Abstract: Computer-implemented methods, software, and systems for managing containerized applications are described. An event associated with a containerized application are described is detected. A collection of files associated with resources for the containerized application and descriptor information for executing a lifecycle operation for the containerized application is received in response to the detected event. An execution of the lifecycle operation associated with the detected event is invoked at a node cluster of a container runtime environment, wherein the execution of the lifecycle operation is based on the collection of files, the descriptor information, and a solution image associated with the containerized application, wherein the solution image is determined based on the descriptor information.

Abstract: Embodiments of a device and method are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method for network device troubleshooting involves at a cloud server, connecting to a neighboring network device of a faulty network device, where the neighboring network device and the faulty network device are located within a network deployed at a customer site, and where the neighboring network device communicates with the faulty network device according to a short-range wireless communications protocol, and at the cloud server, performing a network device troubleshooting operation on the faulty network device using the neighboring network device as a proxy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a computer-implemented system for recovering data in case of a computer network failure. The invention also relates to a computer-implemented method for recovering data in case of a computer network failure, preferably by making use of the computer-implemented system according to the invention. The invention further relates to a non-transitory computer-readable program storage device, comprising computer readable instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the computer-implemented method according to the invention.

Abstract: An event processing system may identify duplicate events and prevent one or more of the duplicate events from being processed. The event processing system may determine the duplicate events, which are not permitted to be processed more than once, and allow these duplicate events to be processed exactly once. The event processing system may allow events, which are permitted to be processed more than once, to be processed without determining whether the events are duplicate events. If a main data center of the event processing system fails, a backup data center may take over instantly event processing from the main data center and may prevent events that have been processed by the main data center from being processed. Multiple data centers may work together and process events in an active-active mode by offering the exactly once processing as well as removing any duplicate events from upstream systems.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for proactively and adaptively rerouting data to a healthier path through network, as part of flow provisioning, based on environmental variables associated with devices in the network. The present technology includes identifying a routing path for forwarding traffic flows in a network, receiving diagnostic data of a routing device on the routing path. The diagnostic data include one or more environmental parameters associated with internal state and surroundings of the routing device. Further, the present technology includes comparing the diagnostic data of the routing device with a predetermined threshold and modifying, prior to a failure of the routing device, the routing path to bypass the routing device for at least a portion of the traffic flows based on the comparison between the diagnostic data of the routing device and the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: An edge device operates in an online mode of operation during a first period of time, wherein during the online mode of operation, the edge device obtains broadcast-related information originating from media automation applications. The edge device operates in a local mode of operation during a second period of time, wherein during the local mode of operation the edge device obtains locally stored broadcast-related information, and emulates services provided by the media automation applications. The edge device operates in a disaster recovery mode of operation during recovery from the local mode of operation, wherein during the disaster recovery mode of operation the edge device obtains stored broadcast-related information from a content recovery database.

Abstract: Techniques are described for enabling model-driven server migration workflows in a cloud provider network. Cloud provider networks often provide various types of tools and services that enable users to migrate computing resources (e.g., servers, databases, applications, etc.) from users' on-premises computing environments to a cloud provider network. A model-driven server migration service as described herein comprises a plurality of modular migration components including, e.g., a snapshot validation component, a snapshot conversion component, an injection component, etc. The model-driven server migration service enables users to customize server migration workflows using server migration templates containing descriptive configurations for some or all of the provided migration components.

Abstract: Various methods, apparatuses/systems, and media for implementing a smart failover module is disclosed. A processor detects an application specific system fault or degradation event in a first availability zone (AZ) on which an application is running during normal runtime of the application; determines, in response to detecting the application specific system fault or degradation event, whether the application includes an active-passive application infrastructure in which the first AZ is paired with a passive AZ; enables traffic, in connection with running or deployment of the application, on the passive availability zone in response to determining that the application includes an active-passive application infrastructure; and disables traffic from the first AZ on which the application specific system fault or degradation has been detected in response to determining that the application does not include an active-passive application infrastructure and/or in response to enabling traffic on the passive AZ.

Abstract: Disclosed is a base unit including a video link hub electrically connected to a user interface device to transmit a signal, a first system-on-chip (SoC) configured to provide a first infotainment function, and a processor configured to determine whether the first SoC is operating abnormally. When a second SoC is powered on, the first SoC performs authentication with respect to the second SoC, and when the processor determines that the first SoC is operating normally, the first SoC generates a first execution signal for display of a composite infotainment function, obtained by combining the first infotainment function with a second infotainment function provided by the second SoC, on the user interface device, and transmits the first execution signal to the video link hub, and the processor controls the video link hub to transmit the first execution signal to the user interface device.

Abstract: Data protection operations including replication operations are disclosed. Virtual machines, applications, and/or application data are replicated according to at least one strategy. The replication strategy can improve performance of the recovery operation.

Abstract: Systems for application configuration backup and restore. Techniques establish high frequency restore points of application configuration metadata. Processing commences upon receiving instructions to periodically take snapshots of application configuration metadata. To avoid incurring unnecessary costs to process snapshots of application configuration metadata when the application configuration metadata is slow-changing, the method performs a low-cost check to get the latest update time of the application configuration metadata. That time is compared to the time of the most recent snapshot of the application configuration metadata. When the time of the latest update time of the application configuration metadata is equal to the time of the most recent snapshot of the application configuration metadata, then rather than incurring the cost of generating a duplicate snapshot, the method waits for a duration without generating a new snapshot.

Abstract: A node may be an active node associated with a high-availability service and may route session traffic communicated via a first route path between a first endpoint and a second endpoint. The node may determine a first measurement of a traffic metric of the first route path and may receive, from another node associated with the high-availability service, a second measurement of the traffic metric of a second route path. The node may compare the first measurement and the second measurement and determine that the traffic metric is enhanced on the second route path relative to the first route path. The node may cause, via a high-availability link between the node and the other node, the other node to become the active node for routing the session traffic between the first endpoint and the second endpoint.

Abstract: Disclosed are a cluster quorum method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium. The method includes: acquiring a historical election set, and obtaining a first node quantity and a power condition by using the historical election set; generating a quorum parameter by using the first node quantity according to the power condition; acquiring a current network topology, and judging whether the current network topology satisfies the quorum parameter; and if the current network topology satisfies the quorum parameter, providing a cluster service. According to the method, a new network topology after a failure is not required to include the majority of nodes in an original cluster, whereby the network topology can continue to work no matter a quantity of nodes in the network topology while data consistency is ensured, improving viability of the cluster.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method comprises maintaining state information regarding a data synchronous replication status for a storage object of a primary storage cluster and a replicated storage object of a secondary storage cluster. The method includes temporarily disallowing input/output (I/O) operations for the storage object when the storage object of the primary storage cluster has a failure, which causes an internal state as out of sync for the storage object while maintaining an external state as in sync for external entities. The method performs persistent inflight tracking and reconciliation of I/O operations with a first Op log of the primary storage cluster and a second Op log of the secondary storage cluster and performs a resynchronization between the storage object and the replicated storage object based on the persistent inflight tracking and reconciliation of I/O operations.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a state management method, a method for switching between a master application server and a backup application server, and an electronic device. In present disclosure, the management server updates the recorded backup application server state in time by querying for the connection state of the hot-backup connection between the master application server and the backup application server, and when the master application server is in failure, instead of immediately controlling the master application server and the backup application server to perform switching between the master and backup application servers, the management server controls the master application server and the backup application server to perform master-backup switching between the application servers according to the recorded backup application server state.

Abstract: Methods and systems for managing workloads are disclosed. The workloads may be supported by operation of workload components that are hosted by infrastructure. The hosted locations of the workload components by the infrastructure may impact the performance of the workloads. To manage performance of the workloads, an optimization process may be performed to identify a migration plan for migrating some of the workload components to other infrastructure such as shared edge infrastructure and cloud infrastructure temporarily or permanently. Migration of the workload components may reduce the computing resource cost for performing various workloads and/or reduce workload performance disruptions.

Abstract: Methods and systems for managing storage of data in a distributed system is disclosed. To manage storage of data in a distributed system, a data processing system may include a network interface controller (NIC). The NIC may present emulated storages that may be used for data storage. The emulated storage devices may utilize storage resources of storage devices. The NIC and the storage devices may implement a distributed deduplication process. The NIC may segment data into chunks and obtain fingerprints of the chunks. The fingerprints may be provided to the storage which may check the fingerprints against fingerprints of already stored chunks. The storage may request the chunks corresponding to the fingerprints that did not match any fingerprints of the already stored chunks. The NIC may provide only those requested chunks to the storage before discarding all of the chunks.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, including: receiving, by the computing device, connecting device data from a connecting device associated with a participant of the video conference, wherein the connecting device data includes an audio quality data and a device connectivity data; determining, by the computing device, a conferencing readiness score based on the connecting device data; determining, by the computing device, the conferencing readiness score does not meet a threshold score; determining, by the computing device, an ameliorative action configured to raise the conferencing readiness score to meet the threshold score; and providing, by the computing device, the ameliorative action to the connecting device.

Abstract: Automated disaster recovery site failover of a messaging platform is disclosed. A processor establishes a communication link between a first data center site and a second data center site via a communication network. The first data center site includes a first database in an active state and the second data center site includes a second database in a passive state during which data replication flows from the first database to the second database. The processor monitors states of the first database and the second database; detects, in response to monitoring, that the first database has changed its state from the active state to the passive state and that the second database has changed its state from the passive state to the active state; and automatically switches, in response to detecting, the data replication flows during which the data replication flows from the second database to the first database.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to computer-implemented methods, software, and systems for detecting outages in a cloud environment. Internal web agents installed at corresponding network segments of a first cloud platform and external web agents installed at an external second cloud platform are configured to perform network calls between themselves and the other web agents. Data from the internal web agents is automatically collected to generate structured data defining network connectivity status corresponding to the network segments of the first cloud platform based on the performed network calls between the internal and external web agents. In response to evaluating the structured data, a health status of network connectivity of the first cloud platform is determined. The health status can be provided to platform services provided by the first cloud platform and/or applications running on the first cloud platform to support managing of lifecycles of entities running on the first cloud platform.

Abstract: A system including a network interface circuit and a processing circuit. The processing circuit includes one or more processors coupled to non-transitory memory. The processing circuit is configured to receive a request for account information. The account information relates to an account of a user. The processing circuit is further configured to perform asynchronous data gathering to retrieve the account information based on the request. The processing circuit is further configured to provide the account information to an active cache of a user device. The account information is stored in the active cache of the user device for later retrieval.

Abstract: Provided is a process of autonomous distributed workload and infrastructure scheduling based on physical telemetry data of a plurality of different data centers executing a plurality of different workload distributed applications on behalf of a plurality of different tenants.

Abstract: An arrangement combination of a backup repository satisfying an arrangement constraint rule is calculated based on business system configuration information related to a configuration of a business system server included in a management target, backup repository configuration information which is information related to a configuration of a repository server for storing the backup data, input backup setting information, and the arrangement constraint rule for determining an arrangement of backup data according to a backup purpose, Estimated are a processing time of predetermined backup for an arrangement of the backup repository and a processing time of predetermined restoration for an arrangement of the backup repository and a restoration purpose.

Abstract: Methods and systems for improving the performance and functioning of a network and its components may include configuring an edge computing device to activate a long range (LoRa) Wide Area Network (WAN) gateway bridge as a container in a container platform operating on the edge computing device. The edge computing device may use the LoRa WAN gateway bridge to form a local private cloud network and communicate with LoRa end devices.

Abstract: The disclosure features a method of creating a communications network. In this method, a first tape node includes a first type of wireless communication interface and a second type of wireless communication interface having a longer range than the first type of wireless communication interface. A second tape node includes the first type of wireless communication interface that is operable to communicate with the first tape node over a wireless communication connection established between the first type of wireless communication interfaces of the first and second tape nodes. Over a wireless communication connection, the first tape node sends programmatic code executable by the first tape node to function as a master tape node with respect to the second tape node.

Abstract: A virtual network system for a computer network is provided. The system includes a first host executing a virtual network function manager. The system also includes a second host executing a management virtual machine. The management virtual machine is in communication with the virtual network function manager and with one or more virtual network function component instantiations. The management virtual machine is programmed to route messages between the one or more virtual network function component instantiations and the virtual network function manager.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide solutions for determining an elected search head captain is unqualified for the position, identifying a more qualified search head, and transferring the captain position to the more qualified search head. A method is provided that includes referencing qualification parameters in an elected search head captain, determining whether the newly elected search head captain is qualified for the position based on the parameters, identifying a more qualified search head to be the search head captain if the newly elected search head captain is determined to be unqualified for the position, and transferring the position of captain to the more qualified search head. The qualification parameters may include, for example, a pre-determined static flag set by an administrator of the search environment, and configuration replication status that corresponds to the most recent configuration state of the search head as recorded by the previous search head captain.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes determining at least one characteristic of a plurality of ports on an individual basis. The plurality of ports are hosted by a target system and configured to send and receive data. The method also includes creating port groupings, each port grouping including one or more of the plurality of ports. Ports are grouped together in a single port grouping based on at least one shared characteristic of individual ports in the single port grouping. In addition, the method includes receiving, from an initiator port, a target discovery request at a target port of the plurality of ports. Also, the method includes determining which particular port grouping the target port belongs to. Moreover, the method includes sending information about all ports in the particular port grouping to the initiator port in response to receiving the target discovery request from the initiator port.

Abstract: Systems and methods for live stream control, including disaster recovery and/or load balancing, are provided including a first video encoding and distribution platform as a primary platform, a second video encoding and distribution platform running in parallel to the primary platform as a secondary platform, which secondary platform uses separate video transmission, independent video encoding, video packing, manifest generation, and an alternate content delivery network (CDN), and an application or module configured to direct playback requests to the primary or secondary platform, dependent upon an operational status of the primary platform.

Abstract: Example access control techniques described herein are intended to enable guest access for a media playback system while maintaining security of the media playback system. An example implementation involves a computing device receiving a request to control a media playback system comprising a playback device. After receiving the request, the computing device obtains access to the media playback system. Obtaining access may involve obtaining a first identifier associated with the media playback system, obtaining a second identifier using the first identifier over a wide area network (WAN) with a computing system, and obtaining a token using the second identifier over the WAN with the computing system. The example implementation further involves receiving a request for the media playback system to perform an operation and causing the media playback system to perform the operation using the token.

Abstract: The system uses the non-repudiatory persistence of blockchain technology to store all task statuses and results across the distributed computer network in an immutable blockchain database. Coupled with the resiliency of the stored data, the system may determine a sequence of processing tasks for a given processing request and use the sequence to detect and/or predict failures. Accordingly, in the event of a detected system failure, the system may recover the results prior to the failure, minimizing disruptions to processing the request and improving hardware resiliency.

Abstract: Data protection operations including replication operations from a production site to a replica site are disclosed. An example method assessing applications operating on a production virtual machine based on a replication strategy. The replication strategy is configured to identify related applications and ensure that the related applications are replicated to different replica virtual machines. The applications are then replicated from the production virtual machines to the replica virtual machines according to the replication strategy. The replication strategy can improve performance of the recovery operation.

Abstract: Various embodiments herein each include at least one of systems, methods, and software for SST secure boot device order modification. One such embodiment, in the form of a method performed by a server, includes, receiving a request from a mobile device app to modify a boot order of a computer controlling operation of an SST. The method proceeds by authenticating the request. When the request is authenticated, the server performing the method then sends a command to the SST to modify the boot order of the SST.

Abstract: System and computer-implemented method for managing multi-availability zone (AZ) clusters of host computers in a cloud computing environment automatically detects a degraded state of a first AZ in the cloud computing environment based on host failure events for host computers in a first cluster section of a multi-AZ cluster of host computers located in the first AZ and a recovered state of the first AZ based a successful scale-in operation of another multi-AZ cluster located partially in the first AZ. In response to the detection of the degraded state of the first AZ, a second cluster section of the multi-AZ cluster of host computers located in a second AZ is scaled out. In response to the detection of the recovered state of the first AZ, the second cluster section of the multi-AZ cluster of host computers located in the second AZ is scaled in.

Abstract: In various exemplary embodiments, a security continuity system allows users to continue accessing certain user accounts (e.g., email, calendar, contacts, documents, instant messaging, cloud storage, etc.) through alternate logon identity credentials that are automatically provisioned such as when a security event is detected or suspected. The alternate logon identity credentials may be temporary (e.g., just used during security continuity until the original user logon identity credentials can be secured such as by establishing a new password or by having the user select a new logon identity) or permanent (e.g., the alternate logon identity can become the user's new logon identity). Security continuity may be invoked manually (e.g., by the user or by an administrator) or automatically when certain conditions are detected (e.g., through detection of suspicious activities such as repeated user lockouts due to multiple failed logon attempts or upon detection of a successful breach by an attacker).

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a client device having a digital signature. The client device includes processing circuitry configured to send a message to be stored in nodes after the nodes reach a consensus on the message. The message includes the digital signature of the client device. The processing circuitry obtains results from a subset of the nodes that receive the message. The results have respective digital signatures of the subset of the nodes. The nodes are in a first consensus mode for reaching the consensus on the message. After verifying the digital signatures, the processing circuitry determines whether one or more of the nodes has malfunctioned based on the results. Based on a determination that the one or more of the nodes has malfunctioned, the processing circuitry triggers the nodes to switch from the first consensus mode to a second consensus mode for reaching the consensus on the message.

Abstract: Example implementations relate to preserving data availability in a constrained deployment of an HA system (e.g., an HA storage system) in the presence of pending faults. According to an example, a first arbiter, acting as a witness to facilitate maintaining quorum for the HA system, and a first node are provided within a first failure domain; and a second arbiter, serving as a backup arbiter, and a second node are provided within a second failure domain. Responsive to receipt of an indication of a pending fault impacting the first failure domain by a member of the current configuration of the HA system, establishment of a new configuration, excluding the first arbiter and including the second arbiter, is initiated. Responsive to a majority of the current configuration installing the new configuration, the second arbiter is enabled to serve as the active arbiter by transferring state information to the second arbiter.

Abstract: Various methods, apparatuses/systems, and media for automating deployment and configuration of contact centers are disclosed. A processor implements a cloud agnostic model-driven architecture, the architecture including at least a design-time environment and a run-time environment with corresponding combination of tools configured for delivery, development, and management of applications throughout systems; creates a cloud agnostic model configured to be executed on a plurality of cloud environments runtimes for an on-demand execution; on-boards and validates the cloud agnostic model in the design-time environment; tests, in response to a positive validation, the cloud agnostic model in the design-time environment; publishes, in response to a positive test, the cloud agnostic model on the run-time environment; activates the cloud agnostic model on the run-time environment; and creates, in response to activation, a multi-cloud contact center.

Abstract: Failover methods and systems for a networked storage environment are provided. In one aspect, a read request associated with a first storage object is received, during a replay of entries of a log stored in a non-volatile memory of a second storage node for a failover operation initiated in response to a failure at a first storage node. The second storage node operates as a partner node of the first storage node. The read request is processed using a filtering data structure that is generated from the log prior to the replay and identifies each log entry. The read request is processed when the log does not have an entry associated with the read request, and when the filtering data structure includes an entry associated with the read request, the requested data is located at the non-volatile memory.

Abstract: An orchestration controller in a storage solution may establish namespaces, assign each namespace to a host, and establish software-defined storage controllers to handle input-output operations between the hosts and the namespaces. Each namespace is assigned to a given host and the input-output operations to and from the namespace are handled by a specific primary software-defined storage controller. In response to failure of the software defined controller, a secondary software-defined storage controller will take over handling of the input-output operations to and from the namespace. Also, in response to the failure of the software-defined storage controller, the host will direct subsequent input-output operations destined for the namespace to the secondary software-defined storage controller.

Abstract: A conflict-free method of independently governing user authority across one or more devices includes managing user and device authority without the use of a centralized server. The conflict-free method utilizes a conflict-free replicated data type (CRDT) which resolves potential conflicts between merging linear sequences. A first linear sequence at a first electronic device merges with a second linear sequence at a second electronic device. The first linear sequence and the second linear sequence are different due to independent processes performed on devices that are not connected via a network at some point in time. Potential conflicts between the first linear sequence and the second linear sequence are resolved in accordance with CRDTs.

Abstract: Method, apparatus, and computer program product utilizing a hot-spare node in a storage network having a deduplication fingerprints database. A plurality of nodes is provided in the storage network including at least one active node and at least one hot-spare node. A portion of the deduplication fingerprints database is stored on each active node and on each hot-spare node. Data from the deduplication fingerprints database is provided from at least one of said at least one hot-spare node during normal operation. Responsive to a failure of one of said at least one active node, a portion of the deduplication fingerprints database associated with data stored on the failed one of said at least one active node is retained on one of the at least one hot-spare node. The failed one active node is replaced with one of the at least one hot-spare node.

Abstract: A fault tolerance solution for a multi-layer cloud system. The embodiments of this disclosure are applicable to radio access network (RAN) application area as well as cloud environment with virtual machine or container-based application function implementation. In one aspect there is a method performed by a load balancing system, which method includes: receiving a request sent by a client and selecting from a first cluster of serving entities a first main serving entity and a first backup serving entity. The method also includes, as a result of receiving the request sent by the client, sending to the client information identifying the selected first main serving entity and the selected first backup serving entity.

Abstract: Certain embodiments enable application message delivery to be automatically guaranteed for all failover scenarios through use of a novel infrastructure layer that supports high availability (HA) messaging. The High Availability Application Messaging Layer (HAML) can guarantee delivery of application messages whether a failover occurs at one or both of the source and the intended destination of the message. The HAML may transmit messages to one intended destination, as unicast messaging, or to multiple intended destinations, as multicast messaging. In some embodiments, the HAML may be HA aware, which refers to the awareness of the HAML of the redundancy for all processing entities within a network device to ensure hitless failover at the network device. By moving support for HA messaging from individual applications to the HAML, as a common infrastructure layer across the processing entities, the individual applications do not need to implement additional software to explicitly support HA messaging.

Abstract: An edge device remotely accesses cloud-based media automation services by pointing an interface of the edge device to a cloud-based sequencer. Broadcast logs defining a broadcast schedule and media files specified in the broadcast logs are obtained from the cloud-based sequencer, and local versions are stored in a storage device locally accessible to the edge device. Availability of the cloud-based sequencer is monitored, and if the cloud-based sequencer becomes unavailable, the interface of the edge device is pointed to a local sequencer instead of the cloud-based sequencer. The local sequencer emulates one or more media automation services normally provided by the cloud-based sequencer. In response to determining that availability of the cloud-based sequencer has been restored, the edge device's interface is re-pointed to the cloud-based sequencer.

Abstract: Backup of application data associated with an application executing in a virtual machine managed by a hypervisor is performed. Backup of the application data includes retrieving a Logical Unit Number (LUN) identification (ID) used by the application to store the application data in a storage volume. Backup of the application data also includes performing a virtual storage resolution for the LUN ID to determine whether the application data is stored in the storage volume identified by the LUN ID based on a first virtual mapping or a physical mapping. Backup also includes storing in metadata for the backup the LUN ID and whether the LUN ID is based on the first virtual mapping or the physical mapping. Backup includes creating a backup of the application data stored in the storage volume. Application data can subsequently be restored based on the application data that is backed up.

Abstract: A system for dynamically auto-scaling allocated capacity of a virtual desktop environment includes: base capacity resources and burst capacity resources and memory coupled to a controller; wherein, in response to executing program instructions, the controller is configured to: in response to receiving a log in request from a first user device, connect the first user device to a first host pool to which the first device user is assigned; execute a load-balancing module to determine a first session host virtual machine to which to connect the first user device; and execute an auto-scaling module comprising a user-selectable auto-scaling trigger and a user-selectable conditional auto-scaling action, wherein, in response to recognition of the conditional auto-scaling action, the controller powers on or powers off one or more base capacity resources or creates or destroys one or more burst capacity resources.

Abstract: A backup policy including user-configured options for backing up a cluster of virtual machines is reviewed. Configuration details for the cluster is obtained from a virtual machine manager of the cluster. An evaluation is made as to whether host-level data movers that run inside hypervisors of hosts of the cluster support the user-configured options in the backup policy and the configuration details of the cluster. If the host-level data movers are supported, the host-level data movers are installed into the hypervisors running on the hosts of the cluster. If the host-level data movers are not supported, one or more of in-guest data movers that run as guests inside the virtual machines to be backed up or backup proxy data movers that run as separate virtual machines and outside the virtual machines to be backed up are provisioned.

Abstract: A vehicle may include an authority tracker to grant and/or limit authority to provide guidance to the vehicle. The authority tracker may store a state in a memory identifying an actor that currently has the authority. An actor requesting to have authority to provide guidance to the vehicle may transmit a control message to the authority tracker which may, in turn, authorize or deny the request based on a policy. The authority tracker may periodically, and/or in response to a request, broadcast a state message identifying the actor that currently has authority, as recorded in the memory.

Abstract: Methods are provided in which a computer device provides, to a network device, an editing probe instruction for a cursor movement on a command line interface for interfacing with the network device. In these methods, the computer device obtains, from the network device, data output and determines whether the network device completed a command output based on whether the data output indicates the cursor movement on the command line interface.