Abstract: A glass forming machine has a set machine cycle time. Each of the mechanisms, etc., is cycled during the time of one machine cycle. A computerized model of a mathematical representation of a network constraint diagram of the unwrapped bottle forming process which takes more than two machine cycles to complete is defined to facilitate the analysis and control of the machine cycle.

Abstract: A glass sheet quench station (16) includes first and second quench sections (24 and 26) that cooperate with a three position shuttle (28) and a control (30) to transfer glass sheets through the quench station with partial quenching performed at the first quench station and completion of the quenching at the second quench section. This glass sheet quenching method with two stage quenching shortens the cycle time to provide increased production.

Abstract: A control for defining data for setting the times for controlled events in a glass forming machine which is controlled by a programmable sequencer which defines the time of a machine cycle.

Abstract: A method of heating low emissivity glass sheet for subsequent processing. The glass sheet is loaded onto a longitudinally extending conveyor and oriented such that the lengthwise edge of the sheet is parallel to the length of the conveyor and the direction of conveyance of the glass sheet. The sheet is conveyed into a heating chamber. The glass sheet is then convectively heated in a specified sequence along the entire length of the glass sheet at selected areas measured along the width by creating a downward flow of heated air proximate the selected areas.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for heating glass panels in a tempering furnace equipped with rollers, glass panels are carried on a conveyor defined by rollers into a tempering furnace for the duration of a heating cycle, followed by carrying the glass panels into a tempering station. The glass panels are heated in the tempering furnace by bottom-and top-heating radiation elements as well as by bottom-and top-heating convection elements through whcih convection air is supplied to the tempering furnace. The glass panels' bottom side is heated by the bottom-heating convection elements, which are arranged lengthwise along the furnace and define convection heating zones side by side in a lateral direction of the tempering furnace. Thus, convection heating effects of the convection. heating zones can be altered relative to each other for profiling the heat transfer coefficient in a lateral direction of the furnace.

Abstract: A porous preform vitrification apparatus of the present invention, provided with a means for forcibly feeding nitrogen etc. from a furnace core tube to a discharge gas pipe so as to balance a pressure between a furnace core tube accommodating a porous preform and a heating furnace body surrounding this and so as to suppress pressure fluctuation in the furnace core tube to a minimum level, controlling the gas feed rate and discharge rate to the furnace core tube and the heating furnace body, and controlling the feed rate of the nitrogen from the furnace core tube to the discharge gas pipe based on a differential pressure signal of a pressure in the furnace core tube and a pressure in the heating furnace body.

Abstract: A method and an equipment for adjusting the cooling air of a glass tempering machine. Cooling air is led by at least one fan (1, 2) to a tempering area (4) for cooling the glass exiting a tempering furnace (11). By means of a closing device (10) the tempering area (4) can be reduced such that a tempering zone with a pressure that can be raised sufficiently high for tempering thin glass can be formed out of the reduced tempering area. In this manner the tempering result becomes very even, and no separate tempering zone is needed even for thin glass.

Abstract: A pneumatic machine control unit for an I.S. machine having at least one machine section for processing a gob of molten glass into a selected bottle. The section is supplied by a plurality of pneumatic lines at different pressures. A pneumatic supply input line supplies a manifold which is connected to a plurality of output lines. An electronically settable pressure regulating device is situated in each output line and a control is provided for setting the electronically settable pressure regulating devices either in response to operator inputs or from retrieved pressures from a database.

Abstract: The apparatus for preparing quartz micropipettes includes a pair of carriers mounted on a linear ball bearing guide which grasp opposite ends of a quartz glass capillary tube. A pair of miniature torches fueled by a mixture of oxygen and propane simultaneously heat a portion of the center of the capillary tube and an inverted U-shaped bar disposed between the torches in propinquity to the capillary tube. A cable having one end attached to one of the carriers and the other end attached to the core of a solenoid, the intermediate portion of the cable being wound around a pulley and attached to the second carrier, is used to pull the capillary tube in opposite directions as the tube softens. The cable is also wound around the axle of an optical encoder assembly which sends an electrical signal to a computer based upon either the distance or velocity at which the tubing is pulled apart.

Abstract: An apparatus for melting materials is provided comprising a melter body having a batch injection portion including a batch inlet port, a batch melting portion including a batch melting chamber adapted to receive materials from said batch injection portion, and a molten materials delivery portion including a molten materials outlet port. At least one jet stream injection assembly injects a jet stream into said batch melting chamber. The jet stream comprises a fuel, an oxidant, and heated products of combustion and produces a vortex flow pattern in said batch melting chamber. Fuel and oxidant within said vortex flow pattern react to form laminar flamelets within said vortex flow pattern. The heat generated in the flamelets melts the materials.

Abstract: A semi-convective forced air system for heating glass sheets during a heating cycle. The system has a heating chamber, and a longitudinal conveyor extending lengthwise through the heating chamber. A plurality of longitidinally-extending air manifolds are located within the chamber and are in fluid connection with a compressed air source. The manifolds are arranged in at least one widthwise-extending column. Each of the manifolds are oriented parallel to the length of the conveyor and are constructed and arranged to create a downward flow of heated air toward the conveyor to convectively heat the entire length of selected widthwise portions of a sheet of glass on the conveyor. A controller supplies or restricts the flow of compressed air to selected manifolds within a column at predetermined times during the heating cycle.

Abstract: A method and system for determining the behavior of a regenerator in a glass furnace performs a heat transfer analysis on each differential portion of the regenerator. The method and system determines a temperature profile within the regenerator for each differential space along the regenerator and for each period of time. Based on this finite difference analysis, the amount of heat transfer from the regenerator to primary air and the amount of heat transfer from the flue gas to the regenerator is determined. The method is an iterative method with the results from each pass being compared to the results from the previous pass to determine the quantity which had the largest difference. When the largest difference between successive passes is less than a certain tolerance, the method is considered to have converged.

Abstract: A robot carries a swabbing member to a position of each mold to rub the swabbing member against each one of the molds. The swabbing member feeds a swabbing agent to the surface of each mold where it comes in contact with, and rubs the agent thereinto.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for equalizing the temperature profile of glass sheets in a roller-equipped furnace included in a horizontal tempering plant. At least in the early stage of a heating cycle, the upper surface of a glass sheet is exposed to an intensified convection heat effect by blasting air into the furnace from blasting pipes (3) located close to the upper surface of a glass sheet. This blasting compensates for the vigorous heat transfer to the lower surface of a glass sheet in the early stage of a heating cycle, which is caused by hot rollers. The blasting range and spot is manoeuvred in the longitudinal direction of a furnace in a manner that, at any given time, the blasting is only applied to that longitudinal section of a furnace in which a movable glass sheet is located at a given time.

Abstract: In a process for shaping a gob in order to obtain a hollow glass article by means of an electronically-regulated and hydraulically-propelled level, the process of shaping the gob into a rough or finished product is rationally effected in a predefinable and in particular precisely reproducible manner by the fact that an electro-hydraulic servo-drive is used as a means for driving the level, and that the latter, during at least the practically total performance of the movement, is adjusted in position by means of a closed position-regulating circuit. In a device suited for this purpose the drive device of the level consists of an electro-hydraulic servo-drive and an electronic position-adjusting device for the at least approximately total movement of the level. Preferably the movement of the level in the glass article is also effected at a regulated speed and, ideally, the shaping stage is completed by a pressure-regulated forward movement of the level.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for heat-strengthening glass sheets. A glass sheet heated close to a softening temperature is heat strengthened by cooling it at a certain controlled cooling rate. The cooling is effected in a space between cooling panels and the cooling panels are cooled by a gas jet which is applied to the surfaces of cooling panels facing away from the glass sheet. A cooling space temperature measurement can be used for controlling the power of a cooling jet.

Abstract: A process is described for manufacturing vertically withdrawn pipes from quartz glass or glasses having a high content of silica with only minor diameter deviation. In an electrically heated furnace, the initial material is heated up to the softening point. A pipe is formed in a deformation zone and is downwardly withdrawn. In this deformation zone, a constant pressure difference is maintained between the pressure in the pipe interior and the pressure in a chamber and/or heating chamber. The pressure is continuously measured and controlled so as to be at a constant difference. In order to maintain a higher pressure in the pipe interior as opposed to the pressure in the chamber and/or the heating chamber, the withdrawn pipe end of the pipe to be manufactured is sealed.

Abstract: An improved glass tempering apparatus and method is disclosed. A glass sheet is quenched by heating the glass sheet and horizontally transferring the sheet on a roller conveyor into a quenching station having an upper and lower array of nozzles for directing coolant on opposite sides of the glass. A first array of points on the glass sheet are cooled, then the glass is horizontally jogged within the quenching station and a second array of points are cooled. Preferably, the jog distance is selected so that the first and second array of points are uniformly spaced relative to one another. An alternative embodiment of the invention cools a first array of points, horizontally jogs the glass within the quenching station and recools the same array of points with each point being cooled by a different nozzle pair so that the cooled points are uniformly sized and clearly defined with minimum irregularities resulting from roller shrouding and nozzle-to-nozzle variability.

Abstract: A method and apparatus constructed to measure the fluid present in a multifilament or fiber strand moving at high speed is described and involves conductive contact points along the strand path which contact the strand and generate signals. The signals which are conductance measurements are synchronously demodulated to produce a signal representing the volume of fluid in the strand.

Abstract: A blow box for the thermal tempering of panes of glass. To temper different sizes of glass, the air supply to selected blow tubes or blow tube groups in a blow box having a blow nozzle field disposed to handle relatively large panes of glass is blocked in the edge areas of the blow box, and in this manner the blow nozzle field supplied with forced air is adapted to the shape and size of the glass pane to be tempered. The adaptation of the blow nozzle field to the shape and size of the glass panes takes place, for example, with the aid of a template-like slide block having an opening corresponding to the glass pane, which slide block is arranged inside the air distributing box immediately in front of the front plate provided with the nozzle pipelets and which can be exchanged for a different slide block.

Abstract: The displacement of one or more of the plungers in an individual section glass forming machine is monitored so that the location of the plungers, when each mold cavity has completely filled (parison formation point), can be determined. When a plunger is located at the parison formation point the feed pressure is reduced by a selectable amount.

Abstract: In order to prevent an uncontrolled collapse of a quartz tube whose inner surface is being coated with a vitrifiable substance in making a preform or parison of an optical fiber, one or more streams of carrier gas entraining the ingredients of the coating substance through the quartz tube are supplemented by a stream of supplemental carrier gas whose flow is being continuously controlled to keep the overall mass-flow rate substantially constant. The outer tube diameter is photoelectrically monitored and incipient changes thereof are compensated by controlling a flow of additional carrier or inert gas which does not pass through the tube but joins the traversing gas flow at the tube outlet, inside a solids separator with a restricted exit aperture, to modify the pressure differential across the tube wall.

Abstract: An apparatus for fabricating an optical fiber preform having a support for rotatably holding a reaction tube, a raw material supply unit for supplying a glass raw material from one end of the reaction tube to the interior of the reaction tube and a heater for heating the reaction tube by reciprocating in the axial direction of the reaction tube which comprises a pressure measuring unit at the other end of the reaction tube, a gas pressure control chamber having a gas inlet and an exhaust port, and a blower capable of controlling the introduced gas pressure according to the measured value of the pressure memasuring unit in the gas inlet. Thus, the apparatus can accurately control the internal pressure of a reaction tube in good responsiveness.

Abstract: A gas distributor beam includes a plenum and distribution slot surrounded by a generally V-shaped cooling fluid chamber. The circulation of a suitable cooling fluid tends to maintain the plenum and distribution slot at a temperature below four hundred degrees Fahrenheit for the distribution of diborane gas to an upper surface of a heated glass ribbon. Carbon blocks are utilized to stabilize the glass temperature above nine hundred fifty degrees Fahrenheit for the proper deposition of boron on the surface of the glass. Insulation between the carbon blocks and the outer walls of the cooling fluid chamber minimize heat transfer and the shape of the cooling chamber minimizes the exposure of the glass to the lower temperatures of the cooling chamber.

Abstract: According to the invention, a cryogenic liquid as liquid oxygen is vaporized in a heat exchanger by air, which air is thus cooled and further used to blow bottles or the like manufactured at the end of the line where glass is melted and refined by burners using the gaseous oxygen.

Abstract: Device for improving the heating of a channel (2) for distribution of glass (1), said device including a cylindrical duct (6) connected at its upstream end to means (7) for feeding a premixture of air and fuel gas and whose downstream end (8) opens inside a cylindrical bore (9) in a refractory block (10) inserted in a wall (11) of the channel, said cylindrical bore (9) extending by means of a coaxial cylindrical duct (12), of smaller diameter than that of said bore, the cylindrical channel (6) being surrounded by a sealing ring (13) which covers the face of the cylindrical bore (9) in which said channel (6) is inserted.

Abstract: An arrangement for collapsing tubular formations into optical preforms includes a control arrangement which controls the pressure build-up at the downstream end of the tubular formation during all of but the last one of the collapsing increments to control the flow of a gaseous medium through the interior of the tubular formation from an upstream end to and beyond the downstream end of the tubular formation. The magnitude of the back-up pressure is controlled by a set point controller in dependence on the actual value of the back-up pressure, the set point controller being operative for counteracting any deviation from the desired pressure. The set point controller controls the flow-through cross-section of a control valve that admits a pressurized inert gas to a region situated downstream of the downstream end of the tubular formation and also downstream of the point at which the pressure build-up is being measured.

Abstract: This invention proposes a method of controlling the melting rate of a glass furnace to obtain substantially constant molten glass throughput. The furnace contains a pool of molten glass and a relatively thin layer of unmelted glass batch on the surface of the pool. The furnace contents are weighed, and the batch feed is controlled by the measured weight. In essence, the melting rate is determined by the thickness of the lighter, thermally insulated batch layer, since a thinner batch layer results in more heat loss through the batch and less batch melted by the cooler molten glass. Thus, a decrease in weight indicates more molten glass withdrawal and a lower melting rate, and batch is added to increase the molten glass temperature and to melt more glass batch. In the preferred embodiment, the furnace is electrically heated at a constant rate, and only the rate of batch feed is controlled to maintain substantially constant glass throughput.

Abstract: In the mould arrangement, an electrical temperature sensing device (TC1, TC2, TC3) is mounted on a mould portion (30; 70) and sends signals to control means of the arrangement. The control means is operable to read the signal from the sensing device (TC1, TC2, TC3) at a particular point in the cycle of operation of the machine, selected to occur when the mould portion (30; 70) is stationary, and to control a portion of the operation of the machine, e.g. the operation of the mould cooling means thereof, in accordance with a value of the signal.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for monitoring the redox state of one or more elements in glass are disclosed in which a working electrode 2 and an auxiliary electrode 7 are immersed in the glass 11 while the latter is molten. A scanning potential is applied to the working electrode, a series of potential pulses is superimposed on said scanning potential, and the resulting current between the electrodes is monitored to give an indication of the redox state of one or more elements in the glass.

Abstract: A metal or metal compound coating 6 is deposited on a face of a hot, freshly formed ribbon 1 of glass during the ribbon's forward travel through a coating station 5 between a forming installation 3 and an annealing lehr 4 by contacting the ribbon face with fluid coating precursor material e.g. sprayed from nozzle 17.Preparatory to the coating step, the ribbon 1 is passed through successive thermal conditioning zones comprising a zone 19 in which temperature gradients across the ribbon are reduced and a following zone in which heat is supplied substantially entirely to a surface layer of the glass at the face to be coated by exposing that face to one or more radiant heaters 22 having a black body temperature below 1100.degree. C. to compensate at least partially for the cooling effect of the coating step on the ribbon 1.

Abstract: The cooling wind for the molds on a glass bottle forming machine is controlled by a damper which is set by hand and positioned in the air passages from the section box or base of a glass forming machine and a nozzle base bolted to the top of the section box. As a further control for the air a piston operated vane positioned such that it will shut off the air to the air passages upon receipt of an air signal from the timing system of the machine is provided and is to be operated each cycle of the machine to prevent cooling air from impinging on bare glass.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are presented for granulation of molten slag for determining the flow of molten slag and adjusting the supply of granulation water in accordance with the flow of molten slag.

Abstract: A valve block for glassware forming machines is rendered faster and more accurate by substituting, for the pilot air system, a plurality of solenoids directly coupled with the cartridge valves which handle the operational air, the major part of the bodies of said solenoids being arranged across the main operational air feed manifold to be cooled by the air passing therethrough, a closed chamber around the upwardly projecting ends of said solenoid valves, means for passing cooling air through said chamber, a plate for closing the lower ends of said valve chambers, and a plurality of manually actuatable push buttons in said lower plate to permit manual actuation of said cartridge valves. In order to facilitate removal of the cartridge valves for maintenance purposes, said valves are modified by removing the wider portion of their bodies and providing a section in the valve chamber of smaller diameter to engage the end plunger portion of the valve member.

Abstract: A valve block for glassware forming machines is rendered faster and more accurate by substituting, for the pilot air valve system, a plurality of solenoids directly coupled with the cartridge valves, the coupling between said solenoids and said valves comprising a lost motion mechanical memory which, on reception of one pulse by the solenoid, pushes the cartridge valve and forces it to remain open, until reception of the next pulse by said solenoid, when it releases the cartridge valve to be closed; and a compensating spring, which is stronger than the force necessary to open said valves but weaker than the maximum force exerted by said solenoid, between said lost motion mechanical memory and said cartridge valve.

Abstract: In order to control the thickness of a metal or metal compound coating which is formed on a face of a freshly formed ribbon of hot glass during its travel from a flat glass forming installation by contacting such face at a coating station with a fluid medium or fluid media comprising a substance or substances from which the coating is formed, preparatory to being coated, the glass (4) is thermally conditioned (e.g. selectively or differentially heated) at a thermal conditioning station between the flat glass forming installation and the coating station, so as to eliminate or reduce temperature gradients across the ribbon width to be coated.

Abstract: The method and apparatus for monitoring a process condition in a spinner mounted for rotation, the spinner having an orificed sidewall for the centrifuging of molten mineral material therethrough, comprises a sensing means mounted for rotation with the spinner for sensing a process condition, and a wireless transmitter mounted for rotation with the spinner for transmitting a signal responsive to the sensed process condition.

Abstract: Undeposited reactants (i.e., soot) passing through a glass substrate tube (12), during the fabrication of a lightguide perform by the Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition (MCVD) process, flow into a reactant exhaust system (50) and are carried therethrough by a uniformly flowing reactant-free gas. The reactants pass through an exhaust tube (52), a reactant collection chamber (54), through a pressure control apparatus (56;114) and into a gas scrubber. The pressure within the exhaust system (50) is maintained substantially constant during the MCVD process by continuously monitoring the pressure therein and adjusting the pressure control apparatus (56;114) accordingly. Additionally, a continuous, uniform flow of soot-free gas is directed into the exhaust system to assist in the removal of the undeposited reactants therefrom.

Abstract: An improved system for applying internal treatment gas in the manufacture of glassware such as bottles or the like. An independent primary treatment system and backup treatment system are disclosed, with each treatment system monitoring itself to detect malfunctions. The backup system is automatically actuated whenever the primary system malfunctions. Simultaneous malfunctions of both systems cause glassware to be rejected from the conveyor line for a predetermined period, producing a gap which pinpoints the arrival of possibly untreated ware.

Abstract: An automatic cooling adjustment system for the forehearth of a glass furnace which enables the minimization of the amount of energy used in the forehearth. The system is utilized in a forehearth wherein a continually activated and adjustable cooling wind apparatus operates in conjunction with an electric or fuel fired heating system which controls or maintains the glass within a desired temperature range and at a predetermined temperature gradient range over the length of the forehearth. An automatic means is provided to adjust the amount of cooling wind and to maintain it at whatever level is required in order to minimize the opposing heating energy required. The system includes a timer which enables small automatic cooling wind adjustments during a first, relatively short time period and which enables temperature stabilization in the forehearth during a second, relatively long time period. The cycle of small adjustments is repeated as necessary to keep the heating system within pre-set energy limits.

Abstract: The disclosure provides an improved construction for a ten-section IS glass forming machine which incorporates on and in the machine frame, all of the control valving and piping necessary to operate all of the sections of the machine according to any selected one of a plurality of different types of processes, resulting in a significant decrease in the proliferation of pipes and valves that were previously required to be added to, and then removed from, the machine as the machine operation was changed from one type of forming process to another. The apparatus of this invention further applies individual controls for effecting the cooling of each parison mold cavity and each blow mold cavity of each multi-cavity section of the machine.

Abstract: A hole through each of opposed walls of a combustion chamber of a glass melting apparatus and piping interconnect the chamber atmosphere to an oxygen analyzer. A sample of the chamber atmosphere is continuously moved through each of the holes and piping to the analyzer by the biasing action of the positive pressure differential between the chamber atmosphere and the ambient atmosphere.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for detecting the level of molten glass in a glass melting furnace comprising transmitting an electromagnetic wave towards the surface of the molten glass, detecting the electromagnetic wave reflected from the surface of the molten glass, determining the amount of time elapsed from the transmission of the electromagnetic wave to the detection of the reflected electromagnetic wave, and generating a signal responsive to the amount of elapsed time as an indication of the level of molten glass in the furnace.

Abstract: An improved glass melt tank (10) having a feeder (15) and a channel (14) which interconnects the tank and the feeder and in which is arranged a rotary, raisable and lowerable regulator (20, 21) which opens and closes the channel (14) so that the feeder (15) is supplied with molten glass from the tank (10) when a level sensing means (22) senses a lower level in the feeder, the supply of molten glass being caused to cease when an upper level is sensed. The regulator (20, 21) rotates continuously in order not to get stuck in setting glass and seals against a horizontal seat formed in the channel.

Abstract: A machine for the manufacture of glass articles by blow moulding comprises a plurality of article-forming assemblies mounted in a circular array on a rotatable carousel. Each assembly has a number of operating means which cooperate to shape a gob of molten glass, first by rough-blanking using a plunger, and then by blow-moulding, into the required article. Control of said operating means is effected by a set of primary control members adjustably positioned in fixed locations around the carousel, and a respective set of carousel-mounted secondary control members associated with each assembly. As the carousel rotates, the secondary control members are moved past and influenced by corresponding ones of the primary control members and, as a result, the operating means of each assembly are appropriately controlled to shape the required article.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically wetting and mixing glass batch immediately prior to its introduction into a glass melting furnace. This apparatus is an axillary extension of a typical glass furnace charger hopper and provides for complete glass batch wetting and mixing immediately adjacent the glass melting furnace so as to minimize the possibility of batch "dryout" and similarly thereby minimize atmospheric dust pollution and other associated problems. Mixing action is continuous and the apparatus is arranged such that a fluid, normally water, is added to and mixed with the batch responsive to charger operation. The apparatus is structured in such fashion to emphasize mixing rather than material conveyance, thus reducing wear upon the structural elements while at the same time providing complete and uniform wetting of the batch within same.

Abstract: A multi-step glass forming machine having a plurality of mechanically actuated valves adapted to initiate the various steps in the operation of the machine is disclosed herein and includes an electronically controlled valve block assembly for mechanically actuating the aforestated valves. The valve block assembly includes a plurality of piston and cylinder arrangements, the pistons of which are pneumatically movable from a retracted position to an extended position for actuating respective ones of the valves. In this regard, the pistons are moved to their respective extended positions in response to the energization of an associated electrically actuated control valve and by a common pressurized air supply which is preferably independent of the glass forming machine.

Abstract: An automatic process controller and method for automatically controlling in real time the formation of an object having boundaries which change with time. A TV camera provides a video image of the object. An interface circuit detects first and second boundaries of the object by analyzing the analog video signal and generates first and second digital numbers corresponding to the first and second boundaries. A programmable digital processor determines the maximum difference between the first and second digital numbers, compares that difference with a target object size and produces a control signal based on the comparison for controlling the continued formation of the object.

Abstract: An automatic temperature control system for the forming units of a machine of the press and blow type. It comprises a system for automatically sensing the need for and supplying cooling air to the individual forming units, in accordance with heat transfer therefrom, so that controlled temperatures can be maintained in the various units to thereby form ware of uniform characteristics in the various units.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling the deposition of fibers issuing from a fiberizing unit in a veil which displaces portions of the veil with fluid streams, e.g., air blasts. A moving continuous collector screen receives the veil to form a mat of fibers. Speed of the collector is coordinated with the rate of deposition in determining the amount of fiber deposited per unit length of product. Air streams directed transversely of the direction of motion of the collector displace portions of the veil toward the collector edges. Absence of the air blast permits deposition of the veil to be concentrated on the collector center region. Application of gas streams in pulses cause splitting of the veil into sections which are displaced laterally across the collector with pulse frequency generally being increased with collector speed, and center to edge weight distribution of product being coordinated with the pulse interval length and the interval between pulses.