turborefrigerator, so that the size, weight and cost thereof are reduced. Moreover, the present invention enhances the coefficient of performance thereof and prevents lubricating oil and a cooling medium from blending with each other to cause inconveniences.