Abstract: A method for making a glass ribbon that includes: flowing a glass into a caster having a width (Wcast) from about 100 mm to about 5 m and a thickness (t) from about 1 mm to about 500 mm to form an a cast glass; cooling the cast glass in the caster to a viscosity of at least 108 Poise; conveying the cast glass from the caster; drawing the cast glass, the drawing comprising heating the cast glass to an average viscosity of less than 107 Poise and drawing the cast glass into a glass ribbon having a width (Wribbon) that is less than Wcast; and thereafter cooling the glass ribbon to ambient temperature. Further, the cast glass during the cooling, conveying and drawing steps is about 50° C. or higher.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method of making molten glass. The apparatus includes a glass former having a slot orifice design to deliver a glass ribbon. The slot orifice design can include a transition section, a slot extension, and external structural reinforcements. In some embodiments, the orifice opening distance of the slot extension varies along the width of the orifice. In some embodiments, the orifice has an orifice opening distance that is smaller at the center of the slot extension than at the edges of the slot extension, which limits glass flow at the center of the slot extension. Also disclosed is a method of making glass using the disclosed apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are apparatuses and methods for drawing sheet glass. More particularly, one or more sets of edge rolls can be configured to have a rotation axis angled away from a line orthogonal to the direction of flow of a ribbon of glass and positioned so as to contact the glass in the viscous region of the draw. Through control over the orientation and position of the one or more sets of edge rolls, sheet width attenuation may be eliminated, thickness of the beads that form along the edges of the glass sheet may be reduced, and instabilities associated with sheet width variation may be eliminated.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a glass roll includes drawing a glass film downward vertically from a forming device, converting a delivery direction of the glass film from a vertical direction to a horizontal direction, continuously delivering the glass film to a downstream side by a horizontal conveyance section, and rolling the glass film into a roll shape on a downstream side of the horizontal conveyance section. While the glass film is supported in surface contact by an endless belt serving as a support section, which is provided in the horizontal conveyance section, a rolling force equal to or less than a static friction force, which is generated by a self-weight of the glass film between the glass film and the endless belt, is imparted to the glass film.

Abstract: A glass manufacturing apparatus is described herein that comprises a forming device configured to produce a glass ribbon and a pull roll device which draws the glass ribbon downward from the forming device. The pull roll device has a first roll apparatus, a second roll apparatus, and a third roll apparatus. The pull roll device is configured to at least independently operate the first roll apparatus and the second roll apparatus such that at least one of a first upstream pair of draw rolls rotates with a substantially constant torque and at least one of a first downstream pair of draw rolls rotates with a substantially constant angular velocity. In further examples, methods of manufacturing a glass ribbon are provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for managing pulling forces applied to a glass ribbon in a draw apparatus are disclosed. The method includes applying a front-side and a rear-side drive torque to a glass. The method further includes calculating automatically with the at least one electronic controller a front-side and a rear-side average pulling force applied to the glass ribbon and corresponding to a first time period of at least one rotation of the front-side or rear-side stub roller, respectively. The front-side average pulling force and the rear-side average pulling force are compared to establish a pulling force differential between the front-side average pulling force and the rear-side average pulling force. One or more of the front-side drive torque or the rear-side drive torque are modified to decrease the pulling force differential between the front-side average pulling force and the rear-side average pulling force.

Abstract: A glass manufacturing apparatus comprises a forming device configured to produce a glass ribbon and a control device configured to independently operate a first pull roll apparatus, a second pull roll apparatus, and a third pull roll apparatus such that at least one of a first upstream pair of draw rolls rotates with a substantially constant torque, at least one of a first midstream pair of draw rolls rotates with a substantially constant torque, and at least one of a first downstream pair of draw rolls rotates with a substantially constant angular velocity. In further examples, methods of manufacturing a glass ribbon are provided.

Abstract: Methods of forming a glass ribbon with a glass forming apparatus including a first glass roll device are disclosed. The methods include a step (I) of drawing the glass ribbon along a draw direction with the glass forming apparatus. Also included is a step (II) of adjusting a first roll member relative to a first support structure of the first glass roll device by translating the first roll member in a first linear direction parallel to a linear adjustment axis of the first support structure while the first roll member is adjustably mounted to the first support structure. Also included is a step (III) of contacting a first surface of the glass ribbon with the first roll member at a first adjusted contact location of the glass ribbon. Also disclosed are corresponding glass forming apparatus configured to form glass ribbons and draw the glass ribbons in a draw direction.

Abstract: A glass manufacturing system and method are described herein for forming a high quality thin glass sheet. In one embodiment, the glass manufacturing system and method use at least one of a compensated rolling roll, a temperature controlled environment and edge rolls to form a high quality thin glass sheet that has a thickness less than about 2 mm and more preferably less than about 100 ?m.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for compensating the varying weight of a glass ribbon the glass ribbon is drawn from a molten glass forming material, and an apparatus therefore. The weight compensating apparatus is configured to apply a force to the glass ribbon that is inversely proportional to the weight of the glass ribbon such that as the glass ribbon weight increases, the force applied to the glass ribbon by the weight compensating device decreases.

Abstract: A manufacturing apparatus for a thin glass sheet includes a forming member main body configured to form the thin glass sheet by fusing together, at a lower end portion of the forming member main body, streams of molten glass, which have overflown from an overflow trough to both sides of the forming member main body, under a state in which the streams of the molten glass are caused to flow down along outer surface portions having a substantially wedge shape. The manufacturing apparatus also includes a pair of covering members fitted onto both widthwise end portions of the forming member main body, respectively, the pair of covering members forming restricting wall portions for restricting widthwise spread of the streams of the molten glass flowing down along the outer surface portions of the forming member main body.

Abstract: In a glass-ribbon conveyance assisting device which is applied to a glass-ribbon conveyance device configured to convey a glass ribbon on a plurality of rotating glass-conveyance rolls, the glass-ribbon conveyance assisting device includes a rotary drive section, a plurality of rolls configured to be rotated by the rotary drive section, an annular belt configured to rotate while running with flexion under a state where the rolls have been inserted into the belt, and a wheel configured to press the glass ribbon which is conveyed on the belt. The glass ribbon is conveyed on the belt by a drive of the belt under a state where width-directional both end portions of the glass ribbon are sandwiched between the belt and the wheel.

Abstract: A pull roll apparatus and method are described herein that can control a cross-draw tension and a down-draw tension of a glass sheet while manufacturing the glass sheet. In one embodiment, the pull roll apparatus includes a first driven stub roll pair, a second driven stub roll pair and a control device (e.g., PLC) that controls the first and second driven stub roll pairs while a first edge portion of the glass sheet is drawn between two vertically downtilted rolls associated with the first driven stub roll pair and while an opposing second edge portion of the glass sheet is drawn between two vertically downtilted rolls associated with the second driven stub roll pair. If desired, the pull roll apparatus may include a pulling roll assembly (located below the first and second driven stub rolls) or another set of driven stub roll pairs (located below the first and second driven stub roll pairs).

Abstract: A method keeps the width of the manufactured sheet substantially the same by attaching edge directors for the formed sheet to the manufacturing apparatus structure instead of to the forming block. Thus, sheet glass may be manufactured to specification for a longer time with the same forming block. An additional method adjusts the width of the manufactured sheet by changing the distance between the edge directors. Thus sheet glass may be manufactured to different width specifications with the same forming block.

Abstract: Methods for controlling thickness variations across the width of a glass ribbon (104) are provided. The methods employ a set of thermal elements (106) for locally controlling the temperature of the ribbon (104). The operating values for the thermal elements (106) are selected using an iterative procedure in which thickness variations measured during a given iteration are employed in a mathematical procedure which selects the operating values for the next iteration. In practice, the method can bring thickness variations of glass sheets within commercial specifications in just a few iterations, e.g., 2-4 iterations.

Abstract: A pull roll apparatus and method are described herein that can control a cross-draw tension and a down-draw tension of a glass sheet while manufacturing the glass sheet. In one embodiment, the pull roll apparatus includes a first driven stub roll pair, a second driven stub roll pair and a control device (e.g., PLC) that controls the first and second driven stub roll pairs while a first edge portion of the glass sheet is drawn between two vertically downtilted rolls associated with the first driven stub roll pair and while an opposing second edge portion of the glass sheet is drawn between two vertically downtilted rolls associated with the second driven stub roll pair. If desired, the pull roll apparatus may include a pulling roll assembly (located below the first and second driven stub rolls) or another set of driven stub roll pairs (located below the first and second driven stub roll pairs).

Abstract: A glass manufacturing apparatus is described herein that comprises a forming device configured to produce a glass ribbon and a pull roll device which draws the glass ribbon downward from the forming device. The pull roll device has a first roll apparatus, a second roll apparatus, and a third roll apparatus. The pull roll device is configured to at least independently operate the first roll apparatus and the second roll apparatus such that at least one of a first upstream pair of draw rolls rotates with a substantially constant torque and at least one of a first downstream pair of draw rolls rotates with a substantially constant angular velocity. In further examples, methods of manufacturing a glass ribbon are provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for drawing a glass ribbon including an edge roll assembly that contacts the glass ribbon with a force that is dynamically altered by an actuator electrically coupled to a sensor that measures the force applied against the ribbon. Dynamic, or real-time, variation of the edge roll force minimizes stress variability in the glass ribbon and improves ribbon shape control.

Abstract: A glass manufacturing apparatus comprises a forming device configured to produce a glass ribbon and a control device configured to independently operate a first pull roll apparatus and a second pull roll apparatus such that at least one of a first upstream pair of draw rolls rotates with a substantially constant torque and at least one of a first downstream pair of draw rolls rotates with a substantially constant angular velocity. In further examples, methods of manufacturing a glass ribbon are provided.

Abstract: An objective of the invention is to provide a glass-substrate manufacturing method that is capable of increasing the amount of production of glass substrates and improving warpage quality. A glass-substrate manufacturing method according to an aspect of the invention is a method for manufacturing glass substrates by employing a down-draw process. In down-draw processing, a molten glass is made to overflow from a forming member and formed into a sheet glass and the sheet glass is then cooled while being drawn in a downward-flow direction. In this glass-substrate manufacturing method, after the sheet glass has separated from the forming member and when the temperature of the sheet glass is within a temperature region ranging from a temperature higher than the softening point to a temperature near the annealing point, the sheet glass is cooled by maintaining the viscosity of side sections of the sheet glass within a range of 109.0-1014.5 poise while applying a tension toward the side sections.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for controlling the stress in, and the shape of, the glass ribbon (15) formed in a downdraw glass manufacturing process (e.g., the fusion downdraw process) are provided. In certain embodiments, the control is achieved by cooling the bead portions (21a, 21b) of the ribbon (15) at a rate which provides a heat flux Q?b at the thickest part of the bead (23a, 23b) which is given by Q?b=Q?q+?Q?, where (i) Q?q is the heat flux at a transverse position adjacent to the bead portion (21a, 21b) at which the ribbon's thickness equals 1.05*tcenter, where tcenter is the final thickness at the ribbon's center line (17), and (ii) ?Q??(tb/tq?1)Q?q+10 kilowatts/meter2, where tb is the thickness of the thickest part of the bead portion. The cooling can take place along the entire length of the ribbon (15) or at selected locations, e.g.

Abstract: A casting device for producing semiconductor material foil includes a casting frame and a substrate band. The casting frame is arranged for holding a molten semiconductor material and includes sidewalls of which an exit sidewall is located at an output position for the semiconductor material foil. The exit side wall is provided with an exit slit. The casting device further includes a local force exerting means to exert at the location of the exit slit a locally enlarged external force on the molten semi-conductor material to enlarge an outer pressure on the molten material at the exit slit.

Abstract: A method keeps the width of the manufactured sheet substantially the same by attaching edge directors for the formed sheet to the manufacturing apparatus structure instead of to the forming block. Thus, sheet glass may be manufactured to specification for a longer time with the same forming block. An additional method adjusts the width of the manufactured sheet by changing the distance between the edge directors. Thus sheet glass may be manufactured to different width specifications with the same forming block.

Abstract: Methods for controlling thickness variations across the width of a glass ribbon (104) are provided. The methods employ a set of thermal elements (106) for locally controlling the temperature of the ribbon (104). The operating values for the thermal elements (106) are selected using an iterative procedure in which thickness variations measured during a given iteration are employed in a mathematical procedure which selects the operating values for the next iteration. In practice, the method can bring thickness variations of glass sheets within commercial specifications in just a few iterations, e.g., 2-4 iterations.

Abstract: An apparatus for drawing a glass ribbon including a shroud surrounding the glass ribbon and an edge roll that penetrates the shroud to contact the glass ribbon. The apparatus includes regulating a pressure within the seal assembly to be equal to or less than a pressure within the shroud and prevent ingress of relatively cooler outside gas into the hot interior of the shroud. The edge roll utilizes an air bearing to minimize friction that can produce periodic fluctuation of the ribbon as the edge roll is displaces in response to variations in the ribbon thickness or equipment dimensions.

Abstract: Methods for controlling the bow (shape) of a vertical glass ribbon (13) produced by a downdraw process are provided. The methods involve passing the ribbon (13) through a gas-filled vertical enclosure (23), e.g., a draw tower, whose bottom (31) is open to the atmosphere. The ribbon (13) acts as a septum that divides the enclosure's internal volume (29) into a first sub-volume (25) and a second sub-volume (27). Using the stack effect, a positive pressure difference is produced between the first sub-volume (25) and the second sub-volume (27) along at least a portion of the length of the enclosure (the DDZ). The edges of the ribbon (13) are constrained so that they do not move into the second sub-volume (27) over at least the DDZ. As a result, the ribbon bows with its concavity facing the first sub-volume (25) and its convexity facing the second sub-volume (27).

Abstract: An apparatus for drawing a glass ribbon including an edge roll assembly that contacts the glass ribbon with a force that is dynamically altered by an actuator electrically coupled to a sensor that measures the force applied against the ribbon. Dynamic, or real-time, variation of the edge roll force minimizes stress variability in the glass ribbon and improves ribbon shape control.

Abstract: A method of producing glass sheets includes the step of fusion drawing a glass ribbon along a draw direction into a viscous zone downstream from a root of a forming wedge. The method further includes the step of drawing the glass ribbon into a setting zone downstream from the viscous zone, wherein the glass ribbon is set from a viscous state to an elastic state. The method further includes the steps of drawing the glass ribbon into an elastic zone downstream from the setting zone and stabilizing a region of the glass ribbon in the elastic zone along a width of the glass ribbon extending transverse with respect to the draw direction. A predetermined pressure differential between a first side and a second side of the glass ribbon is used to create the stabilized region. The method further includes the step of cutting a glass sheet from the glass ribbon, wherein the stabilized region inhibits shape instabilities from propagating upstream through the glass ribbon to the setting zone.

Abstract: A method of minimizing distortion in a glass sheet manufacturing process wherein the stress in a parent sheet of glass is measured along each edge of the sheet. The stress data is then used to develop a distortion predictor for predicting the in-plane distortion which sub-sheets of the parent sheet are likely to exhibit when the parent sheet is cut into pre-determined sizes. The in-plane distortion may be predicted based on criteria established by the glass manufacturer, or supplied by an original equipment manufacturer (OEM).

Abstract: In the formation of sheet glass by the overflow downdraw process, the width of usable sheet glass is maximized by downwardly flowing edge portions of the sheet over web-like members and thereafter over extensions which intersect with and are downwardly inclined relative to the web-like members to thin edge portions of the glass flow and maintain sheet width. The extension members are preferably removably attached to the web-like members, greatly facilitating replacement of the more easily damaged extension members.

Abstract: In a vertical glass drawing process, an edge guiding assembly (33) located between a glass forming apparatus (41) and a glass sheet separating apparatus (20) reduces horizontal motion of the glass ribbon (13) from which the glass sheets (11) are removed and results in the reduction of the difference in stress levels between the top and bottom edges of a glass sheet (11) made by the process. The edge guiding assembly also provides a reduction of the variation of stress levels between successive sheets of glass made by the vertical drawing process.

Abstract: Provided is a glass ribbon producing apparatus (1), which feeds molten glass (Y) to a forming member (3), and causes the molten glass (Y) to flow downward from the forming member (3) to form a sheet-like glass ribbon (G), including guiding portion (6) which is disposed on a transport route, for the glass ribbon (G) caused to flow downward, and has a gap with a dimension larger than a sheet thickness of each of both widthwide end portions in a thickness direction of the glass ribbon (G) for guiding only the widthwide end portions of the glass ribbon (G) within a range of the gap.

Abstract: There is provided polarizing glass having a high extinction ratio in a broad band. A manufacturing method of the polarizing glass containing elongated metal particles dispersed and oriented within glass includes an elongation step of forming mother glass after heat-treatment into a preform, of heating the preform at such temperature that the viscosity of the glass becomes about 1×108 to 1×1014 poise, of applying stress of about 200 kg/cm2 to 500 kg/cm2 to the preform while moving the preform within an electric furnace with feeding speed of 10 mm/min. or less and of elongating the preform as an elongated sheet with pulling speed of 150 mm/min.

Abstract: In an apparatus for manufacturing thin sheet glass, comprising a forming body 12 including a main body having a cross-sectional shape converging downwardly, the main body being configured to converging streams of molten glass into a single glass ribbon at a lower converged edge portion thereof, the streams of the molten glass flowing down along both surface of the main body; and edge members, the edge members being configured to restrict a width of the molten glass, wherein the glass ribbon formed by the forming body 12 is downwardly pulled to form thin sheet glass; the apparatus further includes a non-contact support member disposed in the vicinity of the lower converged edge portion of the main body, the non-contact support member being configured to form a thin gas layer on a supporting surface thereof, wherein the glass ribbon is supported over an entire width thereof in a non-contact way by the non-contact support member in a course wherein the glass ribbon is downwardly pulled.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing flat sheets of a glass-based material and to a device associated with the process.

Abstract: A conformable nosing device is described herein which conforms to have a bowed shape that substantially matches a bowed shape of a glass sheet and which engages the glass sheet to help minimize the motion of the glass sheet and to help reduce the stress within the glass sheet while the glass sheet is being scored and separated into individual glass sheets. In addition, the conformable nosing device can include a passive nosing device which can be controlled to further help minimize the motion of the glass sheet while the glass sheet is being scored and separated into individual glass sheets.

Abstract: The method of making thin glass panes includes conveying a glass melt through a vertical inlet to a drawing tank with a slit nozzle; drawing a glass ribbon downward from the slit nozzle; setting a total throughput by setting length and cross section of the inlet and by heating and cooling the inlet to control glass melt viscosity so that pressure in the inlet decreases; and setting a throughput per unit of length in a lateral direction along the glass ribbon via nozzle system geometry and by heating and cooling of the drawing tank and slit nozzle to control melt viscosity, so that glass does not wet an underside of the slit nozzle near a breaking edge. The setting of the total throughput and the throughput per unit length are largely decoupled to simplify process control. An inventive apparatus for performing the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing flat sheets of a glass-based material and to an apparatus therefor. The process comprises providing a glass preform, heating the glass preform in a furnace, forming a gob and a pre-sheet, removing the gob and drawing the glass pre-sheet into a flat glass sheet. Also provided is an apparatus for drawing a glass preform into a glass sheet, the apparatus comprising a draw furnace, stretching arms for stretching and drawing the pre-sheet into a glass sheet, and opposing edge rollers for applying a downward force on the glass sheet. The draw furnace may include a plurality of individual heating elements, the temperature of each heating element capable of being separately controlled. The apparatus may further include an annealing furnace for annealing the glass sheet.

Abstract: When a glass substrate for a liquid crystal display is manufactured using the downdraw method. strain caused by differences in the tempsrature of the sheet glass achieved as a result of cooling are reduced. Furth rtore. minute strain that occurs when the sheet glass manufactured using the downdraw method is out into smaller pieces is inhibited. When the sheet glass 8 is manufactured using the downdraw method. a temperature distribution is formed in the widthwise direction of the sheet glass 8 by the heat treating unit 9 used in the slowly cooling process after molding. This temperature distribution is a distribution that can offset the temperature distribution in the sheet glass 8 caused by the fact that the thickness of the sheet glass 8 after molding is greater in the edge areas than that in the surface area.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is described, with which individual rectangular glass panes of thickness between 0.03 mm and 2 mm can be cut from a glass band (2) drawn vertically from a hot forming device (1) in an in-line process with reduced rejects and reduced waste. The method provides that the glass band (2) drawn vertically downward through a vertical zone is cooled below a lower cooling point of the glass and subsequently is deflected through a bending zone (3b) with a bending radius between 0.1 m and 4 m into a horizontal zone (3c) in which it is horizontally oriented. The vertical alignment of the glass band (2) in the vertical zone (3a) is continuously monitored. At least one cutting process is performed on the horizontally oriented glass band (2) in the horizontal zone (3c). The device (20) for monitoring the vertical alignment of the glass band (2) includes at least three sensors (22a, 22b, 22c; 22a′, 22b′, 22c′) that detect the glass edges These sensors can be mechanical rollers.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for ceramising planar, transparent, substantially-rectangular sheets of glass-ceramic characterized in that the sheets are vertically suspended during the conversion process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for making ornamental glass. A molten glass mixture, formed into a continuous plastic sheet, is subjected to a single or multiple bilateral stretching before being annealed.

Abstract: In a float glass process, traction of an attenuating device on the glass ribbon is enhanced by a member buoyantly engaging the underside of the ribbon.

Abstract: An improved method of making films, sheets or plates of a transparent plastics material of high optical quality comprises depositing a solution, molten mass or reaction mixture which yields the solid plastics on drying or hardening on a moving glass ribbon having a smooth upper surfce. The ribbon may be made by the float glass process. The plurality of plastics layer may be deposited one on another.