Abstract: To record events, a vector A is taken of n measurements An. Each measurement An is converted into a binary vector Bn using a binning process. Measurements in vector Bn, are transformed using a kernel operation, to make a vector Cn. All vectors Cn are concatenated into a single vector D. A binary vector M is created with P bits set. A date and vector A are recorded against vector M in a database Z. Vector D is associated into a correlation matrix memory R against vector M. To recall events, the above steps are repeated up to concatenating all vectors Cn into single vector D. Vector D is then used to access a correlation matrix memory R to recall an association vector S, and vector S is applied directly or indirectly to database Z to recover the or each date associated with vector S. This may facilitate the monitoring of assets such as generators, gas turbines, motors, and larger assets such as trains, boats and planes, to ensure that they continue to operate reliably.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of displaying health information by an electronic device. The method includes: activating an application providing at least one piece of health-related information; identifying a user account pre-stored in the application and receiving health state measurement data of the user account; receiving pieces of health state measurement data of similar group accounts from a host device; determining an account with which to be compared among the similar group accounts based on a predetermined reference and identifying health state measurement data of the account with which to be compared; and displaying the health state measurement data of the user account and the health state measurement data of the account with which to be compared.

Abstract: A personalized data monitoring service is provided to users. Data from a user's devices is collected and compared to user-defined rules and to ranges. Notification messages may be sent to notify of the data. Data labels may be added to explain the data and any abnormal condition.

Abstract: Natural radio environments are virtualized to test radio devices. In one example, this is done by extracting signals and messages recorded in the field and injecting them in the operation of a protocol tester. In another example, the radio environment is reproduced by generating channel impulse responses in a ray-tracer, then interpolating them in a channel emulator and supporting the interpolation by means of post-processing. In another example, the radio environment is recorded using a mobile terminal in the field. In another example, natural radio environments are produced by reconstructing realistic cell loads and, as a consequence, intra-cell interference for a given device under test.

Abstract: Sensor devices and methods for producing corrected sensor vectors are disclosed. According to one embodiment, a method of correcting a sensor vector provided by a sensor includes determining a largest magnitude vector component of a sensor vector having N dimensions, and determining a sign of the largest magnitude vector component. The method further includes selecting a major region of interest of a look-up table based on the largest magnitude vector component of the sensor vector and the sign of the largest magnitude vector component, wherein the look-up table includes 2*N major regions of interest, and each major region of interest has a plurality of cells. A cell that is nearest to the sensor vector is selected, and a final corrective data cv is applied to the sensor vector to obtain a corrected sensor vector, wherein the final corrective data cv is associated with the selected cell.

Abstract: An integrated sensor-array processor and method includes sensor array time-domain input ports to receive sensor signals from time-domain sensors. A sensor transform engine (STE) creates sensor transform data from the sensor signals and applies sensor calibration adjustments. Transducer time-domain input ports receive time-domain transducer signals, and a transducer output transform engine (TTE) generates transducer output transform data from the transducer signals. A spatial filter engine (SFE) applies suppression coefficients to the sensor transform data, to suppress target signals received from noise locations and/or amplification locations. A blocking filter engine (BFE) applies subtraction coefficients to the sensor transform data, to subtract the target signals from the sensor transform data. A noise reduction filter engine (NRE) subtracts noise signals from the BFE output. An inverse transform engine (ITE) generates time-domain data from the NRE output.

Abstract: Systems and methods for coherent splitting of a matter wave for supporting a variety of applications and fundamental studies in the fields of matter wave momentum splitting and interferometry. The systems and methods utilize pulsed field gradients and Rabi transitions between internal energy states. A matter wave is transformed into a superposition of spatially separated propagating wavepackets and spatial interference fringes with measurable phase repeatability were measured as a proof for the coherence of the splitting. A continuously tunable wide range of momentum difference between wavepackets may be received by controlling only the duration and strength of the pulsed gradients. Achieving high phase stability and various splitting schemes using different geometries, fields and energy levels, as well as various interferometric applications are disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for sampling an indicator of the internal state of an embedded system or integrated circuit, where the indicator is sampled in a manner synchronous to the internal clock of the embedded system or integrated circuit. The resulting samples can be used for determining secret data within the embedded system or integrated circuit, detecting failures, or detecting counterfeit devices.

Abstract: A system and method for communicating with power tools using a universal protocol. The universal protocol may be implemented using a universal core module that is installed across a variety of power tools and other devices to enable communications therewith. Communications to and from the power tools are translated to a universal protocol once received. The translated communications are handled by the universal core module of a particular tool according to a set of rules. In response, the universal core module outputs communications according to the universal protocol and the set of rules, which may be translated to another protocol for receipt by components of the tool or an external device. The communications may be used, for example, to obtain tool performance data from the tools and to provide firmware updates.

Abstract: When a second pattern is to be generated by adding an event to a first pattern including events, an extraction program causes a computer to execute the following process based on combinations of events. That is, the extraction program causes the computer to generate the second pattern when the number of occurrence, in the second pattern, of each of the events included in the combinations is not more than a threshold. The extraction program causes the computer to calculate, based on data including a plurality of events, a frequency at which one or more of the generated second patterns occur in the data. The extraction program causes the computer to extract the second pattern having the frequency satisfying a predetermined condition. The extraction program causes the computer to add a new event to the extracted second pattern.

Abstract: An analyzer which analyzes an analyte by using the analyte and consumables, the analyzer comprising: an automatic reading device which reads a first product information related to a consumable via an identifier given to the consumable or a container containing the consumable; and a controller which permits an analysis operation when the first product information is suitable information read by the automatic reading device via the identifier, and prompts an operator to manually enter a second product information comprising information specifying the manufacturer or seller of the consumable when the automatic reading device cannot read the identifier or the information read via the identifier is not suitable as the first product information and permits the analysis operation and storage of the input second product information when the operator has entered the second product information.

Abstract: A device includes a signaling interface to receive OFDM signaling for an OFDM channel from a plurality of transmit nodes and an OFDM receiver process the OFDM signaling. The device further includes a channel allocation module to determine, for each transmit node, a corresponding SNR for each of a plurality of subchannels of the channel and to allocate, to each transmit node of the plurality of transmit nodes, a corresponding subset of subchannels of the plurality of subchannels. The channel allocation module further is to select, for each subset of subchannels, one or more subchannels for use as pilots by the corresponding transmit node based on the SNRs of the subchannels in the subset. The device further includes an OFDM transmitter to transmit configuration information to the plurality of transmit nodes, the configuration information representing the allocation of the subchannels and the selection of subchannels for use as pilots.

Abstract: A communication method for a wireless communication network in a vehicle is disclosed where the network includes a plurality of sensor nodes and a receiving node. The method includes wirelessly transmitting first sensor data from a first sensor node and second sensor data from a second sensor node using first and second frequency channels, and receiving the first and second sensor data at the receiving node. The method can include rearranging the order of transmitting sensor data, and aggregating sensor data at the sensor nodes. The method can include testing the quality of the wireless links; and using the links with the best quality whether indirect or direct links. The receiving node can simultaneously receive data from more than one node using different frequencies. The nodes can transmit data in parallel using different frequencies. The network can include helper nodes. The wireless communication network can be designed as a tree.

Abstract: A device includes a signaling interface to receive OFDM signaling for an OFDM channel from multiple transmit nodes, an OFDM receiver to process the OFDM signaling, and a channel allocation module. The channel allocation module allocates subchannels of the channel among transmit nodes by: determining, for each transmit node, a corresponding SNR for each of the subchannels; assigning to each transmit node a corresponding subset of buckets of a set of buckets, the number of buckets in the subset based on a data rate requirement of the transmit node; distributing subchannels among the buckets based on the SNRs of the subchannels; and, for each transmit node, allocating to the transmit node the subchannels distributed to the subset of buckets assigned to the transmit node. The device further includes an OFDM transmitter to transmit configuration information to the transmit nodes, the configuration information representing the allocation of the subchannels.

Abstract: An omnipolar magnetic sensor system includes an input stage and a behavior component. The input stage is configured to receive a source signal and to selectively chop the source signal. Further, the input stage is configured to balance the source signal using behavior parameters and generate a balanced source signal.

Abstract: A method for generating an embedding for a signal, which is invariant to an operator, by first measuring the signal with each vector from a set of measurement vectors to produce a corresponding set of coefficients, wherein the measuring compares and transforms each measurement vector and the signal using the operator. A set of one or more matching coefficients according to predefined criteria are selected. Then, the matching coefficients are combined to produce the embedding for the signal, wherein the embedding is operator invariant.

Abstract: In a method and a device for determining a physical quantity from a number of measured values containing errors, grouping of the number of measured values containing errors into a plurality of subgroups of measured values is executed, wherein each subgroup includes a redundancy, so that more measured values than the number of measured quantities are contained in each subgroup. Hereupon, a reliability quantity for each subgroup is calculated based on the redundancy contained in the subgroup. Further, individual evidence is allocated to the measured values containing errors of each subgroup based on the reliability quantity for the respective subgroups. An evidence determiner determines one overall evidence each for each measured value containing errors based on the individual evidence quantities for a respective measured value. Hereupon, a processor calculates the physical quantity using at least some of the measured values containing errors and at least some of the overall evidences.

Abstract: A method for predicting a change-point in continuous time-series data by computer includes accepting an input of continuous time-series data in past w periods; and determining whether or not a change-point in time-series appears in future k periods; wherein determining further includes determining, by a plurality of preliminary classifiers on the basis of the continuous time-series data in the past w periods and their respective preliminary classification rules, whether or not the change-point appears in future (k+i) periods, where i=0, 1, . . . , m; and determining, by a secondary classifier on the basis of determinations made by the plurality of preliminary classifiers and a secondary classification rule, whether or not the change-point appears in future c periods.

Abstract: A liquid container includes an ink chamber containing an ink to be supplied via a tube to a liquid ejecting head consuming the ink; an outlet port from which the ink contained in the ink chamber flows to the tube side; an injection port through which the ink can be injected into the ink chamber; and an air intake port taking air into the ink chamber from a further vertically upper position than a liquid level of the ink when the ink is contained in the ink chamber. If the ink equal to 5% of containing capacity containable in the ink chamber flows from the outlet port, the liquid container has an area where a fluctuation range of the liquid level of the ink inside the ink chamber becomes 5% or less of the cubic root of the containing capacity.

Abstract: A modeling framework for evaluating the impact of weather conditions on farming and harvest operations applies real-time, field-level weather data and forecasts of meteorological and climatological conditions together with user-provided and/or observed feedback of a present state of a harvest-related condition to agronomic models and to generate a plurality of harvest advisory outputs for precision agriculture. A harvest advisory model simulates and predicts the impacts of this weather information and user-provided and/or observed feedback in one or more physical, empirical, or artificial intelligence models of precision agriculture to analyze crops, plants, soils, and resulting agricultural commodities, and provides harvest advisory outputs to a diagnostic support tool for users to enhance farming and harvest decision-making, whether by providing pre-, post-, or in situ-harvest operations and crop analyzes.

Abstract: Encoding and decoding a video using transformation index that indicates information that indicates a structure of a transformation unit transforming data of a current coding unit.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a mode register set suitable for generating a first internal control signal and a second internal control signal, a per-DRAM addressability (PDA) driving unit suitable for resetting the mode register set in response to the first internal control signal and an input value of data inputted through a data pad, and a cycle redundancy check (CRC) driving unit suitable for performing a CRC operation by checking whether or not data are correctly inputted through the data pad without an error in response to the first internal control signal and the second internal control signal.

Abstract: A method of categorizing data points is described which, when combined with a clustering algorithm, provides groupings of data points that have an improved confidence interval. The method can be used to find an optimal number of groupings for a dataset, which in turn allows a user to categorize a group of data points for processing. In some examples, a dataset containing a number of data points may be accessed. Additionally, in some aspects, groupings of data points within the dataset may be grouped based at least in part on similarities between the data. Further, a number of groupings of data points may be adjusted so that the distance between the data points within one or more groupings of data points may fit within a confidence level.

Abstract: A spectroscopic sensor 1A comprises an interference filter unit 20A having a cavity layer 21 and first and second mirror layers 22, 23 and a light detection substrate 30 having a light-receiving surface 32a for receiving light transmitted through the interference filter unit 20A. The interference filter unit 20A has a first filter region 24 corresponding to the light-receiving surface 32a and a ring-shaped second filter region 25 surrounding the first filter region 24. The distance between the first and second mirror layers 22, 23 varies in the first filter region 24 and is fixed in the second filter region 25.

Abstract: A carrier assembly (100) comprises an IC package (200) and a carrier (300) for positioning the IC package (200), the IC package (200) includes a body portion (22), a die portion (21) extending upwardly from the body portion (22) and a ear portion (232) extending from the die portion (21), the ear portion (232) and the body portion (22) defines a space (231), the carrier (300) includes a first side (310), a second side (312) opposite to the first side (310), a position portion (343) extending from the first side (310) and a fixing portion (331) extending from the second side (312) positioned in the space (231) of the IC package (200) to position the IC package (200) on the carrier (300).

Abstract: An apparatus is provided. The apparatus comprises: an acquiring unit configured to acquire data generated at a predetermined period in accordance with driving of a conveyance unit configured to convey a printing medium; a first specify unit configured to specify an average value of the data based on a plurality of data acquired by the acquiring unit; a second specify unit configured to specify a conveyance velocity of the printing medium based on the average value of the data specified by the specify unit; a deciding unit configured to decide a number of data, used by the second specify unit, for specifying the average value of the data in accordance with the conveyance velocity specified by the second specify unit; and a control unit configured to control the conveyance unit using the average value of the data specified by the second specify unit as position data of the printing medium.

Abstract: Systems and methods for incident detection are provided. A system for incident detection includes a network including at least one detector for detecting events in the network, a detection module capable of processing data from the at least one detector, and a calibration module capable of calibrating a plurality of bands for the incident detection based on a plurality of decision variables, wherein the plurality of bands define thresholds that are time-varying for all measurement locations in the network, and the thresholds are estimated using nonparametric quantile regression.

Abstract: Systems and methods for incident detection are provided. A system for incident detection includes a network including at least one detector for detecting events in the network, a detection module capable of processing data from the at least one detector, and a calibration module capable of calibrating a plurality of bands for the incident detection based on a plurality of decision variables, wherein the plurality of bands define thresholds that are time-varying for all measurement locations in the network, and the thresholds are estimated using nonparametric quantile regression.

Abstract: A method for improving the chromatographic detection limit for an analyte including a) producing a chromatogram with a peak of the analyte, b) calculating a regression straight line for a baseline from measured values of a section without a peak in the chromatogram, c) calculating a regression function from measured values of the peak of the analyte, d) subtracting the regression function from the chromatogram, e) calculating a regression polynomial for the baseline from the values of the chromatogram which have been changed in step d), f) calculating a further regression function from the measured values of the peak in the produced chromatogram, g) calculating a peak area between the regression polynomial and the further regression function, h) repetition of step d) with the further regression function instead of the regression function and of steps e), f) and g), until the calculated peak area changes by less than a predetermined amount.

Abstract: Neuromorphic circuits are multi-cell networks configured to imitate the behavior of biological neural networks. A neuromorphic circuit is provided which comprises a network of neurons each identified by a neuron address in the network, each neuron being able to receive and process at least one input signal and then later emit on an output of the neuron a signal representing an event which occurs inside the neuron, and a programmable memory composed of elementary memories each associated with a respective neuron. The elementary memory, which is a memory of post-synaptic addresses and weights, comprises an activation input linked by a conductor to the output of the associated neuron to directly receive an event signal emitted by this neuron without passing through an address encoder or decoder. The post-synaptic addresses extracted from an elementary memory activated by a neuron are applied, with associated synaptic weights, as inputs to the neural network.

Abstract: System and methods are provided. In one embodiment, a system includes a master device comprising a first serial peripheral interface (SPI) port having only a first four wires. The system further includes a slave device comprising a second SPI port having only a second four wires. The system additionally includes a galvanic isolation barrier communicatively coupling the first four wires to the second four wires. The master device is configured to use the first four wires to transmit a plurality of signals representative of a reset and of a first communications mode. The first communications mode is used to transfer data between the master device and the slave device.

Abstract: A bar code reader (2) for a medical device (3) is configured to be attached to a central communication device (1) to which at least one medical device (3) is attachable. The bar code reader (2) comprises a bar code scanning device (21) for scanning a bar code (4), a processing device (22) for decoding the scanned bar code (4) to obtain decoded bar code data which is contained in the scanned bar code (4), and a connection line (24) for outputting the decoded bar code data to the central communication device (1). The processing device (22) herein is operative to decode bar codes (4) of different bar code types. Furthermore, the processing device (22) is configured to map the decoded bar code data to a predefined standardized output format and to output the decoded bar code data in the predefined standardized output format via the connection line (24).

Abstract: A method and system is provided for estimating proximity and accurately calculating the straight line distance between the communicating Bluetooth enabled portable communication devices. Particularly, the invention provides a method and system for capturing the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) values form at least one target communication device (204) by the reference communication device (202); calculating the constant values of properties of communication environment of the devices by utilizing captured received signal strength indicator (RSSI) values; and deriving accurate straight line distance between the reference communication device (202) and the target communication device (204) by utilizing calculated constant values of properties of communication environment of the devices.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system and a method for complementing a position of a vehicle and an apparatus for controlling complementing a position of a vehicle that select a representative vehicle within divided areas and complement a position of an own vehicle from a representative vehicle by using a DGPS complementation signal received through vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication.

Abstract: An MOS type solid state imaging device in which unit pixels 10 each having a photodiode 11, a transfer transistor 12 for transferring the signal of the photodiode 11 to a floating node N11, an amplifier transistor 13 for outputting the signal of the floating node N11 to a vertical signal line 22, and a reset transistor 14 for resetting the floating node N11 are arrayed in a matrix and in which a gate voltage of the reset transistor 14 is controlled by three values of a power source potential (for example 3V), a ground potential (0V), and a negative power source potential (for example ?1V).

Abstract: Provided is a method and apparatus for encoding a video by using dynamic range transformation based on content and a method and apparatus for decoding a video by using dynamic range transformation based on content. The encoding method includes: performing inter prediction, through motion estimation, and intra prediction for a current region using image data in which a dynamic range of the current region is transformed based on content of an image of input video; performing transformation on residual data generated by the intra prediction and the inter prediction and performing quantization on a transformation coefficient generated by the transformation; and performing entropy encoding on the quantized transformation coefficient.

Abstract: A tactile surface texture method including: measuring at least one force perceived by a force sensor during a relative movement of the sensor with respect to a surface to be characterized; calculating one or more time and/or frequency parameters of an output signal transmitted by the sensor representative of the previously measured force; determining a value of a tactile descriptor of multiple tactile descriptors through application of a continuous transfer function to the previously calculated parameters, the transfer function being previously determined by regression from a learning database associating, for each descriptor, plural values of the tactile descriptor with plural values of one or more time and/or frequency parameters calculated from measurements made by the force sensor on multiple test surfaces representative of values of the tactile descriptor in question.

Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product for minimizing surprisal context data. The method includes the steps of: identifying characteristics of a data event; receiving an input of rank of at least two identified characteristics of the data event; generating a hierarchy of ranked, identified characteristics based on the rank of the identified characteristics of the data event; and comparing the hierarchy of ranked, identified characteristics to a repository of characteristic context patterns. If at least one reference artifact of the characteristic context pattern matches the hierarchy of ranked, identified characteristics, the characteristic context pattern is broken into pieces, storing the pieces that matched the hierarchy. The stored pieces are then combined into a surprisal context filter pattern with context determined to be probabilistically present within a specified degree of certainty in a data input and compared to a data input of data events to detect anomalous events.

Abstract: Encoding and decoding a video using transformation index that indicates information that indicates a structure of a transformation unit transforming data of a current coding unit.

Abstract: A handheld measurement device incorporating both a data collector and an analyzer is disclosed. The data collector of the device receives one or more external input signals and stores the data collected for later retrieval and analysis. In one embodiment these input signals are received from sensors used to collect measurements in machine systems for predictive maintenance purposes. The analyzer using software routines in accordance with a method of the present invention retrieves and processes the collected data using filtering techniques and performs calculations that determine the absence or presence of a machine system defect. Additionally, the handheld measurement device includes a display for providing a user with one or more different visual presentations of the calculated results with respect to the collected measured data or alternatively provides the user the option of transferring the calculated results either directly or wirelessly to the display used with any other computer system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cooking control device that comprises sensors (120) and a communication unit (145) to communicate with a display processing device (170). In this manner, taste values of the cooking substance reflecting the current status of the cooking process can be compared with pre-stored taste values representative of a desired cooking result and seasoning advice according to a recipe can be established and presented to a user to converge the cooking status with the desired cooking result.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for monitoring parameters within a system. A plurality of sensors each monitor at least one parameter associated with the system. A controller is configured to receive a signal representing the monitored at least one parameter from each of the plurality of sensors and adjust a function of the system based on the received signal. Respective discrete wavelet transform components are associated with each of the plurality of sensors. Each of the discrete wavelet transform components is configured to provide a set of discrete wavelet transform coefficients, representing a content of the signal for its associated sensor, to a discrete wavelet transform monitoring component.

Abstract: To provide an X-ray imaging apparatus capable of easily adjusting the sensitivity or capable of easily extracting the amount of refraction of X-rays. An X-ray imaging apparatus irradiating an object to be measured with an X-ray beam from an X-ray source that generates X-rays of a first energy and X-rays of a second energy different from the first energy to measure an image of the object to be measured includes an attenuator and a detector. The attenuator attenuates the X-ray beam transmitted through the object to be measured and is configured so as to vary the amount of attenuation of the X-rays depending on a position on which the X-ray beam is incident. The detector detects the X-ray beam transmitted through the attenuator and is configured so as to detect the X-rays of the first energy and the second energy.

Abstract: A selection method for a strong wind region composite insulator based on structure parameters, and a composite insulator are disclosed. When a selection is made among a plurality of composite insulators according to the selection method, structure parameters of the composite insulators are measured first, and then the selection is made according to certain ranges of the parameters, a selected composite insulator is tested, and it is found that it may withstand strong wind climate environments where the highest wind speed reaches 50 m/s. The composite insulator is a composite insulator having corresponding structure parameters. The selection method is easy to operate and implement. When the composite insulator is applied to a strong wind region where the highest wind speed reaches 50 m/s, the problem of violent oscillation of umbrella skirts or tear of the umbrella skirts does not occur, and the composite insulator may still operate reliably.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a method associating received coefficient of friction data to runway friction estimation map elements. Also, the method may include aggregating the received determined coefficient of friction data into a friction estimation map.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating crystal efficiency correction factors by performing a normalization calibration based on delayed data. The method and apparatus obtain delayed data from a scan of a patient using a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanner, generate a sinogram from the obtained delayed data, determine, using a processing circuit, mean fan and block line of response sensitivities from the generated sinogram, determine, using the processing circuit, mean detector efficiency based on the determined mean fan and block line of response sensitivities, determine, using the processing circuit, an individual crystal efficiency based on the determined mean fan and block line of response sensitivities and the mean detector efficiency for each module, and calculate the crystal efficiency correction factors based on the determined individual crystal efficiency of each module.

Abstract: Methods and devices for reconstructing coefficient levels from a bitstream of encoded video data for a coefficient group in a transform unit, using adaptive-threshold-based level coding. Threshold is set based upon level information from one or more previously-reconstructed coefficient groups in the transform unit. Threshold may be maximum number of level flags to decode for the coefficient group. Level information may include number of level flags decoded in previous coefficient groups. Previously-reconstructed coefficient groups may include coefficient group to the right and below the current coefficient group.

Abstract: A device (1) for detecting and processing signals relating to partial electrical discharges in an electrical apparatus (2) powered by a square-wave (3) voltage modulated by a modulating wave (4) in such a way as to form an alternating voltage of predetermined frequency, comprises: a sensor (5) connectable to the apparatus (2) for detecting a discharge signal (6) representing the electrical pulses generated by the partial discharges; a processing unit (7) connected to the sensor (5) to receive the discharge signal (6) and derive the detection instants of each of the pulses detected with respect to a predetermined time reference, a synchronization module (8) designed to receive an electrical signal (9) representing the power supply voltage and equipped with a filter (10) configured for extracting from said power supply signal (9) a signal (11) representing the modulating wave (4), the processing unit (7) being configured for associating with the pulses detected the values of a phase parameter (f) representing t

Abstract: A system and method for generating forest fire operations data and storing the operations data for use in modeling. An exemplary system comprises one or more location tracking module linked to each of a plurality of airtankers, each location tracking module operable to generate location data corresponding to tracking the location of the airtanker in real time or near real time, and a processing module operable to generate the operations data from the collected location data.

Abstract: A method that includes obtaining, using a processor, reflectance data from a target coating and calculating, using the processor, electrostatics data from the reflectance data. The method also includes generating, using the processor, a coating formulation that is the same or substantially similar in appearance to the target coating.