Abstract: An embodiment of the invention relates to a method of establishing a secure vehicle network including a plurality of nodes, each of the plurality of nodes including a memory storing a leader/follower field, the method includes establishing a communication path between a first node with a value corresponding to “leader” in the leader/follower field and a second node with a value corresponding to leader in the leader/follower field; and communicating between the first node and the second node over the communication path to establish the secure vehicle network by electing one of the first node and the second node to assign a value corresponding to “follower” to the leader/follower field.

Abstract: A map in a cloud service stores physical objects previously detected by other vehicles that have previously traveled over the same road that a current vehicle is presently traveling on. New data received by the cloud service from the current vehicle regarding new objects that are being encountered by the current vehicle can be compared to the previous object data stored in the map. Based on this comparison, an operating status of the current vehicle is determined. In response to determining the status, an action such as terminating an autonomous navigation mode of the current vehicle is performed.

Abstract: A system and method for using a mobile device to capture the proper execution of a series of one or more tasks with pre-assigned constraints that are associated with a specific set of assets, where those assets have certain known physical attributes and characteristics and are configured in a known manner is disclosed herein. The assets are preferably vehicles such as trucks.

Abstract: An agricultural machine includes a swath information acquiring module, a first determining module to determine a traveling path of an automatic operation based on a position of a swath, a setting module to set a work continuation width based on the traveling path, a second determining module to determine, when there is a manual operation by a worker during the automatic operation, whether the agricultural machine during the manual operation is within the work continuation width, and an executing module to execute the automatic operation. The executing module restores the agricultural machine to the traveling path after a termination of the manual operation and continues the automatic operation when the agricultural machine is within the work continuation width, and cancels the automatic operation when the agricultural machine is determined to be not within the work continuation width.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to a mapping management computer system. According to various embodiments, the mapping management computer system may be configured for updating geographical maps by assessing map data and operational data including vehicle telematics data to identify portions of a vehicle path that do not correspond to known travel paths. In various embodiments, the system is configured to define these identified portions as new known travel paths corresponding to a public road, private road, parking lot lane, or the like, and update the map data to reflect the new known travel paths.

Abstract: Methods, systems, apparatus, and computer programs, for tracking objects are disclosed. In one aspect, a method is disclosed that includes actions of obtaining an image, determining that a user of a first monitoring system has opted-in for object tracking by a second monitoring system that is remote from the first monitoring system, and based on a determination that the user of the first monitoring system has opted-in for object tracking: determining whether the obtained image satisfies a predetermined level of similarity to a stored tracking object image model stored on a first device of the first monitoring system, and based on a determination that the obtained image satisfies a predetermined level of similarity to the stored tracking object image model, generating a tracking update notification, and transmitting the tracking update notification to the second monitoring system that is remote from the first monitoring system.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a multispectral stereo camera self-calibration algorithm based on track feature registration, and belongs to the field of image processing and computer vision. Optimal matching points are obtained by extracting and matching motion tracks of objects, and external parameters are corrected accordingly. Compared with an ordinary method, the present invention uses the tracks of moving objects as the features required for self-calibration. The advantage of using the tracks is good cross-modal robustness. In addition, direct matching of the tracks also saves the steps of extraction and matching the feature points, thereby achieving the advantages of simple operation and accurate results.

Abstract: A method for a follower vehicle following a lead vehicle, comprising establishing, in a first control mode of the follower vehicle, a path for the follower vehicle to follow the lead vehicle, characterized by generating environmental data which is related to the environment of the lead vehicle, determining, based on the generated environmental data, an expected behaviour of an operational parameter of the lead vehicle, determining an actual behaviour of the lead vehicle operational parameter, comparing the determined expected behaviour of the lead vehicle operational parameter and the determined actual behaviour of the lead vehicle operational parameter, determining based on said comparison whether to continue in first control mode of the follower vehicle, or in a second control mode of the follower vehicle, differing from the first control mode.

Abstract: There is provided a method comprising a method comprising receiving a plurality of signals at a first receiver of a plurality of first receivers associated with a vehicle. At least one of the plurality of signals comprises at least one message. The method comprises processing the plurality of signals to determine the at least one message and providing the at least one message to a controller. The controller is configured to verify the at least one message for use in determining vehicle action.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein enable routine autonomous execution of at least some major phases of aerostat operation in response to commands from human or automated external operators, a built-in decision-making capacity, or both. Various embodiments combine one or more actively controlled tethers, aerodynamic aerostat control surfaces, mechanical assistive devices (e.g., jointed arms attached to a ground station), and/or active propulsors attached to the aerostat to govern aerostat behavior during launch, flight, and landing phases of operation. Some embodiments enable automatic autonomous performance of all phases of routine post-commissioning aerostat operation, including launch, flight, and landing, without any routine need for availability of a human crew.

Abstract: A drone communication system and method. The system includes a first communication module; a second communication module; and a drone processor electrically connected to the first communication module and the second communication module respectively; and configured to receive and send a heartbeat packet and communication data through a first communication module and a first communication network, so as to communicate with a first communication port of a server; receive and send communication data through a second communication module and a second communication network, so as to communicate with a second communication port of a server. A receiving condition of the heartbeat packet is used to determine whether to use the communication data received by the first communication network or the second communication network.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for extracting data from digital documents, indexing the data, and providing a user interface for filtering the data and generating a document based on the filtered data. In one implementation, a method includes extracting data from one or more digital documents, the extracted data including elements of a first type, the elements of the first type including key-value pairs; indexing the extracted data; hosting a web-based application instance, the web-based application instance including a user interface for searching the indexed data and filtering elements of the first type based on rules defined by a user of the user interface; receiving rules for filtering the elements of the first type; and filtering the elements of the first type based on the received rules.

Abstract: A radar system for an autonomous driving vehicle (ADV) is disclosed. The system includes a target that includes a number of target elements disposed in a predetermined configuration on the target to collectively represent a radar readable code. The system further includes a radar unit included in the ADV and configured to: transmit a first electromagnetic (EM) signal to the target within a driving environment, receive a second EM signal reflected by the target, compute a radar cross section (RCS) signature based on the received second EM signal, generate a corresponding communication message based on the computed RCS signature, and transmit radar data that includes the communication message, where the ADV is controlled based on the communication message.

Abstract: A mobile body configured so that multiple mobile robots can travel along the same track in formation even when an obstacle is present on the travel path of the mobile robots, and a method of controlling the mobile body. This mobile body (100) includes: a map storage (6) that stores travel path information; and an intelligence processor (10) that recognizes whether or not an object in the periphery is a mobile body to be followed (101). When the object is the mobile body to be followed (101) and the mobile body to be followed (101) does not exist on a travel path (16) indicated by the travel path information, the intelligence processor (10) sets a position on the travel path (16) in which the mobile body to be followed (101) is projected, as a temporary destination (17).

Abstract: A location and mapping service is described that creates a global database of indoor navigation maps through crowd-sourcing and data fusion technologies. The navigation maps consist of a database of geo-referenced, uniquely described features in the multi-dimensional sensor space (e.g., including structural, RF, magnetic, image, acoustic, or other data) that are collected automatically as a tracked mobile device is moved through a building (e.g. a person with a mobile phone or a robot). The feature information can be used to create building models as one or more tracked devices traverse a building.

Abstract: An acquiring unit acquires, for each of reflection points detected by a radar device, reflection point information including a horizontal angle, a vertical angle, and a relative speed. A converting unit converts each of the reflection points into three-dimensional coordinates. An extracting unit extracts stationary reflection points from the reflection points. An estimating unit uses a relational expression established among unknown parameters including a traveling direction vector and a moving speed of a moving body, three-dimensional coordinates of each of the stationary reflection points, and a relative speed of the stationary reflection point, to estimate the known parameters. A calculating unit determines an axial misalignment angle from the estimated unknown parameters.

Abstract: A flight management assembly for an aircraft includes at least one flight management system and at least one display device, the flight management system configured to manage at least one flight plan of the aircraft and one long-term reference path of the aircraft. The flight management assembly additionally includes an auxiliary computer, the auxiliary computer being separate from and independent of the flight management system, the auxiliary computer linked to the flight management system and to the display device, the auxiliary computer configured to perform prediction computations to generate at least one short-term path, from at least the long-term reference path received from the flight management system and from current flight parameters of the aircraft and from piloting setpoints of the aircraft.

Abstract: A user interface apparatus for a vehicle including an interface unit; a display; a camera configured to capture a forward view image of the vehicle and a processor configured to display a cropped area of the forward view image on the display in which an object is present in displayed cropped area, display a first augmented reality (AR) graphic object overlaid onto the object present in the displayed cropped area, change the cropped area based on driving situation information received through the interface unit, and change the first AR graphic object to a second AR object based on the driving situation information.

Abstract: An unmanned aerial vehicle intelligent emergency voice report system and method includes monitoring operational parameters of the UAV, monitoring environmental parameters within and external to the UAV, and processing the operational parameters and the environmental parameters, in a controller, to determine when the UAV is in an emergency condition. When the controller determines the UAV is in an emergency condition, the controller is used to: process the operational parameters to determine how the UAV will respond the emergency condition; automatically determine a communication transmission frequency; tune an onboard communication device to the communication transmission frequency; generate analog voice waveforms that provide information regarding the emergency condition; supply the analog voice waveforms to the onboard communication device; and command the onboard communication device to transmit the analog voice waveforms on the communication transmission frequency.

Abstract: An autonomous vehicle (AV) includes a vehicle computing system including one or more processors configured to receive map data associated with a map of a geographic location, receive pose data based on a pose estimate associated with a location of the autonomous vehicle, determine, based on the pose data, that the autonomous vehicle is on a coverage lane, and, in response to determining that the autonomous vehicle is on the coverage lane, determine one or more candidate lanes, generate a route plan, based on the one or more candidate lanes and a current lane, and control travel of the autonomous vehicle on the route plan. The map includes (i) a coverage lane where the autonomous vehicle can travel under a partially-autonomous mode or a manual mode, and (ii) an AV lane where the autonomous vehicle can travel under a fully-autonomous mode. The autonomous vehicle configured to determine a pose estimate in a submap of a plurality of submaps where an autonomous vehicle can travel.

Abstract: A moving object control apparatus includes an object detecting device that detects an object present around a moving object. The moving object control apparatus performs predetermined control based on a detection result of the object detecting device while the moving object is moving. In the moving object control apparatus a trajectory of a stationary object relative to the moving object is acquired and a moving direction of the moving object is acquired. An angle of axial displacement of a center axis of the object detecting device is calculated, as axial displacement information, based on the trajectory and the moving direction. The predetermined control is performed based on the axial displacement information. A regulating unit regulates reflecting the axial displacement information in the predetermined control if an absolute value of an angular acceleration around a center of gravity of the moving object is larger than a preset threshold value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining arrangement information for a vehicle (10). The arrangement information comprises a position of the vehicle (10) and an orientation of the vehicle (10) with respect to a stationary coordinate system. In the method, a local driving lane arrangement in the surroundings of the vehicle (10) is detected with sensors (14) of the vehicle (10). A first driving lane arrangement is determined with respect to the stationary coordinate system in dependence on the local driving lane arrangement and a previously determined arrangement information item for the vehicle. A second driving lane arrangement is determined with respect to the stationary coordinate system in dependence on predefined map material.

Abstract: Systems and methods for automated vehicle guidance based on coded lighting to enable automated vehicle following and/or regrouping. Systems use projectors to project temporal identifiers for space partitioned by pixel projections. Different space partition is associated with a different identifier. By using simple light sensors mounted on the vehicles, and decoding the sensed light signal, the vehicle can determine its precise location in the space relative to the coded light projector. This information may be used for precise vehicle guidance to enable vehicle following and/or regrouping. For vehicle following, the coded light projector is placed on a moving vehicle. For vehicle regrouping, the coded light projector may be placed on a ground or on a pole. Depending on the guidance precision requirements, the coded light precision may be adjusted by using light projectors with different resolutions.

Abstract: An autonomous vehicle (AV) includes a vehicle computing system including one or more processors configured to receive map data associated with a map of a geographic location, receive pose data based on a pose estimate associated with a location of the autonomous vehicle, determine, based on the pose data, that the autonomous vehicle is on a coverage lane, and, in response to determining that the autonomous vehicle is on the coverage lane, determine one or more candidate lanes, generate a route plan, based on the one or more candidate lanes and a current lane, and control travel of the autonomous vehicle on the route plan. The map includes (i) a coverage lane where the autonomous vehicle can travel under a partially-autonomous mode or a manual mode, and (ii) an AV lane where the autonomous vehicle can travel under a fully-autonomous mode. The autonomous vehicle configured to determine a pose estimate in a submap of a plurality of submaps where an autonomous vehicle can travel.

Abstract: An aerial system and method of operating an aerial system is provided. The aerial system includes a body, a lift mechanism, a processing system, a camera, and a sensor module. The lift mechanism is coupled to the body and configured to controllably provide lift and/or thrust. The processing system is configured to control the lift mechanism to provide flight to the aerial system. The camera is coupled to the body and is configured to obtain images of an environment proximate the aerial system. The sensor module is coupled to the body and includes an emitter and a receiver. The receiver is configured to sense data related to an ambient environment associated with the aerial system. The processing system controls a controllable parameter of the lift mechanism or the emitter as a function of the sensed data.

Abstract: An authentication system and method for an electronic governor of an unmanned aerial vehicle is disclosed. By employing reciprocative authentication and encryption mechanisms between a main control terminal and an electronic governor, the use of a modified electronic governor is prevented and thus the illegal use of UAVs is also prevented. Moreover, the provided electronic governor may be operated in dual-mode to extend its compatibility to conventional main control terminals.

Abstract: A method of controlling a vehicle including providing a system having a plurality of brakes and a curve detecting mechanism. Each brake of the plurality of brakes is configured to slow rotation of a respective wheel. The method further includes detecting a curve in a forward travel path of the vehicle using the curve detecting mechanism. At least two brakes but fewer than all of the plurality of brakes are pre-filled in response to the detection of a curve.

Abstract: A method, computer program and system are provided for calculating in an automatic manner a trajectory for rejoining a reference vertical profile of an aircraft. A reference vertical profile comprises a set of vertical constraints, and a method comprises a step of selecting an altitude constraint to be complied with, a step of calculating a vertical-profile prediction making it possible to comply with the constraint, a step of validating the vertical-profile prediction, if the vertical-profile prediction is validated, a step of applying the vertical-profile prediction, otherwise a step of determining the existence of a following altitude constraint to be complied with; if a following altitude constraint exists: a step of selecting a following altitude constraint to be complied with; a return to the step of detecting non-compliance with an altitude constraint; otherwise, a step of applying an exit procedure.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure are related to a method, apparatus, and system for planning a motion for a first vehicle, comprising: estimating past states of an observed second vehicle based on sensor inputs; predicting a future trajectory of the second vehicle based on the estimated past states; planning a future trajectory of the first vehicle based on the predicted future trajectory of the second vehicle and a safety cost function; and driving the first vehicle to follow the planned trajectory.

Abstract: A school-travel assistance system includes automobiles. The automobiles include communication modules configured to communicate with each other, and are configured to perform auto-driving. At least one of the automobiles includes a camera configured to detect the group of children. The automobiles perform assistance control (first and second assistance controls) in which they cooperatively assist movement of the group of children, while communicating with each other through the communication modules. The assistance control is control of assisting the movement of the group of children by the automobile traveling in front of the group of children and the automobile traveling behind the group of children.

Abstract: An aerial system and method of operating an aerial system is provided. The aerial system includes a body, a lift mechanism, a processing system, a camera, and a sensor module. The lift mechanism is coupled to the body and configured to controllably provide lift and/or thrust. The processing system is configured to control the lift mechanism to provide flight to the aerial system. The camera is coupled to the body and is configured to obtain images of an environment proximate the aerial system. The sensor module is coupled to the body and includes an emitter and a receiver. The receiver is configured to sense data related to an ambient environment associated with the aerial system. The processing system controls a controllable parameter of the lift mechanism or the emitter as a function of the sensed data.

Abstract: A method for aligning visual-inertial odometry (VIO) and satellite positioning system (SPS) reference frames includes obtaining a plurality of range-rate measurements of a mobile platform from an SPS. The range-rate measurements are with respect to a global reference frame of the SPS. The method also includes obtaining a plurality of VIO velocity measurements of the mobile platform from a VIO system. The VIO velocity measurements are with respect to a local reference frame of the VIO system. At least one orientation parameter is then determined to align the local reference frame with the global reference frame based on the range-rate measurements and the VIO velocity measurements.

Abstract: A system includes an unmanned vehicle (UV). A compliance unit receives sensor data from one or more sensors and compares the sensor data to a predetermined payload capacity threshold and a predetermined range capability threshold to determine compliance with a predetermined payload capacity and a predetermined range capability of the UV. The compliance unit generates a command to restrict the operation of the UV if the sensor data exceeds the predetermined payload capacity threshold and the predetermined range capability threshold of the UV.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a mobile device or a network device is configured to identify when a transit vehicle deviates from a transit path. The mobile device is configured to perform a positioning technique to generate data indicative of the location of a mobile device. Based on the location of the mobile device, a path is identified. The path is associated with an estimated path width based on the classification of the path and/or the accuracy of the positioning technique. A target route is calculated using the estimated path width. As the transit vehicle travels, the target route is compared to the location of the mobile device. If the mobile device and or transit vehicle deviates from the target route, a message is generated. The message may indicate that the transit vehicle is being re-routed and/or recommends the computation of a new path.

Abstract: An information system for automotive includes a plurality of on-vehicle devices each installed in a vehicle and a server device connected with the on-vehicle devices via a communication network. The plurality of on-vehicle devices each include an acceleration/deceleration change detection unit that detects an acceleration/deceleration change of the vehicle equipped with the on-vehicle device and a transmission unit that transmits acceleration/deceleration information pertaining to the detected acceleration/deceleration change. The server device includes a reception unit that receives the acceleration/deceleration information, a statistical parameter calculating unit that calculates statistical parameters to be used to estimate an extent of energy consumption or energy regeneration based upon the received acceleration/deceleration information, and an estimating unit for estimating the extent of energy consumption or energy regeneration based upon the calculated statistical parameters.

Abstract: A vehicle, a tool carriage assembly, and a system are disclosed. The vehicle includes drive wheels and a steering assembly which are responsive to control signal(s) to substantially correct a displacement error of the vehicle relative to an intended travel path. The tool carriage assembly includes a support section operatively mounted to a main body for relative movement. The support section is adapted to have mounted thereto a tool unit comprising a tool head. In response to a displacement error of the tool head relative to the intended travel path, the support section is responsive to one or more control signals to move relative to the main body to substantially correct the displacement error of the tool head. The system includes the vehicle having the tool carriage assembly mounted thereto, and a control system for controlling the correction of the displacement errors of the vehicle and the tool head.

Abstract: A materials handling vehicle implements a steer maneuver to hug an object. A controller on the vehicle receives sensor data from at least one sensing device and detects that a selected object is in an environment proximate the vehicle using the received sensor data. The controller performs a steer maneuver by causing the vehicle to steer such that the vehicle is substantially maintained at a desired distance from the selected object as the vehicle travels on a desired heading.

Abstract: Position calculating methods and devices are described. Satellite information may be calculated, which includes satellite position, satellite movement speed, and satellite movement direction of a positioning satellite. A pseudo distance between the positioning satellite and a user may be calculated based on a satellite signal received from the positioning satellite. The position of the user may be calculated using the satellite information and the pseudo distance in executing a convergence calculation with positioning information for a reference satellite, thereby eliminating a time error term from unknown quantities.

Abstract: According to navigation systems and methods, when a detected current position has deviated from a guidance route, a navigation device transmits a reroute calculation condition to an information distribution center including the current position and the destination. Based on the reroute calculation condition, the information distribution center determines whether a distance from the current position to a closest adjacent link is equal to or shorter than a predetermined distance. When the distance from the current position to the closest adjacent link is longer than the predetermined distance, the information distribution center distributes to the navigation device reroute prohibition information including information regarding the adjacent link and a maximum waiting time. The maximum waiting time is a time that must elapse before the navigation device can again transmit the reroute calculation condition.

Abstract: A method for controlling an agricultural vehicle system when moving along a course of travel over a field providing a field model correlating a field characteristic, e.g. a farmland condition such as farmland slope, or a crop condition such as crop density or moisture, to a specific location in the field, from the field model and at least one previously obtained value for the field characteristic, predicting a value for the field characteristic in front of the agricultural vehicle system thus obtaining an anticipated field characteristic, and; controlling the agricultural vehicle system at least partly in response to the anticipated field characteristic.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to maintain traditional information presentation in a manner that is consistent with existing training and safety methodology, but eliminates confusion generated when a display symbol is placed in a fully pegged position by positively indicating that the symbol is off-scale and not representing actual accurate information.

Abstract: A method of formulating a specification for temporal and vertical required navigation performance is described. The method assesses various flight management guidance systems methods and allows a specification to be set for an airport. The specification may be used to increase aircraft traffic into the airport. The specification sets limits on deviations in time and altitude, for example, on approach into arrivals at the airport. The method comprises: calculating temporal and vertical deviations from a reference trajectory for one or more flight management guidance methods for one or more aircraft types; and comparing the temporal and vertical deviations with operational requirements of the airport. The deviations from a reference trajectory may result from uncertainties affecting trajectory prediction, such as wind and temperature prediction accuracy.

Abstract: In an apparatus for controlling an unmanned autonomous operating vehicle having an electric motor supplied with power from a battery for operating an operating machine, and magnetic sensors for detecting intensity of a magnetic field of an area wire and controlled to run about in an operating area defined by the area wire through wheels driven by the prime movers to perform an operation using the operating machine and to return to a charging device installed on the area wire so as to charge the battery, there is provided with a turn-back portion formed by bending the area wire at an appropriate position and again bending the area wire to return in a same direction with a predetermined space so as to divide the operating area into a plurality of parts and vehicle running is controlled to be prohibited from going across the turn-back portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides system and method for creation of a road map, the system comprising a plurality of navigation devices; and an application server to receive from the plurality of navigation devices time series of location points, and to create a road map based on the time series of location points. The method comprising receiving location points from plurality of navigation devices, along with respective time stamps indicating the time of recordation of each of the location points; identifying at least one route according to the location points and respective time stamps; and creating a road map based on the at least one route.

Abstract: A wireless communication system for agricultural vehicles, in which each vehicle has a global positioning system (GPS), a multi-channel transmitter/receiver module having a limited communication range, and a signal processor connected to the transmitter/receiver module. The transmitter is controlled by the signal processor to transmit on a predetermined communication channel a signal comprising a unique vehicle identifier and a signal indicating the current positional coordinates of the vehicle. The signal processor also analyzes the signals received from other vehicles within the communication range and determines from the identifier and the positional coordinates data when another vehicle is ready to perform a joint operation with the vehicle. Prior to initiation of a joint operation, the communication system is switched to a different communication channel.

Abstract: Present novel and non-trivial systems and methods for validating single-channel tactical flight data in a multi-channel architecture are disclosed. Three single-channel monitors are disclosed along with a fourth, external monitor that is accessible to the multiple channels. A system could be comprised of a navigation data source, two or more communications channels, and an external display unit (“DU”), where each channel may be comprised of a flight management system (“FMS”), a DU, and a flight director (“FD”) system. In addition to the FMS performing two standard functions of calculating a lateral deviation (“LDEV”) and a roll command (“Roll Cmd”), a second LDEV/Roll Command calculator and a Roll Command Calculator are employed in DU and FD of same channel, respectively, to determine data validity. In addition, the FD and the symbologies of LDEV and Roll Cmd generated by the DU are also employed in the determination of data validity.

Abstract: A guidance apparatus for guiding to a predetermined orientation includes a detection section configured to detect a contact of an object via a contact surface; a measurement section configured to measure an orientation of the guidance apparatus; a calculation section configured to calculate a direction of the predetermined orientation relative to the orientation measured by the measurement section; and a vibration section configured to generate vibration if the contact of the object is detected by the detection section either within an area including the direction, or within another area other than the area including the direction, among a plurality of areas partitioning the contact surface.

Abstract: Systems and methods are for orienting a marine vessel having a marine propulsion device. A control circuit controls operation of the marine propulsion device. A user input device inputs to the control circuit a user-desired global position and a user-desired heading of the marine vessel. The control circuit calculates a position difference between the user-desired global position and an actual global position of the marine vessel and controls the marine propulsion device to minimize the position difference. The control circuit controls the marine propulsion device to orient an actual heading of the marine vessel towards the user-desired global position when the position difference is greater than a threshold. When the position difference is less than the threshold, the control circuit controls the marine propulsion device to minimize a difference between the actual heading and the user-desired heading while minimizing the position difference.

Abstract: Position finding system having a sensor unit and a transmitter unit. The sensor unit comprises a first RFID transponder reader unit, a first inductive detector unit, and an analysis unit connected to the RFID transponder reader unit and the inductive detector unit; the transmitter unit comprises an RFID transponder and a metallic material. The sensor unit is movable relative to the transmitter unit. The RFID transponder reader unit is configured for absolute position finding and outputs a first position value, and the inductive detector unit is configured for absolute position finding and outputs a second position value. The analysis unit is configured to determine, from the data acquired from the transmitter unit, an absolute position of the sensor unit from the first and second position values.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a mobile device or a network device is configured to identify when a transit vehicle deviates from a transit path. The mobile device is configured to perform a positioning technique to generate data indicative of the location of a mobile device. Based on the location of the mobile device, a path is identified. The path is associated with an estimated path width based on the classification of the path and/or the accuracy of the positioning technique. A target route is calculated using the estimated path width. As the transit vehicle travels, the target route is compared to the location of the mobile device. If the mobile device and or transit vehicle deviates from the target route, a message is generated. The message may indicate that the transit vehicle is being re-routed and/or recommends the computation of a new path.