Abstract: Calcium cyanamide fertilizer compositions and methods for their use are disclosed. The compositions and methods stabilize active ionic compositions comprising calcium cyanamide and enhance the effectiveness of calcium cyanamide alone or synergistically in combination with nitrogen containing materials such as urea and organics, for example, manures. The compositions and methods also facilitate controllable site directed delivery of the contents of the stabilized compositions. The compositions and methods are effective for fertilizing, soil amending, metal stabilizing and odor and organism inhibition. The compositions are stable, easily calibrated, and non-clogging for spray delivery to target sites.

Abstract: Compositions having a core and a coating that covers at least part of the core, where the core comprises a mixture of at least one oil field chemical and at least one core matrix polymer are described. The composition provides a slower release of an oil field chemical into an eluent compared to the release provide by the core. The compositions provide for the controlled release of tracer over long periods of time than is provided by the release from the core. Methods of making the compositions and systems containing the compositions are described. Methods of tracing the movement of fluid in a hydrocarbon reservoir using the compositions and methods of releasing biocides and other well treatment agents into reservoir fluids over time are also described.

Abstract: A method for producing urea granules having low moisture absorption capacity, with a urea granulator, having a granule flow inlet side and oppositely a granule flow outlet side, forming an axis alongside which granules from a urea solution and a urea/ammonium salt-stream are formed, whereby the solution and the salt-stream are sprayed as a mixture or separately via a feed system unit via various nozzles into the granulator onto a seed material. In this process the highest amount of the salt-stream is sprayed into the granulator at the granule flow inlet side and the amount of the salt-stream is decreased alongside the axis of the granulator from the granule flow inlet side to the granule flow outlet side.

Abstract: A suspended nutrition composition includes a foamed material, a colloid layer and a nutrient. The foamed material having a plurality of pores includes a starch, a biodegradable polyester and a plasticizer. The pores are formed by bubbles produced from a physical foaming agent. The colloid layer covers a surface of the foamed material. The nutrient is dispersed in the foamed material.

Abstract: This invention relates to a coating composition for a fertilizer comprising at least 50 wt % of a cross-linked lipid; and less than 0.20 wt %, relative to the total weight of the lipid, of a catalyst for cross-linking an unsaturated lipid. The cross-linked lipid has a viscosity at 20 degree Celsius (° C.) in the range of 110 and 800 mPa·s.

Abstract: A controlled release fertilizer material comprising a particulate plant nutrient surrounded by a coating including a mixture of a cross-linked polyol and an isocyanate, and optionally a wax, is described. In some embodiments, the cross-linked polyol can be cross-linked with sulfur, oxygen, and/or a peroxide cross-linking moiety. In one embodiment the cross-linked polyol is castor oil cross-linked with sulfur.

Abstract: A controlled release fertilizer material comprising a particulate plant nutrient surrounded by a coating which is the reaction product of a mixture including a cross-linked polyol, an isocyanate and a wax is described. The cross-linked polyol is a reaction product of a polyhydroxyl compound, such as glycerol, and a triglyceride and the monoglyceride and/or diglyceride products are cross-linked with sulfur, oxygen and/or a peroxide cross-linking moiety, or are directly cross-linked at unsaturated sites in the monoglycerides and/or diglycerides.

Abstract: A dry, flowable fertilizer is provided that includes multiple dry, flowable biosolids pellets. Each of the pellets has a pellet surface. Potassium salt grains are adhered to the pellet surfaces and a dust control agent coating is applied to retain the grains on the pellet surfaces. The resultant dry, flowable fertilizer has higher potassium loadings to the potassium salt grains than previous biosolids based fertilizers. A process of forming a fertilizer is also provided that includes tumbling dry, flowable biosolids pellets with powdered potassium salt grains to form a mixture. An aqueous spray is added to adhere the salt grains to the pellet surfaces. With the application of a dust control agent, the salt grains are retained. Potassium levels in NPK units of from 1 to 15 are routinely achieved with greater than 90 elemental % of the potassium is from the surface decorating potassium salt grains.

Abstract: Coated fertilizer wherein the fertilizer and animal feed comprises particles coated with a biomass composition comprising 5-35 wt. % solid biomass particles with a D50 between 0 and 250 ?m and a D90 of less than 400 ?m and 95-65 wt. % oil, a biomass composition wherein the biomass composition comprises solid biomass particles with a D50 between 0 and 250 ?m and a D30 of less than 400 ?m and a process for the production of a biomass composition wherein a biomass composition comprising solid particles having a D50 between 100 and 1000 ?m is filtrated and the residue is grinded until the solid particles have a D50 between 0 and 250 ?m and a D90 of less than 400 ?m.

Abstract: The invention provides polyester polyol compositions and resin blends, useful as components of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate polymers, produced from cyclohexane oxidation reaction byproducts, such as water extracts and non-volatile distillation residues from the reaction. Such byproducts of industrial processes for preparation of adipic acid and caprolactam, important intermediates in the production of various types of nylon, have hitherto largely been used only as fuels. The present invention provides value-added products, methods for making, and methods for using the byproduct-derived polyester polyol compositions. For example, the invention provides polyurethane (PU) and/or polyisocyanurate (PIR) polymers made using the polyol compositions and polyfunctional isocyanates. The PU and PIR polymers can be used as adhesives, binders (e.g., for wood fibers), coatings (e.g., for controlled release fertilizers), and foams.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fertilizer granule containing ammonium nitrate, comprising a core containing ammonium nitrate and a coating layer containing calcium sulphate. The coating layer consists of a mixture containing calcium sulphate and ammonium nitrate. Such a fertilizer granule is preferably produced by contacting the core with an aqueous ammonium nitrate solution and solid calcium sulphate particles, either as a slurry or separately. The production of the fertilizer granule is safe and easy.

Abstract: A value-added granulated organic fertilizer produced from poultry litter and biosolids using agglomeration techniques with a pin mixer. The granulated organic fertilizer includes granules biosolids, a nitrification inhibitor, such as dicyandiamide, and a binding agent, such as lignosulfonate, urea formaldehyde, or water. The nitrogen concentration of the granulated organic fertilizer is increased by being fortified with urea. The poultry litter and biosolids formulated into the granulated organic fertilizer aid in flowability, storage, and spreading, while value-added plant nutrient ingredients provide an environmentally safer fertilizer than fresh poultry litter, municipal biosolids and/or many commercially available products commonly used in urban and agricultural systems. The binding agents change the fertilizer granule water soluble phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations and reduce fines and dust.

Abstract: A fertilizer granule contains, as a binder, at least one organic polymer. The organic polymer is a hydrosoluble polymer that is at least partially cationic.

Abstract: A particle is provided with simultaneous delivery of a fertilizer and an active agent that when adhered to foliage causes a chemical burn thereto. A hydrophobic coating is provided intermediate between the fertilizer core and the active agent to inhibit moisture absorption by the particle that renders the particle tacky and therefore adherent to target foliage. The active agent granule is adhered to the hydrophobic coating or at least partially embedded therein based on the nature of the formation process. The particle is also provided that includes a second fertilizer layer exterior to the hydrophobic coating with the second fertilizer layer is substantially devoid of water soluble nitrogen compounds. Active agent granules are then adhered to the second fertilizer layer. The resultant particles reduce chemical burning associated with combined fertilizer and active agent usage, especially under dispersant conditions of high temperature and high humidity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coated granular material, wherein the coating is a resin, comprising the reaction producing of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of cardol, cardanol or derivatives or oligomers of these compounds with an isocyanate component, and to a method for the preparation thereof. Water-soluble granular materials are suitable as substances to be coated. Examples of granular substances are fertilizers, crop protection agents, insecticides, pesticides, fungicides, drying agents and mixtures thereof. The substance coated according to the invention has advantageous properties since the resin can be applied in a selective and economical manner to the substrates due to its low tackiness. In particular, coated fertilizer granulates are advantageous in that, with regard to the applied amount of fertilizer, they can provide more nutrients to the plant.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for enhancing the plant nutrient value of relatively low analysis organic waste material (e.g. sewage sludge) involves treating the waste material with an acid and base in a pipe-cross reactor or tubular to form a melt; spraying the melt onto a recycling bed of fines in a granulator and flashing off the water contained in the melt as steam; rolling the melt onto recycled fine particles in a granulator to form granulated particles; and drying these granulated particles in a to form an enhanced plant nutrient value composition (e.g. a fertilizer or soil conditioner having a greater NPK value than the original relatively low analysis organic waste material). The process further includes drawing off the fumes from the granulator, passing them through a dryer with the granulated particles, and subsequently oxidizing the fumes to eliminate volatile organic compounds and/or gaseous hydrocarbon pollutants be converting such into carbon dioxide and water vapor.

Abstract: Modified fertilizer materials are produced, comprising a) at least one fertilizer granule coated with a dispersant to form at least one fertilizer granule-dispersant particle, b) a dispersant, which comprises at least one agrochemical blended with at least one powder, and c) an overcoating material that is applied to the at least one fertilizer granule-dispersant particle. Methods of producing a modified fertilizer materials comprise: a) providing at least one fertilizer granule, b) providing a dispersant that comprises at least one agrochemical blended with at least one powder, c) providing an overcoating material, d) applying the dispersant to the at least one fertilizer granule to form at least one fertilizer granule-dispersant particle, and e) applying the overcoating material to the at least one fertilizer granule-dispersant particle to form the modified fertilizer material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for making formulated nitrogenous and complex fertilizers, in granule form, suitable for slowly releasing nitrogen, comprising the steps of preparing an aqueous urea/formaldehyde dispersion with a molar ratio from 0.8:1 to 2:1, adding an aqueous catalyzer solution in a weight ratio from 0.1 to 4%, controlling the pH of the aqueous dispersion to hold it within a range from 4.0 to 7.0, and supplying the aqueous dispersion to a recirculating granulating device, as a growth seed.

Abstract: An insecticidal fertilizer composition is prepared by contacting a solid fertilizer with a solution of a nicotinyl insecticide. The nicotinyl insecticide solution can be imidacloprid in a solvent, such as dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, and mixtures thereof. The solution contains at least about 10 wt % of the insecticide in solution to attain a solid, particulate fertilizer containing at least about 0.1 wt % of the insecticide.

Abstract: A controlled release product is provided having a suppressed initial release period and a predetermined longevity. The product includes a particulate water soluble core material and a semi-permeable coating layer applied on the core material for controlling the release rate of the core material.

Abstract: Coatings for agricultural grade fertilizer particles and industrial grade ammonium nitrate are provided which when applied to particles form a protective film which acts as a barrier to inhibit or prevent hydrocarbon infiltration of the fertilizer particle pores and also to physically separate the fertilizer particles and hydrocarbon materials. In so doing, the coating greatly reduces the efficacy of the fertilizer particles as an oxidizing agent for use in incendiary devices, thereby deterring or preventing the use of agricultural grade fertilizers or industrial grade ammonium nitrate in creating weapons of terror.

Abstract: An edible, hardenable coating composition is disclosed which comprises high levels of low viscosity propylene glycol alginate and a surfactant, which may additionally contain a filler, a pigment, and optionally a small amount of a secondary film former and/or a strengthening polymer. The coating composition of the present invention may be applied to pharmaceutical and veterinary solid dosage forms, confectionery, seeds, animal feed, fertilizers, pesticide tablets, and foods and provides an elegant prompt release coating which does not retard the release of active ingredients from the coated substrate.

Abstract: This invention relates to the production and use of encapsulated and/or concentrically-constructed fertilizer or bioremediation granules such as, for example, granules of 0.5 mm to 10 mm in diameter constructed so that there are at least two components to the granule including a core with a surrounding capsule or a core with one or more concentric layers that are distinguishable from the core with respect to nutrient content, density, hardness, solubility, composition, microbial content and permeability, as in permeability to odors or the permeability of nutrients that might volatize to the atmosphere or leach into the soil. The basic idea was to create a method for manufacturing and using fertilizer granules, which incorporate multiple concentric layers or a core plus an encapsulating outer layer.

Abstract: Volatility-inhibited fertilizers are prepared by coating granular urea with a coating that includes a binding agent having a boron anion and a hydrogen bonding group to adhere the binding agent to the granular urea. The binding agent may be an amino alcohol borate in which the amino alcohol is selected from the group consisting of ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and mixtures thereof, or a borate of an amino alcohol complex of a divalent metal. The borates are preferably prepared as an aqueous solution of the amino alcohol and boric acid, or the amino alcohol, a divalent metal salt, and boric acid, with the aqueous solution being applied to the urea granules. Additional plant nutrients may also be coated onto the urea granules.

Abstract: A method of wet granulation of fertilizer and other materials into granules. The method involves formation of the granule directly on the pan from the feedstock without intermediate steps or the use of seed materials. The result is a product having a completely uniform cross section. The feedstock is initially in the size distribution of −150 mesh with 90% or greater in the size range of 200 mesh. Moisture is maintained to facilitate a steady process without cycling. The method has the advantage of allowing granulation of materials either known to be hazardous or inherently difficult to granulate in a safe and expedient manner. The process permits the formation of multiple feedstock granules. The initial feedstock may be augmented with a different feedstock in a second pan having a different composition and size from the initial feedstock.

Abstract: Coating compositions containing an oxidized oil and an effective amount of a diluent selected from one of: the group of methyl and ethyl esters of fatty acids, oils and combinations thereof; the group of glycerol and polyglycerol esters of fatty acids, oils, and combinations thereof; and light petroleum oil with a viscosity from about 1 cP to about 100 cP at 100° F., wherein the coating composition has a viscosity of from about 3 cP to about 5000 cP at 140° F., and wherein the coating composition is effective for reducing dust formation and cake formation in the coated free-flowing dry material. The coating compositions and associated methods of the present invention are particularly suited to reduce dust formation and cake formation in free-flowing dry materials.

Abstract: A controlled release product is provided having a suppressed initial release period and a predetermined longevity. The product includes a particulate water soluble core material and a semi-permeable coating layer applied on the core material for controlling the release rate of the core material.

Abstract: A method of stimulating root growth of seeds is disclosed in which seeds are treated with an effective amount of an aqueous ammoniacal ionic solution of metal alkanoates. Alkanoates having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms are preferred, with acetates most preferred. Metals selected from the group consisting of boron, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, potassium, sodium and zinc are preferred, with zinc particularly preferred. In one embodiment, an aqueous ammoniacal ionic solution of zinc acetate is applied to seeds in-furrow. In another embodiment, seeds are treated with an aqueous ammoniacal ionic solution of zinc acetate prior to planting. In yet another embodiment, an aqueous ammoniacal ionic solution of zinc acetate is mixed with an insecticide and resulting solution applied to seeds in-furrow.

Abstract: Method of granulating compost for the formulation of fertilizers. In one embodiment, the compost is ground to dust and pan granulated. A variety of ancillary materials may be incorporated into the compost mix for a wide range of possible applications. An embodiment is provided where agricultural seeds may be encapsulated in compost to enhance the quality of seed and reduce wastage during planting.

Abstract: Calcium cyanamide compositions and methods for their use are disclosed. The compositions and methods stabilize active ionic compositions comprising calcium cyanamide and enhance the effectiveness of calcium cyanamide alone or synergistically in combination with nitrogen containing materials such as urea and organics, for example, manures. The compositions and methods also facilitate controllable site directed delivery of the contents of the stabilized compositions. The compositions and methods are effective for fertilizing, soil amending, metal stabilizing and odor and organism inhibition. The compositions are stable, easily calibrated, and non-clogging for spray delivery to target sites.

Abstract: The present invention provides a granular fertilizer which is coated with a water-insoluble material layer (first water-insoluble material layer), a thermosetting resin layer (first thermosetting resin layer), a water-insoluble material layer (second water-insoluble material layer) and a thermosetting resin layer (second thermosetting resin layer) from inner to outer layers, and it can release fertilizer ingredients for a long time, by a smaller amount of coating materials than known coated fertilizers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a granular fertilizer which is coated with a thermosetting resin layer (first thermosetting resin layer), a water-insoluble material layer and a thermosetting resin layer (second thermosetting resin layer) from inner to outer layers, and it can release fertilizer ingredients for a long time, by a smaller amount of coating materials than known coated fertilizers.

Abstract: A coated granular fertilizer which comprises a degradable film containing 10% by weight or more of a polyolefin and/or petroleum wax having a weight-average molecular weight of 300-10,000 and an inorganic filler and/or a surface active agent and a granular fertilizer coated with said degradable film.

Abstract: A method of wet granulation of fertilizer and other materials into granules. The method involves formation of the granule directly on the pan from the feedstock without intermediate steps or the use of seed materials. The result is a product having a completely uniform cross section. The feedstock is initially in the size distribution of −150 mesh with 90% or greater in the size range of 200 mesh. Moisture is maintained to facilitate a steady process without cycling.

Abstract: This invention relates to the production and use of encapsulated and/or concentrically-constructed fertilizer or bioremediation granules such as, for example, granules of 0.5 mm to 10 mm in diameter constructed so that there are at least two components to the granule including a core with a surrounding capsule or a core with one or more concentric layers that are distinguishable from the core with respect to nutrient content, density, hardness, solubility, composition, microbial content and permeability, as in permeability to odors or the permeability of nutrients that might volatize to the atmosphere or leach into the soil. The basic idea was to create a method for manufacturing and using fertilizer granules, which incorporate multiple concentric layers or a core plus an encapsulating outer layer.

Abstract: A method of stimulating root growth of seeds is disclosed in which seeds are treated with an effective amount of an aqueous ammoniacal ionic solution of metal alkanoates. Alkanoates having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms are preferred, with acetates most preferred. Metals selected from the group consisting of boron, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, potassium, sodium and zinc are preferred, with zinc particularly preferred. In one embodiment, an aqueous ammoniacal ionic solution of zinc acetate is applied to seeds in-furrow. In another embodiment, seeds are treated with an aqueous ammoniacal ionic solution of zinc acetate prior to planting. In yet another embodiment, an aqueous ammoniacal ionic solution of zinc acetate is mixed with an insecticide and resulting solution applied to seeds in-furrow.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a controlled-release coated fertilizer which provides few floats when applied in water, gives uniform coat and makes it possible to release fertilizer ingredient constantly in a short time at ordinary temperature to low temperature. The method comprises adding water-absorptive polymer to granular fertilizer and then coating it with at least one urethane resin layer.

Abstract: A fertilizer composition that includes a plurality of particles in which the particles feature a plurality of sulfur platelets embedded within a fertilizer portion, and a method for preparing this composition in which fertilizer-containing particles are sprayed first with a sulfur spray, and then with a slurry containing fertilizer or a precursor thereof, followed by curing.

Abstract: An improved process for enhancing the plant nutrient value of relatively low analysis organic waste material (e.g., sewage sludge) involves treating the waste material with an acid and base in a pipe-cross reactor. The process more particularly involves mixing the waste material with water to form a slurry (or initially taking the waste material as a slurry); pumping the slurry to a pipe-cross reactor for reaction with a base, acid, and water to form a melt; spraying the melt onto a recycling bed of fines in a granulator, and flashing off the water contained in the melt as steam; rolling the melt onto recycled fine particles in a granulator to form granulated particles; and drying these granulated particles to form an enhanced plant nutrient value composition (e.g., a fertilizer or soil conditioner having a greater “NPK” value than the original relatively low analysis organic waste material).

Abstract: A pregerminated rice seed comprising a plant growth regulator, optionally further comprising a phytoprotection product, especially an insecticide.

Abstract: Provided is a granular fertilizer coated with a thermosetting resin coating, characterized in that a dissolution rate of the fertilizer is retarded by containing a hydrophobic compound in at least one of the coating portion and the fertilizer portion thereof. The dissolution rate is further retarded than that of a conventional granular coated fertilizer coated with a thermosetting resin.