Abstract: Some embodiments provide a system and method for interfacing with an irrigation controller based on rainfall, the system comprising: an interface unit including a housing and a control unit within the housing and configured to: cause an interruption of one or more watering schedules executed by the irrigation controller, which is separate from the interface unit, based on signaling received from a rain sensor including hygroscopic material, when a sensed expansion of the hygroscopic material is above a set rainfall accumulation threshold parameter, the rain sensor being separate from the interface unit and the hygroscopic material being configured to expand in response to being contacted by the rainfall and to contract in response to an absence of the rainfall; and remove the interruption after a completion of a predetermined interval of time after a sensed contraction of the hygroscopic material indicative of a rainfall stop.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of precision agriculture, particularly to systems and methods for providing crop coefficient (Kc) values including near real time and forecast values for the management of precise agricultural irrigation.

Abstract: A vegetation wall system includes an irrigation tank, a vegetation mounting unit with a vegetation holding unit, a pump feeding water from the tank to the holding unit, a programmable logic control unit including a central processing unit and a sensor, wherein the central processing unit monitors an aspect in the wall system by measuring, by the sensor, a component of the aspect as a first component measurement, waiting a predetermined period of time and then measuring, by the sensor, the component of the aspect as a second component measurement, determining, by the central processing unit, a change in the aspect based on the first and second measurements and the predetermined period of time, determining whether the change is outside a threshold range, in response to determining that the change is outside the threshold range, determining that an anomalous condition exists, and generating an alert when the anomalous condition exists.

Abstract: An irrigation controller is disclosed together with associated methods and computer program products. The watering schedule may be formulated based on catch cup data for one or more watering zones of a property to be watered.

Abstract: System for monitoring and regulating plant productivity comprising: a memory for storing instructions; a processor for executing the instructions to cause a method of monitoring and regulating plant productivity to be performed, the method comprising: receiving field data from monitoring sensors; computing, by the at least one processor executing a machine learning algorithm, a predicted value for a variable associated with the production environment condition of a crop field, the machine learning algorithm having been trained based on a training set comprising one or both of (a) the field data from the monitoring sensors, and (b) a generated feature derived from the field data; and determining, based on a threshold associated with the variable, that the predicted value for the variable indicates that an intervention in the crop field is to be initiated; and in response to the determining, causing a controllable device to vary the production environment condition.

Abstract: In some embodiments, systems and methods provide an irrigation control system, comprising: an irrigation controller comprising an irrigation control unit; a power source; a microcontroller; and a modulator, wherein the modulator is configured to output modulated power signals; a plurality of switches coupled to an output of the modulator and independently controlled by the microcontroller; and a plurality of two-wire path output connectors each coupled to a corresponding one of the plurality of switches, wherein each of the plurality of two-wire path output connectors is configured to be connected to a corresponding two-wire path of a plurality of two-wire paths to which multiple decoder-based irrigation control units can be connected and controlled, wherein the microcontroller is further configured to operate the plurality of switches to couple and decouple the modulated power signals from the output of the modulator to one or more of the plurality of two-wire path output connectors.

Abstract: An expansion base unit includes an input connector communicatively connectable with a cable to a connector in a previous base unit to allow receipt of a signal from the previous base unit, and a plurality of output connectors that each are communicatively connectable with a cable to a connector of a plurality of connectors in a subsequent expansion base unit to allow transmission of the signal received by the input connector to the subsequent expansion base unit.

Abstract: An irrigation system and method of controlling operations of the irrigation system are provided.

Abstract: A system is disclosed to obtain energy consumption data for an energy monitored property. An identification module is configured to identify, based on first actual energy usage data for the energy-monitored property, one or more daily, weekly, or monthly future time periods when energy consumption is not likely to occur or is likely minimal within the energy-monitored property. A calibration module is configured to transmit electrical signals to open and close at least one of the gas valve and an AC unit switch in accordance with the calibration schedule during a period of time within the one or more daily, weekly, or monthly future periods of time. A computational module may be utilized to calculate a first computed flow rate for the at least one of the gas valve and the AC unit switch. A method and computer program product related to the foregoing system are also disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods for collecting utility meter data are described. An example system may include a flow controller and a server. The flow controller is configured to communicate with a water meter for a property and connected to at least one water outlet of a plurality of water outlets. The server is coupled to one or more infrastructure databases and the flow controller. The server includes a non-transitory computer readable media and is configured to execute instructions stored on the non-transitory computer readable media. The instructions include receiving water usage data from the flow controller and transmitting the water usage data from the water meter for the property to a water utility company.

Abstract: A system and method for optimal allocation of agricultural water based on water consumption control are provided. The system includes a data management module, configured to store and manage data related to water allocation; a basic data statistics module, configured to take statistics on various stored data; an agricultural evapotranspiration (ET) calculation module, configured to calculate an agricultural ET based on the stored data and statistical data; and a water resource allocation module, configured to generate a corresponding water resource allocation scheme based on an agricultural ET of each water consumption unit and corresponding data. Surface water and groundwater are jointly allocated to reduce groundwater exploitation, increase groundwater recharge, reduce invalid water loss and consumption in a carrying and allocation process, and improve an output benefit of agricultural water supply.

Abstract: Water leaks and other anomalies in irrigation systems may be detected by analysis of energy consumption data captured from a utility power meter, and particularly energy data from smart meters that service water pumps. Furthermore, water usage can be measured indirectly from the energy required to move it given an understanding of its operating condition that ties water flow and electrical power. Unlike existing solutions that use water meters or other sensors, embodiments of the present method described herein detect water leaks and other anomalies from the electrical load for the water pump(s) and track the operating condition of the pump.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods for collecting utility meter data are described. An example system may include a flow controller and a server. The flow controller is configured to communicate with a water meter for a property and connected to at least one water outlet of a plurality of water outlets. The server is coupled to one or more infrastructure databases and the flow controller. The server includes a non-transitory computer readable media and is configured to execute instructions stored on the non-transitory computer readable media. The instructions include receiving water usage data from the flow controller and transmitting the water usage data from the water meter for the property to a water utility company.

Abstract: An apparatus includes at least one processor configured to obtain multiple spatiotemporal population projection models. Different spatiotemporal population projection models are associated with different pests, diseases, or biocontrol agents in a growing area. Each spatiotemporal population projection model defines how the associated pest, disease, or biocontrol agent spreads and contracts in the growing area over time. The at least one processor is also configured to receive information associated with an actual presence of a specific pest, disease, or biocontrol agent at one or more locations in the growing area. Different locations in the growing area are associated with different plants. The at least one processor is further configured to project a future presence of the specific pest, disease, or biocontrol agent in the growing area using the spatiotemporal population projection model associated with the specific pest, disease, or biocontrol agent.

Abstract: A method of making an electrocaloric element includes providing an electrocaloric material, forming a first electrode at a first surface of the electrocaloric material, and forming a second electrode at a second surface of the electrocaloric material. The forming of the first electrode includes, or the forming of the second electrode includes, or the forming of each of the first and second electrodes independently includes modifying the respective first and/or second surface of the electrocaloric material with an electrically conductive surface modification.

Abstract: An irrigation controller is disclosed together with associated methods and computer program products. User input specifying a requested start time may be received. A total desired watering time may be calculated. A total permissible watering time may be calculated. The start time may be moved back relative to the requested start time in response to determining that the total permissible watering time is less than the total desired watering time.

Abstract: Described herein are several embodiments relating to irrigation controllers. In many implementations, the irrigation controllers include a housing and a removable plug-in device. The housing includes a control portion comprising a first microcontroller configured to execute stored irrigation programs. The housing includes an interface connector port and driver circuitry configured to actuate irrigation valves based on control signals received from the first microcontroller. The removable plug-in device removably coupled to the interface connector port and comprising a second microcontroller and a wireless modem configured to communicate with a wireless network.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing irrigation water to a soil depth of a crop rootzone in a plurality of crop fields using a sensor network and soil moisture modeling are provided. In various embodiments methods include receiving data from a sensor network in a first crop field and determining a soil moisture model using data from the sensor network in the first field. Various embodiments further include determining a first field irrigation time using the soil moisture model, the first field irrigation time providing irrigation water to a soil depth of the crop rootzone above a Wilting Point (WP) and below a Field Capacity (FC) of soil in the first field, and applying the soil moisture model to a second field.

Abstract: Techniques for providing improvements in agricultural science by optimizing irrigation treatment placements for testing are provided, including analyzing a plurality of digital images of a field to determine vegetation density changes in a sector of the field. The techniques proceed by comparing a distribution of pixel characteristics in the digital images for each field sector to determine sectors in which minimal density deviations are present. Instructions for irrigation placements and testing may be displayed or modified based on the results of the sector determinations.

Abstract: A system for automated plant condition notification, detection, and watering to improve plant growth and maintenance including a computing unit, an optical sensor, a soil moisture sensor, a water tank level sensor, a pump, and a computing unit. The computing unit includes a memory and a processor that receives a first input indicative of a user identifier and a communication type, a second input indicative of a plant type, a soil moisture input, a water level input, and an optical sensor input. The processor also determines a water pump initiation threshold and a water pump completion threshold based on one or more of the plant type, the optical sensor input, or the soil moisture input and determines a plant maturity optical value based on the plant type. Additionally, the processor transmits a water pump initiation, a water pump completion signal, and a notification via a selected communication method.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are presented herein for providing lower level physical-layer gateway functionalities and upper-level application functionalities; a system designed with flexible configurations in order to support a wide range of connected applications. The system includes a processor that executes machine instructions to perform operations. The operations comprise: receiving sensor data from a sensor device located in a building; converting the sensor data from a raw state to a physical measurement; and activating an abatement device situated in the building as a function of the physical measurement.

Abstract: Methods and system for adding sensors/devices to a building management system. An illustrative universal backplane for accepting a plurality of building control sensors may include a housing configured to be secured relative to a wall of a building and a plurality of universal sensor receiving bays each including the same mechanical and electrical interface for selectively receiving one of a plurality of compatible building control sensors. Each of the plurality of compatible building control sensors may be compatible with the mechanical and electrical interface of the universal sensor receiving bays. The backplane may further include a controller operatively coupled to each of the plurality of universal sensor receiving bays, the controller configured to automatically discover each of the compatible building control sensors, if any, received by the plurality of universal sensor receiving bays and a communication module operatively coupled to the controller for communicating with a building control system.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a system and method for interfacing with an irrigation controller based on rainfall, the system comprising: an interface unit including a housing and a control unit within the housing and configured to: cause an interruption of one or more watering schedules executed by the irrigation controller, which is separate from the interface unit, based on signaling received from a rain sensor including hygroscopic material, when a sensed expansion of the hygroscopic material is above a set rainfall accumulation threshold parameter, the rain sensor being separate from the interface unit and the hygroscopic material being configured to expand in response to being contacted by the rainfall and to contract in response to an absence of the rainfall; and remove the interruption after a completion of a predetermined interval of time after a sensed contraction of the hygroscopic material indicative of a rainfall stop.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining a surface runoff yield in a vegetation-covered area. The present invention improves and integrates a water conservation model with a Zhang's model based on remote sensing data. The present invention constructs a new method for calculating a surface runoff yield in a vegetation-covered area on a spatial pixel scale based on a water balance equation of the vegetation-covered area. This method utilizes real-time dynamic multi-temporal remote sensing data to calculate a vegetation canopy interception water storage, a vegetation litterfall interception water storage, a soil water storage change, a vegetation water conservation, a vegetation evapotranspiration and a vegetation runoff yield. The method realizes the long-term dynamic estimation of the surface runoff yield in regional and global vegetation-covered areas on a spatial pixel scale. It has the advantages of being efficient, fast, accurate, and applicable to large-scale vegetation-covered areas.

Abstract: A method of spatially deriving soil moisture at a selected location within an irrigation district to be irrigated. The method includes using system identification techniques to produce an algorithm for evapotranspiration based on a predetermined selection from the following measured parameters: solar radiation spectrum, wind speed, temperature, humidity, crop factor, soil type, barometric pressure, irrigation historical data, and energy measurement from solar panels at each of a plurality of representative locations; calibrating the algorithm by direct measurement of the moisture in the soil at each of the representative locations by respective soil moisture sensors; and using measured parameters of rainfall, soil type, irrigation historical data and crop factor with the algorithm to derive or interpolate soil moisture at the selected location within the irrigation district.

Abstract: A system, method, and device may be used to provide irrigation water consumption data. The system may include an irrigation valve interface and controller that communicates with irrigation valves to open and close the valves. An identification module identifies one or more time periods when water consumption is not likely to occur or is likely minimal and a calibration module opens and closes the irrigation valves according to calibration schedule data. A timestamp module may identify a calibration valve open time and a calibration valve close time for the irrigation valves and a computational module may calculate a computed flow rate for the irrigation valves based on the calibration valve open time, the calibration valve close time, and the actual water usage data that occurred between the calibration valve open time and the calibration valve close time. The computed flow rate may be utilized to identify anomalies and provide notifications thereof.

Abstract: Systems and methods for data collection and processing are described, including a plurality of variable groups of industrial sensor inputs operationally coupled to an industrial environment and a multiplexer communicatively coupled to the industrial sensor inputs; and a controller configured to receive and monitor the data and adaptively schedule the data collector.

Abstract: Systems and methods to control irrigation. An image of an area of vegetation is received from a video camera supporting security monitoring wherein the video camera provides image data to both a security monitoring system and an irrigation control system. Vegetation is identified in the image based on processing the image's pixel information. Respective colors of the vegetation are determined by further processing color information within the pixel information depicting the vegetation. Based on the respective color of the vegetation, a respective irrigation state of the vegetation is determined. An irrigation need is determined based on the respective determined irrigation state of the vegetation. Irrigation is provided to the vegetation independently of a set irrigation schedule.

Abstract: A method for forecasting an agricultural irrigation water requirement includes: selecting a baseline period and crops each with a sown area larger than a set proportion as typical crops; calculating an irrigation water quota of the typical crop during a growth stage according to meteorological information; obtaining ten-day rainfall in a water-saving area from weather stations; and calculating effective rainfall in a sown region of the typical crop based on the ten-day rainfall; calculating an irrigation water requirement per unit area of the typical crop; and determining whether the irrigation water requirement per unit area of at least one typical crop is greater than an average of actual irrigation water usage per unit area measured in consecutive years, if yes, correcting the irrigation water requirement per unit area of all typical crops according to actual irrigation water usage; otherwise calculating a total water requirement for a next year.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an irrigation sprinkler body cover with an integrated battery-powered decoder is disclosed. A method of retrofitting existing irrigation systems to wirelessly communicate with one or more of the present apparatus is also disclosed. Concerning the present method, an irrigation controller provides message data to a gateway regarding the control of irrigation valves. The gateway contains configurable encoder software that encodes and then wirelessly transmits the message data, for example via long-range radio hardware at 902-928 MHz frequency. The encoded data is received by a present apparatus to which the message is addressed. The apparatus decodes the message data and subsequently provides a power signal via wire to one or more proximally-located DC latching solenoid valves to control the irrigation valves according to the user input.

Abstract: A row unit for a seeding machine includes a ground view sensor coupled to the frame. The ground view sensor is operable to sense the furrow and generate depth signals corresponding to actual sensed depth of the furrow. The row unit also includes a controller configured to receive the signals, and a downforce adjustment mechanism coupled to the frame and to the controller. The controller is configured to activate the downforce adjustment mechanism to adjust a downforce on the frame based on the signals received by the controller.

Abstract: An electronic device comprising memory and at least one processor coupled to the memory is disclosed. The at least one processor may be configured to render, on a user interface, a circular shape representing a center pivot irrigation system. The at least one processor may also be configured to receive a first input via the user interface indicating a first input point on the user interface. The at least one processor may also be configured to render, on the user interface, an alteration point marker on the circular shape at a first position aligned with the first input point and a center of the circular shape. The first position of the alteration point marker corresponding to a first radial position of the pivot. The at least one processor may be configured to control the center pivot irrigation system to alter operation of the pivot at the first radial position.

Abstract: An unmanned, autonomous, battery powered and rechargeable vehicle having multiple sensors for collecting, analyzing, storing and transmitting data related to environmental and plant growth data in greenhouse environment. The mobile vehicle navigates between plant rows tracking a designated and repeatable path several times daily, collecting data from the plant root ball up to and including the plant canopy, without touching, sampling, or impacting plant growth. A telescoping arm ensures the sensor platform height is optimized relative to the plant canopy height.

Abstract: An adaptive hydraulic control system controls irrigation system zones using predicted valve behavior, measured pressure, recovery time, and measured flow. A pressure sensor can measure a pressure in a water line and a flow meter can measure a flow rate in the water line. The adaptive hydraulic control system monitors the pressure and the flow rate, and determines when the pressure and the flow rate are above and below target operational thresholds. When the pressure is determined to be below a minimum target threshold or the flow rate is determined to be above a maximum target threshold, the adaptive hydraulic control system identifies one or more valves in an opened position of the plurality of valves that when closed would cause the pressure and the flow rate to return within the target operational thresholds. The adaptive hydraulic control system provides instructions to change a position of the one or more identified valves.

Abstract: Described herein are several embodiments relating to irrigation controllers.

Abstract: An irrigation system for providing irrigation to a crop comprising a plurality of mobile support towers, a conduit, a plurality of drive motors, a plurality of sensors, and a control system. The conduit carries fluid and is supported by the mobile support towers. The conduit includes a valve which can be opened to allow fluid flow through the conduit and closed to prevent fluid flow through the conduit. The drive motors propel the mobile support towers. The sensors generate data regarding the amount of fluid used to irrigate the crop. The control system controls the operation of the valve and the drive motors and is configured to calculate a price of forecasted yield loss, calculate a cost of irrigation, and terminate irrigation if the cost of irrigation is greater than the price of the forecasted yield loss.

Abstract: A system may include sensor equipment including one or more sensors disposed on a parcel of land, watering equipment disposed on the parcel and configured to selectively apply water to the parcel, and a gateway configured to provide for communication with the sensor equipment and the watering equipment. The gateway may interface between a first network and a second network. The first network may include at least the watering equipment and the sensor equipment. An operator may be enabled to wirelessly communicate with the gateway via the second network. At least one component of the watering equipment or the sensor equipment may be an adaptive component.

Abstract: A method of locating a water resource includes taking a first electronic device within a predetermined radius of a water resource; and associating owner contact information and coordinate location data of the water resource to the water resource. An online database stores the coordinate location data of the water resource, the owner of the water resource, and the owner contact information received from the first electronic device. A second electronic device displays on an electronic map the coordinate location data of the water resource within an area of the electronic map. The user of the second electronic device is informed, after selection of the water resource, the name of the owner of the water resource, the owner contact information of the water resource, and the coordinate location data of the water resource.

Abstract: An irrigation modeling framework in precision agriculture utilizes a combination of weather data, crop data, and other agricultural inputs to create customized agronomic models for diagnosing and predicting a moisture state in a field, and a corresponding need for, and timing of, irrigation activities. Specific combinations of various agricultural inputs can be applied, together with weather information to identify or adjust water-related characteristics of crops and soils, to model optimal irrigation activities and provide advisories, recommendations, and scheduling guidance for targeted application of artificial precipitation to address specific moisture conditions in a soil system of a field.

Abstract: According to an irrigation method based on water usage characteristics and real-time weather condition during different crop growth stages, whether the crops are in a shortage of water in the growth is determined based on an actual soil water content, a water usage amount of the crops during the given growth stage, and a rainfall amount during the next day. If the shortage of water occurs, the actual water usage amount of the crops is calculated, and a water pump can be self-adaptively turned on to water the crops and an administrator is informed when the reservoir has an insufficient water storage, according to the relation between the water storage amount of the reservoir and the actual water usage amount.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a system, method, and non-transitory computer readable medium for analyzing soil samples. Accordingly, soil sample units may be obtained and provided to a server that generates raw data. The raw data is sent to a database, where it is downloaded. The raw data is subsequently organized into a sub-report for each nutrient or variable contained in the raw data. An average for each nutrient in the raw data and a number of additional factors related to the raw data may be calculated. The average and additional factors are used to determine bulk recommendations by comparing target data to an exchangeable measured value. Additionally, the factors are also used to determine challenges and solutions by comparing the average data to the target data for each nutrient. The system compares the raw data to the measured values and mathematically adjusts the compared values to compute an optimal treatment algorithm.

Abstract: A moisture monitoring system with internes of things devices. The system includes at least one irrigating device having a moisture sensor, a temperature sensor, a valve connected to a water source, a wireless transmitter that sends sensor information to a cloud server via a first internet-of-things establishing a first channel of communication, and a wireless receiver configured to receive valve actuation signals from the cloud server via a second internet-of-things device establishing a second channel of communication. A valve actuator opens the valve upon receiving an actuation signal via the second internet-of-things device. The duration of the valve remaining open and other parameters are adjustable by a user utilizing a user interface of the second internet-of-things device. The moisture monitoring system can be customized and applied to various use cases depending on the irrigation needs of the user.

Abstract: An irrigation controller is disclosed together with associated methods and computer program products. The irrigation controller may calculate a first estimated in-soil water level at a first point in time and a second estimated in-soil water level at a second point in time with the second point in time comprising a beginning of an impermissible watering period for one watering zone. The irrigation controller may set a watering schedule, based on an estimated irrigation rate and the difference between the second estimated in-soil water level and an in-soil water capacity, for the one watering zone of a property such that the second estimated in-soil water level is elevated to the estimated in-soil water capacity based on the estimated irrigation rate for the one watering zone during a permissible watering period immediately before the impermissible watering period.

Abstract: Systems and methods for diagnosing and facilitating repair of system components and/or improving watering schedules are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of diagnosing a sprinkler system component is disclosed that includes initiating a sprinkler system zone run for a particular zone of a sprinkler system, capturing image data for the sprinkler system run, uploading the image data to a network node, processing the image data at the network node to produce data on the sprinkler system or a sprinkler system component, and generating an action item for the sprinkler system or sprinkler system component based on the data produced at the network node.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and systems for improving performance of sprinkler control systems using aggregations of flow controllers. As an example, to facilitate control of multiple controllers, a system may generate a virtual flow controller by aggregating the two or more flow controllers. A schedule for the virtual controller is set or received and then translated into schedules for the aggregated controllers. In another example, schedules may be set for individual watering zones, which are then translated into watering schedules for flow controllers corresponding to the zones. The system then transmits these schedules to a respective flow controller, which then carries out an irrigation routine according to the schedule.

Abstract: An electronic device is described, including memory and a processor coupled to the memory. The processor is configured to receive center pivot irrigation system information corresponding to a center pivot irrigation system and to request map data. The processor is also configured to a user interface with a map of the center pivot irrigation system. The processor is further configured to receive an input via the user interface indicating an input point. The processor is additionally configured to render an alteration point marker at a first position, the alteration point marker representing an alteration point for the pivot, the alteration point corresponding to a first radial position of the pivot at which a change in operation of the pivot is set to occur. The processor is also configured to control the center pivot irrigation system to alter operation of the pivot at the first radial position.

Abstract: A method includes controlling charging a battery pack of an electrified vehicle, via a control system of the electrified vehicle, based on climate conditions, traffic conditions, and learned driving habits of a driver of the electrified vehicle. The control system is configured to create a smart charging schedule for either adding or not adding an additional charge to the battery pack in anticipation of an expected upcoming drive cycle.

Abstract: An irrigation controller comprising a housing, a control circuit having a processor and a memory, the control circuit configured to store and execute an irrigation schedule, an input connector configured to be coupled to an alternating current (AC) power supply and receive an AC power signal having a first voltage level, a transformer disposed at least partially in the housing, the transformer having a primary side and a secondary side, wherein the primary side is coupled to the input connector, a resettable fuse disposed at least partially in the housing, the fuse being electrically coupled in series between the input connector and the primary side of the transformer, driver circuitry disposed in the housing and electrically coupled to the secondary side of the transformer, and wherein the driver circuitry is coupled to the control circuit, and an output connector coupled to the driver circuitry.

Abstract: A sensor assembly includes a housing and multiple sensor array segments. A first sensor array segment includes an antenna. A second sensor array segment has a soil temperature sensor, an electrical conductivity (EC) sensor, a moisture sensor, an ion-sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) nitrate sensor for detecting nitrates in adjacent soil, an ISFET phosphate sensor for detecting phosphates in adjacent soil, an ISFET potassium sensor for detecting potassium in adjacent soil, and an ISFET pH sensor for detecting pH in adjacent soil, and a reference electrode electrically coupled to the first sensor array segment and to the second sensor array segment. The first sensor array segment and the reference electrode can be disposed on opposite sides of the second sensor array segment.

Abstract: Water leaks and other anomalies in irrigation systems may be detected by analysis of energy consumption data captured from a utility power meter, and particularly energy data from smart meters that service water pumps. Furthermore, water usage can be measured indirectly from the energy required to move it given an understanding of its operating condition that ties water flow and electrical power. Unlike existing solutions that use water meters or other sensors, embodiments of the present method described herein detect water leaks and other anomalies from the electrical load for the water pump(s) and track the operating condition of the pump.