Abstract: According to one exemplary embodiment, a host/client system includes a host module, which includes a CPU coupled to a system bridge. The host/client system further includes at least one client having an integrated interface, where the integrated interface is coupled to the system bridge through a scalable serial bus. The system bridge and the integrated interface enable high bandwidth communication between the CPU and the at least one client through the scalable serial bus, thereby allowing control of bus width between the host module and the client.

Abstract: A molded glass article manufacturing device, having a means of forcefully separating a molded glass article attached to the forming surface of an upper mold or a lower mold, and readily and reliably aligning the axes of the upper mold and lower mold, a molded glass article manufacturing method, and a method of assembling a molded glass article manufacturing device are provided.

Abstract: A nozzle tip for a glass injection cartridge loaded with a rod-shaped glass material and having a heater for melting down the glass material into a molten state for injection into a mold, the nozzle tip containing:a) a nozzle body having a conical shape converging forwardly from a rear-end portion fitted on a fore-end portion of the glass injection cartridge, the nozzle body being formed of tungsten carbide and internally defining a molten glass passage extending axially throughout the nozzle body from the rear-end portion toward a converging fore-end portion to be connected to the mold; andb) a glass releasing layer coated substantially on the entire surface of the nozzle body including the molten glass passage,wherein the glass releasing layer is selected from the group consisting of HfN, BN, TiAlN, CrN, ZrN and TiN.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing waveguide-type optical components featuring a lower propagation loss at low cost in which a lower clad section (2) made of silica glass is formed on a substrate (1), and an antistatic layer and a mask layer having a desired pattern are formed on the surface of the lower clad section (2) in the order they are listed. Then, an electron beam is irradiated from above the mask layer to produce a core (6) of the desired pattern in the lower clad section (2), the mask layer and the antistatic layer are removed to expose the surface of the lower clad section (2), and an upper clad section (7) having a lower refractive index than the core (6) is formed on the exposed surface of the lower clad section (2), thus producing an optical component. The surface of the whole optical component is at a distance from the core; therefore, the scattering loss caused by minute irregularities on the surface of the optical component is reduced.

Abstract: Fiber optic based optrodes suitable for in-situ monitoring of groundwater and earth material for the presence of aromatic hydrocarbons. The optrodes are fabricated with porous optical waveguides which are impregnated with a chemical indicator whose optical transmission properties change in the presence of aromatic species, providing a high degree of chemical specificity.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing distributed index optical elements is disclosed. The method comprises a step of preparing silica sol including at least one of metal dopants, a step of dipping, after subjecting the silica sol to a gelling treatment, the silica gel in an elute into which a part of metal constituents other than silicon including in the gel is selectively eluted, and a step of drying and sintering the silica gel.

Abstract: A porous glass optical fiber sensor, a method for its use, and a method for its manufacture. The sensor includes a glass optical fiber for conveying light, the fiber having a surface of interconnected and permeable chambers within the fiber, for optically sensing within the chambers. An indicator can be applied to the surface for sensing. The sensor is made by: first, drawing the fiber; second, heat treating the fiber to induce phase separation; and third, leaching a phase from the fiber. Thereafter, an indicator, such as a pH or moisture indicator, can be applied to the fiber for sensing. The sensor is used in conjunction with a light source, a light detector, and means for measuring change in the light caused by an agent within the porosity of the sensor.

Abstract: A process for producing optical fibers of high tensile strength, wherein the fiber is pulled from a glass mass of halide glass and includes surrounding the fiber and mass with a dry gas atmosphere containing a drying agent which reacts with moisture and this dry gas atmosphere includes fluorine-containing agents, in particular NF.sub.3, as the drying agent.

Abstract: An optical interconnect structure, formed on a substrate, optically interconnects optoelectronic transmitting and receiving devices. The optical interconnect structure includes optical interconnects each of which includes a core member constructed of a material having a first predetermined index of refraction. The ends of the core members are chemically bonded either to an optoelectronic device or a core member of another optical interconnect. A cladding layer surrounds each core member. Each end of a cladding layer proximate to an optoelectronic device is chemically bonded to that device. The cladding layer is formed of a material having a second predetermined index of refraction, the magnitude of which is less than the magnitude of the first predetermined index of refraction.

Abstract: A gradient index glass comprised of (SiO.sub.2).sub.m (R.sub.2 O).sub.n X.sub.p, wherein R is Li, Na, K, Rb, or Cs, and X=TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2 and/or HfO.sub.2, m is 44 to 99, n is 0.25 to 20, p is at least 0.1, and m+n+p=100.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing mirrors comprising notching the backside of a plate and etching it from one or both sides. The front side is plated and polished to a flat mirror-like-like surface. The plate is made from glass rods that have been fused together in a bundle and then heated and stretched. One of the glass rods, near the center, is being susceptible to etching while the others are not. Therefore, when the glass rod bundle is drawn out, they will neck-down and become very fine. When the center glass rod has been drawn down to, for example, about five mils in diameter, the neck of the bundle is harvested for the above plates, by slicing out wafers at an angle, e.g., 45.degree.. The etchants will attack the center glass rod, but not those that surround it, due to their chemical properties. The result is a very sharply formed aperture hole of any desired diameter.

Abstract: A need often arises for micro-optical components, such as optical fibres and couplers, and micromechanical components with complex cross-sections which are different at opposite ends or, for directional couplers, at points along the length of the couplers. In the present invention, a soluble material 38 is added to at least one primary preform 35 to make a secondary preform 37 of circular cross-section. The secondary preform is then drawn to reduce the cross-section of the primary preform as required but the cross-sectional shape of the secondary preform is preserved. The soluble material is then removed and then part of the resulting product is heated and plastically deformed to give the required different ends 39 and 40 or other different cross-sections. In another aspect of the invention two soluble materials are used with different solubilities.

Abstract: A process for easily producing a silica glass plate having an internal refractive index distribution suitable for a planar optical waveguide involves carrying out the following steps.(a) A porous silica gel plate produced by a sol-gel method is kept in a reactor, the pressure of which is reduced to a substantially vacuum state.(b) Germanium tetrachloride gas is introduced into the reactor at a partial pressure appropriate to establish an absorption equilibrium between a desired concentration of germanium tetrachloride in said porous silica gel plate and a partial pressure of germanium tetrachloride introduced.(c) The partial pressure of germanium tetrachloride in step (b) is reduced so as to desorb germanium tetrachloride from the surface of the porous silica gel plate.(d) The porous silica gel plate having a described concentration distribution is brought into contact with water within or outside the reactor so as to fix the distribution.

Abstract: A method of fabricating preforms for making optical fibers by drawing, in which a silica deposit, including a doping agent, is formed in successive layers inside a silica-based tube (1) from a chemical vapor containing a gaseous compound of silicon, oxygen, and a gaseous compound of an element for doping the silica, with the composite tube then being subjected to collapsing so as to cause the empty axial zone (3), the tube hollow, to disappear. The silica of the initial tube is then eliminated, by removal, after which a recharge of silica (5) is made around the remaining cylinder (4) by plasma torch deposition from a gas comprising oxygen and a halogen derivative of silica.

Abstract: A method of forming a tapered aperture at the end of a capillary tube bore. A gaseous etchant such as a fluorine-containing compound flows through the bore and emanates from the first end of the tube. That tube end is heated to create a longitudinal temperature gradient. The gaseous etchant reacts with the tube and enlarges that portion of the bore at the first end. The resultant tapered aperture has a surface smoothness and shape that greatly facilitates the insertion of optical fibers during the fabrication of optical energy transfer devices.

Abstract: An optical waveguide preform is fabricated by inserting a rod inside a tube and collapsing the tube. The inner diameter of the tube is adjusted before inserting the rod to provide a predetermined gap width between the inner surface of the tube and the outer surface of the rod. The gap width is selected as a function of the cross sectional area of the tube in order to minimize core eccentricity in the finished waveguide.

Abstract: A process for fabricating a composite article is disclosed. A surface of a preconsolidated fiber reinforced glass matrix composite structure is pretreated to promote adhesion to the surface, a mass of fiber-containing uncured resin is molded in contact with the pretreated surface and the resin is cured to consolidate a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite structure and simultaneously bond the resin matrix composite structure to the glass matrix composite structure. A composite article fabricated by the above process is also disclosed.

Abstract: There is disclosed a family of alkali-free, lead silicate glasses having properties that make them particularly suitable for use in producing perforated plates for such applications as multichannel plates. In addition to lead oxide and silica, the glasses contain ZnO, BaO, CaO and, under certain circumstances, MgO.

Abstract: In a method for the production of cylindrically symmetric bodies with given radial gradient of the material properties, for example of the refractive index, at least two rod-shaped molded bodies consisting of materials with different properties are joined in parallel and, following lowering of the viscosity of both materials, the bodies are twisted many times in a spiral around a longitudinal axis, such that a desired radial gradient of the material properties arises, where metallic, semiconducting, or insulating materials may be used, and the viscosity is varied through changing the temperature or adding or removing a solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removing metal ions, particularly sodium, potassium and/or aluminum ions, from the thin outermost layer of items of glass or ceramic materials with enrichment by silicon dioxide, the items being subjected for a pre-specified time to a plasma - low-pressure plasma or corona discharge-induced plasma - , hydrogen, nitrogen or a noble gas being used as discharge gas.

Abstract: Halide fibres are protected by coatings up to 2 .mu.m thick of chalcogenide glasses, eg glasses based on compounds of S, Se or Te with Ge or As. The coatings are deposited on the fibre preform by ion deposition sputtering. Preferably the preform is ethced by directing a stream of inert ions at it. Most suitably the etching immediately precedes the coating.

Abstract: In the production of a waveguide, a pipe of a glass which is soluble in an acid or an alkali is used in order to obtain a smooth inner peripheral surface of a reflecting layer of the waveguide. After the reflecting layer is formed on the outer periphery of the pipe, the glass pipe is dipped in an etchant to be dissolved and removed. A reinforcement layer can be applied to the waveguide, and the reinforcement layer is made of a resin in order to keep the flexibility of the waveguide. In this case, the reinforcement layer of a resin is formed on the outer periphery of the reflecting layer on the pipe, and thereafter the pipe is dipped in the etchant and is removed. The waveguide of a circular cross-section can be flatted. In this case, the reinforcement layer made of a thermoplastic resin is heated to be softened, and then a compressive force is applied to the waveguide radially thereof to flatten the waveguide.

Abstract: A novel solution of H.sub.3 BO.sub.3 dissolved in strong hydrochloric or nitric acid is used to etch fluoride glass preforms used to manufacture fluoride glass fibers. Because of the excellent cleaning ability of the present solution, as well as the absence of sub-micron deposits, the resulting fibers have excellent bending strength.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of a light wave guide providing a cladding and a light conducting core, from a glass tube, showing a material on or below its inner surface which forms the core of the finished light wave guide comprising at least one substance which is diffused out selectively of this material, forming the core subsequently, into the interior space of the glass tube, whereby during the diffusing-out process the partial pressure of the diffusing-out substance in the interior space of the glass tube is maintained as small as possible, whereby a premature collapsing of the glass tube during the diffusion process is prevented by adjusting an overpressure in the glass tube, that the glass tube after the diffusing out process is largely collapsed by rinsing with a rinsing gas and in a last collapsing step is completely collapsed to a rod (perform) without rinsing with a rinsing gas and that the rod is subsequently drawn out to a fiber.

Abstract: Flexible coherent optical glass fiber bundles are manufactured from rigid coherent optical glass fiber bundles by selecting the fiber bonding agent to be an acid-leachable glass having a silica content in the range 8-15% molecular and removing acid-leachable glass from the rigid bundle by immersion of the bundle in a mineral acid leaching solution having a concentration in the range 5-30% by volume.

Abstract: A glass body having a graded (substantially Gaussian) index profile is produced by a process that comprises providing a doped porous body (e.g., having a uniform dopant distribution), heat treating the porous body in a halogen-containing atmosphere, and consolidating the porous body into the glass body. The heat treatment removes a predetermined portion of the dopant from the porous body, such that the radial dopant profile in the glass body differs from the initial profile in the porous body, and such that the Gaussian index profile results. Exemplarily, the porous body is a uniformly germania-doped, VAD-produced, high-silica rod having radially decreasing density, and the heat treatment comprises an 8-hour densification soak at 1300.degree. C. in 20% Cl, 80% He. In a preferred embodiment, silica overcladding is deposited on a graded index core rod produced according to the invention, and fiber drawn from the resulting composite glass body.

Abstract: A low loss fiber optic coupler is fabricated by forming a coupler preform having a plurality of spaced glass cores extending longitudinally through a matrix of glass having a refractive index lower than that of the cores. The preform is heated and stretched to form a glass rod which is then severed into a plurality of units. Heat is applied to the central region of each unit while the ends of the unit are pulled apart to elongate and taper inwardly the heated central region, whereby the cores of the unit are more closely spaced and are of smaller diameter at the central region than they are at the ends of the unit. The unit is then provided with a plurality of optical fibers, one of which extends from each of the cores at the endfaces of the unit. A preferred method of providing the optical fibers involves forming the coupler preform of a matrix glass that is easily dissolved in a solvent.

Abstract: A method of consolidating fine pores of a porous glass by impregnating the fine pores with an energy decomposable compound exemplified by SiH.sub.4. Energy is applied to the decomposable compound thereby forming active species which bond with each other and the functional groups on the surface of the fine pores three-dimensionally to thus form a glass network structure in the pores.

Abstract: A Fresnel lens is fabricated by depositing concentric layers of first and second materials in alternation on a substrate surface. The substrate and deposited layers are then drawn down to provide a predetermined Fresnel lens zone structure.

Abstract: A process for producing a glass product having .DELTA.n, the difference between the central and peripheral portions of the glass, greater than 0.04. This process utilizes a porous glass body which is produced via a phase separation technique. A dopant selected from the group consisting of (1) TlNO.sub.3, (2) TlNO.sub.3 and an alkali metal compound and (3) TlNO.sub.3, Pb(NO.sub.3).sub.2 and an alkali metal compound is then permeated into the micropores of the porous glass product. A concentration gradient of the dopant is then formed by leaching out a portion of the dopant from the micropores. After the dopant is solidified in the mircopores, the porous glass product is dried. A heat-treatment step then serves to collapse the micropores. A glass product having a gradient of refractive indices is therby obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed are the processes of how to fabricate the microchannel plate for use in electron image intensifying by using a number of glass pipes, each consisting of glass material containing oxides of alkaline earth metals, i.e., magnesium oxide (MgO) or a mixture of magnesium oxide (MgO) and calcium oxide (CaO).

Abstract: In the manufacture of preforms for metal halide optical fibers by the vapor deposition of metal halide layers on the inside surface of a silicate glass substrate tube, silicon release from the tube side wall by fluorine-containing reactants used in the vapor deposition process is reduced by the preliminary application of a slurry coating of a sinterable, fluorine-resistant metal halide or other glass composition which is dried and sintered to a passivation layer.

Abstract: The invention covers a process of forming gratings in optical fiber. The gratings are formed at depth wherein the evanescent waves of the optical fiber are encountered. The process permits the fabrication of gratings in the optical fiber that reflect light of predetermined wavelengths. The grated optical fibers can be used as reflectors or interferometers when the gratings are used in pairs.

Abstract: A process for producing an optical glass product having a predetermined distribution of refractive index in the interior of the product is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of:(a) preparing an aqueous silicate solution containing from about 0.1 to about 0.6 mol/liter of Si (as SiO.sub.2) comprising silicic acid and at least one element selected from the group consisting of rubidium, thallium and cesium;(b) mixing the silicate solution with an acidic aqueous solution, and letting the two solutions react with each other for a period of time sufficient for polymerization to produce a porous gelled product wherein the silica particles are agglomerated;(c) leaching the gelled product with a liquid selected from the group consisting of water, a weakly acidic aqueous solution, an aqueous solution having an alkali metal salt dissolved therein and an aqueous solution of organic matter capable of dissolving Rb.sub.2 O, Cs.sub.2 O, or Tl.sub.

Abstract: A process for producing a glass product having .DELTA.n, the difference between the central and peripheral portions of the glass, greater than 0.04. This process utilizes a porous glass body which is produced via a phase separation technique. A dopant selected from the group consisting of (1) TlNO.sub.3, (2) TlNO.sub.3 and an alkali metal compound and (3) TlNO.sub.3, Pb(NO.sub.3).sub.2 and an alkali metal compound is then permeated into the micropores of the porous glass product. A concentration gradient of the dopant is then formed by leaching out a portion of the dopant from the micropores. After the dopant is solidified in the micropores, the porous glass product is dried. A heat-treatment step then serves to collapse the micropores. A glass product having a gradient of refractive indices is thereby obtained.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the manufacture of substrates from carbon-coated SiO.sub.2 fabric that can be used for large-surface silicon bodies, in which mineral materials or waste containing SiO.sub.2 are used as starting materials and a mixture of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and oxides of the alkaline and/or alkaline earth metals is used as a flux for the transformation into the glass phase. The glass fibers made from the homogenous glass melt are processed into a glass fabric, which is then subjected to an acid leaching process and coated with carbon. The process is used for the low-cost production of substrates for silicon bodies that are manufactured according to the strip-coating process for use in solar cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing ultrapure doped vitreous silica for producing a preform for optical fibres. According to the invention, an ultrapure porous glass, glass obtained after its shaping, is used as the crude starting material in a deposition process of the plasma torch, grain by grain Verneuil type, for example, in order to complete a preform obtained by said process for the separation of phases and acid washing or etching of the glasses.

Abstract: A number of three-layer optical fibers each having a core a cladding and an overcoating layer of acid-soluble glass material are bonded together by means of an adhesive which can be removed by applying heat. The bonded optical fibers are heated and stretched to obtain a solid optical fiber bundle. The solid optical fiber bundle is brought into contact with an acid to elute (leach away) the overcoating layer of the acid-soluble glass material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing an optical waveguide by melt-drawing a transparent glass rod which has been produced by collapsing a doped porous glass rod. The glass rod is doped with refractive index enhancing dopant materials by depositing said material on the surface of the micro-pores wherein a waveguide having higher mechanical strength and lower transmission loss is obtained upon drawing said glass rod to a fiber. The drawing is performed at a temperature very close to the melting point of the outermost portion of the rod without causing any overmelting and resultant bubbling in the core portion. The drawing process is facilitated by matching the viscosity and softening characteristics of the outer, lower refractive-index portion of the rod to that of the central higher-refractive-index portion.

Abstract: A lens is formed of a section of glass clad glass rod ground and polished to a spherical shape of radius of curvature equal to that desired of a face of the lens. Remaining leachable cladding glass is removed leaving the lens with finished spherically curved opposite ends and an adaptability to modification by transaxial cutting and flat face finishing for plano-convex applications.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of an optical glass article, which comprises neutralizing an aqueous solution containing silicic acid to form a porous gelled body, removing soluble materials from the porous gelled body to form a porous glass body, stuffing the porous glass body with a solution containing at least one compound capable of being converted into an oxide dopant for changing the refractive index of the glass body, selected from the group consisting of CsNO.sub.3, RbNO.sub.3 and TlNO.sub.

Abstract: A flexible image-conducting bundle of optical fibers is produced by juxtapositioning and drawing a multiplicity of glass-clad glass fiber preforms and interstitial rods of leachable glass. The drawn assembly is cut to desired length and interstitial glasses are leached from the intermediate portion of the cut piece.

Abstract: In a method of making a strong fiber waveguide in which a preform is heated and pulled to make the fiber, the improvement includes adding to the preform at least one dopant capable of creating a mechanical stress profile in the preform and at least another dopant capable of creating an index of refraction profile in the preform, and varying the dopants added to produce a composition profile so that the composition profile varies radially from the center to the surface to form a core, an intermediate clad layer having an index of refraction lower than the core, and a surface layer which is in compression having a thermal expansion coefficient smaller than the core and having a predetermined thickness less than 10% of the radius of the core, the compression being greater than 20,000 psig.

Abstract: In optical glass fibres formed of high-silica glass which is susceptible to the production of color centers on drawing into fibres, the attenuation due to such drawing-induced color centers is suppressed or reduced by incorporating from 1 to 100 (preferably 3 to 50) parts per million of cerium oxide in the glass from which the fibre is drawn, under oxidizing conditions such that a significant proportion of the cerium is in the form of ceric ions and the total attenuation is not more than 20 dB/Km in the wavelength range from 800 to 900 nm.

Abstract: A method for producing an optical waveguide by melt-drawing a transparent glass rod which has been produced by collapsing a porous glass rod after being doped with a dopant material by depositing said material on the surface of the micro pores in order to enhance the refractive index of the collapsed glass rod, wherein a waveguide having higher mechanical strength and lower transmission is attained by drawing said glass rod at a temperature very close to the melting point of the outermost portion of the fiber without causing any overmelting or bubbling in the core portion, said drawing being facilitates by matching the viscosity and characteristics of the outermost lower-refractive-index portion to those of the central higher-refractive-index portion.

Abstract: A method of producing a glass article having a graded refractive index profile of a parabolic nature is disclosed.

Abstract: A method wherein the material for manufacturing the fitting is supplied into the mold to the point of intersection of its side channels which are arranged substantially horizontally, and pressing is performed simultaneously in all of the above channels of the mold.