Abstract: A method for the regulation of at least one of the parameters (?) of a hot rolling process of a semi-finished metal product in at least one rolling mill stand having at least two work rolls is provided. The regulation method includes calculating a forward slip ratio (FWS) with the following equation: FWS = | v exit - v stand | v stand where vexit is the speed of the semi-finished product at the exit of the respective stand and vstand is the linear velocity of the work rolls; calculating an estimated coefficient of friction (?real) as a function of a measured value of the screwdown force (F) of the work rolls in the stand and of the forward slip ratio (FWS); and regulating at least one of the parameters (?) based on the calculated estimated coefficient of friction (?real).

Abstract: In an energy-saving-operation recommending system, a total energy consumption of plural facilities during passage of one material to be rolled through a rolling line is calculated, and the total energy consumption is divided by a width and a length of the material to be rolled before rolling to calculate an energy consumption reference value that defines energy consumption per unit width and unit length of the material to be rolled. The energy consumption reference value is stored in association with a steel grade and a target post-rolling plate thickness of the material to be rolled. An energy consumption reference value corresponding to a steel grade and a target post-rolling plate thickness of a material to be next rolled on the rolling line is obtained. The energy consumption reference value is multiplied by a width and a length of the material to be next rolled to calculate predicted energy consumption.

Abstract: A computer determines a thickness and/or a temperature of a metal strip. The computer determines the temperatures occurring along a respective rotation part of the respective surface elements of the rotary elements and a rotary element shape which forms in the region of a draw-off point on the respective surface element, by a respective rotary element model and using an exchanged enthalpy quantity, the respective contact time with a metal and a respective cycle time exchanged per time unit of a respective rotary element of a casting device with the environment thereof. The temperature of the metal situated in the die region, and the heat flow from the metal to the respective surface element, are determined by a respective metallurgical solidification model and using a metal temperature, the temperatures of the surface elements, the rotary element shape and characteristic metal values.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of strip cold rolling, and in particular to a thickness control method for strips in a tandem cold mill. A performance feed-forward thickness control method in a tandem cold mill comprises selecting one or more frames as virtual indirect measuring instruments for the strip performance, in which the frame S1 must be used as a virtual indirect measuring instrument for the strip performance; calculating the deformation resistance fluctuation of supplied materials, providing a load cell on the frames that are selected as the indirect measuring instruments for the strip performance, and obtaining the deformation resistance fluctuation of the supplied materials of the frame Si by calculation; finally, calculating the feed-forward adjustment amount of each frame.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of a press-forming device, press-forming method, computer program/software arrangement and storage medium can be provided. The exemplary press-forming device can include a material characteristic input configured to input material characteristics. A state variable detector can be configured to measure a state variable comprising a metal mold distortion amount. A processing condition computer arrangement can be configured to determine from a first moment to a second moment at least one particular processing condition. Further, a processing condition controller can be configured to control the at least one processing condition from processing conditions.

Abstract: A controller restraining overcorrections which occur upon manual intervention in operation of an equipment controller. The controller includes a driving device which drives equipment to perform mechanical work, a computation element which computes a target value related to an action of the equipment, an automatic controller which outputs an automatic control signal for the driving device based on the target value so that the equipment becomes stable. The controller also includes a manual intervention control unit which outputs a manual correction signal for the driving device in response to a manual intervention. A manual correction unit makes a determination as to whether there is an overcorrection based on the automatic control signal and the manual correction signal, and outputs to the driving device a product obtained by multiplying the manual correction signal output from the manual intervention unit by a prescribed gain regulation value.

Abstract: A rolling train for rolling a strip has a number of rolling stands and a coiler. The rolling stands have work and backing rolls. Data of the strip are fed to a control device of the rolling train which determines individual pass reductions for the rolling stands based on the data. It controls the main rolling stands and the coiler such that the strip is rolled in the main rolling stands according to the individual pass reductions and then coiled up. It determines the individual pass reductions such that they are zero and controls the rolling stand arranged directly upstream of the coiler such that—with respect to this main rolling stand—the tension in the strip on the outlet side is less than on the inlet side, but the strip runs through this rolling stand without undergoing any forming, at least on one side.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for suppressing the influence of roll eccentricities on the run-out thickness of a rolled stock, which runs through a rolling stand, roll eccentricities being identified by using a process model and taken into consideration in the determination of a correction signal for at least one final control element, preferably a final control element for the adjustment position, of the rolling stand, wherein the measured tensile force upstream of the rolling stand is fed to the process model to identify the roll eccentricities. According to the invention, variations in tensile force are fed back in a targeted manner to reduce the effects of periodic roll eccentricities on the rolled stock, whereas all other sources of variation are eliminated. A process model of the rolling nip and the rolls, preferably based on the observer principle, produces reliable data on the roll eccentricity.

Abstract: A method for vibration damping and shape control of a suspended metal strip during continuous transport in a processing facility in a steel rolling line or surface treating line in a steel mill, where the method comprises the steps: measuring distance to the strip by a plurality of non-contact sensors; and generating a strip profile from distance measurements; decomposing the strip profile to a combination of mode shapes; determining coefficients for the contribution from each mode shape to the total strip profile; and controlling the strip profile by a plurality of non-contact actuators based on a combination of mode shapes.

Abstract: Apparatus and method of controlling strip geometry in casting strip having a rolling mill. A target thickness profile is calculated as a function of the measured entry thickness profile of the strip while satisfying profile and flatness parameters. A differential strain feedback from longitudinal strain in the strip is calculated by a control system by comparing the exit thickness profile with the target thickness profile, and a control signal is generated to control a device capable of affecting the geometry of the strip processed by the hot rolling mill. A feed-forward control reference and/or sensitivity vector may also be calculated as a function of the target thickness profile, and used in generating the control signal sent to the control device. The control device may be selected from one or more of the group consisting of a bending controller, gap controller and coolant controller.

Abstract: The present invention provides a learning method of rolling load prediction which uses a prediction error of a rolling load at an actual pass of a stock in hot rolling to correct a predicted value of rolling load at a subsequent rolling pass. The method comprises changing a gain for multiplying with the prediction error of the rolling load at the actual pass in accordance with a thickness of the stock to thereby set the learning coefficient of the rolling load prediction and improve the precision of the prediction.

Abstract: A method and a device for optimization of flatness control in the rolling of a strip using any number of mill stands and actuators. A mill model is used represented by a mill matrix that includes information of the flatness effect of each actuator. Each actuator's flatness effect is translated into a coordinate system having a dimension less than or equal to the number of actuators used. The actual flatness values are monitoring/sampling across the strip. A vector of the flatness error/deviation is computed as the difference between the monitored/sampled strip flatness and a reference flatness vector. The flatness error is converted into a smaller parameterized flatness error vector. A dynamic controller is used to calculate optimized actuator set-points in order to minimize the parameterized flatness error, thereby achieving the desired strip flatness. Also a system for optimization of flatness control in rolling a strip.

Abstract: A surface machining method for obtaining a planar material of a uniform thickness is provided. This method includes mounting a planar material on a surface plate, setting the coordinate axis in the plane direction of the planar material to X, Y, and setting the coordinate axis in the height direction to Z, virtualizing an XY plane including an origin of the Z direction measured as a distance Z(m,n) from the coordinates (Xm, Yn) of a virtual plane ABCD to the plate thickness center plane S composed of midpoints of segments connecting an upper surface and a lower surface of the planar material, measuring the distance in the Z direction of the plate thickness center plane from the origin in an arbitrary XY plane position, and tilting and cutting the planar material so that the difference between maximum and minimum value of the obtained height data will be minimum.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method based on a CAD system consisting of producing a skeleton (14) satisfying pre-defined stability specifications on the basis of a positive template. For this purpose, the control surfaces, which are calculated on the basis of predetermined coordinates of said positive template, are represented on an output device together with the modified surface shape of an implant.

Abstract: A sheet manufacturing method is provided including the steps of (i) extruding a sheet material to a sheet form; (2) forming a desired sheet by performing a predetermined processing involving dimensional change in a transverse direction of a sheet; (3) measuring a thickness distribution in the transverse direction of the sheet before completion and after completion of the predetermined processing; (4) calculating a manipulated variable corresponding to each measuring position based on a thickness distribution measurement value in the transverse direction of the sheet after completion of the processing; and (5) controlling the thickness of the sheet. In the calculation of the manipulated variable of step (4), a correspondence position in the transverse direction of the sheet after completion of the processing is determined, and a thickness control is performed based on the determined correspondence position in the transverse direction of the sheet.

Abstract: A process for the automatic control of the thickness of extruded film lowers the deviations in the thickness of the film more quickly after the start of the extrusion process. The process includes the measurement of the thickness profile of the film just extruded by means of a thickness-measuring probe. The thickness-measuring probe is moved along the surface of the film substantially perpendicular to the conveying direction of the extruded film. The thickness-measuring probe records a thickness profile of the film for each measuring cycle at least over parts of the expansion of the film perpendicular to its conveying direction. While providing statistical values in relation to older measured values, the latest measured values during a predetermined time-frame at the start of the extrusion process are more heavily weighted by a computer than those measured during the normal operation.

Abstract: In the learning method of rolling load prediction in hot rolling, in the past the prediction error of the rolling load was corrected based on envisioned error factors, but in the complicated rolling phenomenon, there are many influential factors and therefore logical extraction and estimation had been difficult. Therefore, the learning method of rolling load prediction according to the present invention refers to prediction error of a rolling load at an actual pass of a stock in hot rolling to correct a predicted value of rolling load at a rolling pass to be performed from then on, at which time changing a gain multiplied with the prediction error of the rolling load at said actual pass in accordance with a thickness of said stock to thereby set the learning coefficient of the rolling load prediction and improve the precision of the prediction.

Abstract: A method of precision surface re-profiling of a composite polymeric component comprising a region capable of being re-profiled, comprising the steps of locating the polymeric composite component with a formable surface relative to a supporting fixture, the thickness of component comprising the formable surface being greater than the desired final thickness in a region to be re-profiled, moving a forming head into position into contact with the formable surface of the composite component with the aid of precision location or measurement sensors, causing the formable surface of the component to flow under the tool and creating a precisely defined local thickness or profile of component under the forming tool, and moving the forming head along the region of the component to be re-profiled, while maintaining the forming tool at a predetermined height profile or while leaving the re-profiled component with a predetermined thickness profile.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for controlling the final thickness of a rolled product (B) at the outlet of a rolling mill including at least two roll stands (1–5) operating in tandem and associated with a general speed control system of the different stands, and to a device for controlling the reduction in thickness and in tension of the product (B) in each space (10–50) between two successive stands. According to the invention, the control device performs, in real time, dynamic balance, between the different stands (1–5), of the torques applied, in each stand, on the working rolls (T, T?), without any noticeable disturbance of the final thickness h5 of the product (B) at the outlet of the plant. The invention enables, in particular, to optimise the productivity of a tandem rolling mill, without any engine overloading risks.

Abstract: Input variables, which describe a metal strip prior to and after the passage of a rolling stand, are fed to a material flow model. The material flow model determines online a rolling force progression in the direction of the width of the strip and fees said progression to a roller deformation model. The latter determines roller deformations from said progression and feeds them to a desired value calculator, which calculates the desired values for the controlling elements of profile and surface evenness using the calculated roller deformations and a contour progression on the runout side.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for diagnosing faults in hot strip finishing rolling, which diagnoses thickness faults in hot strip finishing rolling, using preset data and real-time data on rolling and control conditions, equation models representing control and physical phenomena and a database constructed based on operation experiences. The present invention comprises: a Supervisory Control Computer (SCC); an actually measured data collection unit; an exit side thickness gauge loaded-on determination unit; a part identification unit; an on-gauge ratio calculation unit; a primary fault determination unit; a secondary fault determination unit; and a confidence rate evaluation unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for diagnosing faults in hot strip finishing rolling, which diagnoses thickness faults in hot strip finishing rolling, using preset data and real-time data on rolling and control conditions, equation models representing control and physical phenomena and a database constructed based on operation experiences.

Abstract: A strip thickness control apparatus for a rolling mill includes a strip thickness gauge provided on a delivery side of the rolling mill, a moving distance calculating module for calculating a moving distance of the strip from the rolling mill, a rolling roll angle-of-rotation calculating module for calculating an angle of rotation of the rolling roll, a strip thickness deviation calculating module for calculating a deviation of the strip thickness from a target value of the measured value of the strip thickness, a strip thickness deviation storage module for storing the strip thickness deviation by adding it for every angle of rotation of the rolling roll, a strip thickness deviation input determining module for determining an input timing for inputting the strip thickness deviation to the strip, thickness deviation storage, a strip thickness deviation output determining module for determining an output timing for outputting the strip thickness deviation stored in the strip thickness deviation storage module,

Abstract: A method comprising determining a polishing profile produced by a polishing tool and manufacturing a process layer with a surface profile prior to polishing operations based upon the determined polishing profile of the polishing tool.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for rolling a metal product by successive passes into at least one roll stand associated with a calculation unit comprising a computer and a mathematical model for adjusting the rolling load applied by the clamping means. According to the invention, before each pass, the computer associated with the mathematical model determines a predictable variation value of the flow stress of the metal corresponding to the deformation to be realized in the pass considered, while taking into account the evolution, during the rolling operation, of the microcrystalline structure of the metal making up the product to be rolled, and the rolling load to be applied in order to achieve the requested reduction in thickness is calculated before each pass according to the value thus predicted for the flow stress and the evolution of the microcrystalline during the rolling operation.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for creating custom-fitted garments wherein the customer provides critical information which is known to or easily ascertainable by the customer without assistance. Using this critical information, a controller applies rules contained in a model to estimate other critical dimensions necessary for the production of a selected garment, and which are not easily ascertainable directly by the customer without assistance. Using the actual and estimated critical dimensions, the controller determines the pattern data which is used to produce custom-made clothing which provides a superior fit to that which a customer would typically experience from the retail purchase of a similar mass-produced garment.

Abstract: A strip thickness control method in a twin roll strip casting device having a fixed roll and a horizontally movable roll, the method including the steps of: measuring a movement value Gj(&thgr;) of journals of the fixed and movable rolls and a movement value Gg(&thgr;+&pgr;) of barrels of the rolls; predicting a movement value Mfcr(&thgr;) of a roll nip of the fixed roll and a movement value Mmer(&thgr;) of a roll nip of the movable roll from the movement values Gj(&thgr;) and Gg(&thgr;+&pgr;); calculating a difference value between the movement values Mfcr(&thgr;) and Mmcr(&thgr;) to obtain an amount of variation Mdiff(&thgr;) of a gap between the fixed and movable rolls; and controlling thickness of a strip to minimize the amount of variation Mdiff(&thgr;) of the gap between the rolls.