Abstract: The present invention provides means for selecting a direct drive type electrically driven expansion valve (Z). The present invention includes a compressor (121), an external heat exchanger (123), a direct drive type electrically driven expansion valve (Z), and an internal heat exchanger (131). The rating torque equivalent friction factor E of the direct drive type electrically driven expansion valve (Z) is set to 0.31 or more.

Abstract: Reference 100′ refers to a heat-sensing driven member constituting a thermal expansion valve formed by a stainless steel material and the like and having in the inside thereof an adsorbent 40, with a collar 100′a formed to the outside of the opening 100′b of the heat-sensing driven material 100′. A protrusion 100′c and a groove 100′d is formed to said collar 100′a in the downward direction of the drawing. Said protrusion 100′c and said groove 100′d are formed to the whole perimeter of said collar 100′a. Moreover, a diaphragm 82a formed for example of stainless steel material is inserted to said heat-sensing driven member 100′ through an opening 82b formed to the center area thereof until it contacts said protrusion 100′c, and said diaphragm 82a is fixed to said heat-sensing driven member 100′. As a result, the diaphragm 82a is welded by said protrusion 100′c between said collar 100′a and said support member 82′a.

Abstract: A heat transmission retardant member 140 is formed of a cup-like shaped resin material utilizing nylon or polyacetals, comprising a collar 141, and a thick-walled cylinder portion 143 having at the lower end thereof a tapered portion 142. Said retardant member 140 contacting the outer surface of a heat-sensing driven member 100. Said retardant member 140 is mounted to said driven member 100 so as to cover the outer surface thereof and being mounted outside the second refrigerant passage 63, said cylinder portion 143 defining a space 144 between the exterior of the driven member 100 and the interior of said cylinder portion 143.

Abstract: A heat transmission retardant member 140 which is a cylinder-shaped resin tube made of nylon or polyacetals is mounted between an adsorbent 40 and an inner wall of a hollow portion of a heat-sensing driven member 100 with a space 140′ between said inner wall. The hollow portion of said heat-sensing driven member 100 includes said adsorbent 40, said heat transmission retardant member 140 made of resin, and said space 140′. Said heat transmission retardant member 140 comprises plural protrusions, and by positioning said protrusions to contact said inner wall, said space 140′ is formed.

Abstract: A low pressure suction side refrigerant to liquid refrigerant heat exchanger, located in the refrigeration circuit in such a way that the sensor (and external equalizer tube, if applicable) is located downstream of the low pressure refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger, provides for effectively eliminating both the superheat and flash gas loss regions of the evaporator which in turn increases the mass flow through the evaporator and increases the refrigerating capacity of the evaporator at very little increase in compressor power thereby providing for increased system efficiency for refrigerating or cooling purposes. On the heating side, heat rejection capacity of a heat pump is increased even more dramatically because of the heat reclaim of the flash gas loss heat, which provides for even greater efficiency increases for heating applications.

Abstract: Apparatus for detecting low charge of a working fluid in a heat transfer system of the type having a fluid circuit comprising a compressor for pressurizing working fluid received from an evaporator, a condenser and condenser fan for cooling the working fluid received from the compressor, and an expansion device for controlling flow of the working fluid between the condenser and the evaporator, the apparatus comprising: a working fluid state sensor operative in response to a control signal and disposed in the fluid circuit on the outlet side of the evaporator to produce a working fluid state signal; and a control circuit for providing the control signal to the sensor and for controlling operation of the heat transfer system based on a comparison of the working fluid state signal with a state set point; the control circuit detecting a low charge condition of the working fluid when the state signal indicates the working fluid superheat exceeds a first predetermined threshold over a first predetermined time with

Abstract: A power element portion 36′ mounted on the upper portion of an expansion valve body comprises an upper cover 36d and a lower cover 36h, and is divided into an upper pressure chamber 36b and a lower pressure chamber 36c by a diaphragm 36a. A heat sensing drive shaft 101 is formed of a large radius portion 105 and a heat conducting shaft 103 integrally formed thereto. The stopper portion 104 contacting the lower surface of the diaphragm 36a is a member which is formed separately from the heat sensing drive shaft 101, and supported within the lower cover 36h. When the expansion valve is taken apart, the heat sensing drive shaft 101 is pulled out from the inside of the mounting seat 362 of the power element portion 36′, and the refrigerant remaining inside the upper pressure chamber 36b is taken out and collected from the side of the diaphragm.

Abstract: An air conditioner (1) includes an air conditioning circuit (2) in which a cooling medium circulates. An electrically powered compressor (C) is disposed within the air conditioning circuit (2) for compressing the cooling medium and discharging the cooling medium under high pressure. A refrigerant superheat feedback device (22) adjusts the superheat condition of the cooling medium that is returned to the compressor (C) for compression in order to ensure an adequate supply of lubrication oil to the compressor (C).

Abstract: An expansion valve 1 comprises a prism-shaped body 10, and a valve chamber 20 is formed within the body 10. Refrigerant supplied from a compressor flows into the valve chamber through a passage 22, passes between a valve means 42 and a valve seat 23, and travels toward an evaporator through a passage 24. Refrigerant returning from the evaporator enters the body 10 through a passage 26, and after the refrigerant temperature information is transmitted to the operating shaft 40, the refrigerant flows out through a passage 28 toward the compressor. Passages 22 and 28 open to a first side surface of the body, and passages 24 and 26 open to a second side surface orthogonal to the first surface. Such structure improves the degree of freedom for mounting the expansion valve 1.

Abstract: An expansion element for a CO2 motor vehicle air conditioner includes a valve unit which can be used particularly for such an expansion element and which has a fixed throttle between an upstream valve high-pressure side and a downstream valve low-pressure side. The expansion element contains a control valve which is acted upon by the low-pressure-side refrigerant pressure or a physical quantity connected therewith as the correcting variable, or valve unit. The valve unit contains a fixed throttle and at least one additional valve component in the form of a pressure control valve which is arranged in a bypass line bypassing the fixed throttle, or in the form of a control vale influencing the passage cross-section of the fixed throttle.

Abstract: A thermal expansion valve 10-3 includes a passage 32 through which refrigerant enters a prism-shaped body 30 from a receiver, and a valve means 32b placed within a valve chamber 35 for controlling the opening of an orifice 32a. The refrigerant returning from an evaporator 8 travels through a passage 34 toward a compressor 4. A power element 60 that drives the valve means 32b via a heat sensing shaft 36f comprises a disk-shaped housing 36d and a diaphragm 60a placed within said housing, which constitute a pressure working chamber 36b. A working gas is filled inside said pressure working chamber 36b and sealed thereto by a plug body 60k. The diameter size of the diaphragm 60a and the whole size of the plug body 60k are reduced in order to miniaturize and reduce the weight of the thermal expansion valve as a whole.

Abstract: A heat transmission retardant member 140 is formed of a cup-like shaped resin material utilizing nylon or polyacetals, comprising a collar 141 formed to the outside of the upper end thereof, and a thick-walled cylinder portion 143 having at the lower end thereof a tapered portion 142. Said retardant member 140 is positioned so that the upper end contacts a support member 82′, said collar 141 is supported by the inner surface of a housing 81, the outer surface of said cylinder portion 143 contacts the inner surface of said housing 81, and the end of said tapered portion 142 is inserted to a second hole 72 and contacting the outer surface of a heat-sensing driven member 100 and further positioned within a lower chamber 85 defined by a diaphragm 82.

Abstract: In an expansion valve the pressure vessel of which is constituted by a reduced number of parts and which does not require seal members a valve unit is surrounded by first and second half shells which in turn are surrounded by a pressure vessel formed as a one-piece body by molding resin by an insert molding process. Since the resin constituting the resin molded one-piece pressure vessel simultaneously form internal sealing member structures no additional seal members are required to be positioned and mounted. The first and second half shells are shaped such that the necessary refrigerant passages for the valve unit are defined in communication with connection holes of the pressure vessel.

Abstract: An expansion/check valve assembly is provided that includes a reverse flow rate adjustment device that allows for adjustment of the flow rate of a fluid flowing reversely through an open check valve port. The adjustment device includes a flow rate control member within the valve body and an adjustment member accessible outside of the valve body. The flow rate control member is operably coupled to the adjustment member and the adjustment member preferably includes a visual indicator viewable outside of the valve body to indicate the position of the flow rate control member. When installed in a refrigeration system at the inlet of the evaporator, the reverse flow rate adjustment device can be adjusted to control defrost conditions.

Abstract: A heat transmission retardant member 140 is formed of a cup-like shaped resin material utilizing nylon or polyacetals, comprising a collar 141 formed to the outside of the upper end thereof, and a thick-walled cylinder portion 143 having at the lower end thereof a tapered portion 142. Said retardant member 140 is positioned so that the upper end contacts a support member 82′, said collar 141 is supported by the inner surface of a housing 81, the outer surface of said cylinder portion 143 contacts the inner surface of said housing 81, and the end of said tapered portion 142 is inserted to a second hole 72 and contacting the outer surface of a heat-sensing driven member 100 and further positioned within a lower chamber 85 defined by a diaphragm 82.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of refrigerant level monitoring in a refrigerant circuit of an air-conditioning or heat-pump system having a compressor and a refrigerant which may, depending on the operating point, be operated in the supercritical range. The method includes standstill level monitoring with the compressor switched off and/or in-operation level monitoring with the compressor switched on. In the case of in-operation level monitoring, the refrigerant overheat (dTü) at the evaporator is registered and, in the event of excessive overheat, it is concluded that there is underfilling. At a standstill, the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant are registered, and it is concluded that there is an improper refrigerant filling level if the pressure (pKM) lies below a minimum pressure value (pmin) or the temperature (TKM) lies above a maximum saturation temperature value (TS) with the pressure being outside a predefinable intended pressure range ([pu,po]).

Abstract: An expansion valve 101 comprises a substantially prismatic-shaped valve body 301 made of aluminum alloy. On the valve body 301 is formed a first passage 32 through which a liquid-phase refrigerant travels towards an evaporator, and a second passage 34 through which a gas-phase refrigerant travels from the evaporator toward a compressor. On the upper portion of the valve body 301 is mounted a power element portion 36 for driving the valve mounted in the middle of a first passage 32. On the side surfaces 301a of the valve body 301 are formed protruding portions 301c, and to the protruding portions, penetrating holes 50 for inserting the bolt for mounting the expansion valve are formed.

Abstract: A valve body 30 of an expansion valve 10′ is equipped with a first passage 32′ formed by a cutting process through which a high-pressure refrigerant travels, and on the lower portion of the valve body 30 is formed a space 35a defining a valve chamber 35′ from the bottom portion of the valve body 30 along the axial direction by a passage 33. The passage 33 defining the space 35a and the first passage 32′ are formed so as to interfere with each other, and at the interference area is formed a throttle portion 323. That is, the diameter of the first passage 32′ is formed so that the cross-sectional area thereof is gradually reduced toward the direction of the valve chamber 35, and a throttle portion 323 is formed to the area of the first passage 32′ interfering with the passage 33 defining the valve chamber 35′. The throttle portion 323 is formed to have a cross-sectional area corresponding to a diameter of approximately 3 mm.

Abstract: A vapor compression system including a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator. The compressor increases the pressure and temperature of a heat transfer fluid. The condenser is connected with the compressor for liquefying the heat transfer fluid. The expansion valve is connected with the condenser and includes an expansion device for expanding the heat transfer fluid, and an internal sensor for detecting conditions within the heat transfer fluid. The evaporator is connected with the expansion valve for transferring heat from ambient surroundings to the heat transfer fluid.

Abstract: A thermal expansion valve for controlling flow of refrigerant from a high pressure (condenser) inlet to a low pressure (evaporator) outlet. The main valve is operated by pressure in a temperature sensing fluid filled capsule acting on a diaphragm connected to a valve operating rod. Upstream of the main valve, mounted on the same block is a solenoid operated shutoff valve. A first noise reducing restricting orifice is disposed in the high pressure inlet upstream of the shutoff valve. A second noise reducing restricting orifice is disposed in the shutoff valve which is preferably pilot operated.

Abstract: A motorized refrigerant valve has a spool axially moveable in a valving bore in a valve body for controlling flow from a high pressure inlet for expansion and discharge at substantially reduced pressure to an outlet in the valve body. A ball screw is provided on the remote end of the spool and the ball screw is driven by a rotating shaft of a stepper motor attached to the valve body to provide fine resolution for linear movement of the spool in the valving passage. A separate isolated passage through the valve body is connected to receive evaporator discharge flow and has a thermistor sensing temperature therein and provides a temperature signal to an electronic controller for providing a driver signal to the stepper motor. The stepper motor and ball screw drive to the spool provide the desired modulation of refrigerant flow in response to the signal from the controller.

Abstract: A thermal expansion valve 100 has a valve chamber in a valve body 110, and controls the flow rate of refrigerant from a condenser and a receiver, and the refrigerant travels to an evaporator through a passage 132. Refrigerant returning from the evaporator transmits the temperature of refrigerant to a heat sensing shaft connecting to a power element portion 36 while traveling through a passage 34. A cover 200 has a head portion 220 and a tapered portion 210, and is mounted to the top portion of the valve body 110. Tapered outer surfaces 212 of the tapered portion of the cover 200 and tapered surfaces 114 of the valve body 110 form approximately identical surfaces. A concave portion 221 of the head portion 220 covers the power element portion 36, and its peak portion forms a curved surface 222.

Abstract: A thermal expansion valve body for a thermal expansion valve. In order to provide universality so that the thermal expansion valve can ultimately be formed with an inlet and outlet either being aligned or at an angle to one another, the thermal expansion valve body includes an inlet protrusion for the inlet an outlet protrusion for the outlet, and a bypass aperture protrusion for a bypass aperture. The outlet protrusion and the bypass protrusion are substantially identical such that the outlet can be formed in one the outlet and bypass protrusions, and the bypass aperture can be formed in the other of the outlet and bypass protrusions.

Abstract: In an expansion valve having a control mechanism with an airtight chamber, the airtight chamber is sealed by a steel ball joined into a filling hole in a metallic wall of the airtight chamber. The steel ball is fixed by resistance welding for sealing the filling hole. The diameter ratio between the inner diameter of the filling hole and the outer diameter of the spherical surface of the steel ball is set to a value falling in a range from 0.6 to 0.85.

Abstract: It is proposed to design a compression-type refrigeration system of a motor-vehicle air-conditioning unit having a supercritical process, with a compressor (6), driven by an electric motor (5) with motor-control device (12), a gas cooler (27), an expansion member (8) and an evaporator (9) and also connecting elements for a circulation of a refrigerant, in such a way that the heat loss of the motor and/or of the motor-control device is essentially dissipated to the refrigerant. In particular, the refrigerant may flow around the motor and/or the motor-control device. This results in especially efficient cooling of the components, as a result of which their heat loss is reduced at the same time. Furthermore, in order to achieve a high efficiency of the entire unit, provision is made for the superheating of the refrigerant at the inlet of the compressor to be kept at a virtually constant level by a controlled expansion member.

Abstract: A laboratory thermostat (1) has a bath container (2) for liquid (3) to be tempered as well as a heating device and a refrigerating unit (4). The refrigerating cycle of the refrigerating unit (4) has a compressor (5), a condenser (6), an evaporator (8), as well as an expansion valve (7) controlled by a temperature sensor (10) arranged at the evaporator outlet. In addition, a regulation device (11) is also provided which is connected to a temperature actual value sensor (12) for recording the bath temperature. So that the temperature of the bath liquid can be adjusted to various values and regulated, the temperature sensor (10) of the expansion valve (7) is in thermal contact with a tempering apparatus controlled by the regulating device (11). The extent of the tempering is determined by the regulation device (11) according to the adjusted bath temperature output and the bath temperature measured by the temperature actual value sensor.

Abstract: A method of reducing flow noise in a thermally responsive expansion valve of the type for controlling flow of a relatively high pressure refrigerant from a condenser applied to its inlet at a substantially reduced pressure for circulation through an evaporator and including a solenoid operated shut-off valve in the inlet of the expansion valve. A reduced diameter flow passage is formed in the inlet upstream of the shut-off valve and a micro-porous element disposed in the reduced diameter passage and is operative for substantially reducing flow noise. The micro-porous element preferably has passage of about forty to one hundred eighty microns.

Abstract: A thermostatic expansion valve for a vehicle air-conditioning system includes a valve body with a condenser passage and an evaporator passage, and a power element supported on one end of the body. The power element includes a diaphragm and a pressure pad disposed against the lower surface of the diaphragm. The pressure pad includes a valve stem engaging a valve assembly in the valve body to control the flow of refrigerant between the condenser and evaporator. The valve assembly includes i) a plunger retainer threadably received in the condenser passage, ii) a plunger moveably connected to the plunger retainer and having a throttling member controlling the flow through an orifice in the metering passage, and iii) a spring extending between the plunger retainer and the plunger and biasing the plunger, and hence the throttling member, toward the orifice.

Abstract: An electronic expansion valve (EXV) used in a refrigeration cycle for a heat pump or chiller is controlled to maintain minimum pinch for ensuring proper flooded cooler exchange performance by monitoring the delta temperature between the cooler fluid and the saturated suction temperature. The discharge superheat is monitored to protect the compressor from liquid slugging. If the discharge superheat is lower than the expected value, the EXV opening is adjusted. A controller monitors certain system variables which are used to determine the optimal position of the EXV to optimize the system performance, the proper discharge superheat value, and the appropriate refrigerant charge.

Abstract: An expansion valve of a refrigerating cycle contains a compressor with variable capacity that hunts the flow of the refrigerant as soon as the expansion valve starts to open in a condition where the capacity of the compressor is varied. The variation of the cross-section of the passage of the refrigerant in the expansion over a selected amount of the moving stroke of a valve body of the expansion valve is less than the variation of the cross-section with another moving stroke amount of the valve body 53. The stroke section or stroke range with the reduced gradient of the variation of the cross-section extends between a position E in a fully closed state and a position F in a middle part of the opening stroke of the expansion.

Abstract: A power element portion 36′ mounted on the upper portion of an expansion valve body comprises an upper cover 36d and a lower cover 36h, and is divided into an upper pressure chamber 36b and a lower pressure chamber 36c by a diaphragm 36a. A heat sensing drive shaft 101 is formed of a large radius portion 105 and a heat conducting shaft 103 integrally formed thereto. The stopper portion 104 contacting the lower surface of the diaphragm 36a is a member which is formed separately from the heat sensing drive shaft 101, and supported within the lower cover 36h. When the expansion valve is taken apart, the heat sensing drive shaft 101 is pulled out from the inside of the mounting seat 362 of the power element portion 36′, and the refrigerant remaining inside the upper pressure chamber 36b is taken out and collected from the side of the diaphragm.

Abstract: An air conditioner has an evaporator, a main compressor, a condenser, and an energy recovery device. The condenser receives a compressed refrigerant from the compressor and condenses the refrigerant to either a liquid phase or a saturated liquid-vapor phase (reduced refrigerant charge content). The condensed refrigerant is passed through the energy recovery device to expand the refrigerant. The refrigerant passing through the energy recovery device is regulated to maintain the refrigerant in a high cavitation region within the motor, while maintaining within a predetermined refrigerant pressure range in the motor. The condensed and compressed refrigerant is expanded, in the motor, to a saturated liquid-vapor phase having a higher vapor content before the refrigerant exits the motor to optimize energy recovery.

Abstract: A refrigerator that efficiently cools multiple cold spaces at different temperatures with one compressor and one condenser is disclosed. Multiple, fan equipped evaporators are in series, and an expansion valve regulates superheat from inlet to outlet of the series evaporators. Cold space temperatures are regulated with an on-off thermostat in each space. If only one fan is turned on, system performance approaches that of a single evaporator refrigerator with controlled superheat. More than one evaporator fan may be turned on for initial cooldown.

Abstract: An expansion valve 101 comprises a substantially prismatic-shaped valve body 301 made of aluminum alloy. On the valve body 301 is formed a first passage 32 through which a liquid-phase refrigerant travels towards an evaporator, and a second passage 34 through which a gas-phase refrigerant travels from the evaporator toward a compressor. On the upper portion of the valve body 301 is mounted a power element portion 36 for driving the valve mounted in the middle of a first passage 32. On the side surfaces 301a of the valve body 301 are formed protruding portions 301c, and to the protruding portions, penetrating holes 50 for inserting the bolt for mounting the expansion valve are formed.

Abstract: A valve body 10 of an expansion valve 1 comprises a valve chamber 14 to which refrigerant from a compressor is supplied. The amount of refrigerant is controlled between a valve member 40 and a valve seat 16, and travels through a first passage 20 to an evaporator. The refrigerant returning from the evaporator travels through a second passage 50 and into the compressor. The valve chamber 14 is equipped with a bypass passage which is communicated through a narrow hole 24 to an opening 26 with a bottom, and through a conduit 28 to the first passage 20. The electromagnetic valve 100 comprises a plunger 130, and opens/closes the bypass passage by a pilot valve 150. A pressure switch 220 is equipped to an opening 54 communicated to the second passage 50, and when the pressure of the refrigerant returning from the evaporator is reduced, the valve 100 is operated and the bypass passage is opened.

Abstract: The invention provides a thermal expansion valve for a car air conditioner, which prevents a hunting phenomenon. The thermal expansion valve is provided with a refrigerant passage from an evaporator toward a compressor formed in an inner portion thereof and a temperature sensing and pressure transmitting member having a heat sensing function and forming a hollow portion in an inner portion thereof, which is installed in the passage.

Abstract: In a thermostatic expansion valve having a refrigerant passage (11) for guiding a refrigerant in a predetermined direction, a seat member (209) is placed in the refrigerant passage to divide the refrigerant passage into a high-pressure chamber (10) and a low-pressure chamber (14). The seat member is movable in the predetermined direction and provided with a valve seat (200a). An urging arrangement (210) urges the seat member towards the high-pressure chamber. In the high-pressure chamber, a valve body (201) is movable for adjusting a flow of the refrigerant in cooperation with the valve seat. A control arrangement (205, 206, 207, 208) controls movement of the valve body in response to temperature of the refrigerant.

Abstract: An expansion valve includes a valve body, a valve, a power element, and an aluminum heat sensing shaft. The heat sensing shaft has a hole that makes the heat transfer area of the heat sensing shaft small. Consequently, in a refrigeration system the response of the expansion valve is relatively insensitive to changes in a heat load of an evaporator. Thus, unwanted hunting phenomenon in the refrigeration system is prevented.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring and controlling an electrically driven transport refrigeration unit under varying operating conditions while maintain the system generator within its electric current and temperature limitations is disclosed. Specifically, the present invention the management of generator power through the combined use of controls for a suction modulation valve (an “SMV”), for diesel engine speed control, and for electronic expansion valve (“EXV”) superheat settings.

Abstract: The expansion valve of the present invention comprises of a heat sensing shaft 36f equipped to the expansion valve 10 and a diaphragm 36a contacting its surface, a large stopper portion 312 for receiving the diaphragm 36a, a large radius portion 314 movably inserted to the lower pressure activate chamber 36c and contacting the back surface of the stopper portion 312 at one end surface and the center of the other end surface formed at the projection 315, and a rod portion 316 whose one end surface fit to the projection 315 of the large radius portion 314 and the other end surface continuing from the valve means 32b, wherein a concave 317 is formed on the outer peripheral of said projection 315. This concave 317 is the fitting means for fitting the resin 101 having low heat transmission rate to the heat sensing shaft in order to prevent the occurrence of hunting phenomenon.

Abstract: The housing of a refrigeration expansion valve has a port which is in communication with the pressure feed back chamber of the valve. A pressure gauge may be attached to the port to read the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator.

Abstract: An system and process for controlling an electronic exchange valve for an transport refrigeration system evaporator in the absence of a evaporator outlet pressure transducer reading is disclosed. The process includes monitoring for the absence of reliable evaporator outlet pressure readings, monitoring the supply air temperature, and supplying the supply air temperature to a processor within a controller for use in an algorithm so as to approximate the saturation reference temperature and superheat levels to derive the necessary control signals for the EXV.

Abstract: A thermal expansion valve has a valve housing, a valve, a valve controller, a rod, and a seal ring. The valve housing has a first refrigerant passage, which is adapted to pass a liquid-phase refrigerant, and a second refrigerant passage, which is adapted to communicate a gas-phase refrigerant. The valve housing has a wall that separates the first and second passages. This wall has an opening that is in fluid communication with the first and second passages. The valve controls flow of the liquid-phase refrigerant entering the first passage. The valve controller is mounted on the valve housing and has a diaphragm and first and second chambers separated by the diaphragm. The rod extends between the diaphragm and the valve and is movably displaceable through the opening in the wall to open and close the valve to control the amount of the liquid-phase refrigerant entering the first passage. The seal ring is positioned in the opening and engages the opening surface of the wall and the rod to seal the opening.

Abstract: A system and process for optimizing the power drawn on a transport refrigeration system under power limitation conditions is disclosed. The invention includes a microprocessor control which adjusts the desired superheat level for the system, thereby altering the expansion valve, thereby limiting the mass flow rate of refrigerant through the system without having a comparable drop in refrigeration capacity as would a similar actuation of the suction modulation valve.

Abstract: When a compressor is stopped, a refrigerant passage in which refrigerant flows from a radiator to an evaporator is closed by a pressure control valve. Accordingly, even after the compressor is stopped, a high-pressure side pressure can be prevented from decreasing. This does not cause increased manufacturing cost of a supercritical refrigerating system.

Abstract: In a thermostatic expansion valve included in a refrigeration cycle for expansion of a refrigerant which is contained in the refrigeration cycle, the thermostatic expansion valve is provided with a particular chamber (14) which is substantially separated from a refrigerant passage (10, 11) for guiding the refrigerant and is connected to the refrigerant passage through an additional passage (15). The particular chamber has pressure relating to pressure in the refrigerant passage when the refrigeration cycle is operated. In order to reduce influence of the pressure in the refrigerant passage, a pressure transmission member (22) transmits the pressure in the particular chamber to a valve mechanism (200a, 201) which is placed in the refrigerant passage to adjust a flow of the refrigerant in the refrigerant passage. An operation control arrangement (205, 206, 207) controls an operation of the valve mechanism in response to temperature of the refrigerant.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an automatic self-adjusting thermally powered expansion valve for controlling the flow of refrigerant to an evaporator of a refrigeration system. The valve includes a differential fluid amplifier transducer which produces a constant flow of refrigerant independent of the liquid line pressure and includes a generally cylindrical interior with an inlet chamber having an inlet port and an outlet chamber having an outlet port and an orifice between the chambers providing a passage for the flow of refrigerant through the valve. The flow of refrigerant through the valve is regulated by a valve element, which moves longitudinally within the chambers with respect to the orifice. The longitudinal position of the valve element is controlled by force generators and sensors. The position of the valve element depends on the fluid pressure and the size of the pressure disks, and the spring constant of the compression spring.

Abstract: A hollow extrusion device includes a piston for pushing a billet of aluminum alloy through a first molding die placed on an opposite side of the billet. The molding die may comprise any number of cavities, but preferably comprises three cavities. On a side of the first die from which the extruded billet exits, a second die is provided and forms an outer shape of the expansion valve body. Subsequent to passing through the second die, mandrels are provided which form penetrating holes in the extruded, shaped material. One mandrel forms a second path in the expansion valve body, and two other mandrel form two bolt holes in the expansion valve body. The extruded, shaped material is cut to a set length, then further processed.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of monitoring, setting and regulating the filling level of a refrigerant evaporator using a throttle valve and a measuring apparatus mounted in the intake line, the measuring signal determined being freed from interfering portions and a useful measured value thus being generated. By using the useful measured value of a flowmeter, the fluctuations in the flow of refrigerant in the intake line are examined with respect to random short-time fluctuations from which a degree of fluctuation is derived. The degree of fluctuation is a measure of the value of the random short-time fluctuations which is simultaneously used for regulation purposes and is compared with a specified value in order to evaluate the quality of the evaporator filling.

Abstract: A mechanical refrigerant thermal expansion valve has a sensing port scaled with a cupped shape closure received therein and sealed about the cup rim. A cover assembly is removeably attached to the valve over the cup with a thermistor extending into the cup which is filled with thermally conductive grease for thermal conductivity between the cup and the thermistor. The cover assembly has an electrical connector provided thereon. The thermistor is preferably mounted on printed circuit board potted in the cover which may include electronic signal logic and power switching circuitry.