Abstract: An exhaust connection coupler and a method for manufacturing a braid cover incorporated therein are provided. The method of manufacturing comprises the steps of providing a tubular sleeve formed of braided wire filaments and forming at least one end of the sleeve into shape using a forming die such that the at least one end of the cover includes a circumferential neck portion having a diameter smaller than the diameter of a body portion of the cover. In the method, the sleeve may be pressed between male and female forming dies in order to create the cover's desired shape, which can include a shoulder extending radially outwardly from the cover's neck portion and meeting the cover's body portion at a corner.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for swaging a square or rectangular tube, the apparatus including a support for external dies, both surface dies and corner dies, which when actuated, apply pressure to the outside of a tube to achieve its swaging to a lesser dimension, and having a collapsible mandrel located therein, supporting internal dies, that apply a lesser pressure against the interior of the tube, during a swaging operation, to assure that wall buckling does not occur. An internal die with its removing tool may locate within the end of the tube to be swaged to cooperate with the pressure from the external dies to swage the tube without any final buckling.

Abstract: The method for the manufacture of wall connector pieces is based on a thin-walled tubular blank which is first reduced in diameter at least one, preferably both ends in order to increase the wall thickness. In this way, a basis is provided for further shaping, for example, the manufacture of a connector piece (4) or a closed end (5).

Abstract: A method of forming a housing which includes roll forming a steel tube radially inwardly with a plurality of rollers each having a rolling axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube, the rollers compressing the tube and forming reduced diameter portions and enlarged diameter portions. The method then includes cutting the tube perpendicular to the longitudinal axis generally midway through an enlarged diameter portion and a reduced diameter portion, forming a plurality of mirror image preforms. Finally, the method includes cold working the preforms into the desired shape of the housing and increasing the strength of the steel at least 15% and forming a housing member having enlarged diameter open end and a reduced diameter open end.

Abstract: A spring plunger for insertion into an aperture, the spring plunger including a body having a recess and a proximal opening to the recess surrounded by a chamfered rim with the chamfered rim extending at least partially across the recess. A coil spring and plunger are retained within the recess, with the plunger abutting the coil spring and contacting the chamfered rim. Also, a method of manufacturing a spring plunger and a method of use.

Abstract: A shaped metal container comprising less metal than prior art shaped metal containers while still able to handle sufficient axial load and undergo shaping processes, including necking, without wrinkling, buckling, collapsing or other physical defect is disclosed. Processes for shaping a metal container having a sidewall of variable thickness, wherein a portion of the sidewall having a variable thickness is shaped using a die or dies are also disclosed.

Abstract: A plug 1 includes a first columnar portion 20, a tapered portion 30, and a second columnar portion 40. The first columnar portion 20 has an outside diameter D1. The second columnar portion 40 has an outside diameter D2 which is larger than the outside diameter D1. The tapered portion 30 is formed between the first columnar portion 20 and the second columnar portion 40. The tapered portion 30 has a tapered surface 31 provided with an outside diameter which is gradually increased from the first columnar portion 20 to the second columnar portion 40, and an axial direction length L. The outside diameters D1 and D2, and the axial direction length L meet the following expressions (1) to (4): 0.25???2.00??(1), 0.06?L/D2?0.8??(2), L/D2?0.3×?+0.575??(3), and L/D2?0.1×???(4) where ?=(D2?D1)/D1×100. Therefore, the cold drawing plug according to the present invention can reduce the tensile residual stress on the outer surface of a metal pipe after the cold drawing.

Abstract: Methods and systems for reducing the stress state of compressed ends of compressed tubes are disclosed. The methods and systems may provide a reduced tensile residual stress state, or even a compressive residual stress state. Tube products produced from the same are also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a die set comprising an annular necking die and a knockout punch for necking-in a metal container, and a method of necking. In the method, in at least one necking-in step, the metal container is both reduced in diameter and the container wall is redrawn to minimize circumferential irregularities of wall thickness and/or circumferential rippling of the container wall caused by the reduction of diameter. The die of the die set is provided with a redraw surface to achieve this redrawing effect.

Abstract: The exemplary embodiments provide a die set comprising a knockout punch and a necking die for necking-in a metal container preform. In an axial direction from front to back of the die, the die has an inwardly tapering in-feed surface, a forming radius, a generally cylindrical land having a die bore diameter, a discharge surface and a relief surface having a diameter larger than the die bore diameter. The land has an axial length of less than 0.1 inch. It is believed that such a length limits the number of metal contacts with the land (rebounds between the knockout punch and the land) to one or two as a metal container preform is necked in the die in conjunction with a knockout punch having a punch diameter that provides a gap between the knockout punch and the land. While the gap may be larger than the topwall thickness of the metal of the preform within the gap, it may alternatively be the same as, or smaller than, the thickness (by up to 10%), to effect re-resizing of the container wall.

Abstract: After insertion of a mandrel (23) into a blank tube (20) in the form of an electric welded tube, a parallel swaging operation is carried out by moving a cylindrical die (24) to cause the end of the blank tube (20) to contact tightly with a parallel forming portion (27) of the mandrel (23). After completion of parallel swaging operation, the die (24) is withdrawn out of the blank tube (20) and a push-die (33) is caused to move to the blank tube (20) from a radially outward position while leaving the mandrel (23) inside the blank tube (20) so that a weld bead on the blank tube (20) can be flattened by cooperation with the mandrel (23).

Abstract: A cemented carbide tool containing tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, niobium carbide, possibly TaC, cobalt, chromium and possibly nickel, iron, molybdenum is disclosed. The composition of the materials provides a lighter material than usual, combined with a good resistance to corrosion as well as high hardness and wear resistance. These properties are particularly interesting for the manufacture of punch tools for cold forming operations. Cold forming tools made with these materials will have much better performance, particularly more steady performance and much longer lifetime. A method of cold forming and drawing, particularly deep drawing and ironing process of aluminum and steel beverage can manufacturing, is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of manufacturing a drum, for use in an appliance such as a dryer, that prevents noise and vibration during operation. The method involves forming a cylindrical drum; reducing a diameter at both ends of the drum; forming beads in a central part of the drum; and bending both edges of the drum.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for forming metal containers. The method involves introducing a knockout element (110) into the container body through the open end, providing a forming die shaped to reduce the diameter of the sidewall of the container body (100) when the open end of the container body (106) is forced therein to produce a neck portion of reduced diameter on the container body, driving the open end of the container body into the forming die (108), retracting the knockout element through the neck portion as the neck portion is formed, and removing the container body (106) from the forming die (108) and knockout element (110). In the invention, the driving of the open end of the container body into the forming die and/or the movements of the knockout element are carried out under computer numerical control, preferably employing linear motor drives, thereby enabling the driving or movement to be optimized for the container body and the neck portion formed thereon.

Abstract: A process by which the end of a tube having at least one internal surface feature is reduced and at least a portion of the surface feature eliminated from the tube end while achieving accurate control of the outer diameter of the tube end. The process preferably makes use of a forming tool comprising an external die for reducing the outer diameter of a tube and a mandrel for deforming the internal passage of the tube. The process generally comprises forcing the external die over the end of the tube so that the outer diameter of the tube end is reduced and so that the mandrel is simultaneously inserted through the internal passage of the tube end. While the tube end remains within the external die, the mandrel is withdrawn from the internal passage of the tube end to eliminate the internal surface feature.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing an end connection by which a tube of variable wall thickness can be formed by being drawn between a die and a mandrel. The end of tubular stock is reduced and its wall thickness increased by being extruded into the space between a reducing die and a mandrel located within the tube, the mandrel having a plug that forms the inner surface of the formed tube as the mandrel and die are retraced from the end. A screw thread is formed on the inner surface of the formed tube and is engaged by a screw thread on a pull pin adapted for attachment to an actuating cylinder that applies a force tending to pull the tube through the die and mandrel.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing the diameter of an open end of a container is claimed. The apparatus comprises a housing having a longitudinal axis. A die is supported in the housing about the longitudinal axis. A radially expandable pilot member is also supported in the housing. The radially expandable pilot member is selectively moveable between a contracted position and an expanded position relative to the longitudinal axis. The radially expandable pilot member comprises a plurality of forming members. A method which utilizes the apparatus is also claimed.

Abstract: A tube for a cracker unit in which ethylene is produced withstands, without oxidizing or losing its strength, the elevated temperatures required to effect cracking, yet retards coking. The tube has a shell formed from stainless steel or high nickel alloy and a liner formed from an iron-aluminum alloy. The liner retards the deposit of carbon and its build up known as coking. To form the tube, a high alloy ingot is bored to provide a bore that extends through its center. Then a weld overlay is applied to surface of the bore, with the overlay being derived from a weld metal containing at least 16% aluminum and the balance essentially iron. Thereafter, the ingot is heated to its hot working temperature and extruded through sets of opposed rollers, with the direction of advance being in the direction of the bore. The extruding transforms the ingot into a lined tube.

Abstract: An easy mode pipe-diameter reducing device provided for feeding a metallic pipe into the hole confined by the wall surfaces of a conical spring mounted in the die bodies of the device, wherein, wall sections of the die bodies with constant diameter guides the metallic. pipe, and wall sections of the die bodies with tapering shapes contract the wall of the metallic pipe. Thereby, the peripheral pipe wall is gradually contracted under confining of the tapering wall surfaces of the die bodies. Wherein, the pipe-diameter reducing device is comprised of an upper die body and a lower die body having a conical spring provided therebetween, the inner diameter of the conical spring forms the wall surfaces extending from the wall sections with constant diameter to the tapered wall sections thereof. Therefore, when the metallic pipe is fed till it contacts the tapered wall sections, it can be contracted thereby into the shape of a tapered pipe. Hence easiness of pipe reducing can be achieved.