Abstract: A pull gun (10) is used for pulling a mandrel (12) through an expandable sleeve (124) positioned in a fastener hole (130, 132) having a countersink (140). The mandrel expands the sleeve (124) as it moves therethrough, causing the sleeve to put the metal which surrounds the hole (132, 130) and the countersink in a state of compression. The pull gun has an axially split, expandable countersink prestressing device (16) having a generally central passageway (38) through which the mandrel (12) travels axially as it is being retracted into the pull gun. The prestressing device (16) has conical end surfaces (46) to prestress the countersink as the mandrel is pulled through the hole. The device (16) has an axially split sleeve retainer (76) extending therein so as to retain the sleeve within the fastener hole when the mandrel is being retracted. The sleeve retainer (76) is in contact with the sleeve externally of the gun and has its inner end secured in the gun.

Abstract: A pull gun (30) is used for pulling a mandrel (32) through an expandable sleeve (126) positioned in a fastener hole (134, 136). The mandrel (32) expands the sleeve (126) as it moves through the sleeve (126), causing the sleeve (126) to prestress the metal which surrounds the hole (134, 136). The pull gun end of the hole is countersunk (138). The pull gun (30) includes an axially split ring (74) having a conical insert (90) which snugly fits within the countersink (138). The sleeve (126) extends through a center opening (80) in the expandable ring (126). Mandrel movement through the portion of the sleeve (126) within said central opening (80) forces the segments (76) of the ring (74) radially outwardly, causing the portions (90) of such ring (74) which are in the countersink (138) to expand and compress the metal which immediately surrounds the countersink (138). A solid film lubricant (127) is provided on the inner surface of the expandable sleeve (126).

Abstract: Large containers for moving cargo are frequently made of steel in which the side panels are strengthened by making them so as to have elongated alternate lands and grooves. The invention is an apparatus for reforming deformed lands and grooves and removing dents in the panels. It includes a power actuated tool for applying force against the deformed structure and a hydraulic power source connected to the tool. A four-way valve is used to supply pressurized fluid from the source to the tool. A frame connected to the hydraulic power source extends externally of the tool, of a tool holding stand, and of the deformed structure. On each side of the panels the frame has vertical members having protrusions which are adapted to move into spaced grooves formed on the outside of the panels and adjacent the deformation on one side of the container.

Abstract: The present machine, sometimes known as a beader or drum beader, receives a steel drum in a horizontal position and expands circumferential beads into the body to provide structural strength. A pair of opposed heads which reciprocate in and out of the drum body are driven respectively by means of a crank arrangement comprising a connecting rod which is fixed with a pivoting joint on the back of the head. The other end of the connecting rod is attached to gear by a pin which is offset from its center axis. Each head travels horizontally on a frame of the machine into and out of a drum which is placed thereon. A hydraulic cylinder provides the expansion of the dies on the head which are used to engage the drum and form the beads. Thus, the operation of the connecting rod is mechanical but the dies are operated by hydraulic cylinder in the head and when the proper stroke is reached that corresponds to the correct height of the bead the cylinder retracts the bead dies.

Abstract: According to the present method and apparatus work pieces such as railroad wheels are power clamped on a cone shaped inwardly facing side. In a first clamping step clamping areas are impressed into the side or surface of the work piece said clamping areas having a suitable inclination. In a second clamping step the actual power clamping is performed at these clamping areas. For this purpose a plurality of radially moving clamping jaws are arranged to carry at least one clamping tooth. Each clamping tooth in turn is adjustable in its position in an axial direction along its respective radially moveable clamping jaw.

Abstract: A tube expander for expanding or flaring the ends of automobile exhaust pipes and the like includes a segmented expander die having an arbor slidably received within the expander die segments for expanding the die upon movement of the arbor in a first predetermined direction. A manually operated device initially moves the die relative to the arbor to establish the amount of expansion to be permitted in the die and a separate independent hydraulic mechanism is then operated to move the arbor in the first direction in order to flare the end of a tube placed on the die to increase its diameter by a predetermined dimension. The compact structure provided enables the tool to be manually operated to flare tubes in situ on an automobile.

Abstract: A tube expander (10) for extrudably deforming tubes (12) into conformity with a flange (16) has a plurality of first and second forming members (28,30) circumferentially arranged on a mandrel (20). In an initial position, the forming members (28,30) are axially offset and radially retracted for ease of insertion into the bore (13) of the tube (12). After insertion, the mandrel (20) is partially withdrawn by an actuator (64) and by such action, the forming members (28,30) are brought together in an abutting, axially aligned, and radially expanded relationship such that workpiece-contacting surfaces (40,42) of the forming members (28,30) are brought into substantially continuous circumferential contact with the tube bore 13. The workpiece-contacting surfaces (40,42) are maintained in continuous circumferential contact with the tube bore 13 as the forming members (28,30) and the mandrel (20) are withdrawn from the tube end, thereby uniformly extruding the tube.

Abstract: In a method of correcting a distorted pipe end to an original substantially true circular cross-section, external loads are applied to the outer peripheral surface of the pipe adjacent to the end thereof to forcibly deform the pipe end to the substantially true circular cross-section. The external loads are maintained to keep this substantially true circular cross-sectional shape while an internal pressure is applied to the inner peripheral surface of the pipe end until a circumferential stress produced in the pipe reaches an amount which exceeds the yield stress of the pipe to give a radial permanent deformation to the pipe for thereby producing a circumferentially uniformly distributed residual stress in the pipe.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for reforming crushed or otherwise damaged drill pipe and the like. A plurality of expandable shoe elements are inserted into the large diameter portion of the drill pipe adjacent the crushed section. A ram or plunger is forced into and between the shoes to expand the shoes within the drill pipe for removing crushed portions thereof. More particularly, the length of travel of the plunger is coordinated to expand the shoes the proper extent to restore the drill pipe to its original configuration.

Abstract: A tube expander having a stop collar for limiting the axial movement of the tube end relative to the expander to prevent damage to the tube end. The stop collar is comprised of a hollow stop collar body having the end adjacent to the tube end slotted to slidingly receive a pair of stop members that can be moved relative to each other to vary the size of the aperture extending through the stop collar body. The stop collar members substantially encircle the cage and have surfaces thereon that engage the end of the tube.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for resizing torque converter impeller drive shafts. The method comprises the steps of heating the hollow drive shaft to a malleable state, radially expanding the drive shaft to a dimension larger than its original diameter, and grinding and polishing the outside of the drive shaft to its original size. The apparatus comprises a power drive tool for radially expanding a worn drive shaft to a diameter larger than its original diameter.

Abstract: A tube expander of the type having a series of die members suitable for engaging the inside of a tube to expand it and which are guided for radial movement by a thrust plate, and which are caused to move radially by a mandrel movable axially within the thrust plate by a piston moving within an hydraulic cylinder, the mandrel having a circumferentially spaced series of slideways sloping outwardly from an inner end of the mandrel, with each slideway cooperating with a similarly sloping inner surface of one of the die members; wherein the slideways are at least partially recessed within the mandrel so that the force-transmitting area of the mandrel is not limited by the area circumscribed by the innermost ends of the slideways. In addition, the mandrel and piston rod and connecting parts therebetween all have a transverse area which is larger at all points than the area circumscribed by the innermost ends of the slideways.

Abstract: A tube expander for expanding or flaring the ends of automobile exhaust pipes and the like includes a segmented expander die having an arbor slidably received within the expander die segments for expanding the die upon movement of the arbor in a first predetermined direction. A manually operated device initially moves the arbor in the first direction to expand the die until the die segments engage the interior surface of the tube end to be expanded, and a separate independent hydraulic mechanism is then operated to move the arbor in the first direction in order to flare the tube to increase its diameter by a predetermined dimension. The compact structure provided enables the tool to be manually operated to flare tubes in situ on an automobile.

Abstract: An improved grid sleeve bulge tool designed for securing control rod guide tubes to sleeves brazed in a fuel assembly grid. The tool includes a cylinder having an outer diameter less than the internal diameter of the control rod guide tubes. The walls of the cylinder are cut in an axial direction along its length to provide several flexible tines or ligaments. The end of each alternate tine is equipped with a semispherical projection which extends radially outwardly from the tine surface. A ram or plunger of generally cylindrical configuration and about the same length as the cylinder is designed to fit in and move axially of the cylinder and thereby force the tined projections outwardly when the ram is pulled into the cylinder.

Abstract: An expanding head for pipe end enlarging tools which have a tool body including a cylindrical end portion and a removable mandrel having a tapered end extending through the cylindrical end portion of the body and axially movable therein. The expanding head comprises a plurality of exchangeable segmental expanding elements each having a flange segment which together form a radially outwardly extending annular flange. The segments are connected together to unite them as a self-contained set and for radial movement in response to axial movement of the mandrel when in use. The segments are connected by a spring element which surrounds the segments at the annular flange and clamps them against each other and against the mandrel. The segments are removably connected to the cylndrical portion of the tool body without detachment of the spring element to maintain the segments in the self-contained set.

Abstract: A device for mounting exchangeable flanged sets of expanding elements on a tool for enlarging the ends of pipes. The tool comprises a tool body having an expanding mandrel and a removable cap for retaining the sets of elements on the mandrel. The device comprises a carrier having a plurality of orifices each for the insertion of one set of expanding elements. The carrier is removably mounted on the tool body and the sets of expanding elements are releasably retained in the orifices.

Abstract: A method of forming annular rings having portions of the ring material disposed radially of the ring axis from strips of flat material by forming cylindrical work-pieces from elongated strips of material with the ends of each of the strip being welded together to form a cylindrical work-piece having its material extending axially of the ring, supporting spaced annular portions at the inner circumference of the work-piece, and displacing a portion intermediate the internal annular portions of the work-piece radially outwardly while the outer perimeter of the work-piece is unsupported.

Abstract: This invention describes a relatively undersized radially expandible sleeve member which can be easily inserted through a bore formed in a stator core. A relatively oversized plug member is then forced through the sleeve thus radially expanding the sleeve and urging the sleeve radially outwardly into engagement with the bore.

Abstract: A method of forming annular rings having portions of the ring material disposed radially of the ring axis from strips of flat material by forming cylindrical workpieces from elongated strips of material with the ends of each of the strip being welded together to form an endless cylindrical workpiece having its material extending axially of the ring and displacing a portion intermediate internal annular edge portions of the workpiece radially outwardly while the outer perimeter of the workpiece is unsupported. When the finished annular ring is to have all of the material in the annular edge portions extending radially, the inner annular edge portions are unsupported and when the annular edge portions are to extend axially in the finished ring, only the spaced inner annular surfaces of the edge portions are supported.

Abstract: A mechanical pipe expander for a step-by-step expanding of steel pipes formed with a spiral welded seam. The expander includes an expander head that performs the expanding made up of circumferentially arranged segments over which the pipe assumes a circumjacent position and after which the segments move radially outward to forcibly engage the inside of the pipe. In order to avoid the segments contacting the inside welded seams of the pipe, the segments are formed with one or more complementary spiral slots and if the pipe has cross welded seams with one or more corresponding cross spiral slots.

Abstract: The expander is constructed from an irregular, truncated polyhedral pyramid in which surfaces bounded by parallel edges alternate with surfaces of trapezoidal contour. The latter have T-shaped longitudinal grooves each receiving respectively the T-shaped foot portion of double T-contoured guide elements and being secured to the groove from axial ends of the pyramid.

Abstract: This invention provides a method and apparatus for expanding spiralweld pipe. The expander head is cantilevered at a fixed location and the spiralweld pipe is advanced in stages around the expander head, moving in the direction of the pipe axis. At each stage, the pipe is stopped, and the expander head is expanded to cause expansion in the pipe. The expander head has on its surface a helically arranged recess matching the main weld of the pipe. As the pipe is moved between adjacent expansion locations, it undergoes axial and rotational motion so that the main weld tracks in registry with the recess.

Abstract: A method of forming a socket on a tube where a branch tube is to be joined to it, which consists of the steps of forming an aperture in the side of the tube which aperture is smaller than the internal dimension of the socket required, inserting expandible jaws into the aperture, placing a sliding former into contact with the tube around the jaws, and expanding the jaws while causing relative outward axial movement of the former in relation to the jaws.

Abstract: A tool for shaping the end of a branch tube which is to be engaged in a socket in the side of a main tube which tool comprises a die having an aperture to neatly receive the end of a branch tube to be shaped, and an intersecting bore in which a pair of cutters are disposed to each extend into the aperture, the cutters each having slits into which the end of a branch tube may be inserted, the slits being shaped to notch out diametrically opposed segments from the branch tube against the die, means being provided to displace the cutters outwardly and to return them after displacement.

Abstract: A tool for enlarging pipe ends includes a toolholder body containing an axially movable mandrel having a tapering end and capable of being displaced by an externally applied force. A toolhead is exchangeably attached to the toolholder body coaxially with the mandrel and contains a plurality of expanding members in the form of cylindrical segments radially displaceable by the axial displacement of the mandrel and mounted so that they project axially from the toolhead. The edges of the segments facing the mandrel form a recess corresponding to the mandrel taper. An adapter is interposed between the toolholder body and the toolhead and has a body containing an axially displaceable supplementary mandrel having an elongated tapering end for cooperating with the exchangeable toolhead. The other end of the supplementary mandrel contains a recess shaped to receive the tapering end of the mandrel mounted in the toolholder body.

Abstract: Device for bending thin-walled pipes from inside by embossing them with eccentric corrugations, comprising an expander block introducible into the pipe to the point of bend, the block being formed by a supporting shoe and a punch whose side facing the pipe has a toroidal surface following the shape of the desired corrugation and which is mounted on the shoe with a provision for positive movement in a radial direction to the pipe surface for making the corrugation on the pipe. In the cross-sectional plane of the pipe the punch has the shape of a ring which is open at the side of the shoe and is composed of individual elements around its parameter, each element being articulated to a movable member of one of the power cylinders whose axes are arranged radially to a cross-sectional plane of the pipe while their stationary members are connected with the supporting shoe.

Abstract: An expander tool for truing thin walled tubing, the tool including improved means for equalizing expansion forces applied to expansion elements and other interrelated components incorporated in the tool, the tool also including improved clutch means for preventing over expansion of the tool and improved means for releasing the expansion elements and interrelated components when forces tending to expand the tool are reduced.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for mechanically expanding pipe of the type having a helical weld seam which includes a radially expandable die head assembly for incrementally expanding the pipe advanced over the die head and wherein the die head has a helical groove which corresponds to the helical weld seam of the pipe. Means are provided for advancing the pipe longitudinally over the die head assembly for incremental expansion and preferably for substantially simultaneously rotating the pipe to maintain the conformity between the die head groove and the helical weld seam of the pipe.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for simultaneously necking and flanging metal cans. A collapsible mandrel is provided, which in the collapsed condition will accept a can and which in the expanded condition grips the can over its entire inside surface. The mandrel is constructed such that in its expanded condition it presents an uninterrupted cylindrical surface. The mandrel has a groove in the region where the necking-flanging operation is to be performed and an elastic material is seated in the groove. A die ring larger in diameter than said mandrel in its expanded condition is mounted rotatably coplanar with said groove and means are provided to move said die ring radially of the mandrel to produce the necking and flanging operation by cooperation with the elastic material in said groove. Expansion and collapse of the mandrel is accomplished by internal cam structure.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for re-forming and maintaining the circular shape of a deformed roll of material includes a forming means having a rigid arcuate pressure pad adapted to press against and shape an inner surface portion of a coiled roll of material, such as steel, aluminum, or other material adapted to be mounted for rotation in a sheeting operation wherein a web of the material is withdrawn from the roll and cut into predetermined lengths. Hydraulic jacking means carried by a rigid plate disposed as a geometric chord between the ends of the arcuate pressure pad serves to force deformed portions of the center opening of the coil outwardly as the jacking means is operated. A pair of such pads is disposed in opposed relation within the center opening of the coil and an expansible sleeve or liner disposed about the two pads. The liner includes a band of semi-rigid material wrapped cylindrically to dispose the end edges of the band in closely spaced confronting relation separated by a gap therebetween.

Abstract: Annular metallic blanks which consist of packages of interconnected laminae or of sheet metal strips which are coiled edgewise and whose strata are riveted or otherwise secured to each other are converted into stators for electrical machines by cold forming between upper and lower dies and outer and inner calibrating members so that the inner diameter of each blank is increased during cold forming, that the peripheral surface of the stator has two cylindrical portions flanking a convex median portion, and that the outermost portions of the end surfaces of the stator are formed with annular recesses. Prior to cold forming, each blank is subjected to a preliminary shaping treatment including chamfering the axial ends of its internal and peripheral surfaces.

Abstract: Apparatus for forming circumferential corrugations in a thin wall tube to produce a cylindrical bellows. The tube is supported on a rigid sleeve to prevent distortion, but is free to move axially as each corrugation is formed by an expanding mandrel which extends through a circumferential channel in the sleeve to form a complete ring. The mandrel is composed of interfitting wedge elements, alternate elements of which move radially more than the others to accommodate the expansion and contraction, a common multiple cam actuator providing the driving force on all elements simultaneously.

Abstract: The specification discloses an apparatus and process for beading the projecting ends of heat exchange tubes to a header or tube sheet of a water heater. The apparatus comprises an expandable mandrel having outwardly movable jaws supported around the forward end of a spindle. The mandrel is adapted to be inserted into a tube and to be expanded outward to tightly grip the inside of the tube near the header and to expand the tube against the header. An annular beading head having an annular beading groove is supported around the spindle rearward of the jaws and is adapted to be moved forward to engage the groove with the projecting end of the tube to force the end of the tube radially outward and against the side of the header.

Abstract: A method of coldworking a hole through a work piece which includes the steps of placing a seamless tubular member through the hole in the work piece, passing a mandrel through the tubular member so that the tubular member is expanded radially and circumferentially sufficiently to expand the material in the work piece about the hole beyond its elastic limit, and longitudinally fracturing the tubular member after substantially maximum expansion of the tubular member. The application also contemplates a tubular member construction for use in the method and a tool for performing the method.

Abstract: A heavy duty pipe spreader to open formed steel-line pipe, approximately 40 feet long, of approximately 0.250 to 0.750 wall thickness, so as to obtain an approximate 2 inch permanent edge separation prior to O.D. sub-arc welding. The pipe spreader is comprised of an approximately 45 feet long boom, pivotally supported at one end by a vertically adjustable base support and intermediate its length by four hydraulically actuated devices under the boom and mounted to the floor; these devices retract as the pipe telescopes onto the boom. A device at the extreme front of the unit centers and assists in stabilizing the pipe and unit during spreading. The pipe is received on five support rollers, the first of which drives the other four, and all of which are fixed in place and rotate only to move pipe over the vertically adjustable boom. Attached to the boom structure are five sets of pivoted arms which are operated by wedge devices attached to a center pull rod.