Abstract: A bushing assembly is provided including terminal ears coupled to opposed end walls of the bushing assembly. Each of the terminal ears includes an electrically conductive plate with a first terminal edge (1D) coupled to a bushing first end wall, and extending away from the first end wall to a second, free terminal edge (1A) and having a curved geometry. The curvature, 1/(2R), at any point of the curved second end of the slot is less than the reciprocal, 1/ Wo, of the smallest gap width, Wo, of both slot first open end, WA, and elongated portion, WB, where R is defined as the radius at any point of the curved second end.

Abstract: Several versions of ceramic bushing/s consisting local heating element/s integrated in apparatus for manufacturing mineral/basalt fibers from natural basalt rocks have been designed based on alternatives to Pt/Pt-Rd bushings approach. The ceramic bushing/s having local heating element/s concept promotes minimization or complete replacement of platinum group metals from the process of continuous basalt fiber manufacturing. More specifically, the invention discloses ceramic bushing/s comprising in combination apparatus are designed for manufacturing continuous mineral (basalt) fibers from 7 to 20 micrometers (?m), and also the coarse fibers from 20 ?m to 100 micrometers (?m) in amorphous structural state which exhibit flexible/ductile properties.

Abstract: A glass-melting device for producing glass fibers capable effectively reducing inclusion of bubbles into glass fibers to be spun, and a method for producing glass fibers using the same are provided. A glass-melting device 100 for producing glass fibers comprises: a first glass-melting tank 12; a conduit 14 extending downward from the first glass-melting tank 12; a sucking device 18 for exposing the first glass-melting tank 12 to a reduced-pressure atmosphere; a second glass-melting tank 20 provided on a lower portion of the conduit 14 and exposed to an atmospheric-pressure atmosphere; and a bushing 22 provided at a bottom portion of the second glass-melting tank 20 and equipped with a number of nozzles 22a.

Abstract: A glass-melting device for producing glass fibers capable effectively reducing inclusion of bubbles into glass fibers to be spun, and a method for producing glass fibers using the same are provided. A glass-melting device 100 for producing glass fibers comprises: a first glass-melting tank 12; a conduit 14 extending downward from the first glass-melting tank 12; a sucking device 18 for exposing the first glass-melting tank 12 to a reduced-pressure atmosphere; a second glass-melting tank 20 provided on a lower portion of the conduit 14 and exposed to an atmospheric-pressure atmosphere; and a bushing 22 provided at a bottom portion of the second glass-melting tank 20 and equipped with a number of nozzles 22a.

Abstract: Forehearths that create a substantially homogeneous temperature to molten glass forming materials across the end position are provided. A gas cavity, a weir, a refractory block, or a heating element in the forehearth may be utilized to reduce a temperature gradient of molten glass forming materials across the end position. Reducing the temperature difference of the molten glass forming material across the end position permits for improved chemical and physical properties of the glass fibers and the end products formed from the glass fibers. In addition, a reduction in the temperature gradient across the end position produces a more homogenous glass fiber and glass product. Further, a reduction in the shear break rate occurs when the molten glass forming material has a temperature that is substantially the same across the end position, which results in a reduction in the breakage of glass fibers and an increase in manufacturing efficiency.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to effectively reduce mixing of bubbles into a spun glass fiber. A glass-melting device 10 for producing glass fibers includes: a first glass-melting tank 12 exposed to a reduced-pressure atmosphere; a second glass-melting tank 14 and a third glass-melting tank 16 arranged below the first glass-melting tank 12; an ascending conduit 18 that sends up molten glass resulting from melting in the second glass-melting tank 14 to deliver the molten glass to the first glass-melting tank 12; a descending conduit 20 that sends the molten glass down from the first glass-melting tank 12 to deliver the molten glass to the third glass-melting tank 16; a decompression housing 22; and a bushing 24. The glass-melting device 10 further includes heating means for separately heating the first glass-melting tank 12, the second glass-melting tank 14, the third glass-melting tank 16, the ascending conduit 18, the descending conduit 20 and the bushing 24.

Abstract: Fiberizing bushings for fiberizing molten materials including molten glass are heated by applying a voltage drop across the bushings wherein molten material flows through an array of hollow tips attached to, or integral with, a tip plate having orifices therein that generally align with channels through the hollow tips to form fibers. The uniformity of the diameter of the fibers produced is much improved by using tips of different lengths and/or tips having channels of differing ID's to compensate for unequal electrical heating and/or cooling effects of drawn-in ambient air that cools the tips on the extreme outer periphery and/or cooling or heating effects of external supports or cooling members running through the array of tips that cools or heats adjacent tips more than the interior tips.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention relate to glass fiber forming bushings, to methods of controlling the temperature of bushings having multiple segments, to systems of controlling the temperature of bushings having multiple segments, and to other systems and methods. In one embodiment, a method of controlling the temperature of a bushing having multiple segments comprises forming a plurality of filaments from a bushing comprising at least two segments, gathering the filaments into at least two ends, measuring the size of each of the at least two ends, comparing the measured size of the at least two ends to a desired end size, adjusting the amount of current passing through the at least two bushing segments in response to the end size comparisons.

Abstract: A reinforcement device, especially for the bottom of a bushing having a multitude of holes from which filaments, e.g., glass filaments, are drawn, including a reinforcement piece that includes a hollow first part defining at least one receiving housing and a second part that extends at least partly over the length of the hollow part, and also at least one stiffener inserted into the receiving housing of the hollow part. The cross section of the stiffener is substantially identical to the internal cross section of the hollow part.

Abstract: A bushing temperature controller includes a transformer 3 which supplies a main current I1 to the bushing 2 for accommodating molten glass, and regulation current supply units 7 and 8 which are adapted to supply regulation currents I2 and I3 either in phase with the main current I1 or in phase inverted to the main current I1 to a portion of a region to which the transformer 3 applies the current. Thus, the temperature control of partial regions 2a and 2c in the region to which the current is applied can be performed in a wide temperature range.

Abstract: Electrical resistant bushings and methods for making fibers such as glass fibers by passing molten glass through these bushings to form fibers wherein the bushings have novel ears for attaching to electrical terminal clamps bringing electrical current to the bushing are disclosed. The novel ears have at least one generally V shaped notch at or near the unattached end of the ear to produce an improved temperature profile on the tip plate of the bushing. One preferred bushing of the invention has ears having 5 generally V shaped notches therein.

Abstract: A plurality of different structural members for reinforcing a plate-like structure, such as a bushing tip plate for intended use in forming fibers from a fluid material supplied to a bushing assembly, are disclosed. Each reinforcing member includes a body having a first portion for attachment to the structure and a second portion having a profile with a variable height including at least one apex. The body may be integrally formed of a single piece of material, or two or formed from more separate pieces of material bonded or secured together. The body may be T-shaped, L-shaped, or F-shaped in cross-section. The second portion of the body may have an inverted V-shaped profile, an inverted W-shaped profile, or an arcuate profile. The at least one apex may be located at the midpoint or elsewhere along the length of the body.

Abstract: The invention relates to an in-line process for producing high-temperature stable glass. A sizing composition is advantageously used to reduce plasticizing between the resinous matrix and the glass fibers. The in-line process uses a melter or furnace apparatus, including a top charging and melting section and an intermediate flow regulator section having a baffle system improving the heat pattern across the glass flow, and a bushing having a tip plate for receiving molten glass from a furnace. The bushing has an enlarged size that allows drawing of a significantly increased number of glass fibers at one time. The fibers have essentially no catenary and may be wound to create a tightly wrapped package of glass fibers of uniform exterior diameter throughout their width. High-strength, high-silica fiber made according to the invention may be advantageously used in filament-winding, pultrusion and weaving processes.

Abstract: A screen comprises an electrically conductive elongate inner screen plate. The inner screen plate has at least one elongate fold therein and at least two elongate divergent surfaces on opposing sides of the fold. Each divergent surface has an upper end and opposing edges tapering downward from the upper end. The upper ends of the divergent surfaces diverge from one another. Each of the divergent surfaces has a plurality of holes therein. The screen further comprises at least two electrically conductive outer screen plates. The outer screen plates are attached to the edges of the divergent surfaces and extend between the divergent surfaces. Each of the outer screen plates has a plurality of holes therein. Another embodiment of the invention is directed toward a glass fiber bushing system comprising a bushing body and a screen within the bushing body. The bushing body has opposing end plates. The screen comprises opposing ends. Each of the ends has an upper portion and a lower portion.

Abstract: Electrical resistant bushings and methods for making fibers such as glass fibers by passing molten glass through these bushings to form fibers wherein the bushings have novel ears for attaching to electrical terminal clamps bringing electrical current to the bushing are disclosed. The novel ears have at least one generally V shaped notch at or near the unattached end of the ear to produce an improved temperature profile on the tip plate of the bushing. One preferred bushing of the invention has ears having 5 generally V shaped notches therein.

Abstract: A screen comprises an electrically conductive elongate inner screen plate. The inner screen plate has at least one elongate fold therein and at least two elongate divergent surfaces on opposing sides of the fold. Each divergent surface has an upper end and opposing edges tapering downward from the upper end. The upper ends of the divergent surfaces diverge from one another. Each of the divergent surfaces has a plurality of holes therein. The screen further comprises at least two electrically conductive outer screen plates. The outer screen plates are attached to the edges of the divergent surfaces and extend between the divergent surfaces. Each of the outer screen plates has a plurality of holes therein. Another embodiment of the invention is directed toward a glass fiber bushing system comprising a bushing body and a screen within the bushing body. The bushing body has opposing end plates. The screen comprises opposing ends. Each of the ends has an upper portion and a lower portion.

Abstract: A bushing including a terminal ear and a method of manufacturing the bushing are disclosed. The bushing includes a bushing body which can include side plates, end plates, a bottom plate, and terminal ears coupled to the bushing body. Clamps are attached to the terminal ears to supply electrical current to the bushing to maintain the glass inside in a liquid state. Each terminal ear includes an upper portion and a lower portion. The upper portion is coupled to a side plate of the bushing. A clamp is attached to the lower portion of the terminal ear. The upper and lower portions are oriented at an angle with respect to each other. Support portions are provided along the side edges of the upper portions of the terminal ears. Support portions stiffen the terminal ear, thereby increasing its resistance to bending and fatigue stresses. Support portions do not contact the bushing and therefore do not directly conduct current to the bushing.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of constructing photosensitive waveguides on silicon wafers through the utilization of a Plasma Enhanced Vapor Deposition (PECVD) system. The deposition is utilized to vary the refractive index of resulting structures when they have been subject to Ultra Violet (UV) post processing.

Abstract: A precious metal bushing used for fiberizing molten glass through nozzles protruding from the lower surface of an orifice plate in the bottom of the bushing requires a substantially reduced investment in precious metal by having very short sidewalls and endwalls such that the distance from the bottom surface of a flange at the top of the bushing to the top surface of the orifice plate is more than about 0.2 inch, but less than about 0.65 inch and preferably less than about 0.5 inch.

Abstract: This invention relates to a high throughput glass fiber production system and process to provide optimum glass delivery to the glass fiberizing bushing and enhanced glass production of textile fibers or filaments of glass. The fiberizing system includes dual melters which feed the molten glass through various screens within a high throughput feed bushing positioned below the melters to reduce seeds and condition the glass. The feed bushing directs the molten glass into a dual flow diverter for supplying the molten glass into the optimum location of the glass fiberizing bushings placed below the dual flow diverter.

Abstract: A bushing including a tip plate having an orifice region including orifices to permit flow of a molten fiberizable material therethrough; a reservoir for supplying molten fiberizable material to the orifices; and a substantially planar perforated plate positioned within the reservoir generally parallel to and substantially coextensive with the orifice region of the tip plate, the perforated plate including a central region and a peripheral region surrounding the central region, each of the central region and the peripheral region of the perforated plate having a plurality of openings to permit flow of molten fiberizable material therethrough, wherein average head loss of molten material flowing through the central region of the perforated plate is greater than average head loss of molten material flowing through the peripheral region of the perforated plate.

Abstract: A bushing assembly for forming fibers from a supply of molten fiberizable material has: (a) a bushing block having an insulating body with a bore extending therethrough and (b) an electrically conductive bushing positioned adjacent to the bushing block to receive molten fiberizable material from the bore. The bushing includes a flange having bonded to an upper surface thereof a primary layer of an electrically insulating material with a bulk density of greater than 2.0 grams per cubic centimeter. The electrically insulating material is positioned adjacent to the liner on the lower surface of the body of the bushing block and is in contact with the molten fiberizable material.

Abstract: The fiber-drawing furnace includes a graphite tube positioned vertically, heated by induction, and subjected internally to an inert atmosphere, said tube internally defining a fiber-drawing chamber. In the furnace said graphite tube is a double-walled tube having an inner wall and an outer wall, its inner wall is porous and separates the fiber-drawing chamber from a peripheral chamber defined between the walls and subjected to a flow of inert gas which diffuses through said porous wall into said fiber-drawing chamber. Application to drawing down an optical-fiber preform.