Abstract: Four different designs for the teeth of a rolling die are disclosed. A pair of the disclosed dies is used to form helical teeth in a cylindrical rod workpiece. All four of the disclosed die tooth embodiments are variations of a common design feature: Namely, at least one segment of the tooth profile for the first tooth of the start portion of the die is formed with a pressure angle substantially larger than the pressure angle of the final basic profile geometry desired for the teeth, and then the profiles of the successive die teeth for the start portion are formed so that the pressure angle of each successive die tooth progressively and gradually decreases in magnitude from the pressure angle of the first tooth until the pressure angle of the final die tooth of the start section is substantially the same as the pressure angle of the desired workpiece teeth.

Abstract: A spline forming rack having a plurality of parallel teeth for the cold forming of a spline on a workpiece wherein the land surfaces of the teeth have deposited thereon by a welding process a layer of particles of a hardening material such as tungsten carbide to increase both the wear resistance and the roughness of the land surfaces.

Abstract: A throw away thread rolling die comprising a thin sheet of high carbon steel with the upper and lower surfaces in a rectangular configuration and with short parallel side edges and long parallel upper and lower edges, the length of the upper and lower edges being greater than the length of the side edges; a plurality of parallel grooves, corresponding in size and shape to the screw threads or any other configuration to be formed, shaped into the upper surface of the rectangular sheet, the rectangular sheet having a thickness which is greater than the depth of the grooves, the grooves being formed parallel or angular from a longitudinal center line parallel with and midpoint of the upper and lower edges; two trapezoidal and two rectangular side pieces formed integral with the upper, lower and side edges of the rectangular sheet, the side pieces being bent downwardly away from the upper surface at an obtuse angle to form a generally trapezoidal open box-like member; and a solid blank of a low carbon steel mater

Abstract: A threaded fastener that self locks as it is tightened to a fastened object. The thread includes one or more portions that are shifted, resulting in one or more discontinuities in the thread. Each shifted portion of thread is fully formed at the discontinuity. The shifted portions will deform a relatively softer female thread, causing the deformed thread to move up and over the end faces of the shifted portions and to pack up in front of the end faces to prevent any significant loosening of the connection.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing a masonry fastener having a helical portion. A workpiece is positioned between a pair of tools mounted for relative movement. Both tools have faces defining a plurality of raised and recessed portions that extend generally diagonally thereacross. A frame supports the tools such that the face of one tool generally opposes the face of the other tool face. Relative movement of the tools causes the workpiece to rotate and move across the faces where it is deformed by the interaction of the respective raised and recessed portions of each tool. The result is a masonry fastener having at least a portion of its body formed into a substantially helical shape.

Abstract: In forming helical splines with stoppers on a rotary shaft, its large-diameter portion is held between a pair of rolling tools, each of which comprises: a helical teeth forming die having inclined teeth; an aligning teeth die having aligning teeth which are aligned with every other inclined tooth when combined with the helical teeth forming die; and a finishing teeth die having finishing teeth which are equal in pitch to the aligning teeth. Under this condition, the shaft is rolled under pressure by moving the rolling tools, to form helical grooves, and communication grooves communicated with every other helical grooves on the large-diameter portion, leaving stoppers between the communication grooves. Hence, the helical splines are formed by one rolling operation, with burrs formed between the spline grooves and the communication grooves being automatically removed.

Abstract: A screw having a main thread (2) to be screwed in and a sub-thread (3) formed in the direction opposite to the main thread, which is characterized in that a slant surface (3b) of the sub-thread on the screw-loosening side has a sharp slope whereas that (3a) on the screw-tightening side has a gentler slope.When such a tapping screw as above is screwed into a pre-drilled hole (4) and the sub-thread (3) advances in the direction opposite to the screwing-in direction thereof while acting like a wedge because the slope of the slant surface (3a) on the screw-in side is gentler.When the screw is subject to torque in the screw-loosening direction after tightened, the torque acts on the sub-thread (3) in the tightening direction thereof and, because of the sharp slope of the slant surface (3b) on the screw-loosening side, the sub-thread resists the unscrewing of the screw as if eating into the surface of the pre-drilled hole and prevents the screw from loosening.

Abstract: A method of producing threaded fasteners, particularly screws characterized by a thread root which is substantially wider than the thread crest, which results in seam free threads. The method employs a rolling die with a novel double form thread profile geometry wherein the angle of divergence of the groove defining walls gradually varies between an obtuse pointing angle and an acute finish angle as the groove depth increases from a sorting depth to the finish depth. The finish form of the die is maintained for a length which is commensurate with at least two and one-half revolutions of the fastener which is being formed.

Abstract: A seamless helical thread is formed through the use of a die having a thread profile defining groove which undergoes a smooth transition from a pointed form at the starting end to a finish form. The transition occurs along the portion of the groove length where the groove depth is increasing. In the case of a typical machine screw with a 60.degree. finish form, the pointed form is approximately 98.degree..

Abstract: An improved die member and method of attaching a self-piercing and riveting fastener to a panel wherein a slug pierced from the panel by the riveting fastener is securely staked in the barrel portion of the fastener during the installation of the fastener. The staking method includes driving a plurality of staking projections into said slug, thereby pinching said slug between the projections and a barrel side wall. This pinching action causes the slug to deform outwardly and lodge between the side walls of said fastener. The staking projections are preferably arranged around the perimeter of the die post, and in a most preferred embodiment, the projections have a canted side wall proximal the wall, forcing a portion of said slug toward the barrel side wall, when said slug is pinched between said canted side wall and a bottom wall of said fastener.

Abstract: An improved die member and method of attaching a self-piercing and riveting fastener to a panel wherein a slug pierced from the panel by the riveting fastener is securely staked in the tubular riveting portion of the fastener during the installation of the fastener. The staking method includes shearing integral ribbons from the inside surface of the tubular barrel portion as the barrel portion is deformed radially outwardly in an annular die cavity of the die member. The integral ribbons are then preferably deformed radially inwardly in semicircular staking cavities defined through the free end of the central die post. In the most preferred method, radial tabs are simultaneously formed in the panel slug, which are deformed against an inside surface of the barrel portion, securely staking the slug in the tubular barrel portion and preventing inadvertent removal of the slug.

Abstract: An aerospace fastener comprises a blot with a roll-formed thread, and a nut with a similar thread having a uniform pitch P. The bolt has a cylindrical shank, a threaded tip and a run-out zone between the shank and tip. The thread root in the run-out follows a smooth S-shaped curve with the concave portion preferably having a radius in the range of from 2P to 2.7P. The run-out extends from 1.4P to 2.3P from the maximum grip plane of the bolt, and preferably extends from 1.6P to 2P from the maximum grip plane. The root of the thread in the run-out lies within an envelope defined by boundaries which take into account the maximum and minimum material conditions of the bolt. The nut has a run-in truncating the crest of the nut thread complementary to the run-out to clear the root of the bolt thread when the nut is assembled on the bolt in the minimum grip condition.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the high energy rate forming of metal. A mold (11) of cage-like construction and of the shape to which the sheet metal is to be formed is lined with sheet metal and a liquid medium. A number of explosive charges are then placed at strategic locations within the liquid medium and detonated, causing deformation of the sheet metal and taking up by the metal of the shape defined by the mold. The mold is normally buried in a pit and supported therein during the deformation process. The cage-like structure of the mold enables air trapped between the sheet metal and the mold to escape during the deformation process. A method of forming boat hulls using this method is also disclosed.

Abstract: An aerospace fastener comprises a bolt with a roll-formed thread, and a nut with a similar thread having a uniform pitch P. The bolt has a cylindrical shank, a threaded tip and a run-out zone between the shank and tip. The thread root in the run-out follows a concave curve having a radius in the range of from 2.0P to 2.7P and extends 1.58P to 1.8P from the maximum grip plane of the bolt. The nut has a convexly curved run-in truncating the crest of the nut thread complementary to the run-out to clear the root of the bolt thread when the nut is assembled on the bolt in the minimum grip condition. This permits the nut to be assembled on the bolt further than in a conventional combination, and shortening of the nut and bolt by at least 1P to save weight.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for forming a power transmission member from a thin-walled blank, the apparatus including a pair of dies (84) having opposed work surfaces, and a mandrel (50) positioned between the work surfaces of the dies (84) for receiving a blank (52) to be formed and rotated upon movement of the work surfaces of the dies in opposite directions during a forming operation. The mandrel (50) includes a work surface for cooperating with the work surface of the dies (84). Notch forming projections (70) on the work surfaces of the dies (84) cooperate with the work surfaces of the mandrel (50) for roll punching notches (72) through the blank (52) as the blank (52) is rotated between the moving dies (84).

Abstract: Short thread rolling dies for forming a thread on a cylindrical body are disclosed comprising a face having a working configuration formed thereon for producing a thread on the cylindrical body with the face comprising a ramp surface inclined upwardly from a full form forward portion of the die to a height of from about one-third to about one-half thread depth and a dwell surface extending from the ramp surface to a finish portion of the die. The dwell surface has a length of from about two to about three times the circumference of the cylindrical body.

Abstract: A pair of dies are provided of which die faces are formed with depressions sequentially brought into engagement with a particular portion of a workpiece as the workpiece rolls between the die faces. By compressing the workpiece while driving the same to roll between the die faces, an excess metal of the workpiece is caused to flow into the depressions sequentially for thereby forming an asymmetrical part of the article.

Abstract: A terminal strip applicator includes a ram that carries a first die set mounted for reciprocation along a first path within a machine body and a track that automatically adjusts to accept a strip of terminals to limit the terminal strip to a second path which intersects the first path. A terminal feed mechanism sequentially resiliently advances the terminal strip along the second path until the terminal feed mechanism engages the shoulder of an interchangeable die set that precisely aligns the lead terminal carried by the terminal feed mechanism with the die sets of the applicator.

Abstract: A workpiece bite device having a pinch member provided at a side for biting a workpiece in a pair of flat cutters which are disposed with those working blades facing each other for rolling the workpiece. The pinch member is fitted to a cutter body such that a starting portion of the pinch member is positioned at a side for charging the workpiece rather than a starting portion of the working blades of the cutter body, a terminal portion is positioned at a side of the working blade starting portion of the cutter body, and a top of the pinch member protrudes higher than a top of the working blade starting portion.

Abstract: Thread rolling dies are disclosed which are provided with a band of roughness extending along the flanks of the thread forming grooves in the dies. The roughened bands provide traction between the blank and the dies so as to establish rolling without slippage at about the initial blank diamter. The roughened band is produced by electric discharge machining or grinding, using a precision-formed electrode. The electrical power applied during the formation of the roughened band is controlled so that the greatest amount of roughness, and in turn traction, is provided at the start end of the die and the band is provided with a progressively decreasing amount of roughness as it extends toward the finish end of the die. The band of roughness ends at a location spaced from the finish end of the die so that the flanks of the thread formed on the blank are smooth at the completion of the rolling operation.

Abstract: A rolling flat cutter having finishing blades corresponding to corrugation of a product to be obtained by working a tubular or cylindrical workpiece, and a method of rolling by the flat cutter. When the workpiece is worked, a pair of flat cutters are disposed such that the finishing blades face each other, and the cutters are moved rectilinearly in opposite directions perpendicular to a direction in which the finishing blades extend so that the corrugation is formed on a periphery of the workpiece from an end to the other in an axial direction thereof. As to the rolling flat cutter, a flat cutter is used which comprises a rectangular cutter body, a triangular blade base formed as a higher step on one side of a plane of the cutter body along a straight line parallel with a diagonal of the plane, and the finishing blades are formed on the blade base.

Abstract: A rolling flat die operable on a blank to produce a threaded element having self-locking threads includes a flat die moveable in a forward direction to engage the blank and form the self-locking threads on the blank. The flat die has a first section and a second section, the first section having a first plurality of first thread-forming parts having a first outer crest and a first inner root, the second section having a plurality of second thread-forming parts parallel to one another and parallel to the first thread-forming parts, each of the second thread-forming parts having a second outer crest and a second inner root.

Abstract: A power transmission member (42), as well as apparatus (10,110,210) and method for forming the power transmission member (42) from a thin-walled blank. The apparatus (10,110,210) comprises a pair of opposed toothed dies (26,30;112,114;138,140). A toothed mandrel (40) is rotatably supported between the dies and received within the sleeve portion (46), flatly engaging an annular end wall (44) of the member. The dies (26,30;112,114;138,140) and mandrel (40) have chamfered surfaces (68,70), respectively, for forming a chamfered flange (66) on the power transmission member (42) as the toothed surfaces of the dies are relatively moved during the splining operation. A loading notch (122) is formed intermediately along the toothed work surface of each die member (112,114;138,140) for receiving a blank to be splined when the notches (122) are vertically aligned with one another in a neutral or loading position on opposite sides of the mandrel.

Abstract: This invention provides a fastener having a shank with a relatively abrupt transition from an unthreaded portion to a full thread dimension, the thread runout occupying no more than one pitch length of the thread in the axial dimension, and circumferentially extending no more than about one-fourth of the circumference of the thread at its pitch diameter. The counterbore of the nut is reduced in length in light of the short transition section of the shank. The threads are rolled on the shank by opposed dies having ridges complementary to the thread to be produced which run out at one edge of the die with spaced, generally symmetrical end walls which are relatively short axially of the ridges so that the full thread dimension is achieved abruptly.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to self-piercing fasteners, such as studs, bolts or nuts, the method of attaching such fasteners to a panel and fastener installation apparatus, including the installation head and die button. The fastener includes a self-piercing and riveting annular wall which is driven into a panel supported against a die member by the installation head. The die member includes an annular die cavity surrounding a central projecting die portion which is telescopically receivable in the free open end of the fastener annular wall. The free end of the fastener annular wall includes a piercing surface which mates with a piercing surface at the outer edge of the projecting die portion to pierce a slug from the panel.

Abstract: Thread rolling dies are disclosed which are provided with a band of roughness extending along the flanks of the thread forming grooves in the dies. The roughened bands provide traction between the blank and the dies so as to establish rolling without slippage at about the initial blank diameter. The roughened band is produced by electric discharge machining or grinding, using a precision-formed electrode. The electrical power applied during the formation of the roughened band is controlled so that the greatest amount of roughness, and in turn traction, is provided at the start end of the die and the band is provided with a progressively decreasing amount of roughness as it extends toward the finish end of the die. The band of roughness ends at a location spaced from the finish end of the die so that the flanks of the thread formed on the blank are smooth at the completion of the rolling operation.

Abstract: A die for forming a Y-form rack portion of a steering rack bar from a blank by forging in which the die has at least three forming elements (44, 47, 48) relatively movable on application of forging pressure to the die to converge on a blank therein, a first of the forming elements (44) having in its cavities the shape of which corresponds to the shapes of the teeth to be formed, second and third forming elements (47, 48) having forming faces to form longitudinal guide faces (4, 5) on the Y-form rack portion on the side thereof opposite the teeth (8). The three forming elements (44, 47, 48) are shaped and arranged to move together to converge on the blank to transform it into the final form in such a manner as to inhibit escape of the material of the blank between the first and second or first and third forming elements up to substantially the last instant of closure of the die.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming splines in a first portion (22) of a shaft (13) of a workpiece (12) and a thread in a second portion (24) of the shaft (13) which has a smaller cross sectional diameter than the first portion (22), the apparatus including supports (26,28) for rotatably supporting the shaft (13) about the longitudinal axis A thereof and a pair of forming assemblies (36,36',38,38') mounted for movement with the workpiece (12) therebetween. The apparatus (10) is characterized by the forming assemblies (36,36',38,38') including oppositely opposed dies for simultaneously forming the splines in the first portion (22) of the shaft (13) having the larger cross sectional diameter and threads in the second portion (24) having the smaller cross sectional diameter in a single pass of the dies over the shaft (13).

Abstract: Serration rolling tools and thread rolling tools each having groups of leading teeth, finishing teeth and disengaging teeth are provided, a lead angle of the thread rolling tool being set in accordance with the rolling diameter of the serration section in a work piece. The thread rolling tool and serration rolling tool are arranged parallel and integrally. First a rolling operation for forming serrations is started by the serration rolling tools, a rolling operation for forming threads being started by the thread rolling tools in the course of the rolling operation by the group of the leading teeth of the serration rolling tools. A rolling operation for finishing the threads is completed in the latter half of the rolling operation by the group of the finishing teeth for the serrations. The difference in rolling diameters is absorbed by the slide of the aforesaid thread rolling tools on a shaft member (work piece), thus enabling the simultaneous formation of serrations and threads in a short rolling stroke.

Abstract: A method for simultaneously forming splines and an annular groove in a metal piece having a central portion and ends on each side thereof, the method including the steps of forming a substantially U-shaped annular recess (56) along the central portion of the workpiece which has a flat base and spaced sidewalls which are spaced apart to a greater distance than the side walls of the groove (82) to be formed, deforming the recess (56) to initially form a groove (82) therein, progressively and simultaneously forming splines in the ends of the workpiece and forming the groove (82) in the recess of the workpiece, and moving metal outwardly and upwardly from the recess as the groove (82) is formed to fill the remainder of the recess (56) and form the sidewalls of the groove (82).

Abstract: Apparatus for flanging and splining a thin-walled blank to make a splined and flanged power transmission member (42). A toothed mandrel (40) is rotatably supported between a pair of toothed dies (26,30; 112,114; 138,140). The dies and mandrel have chamfered surfaces (68,70) for forming a flange (66) on the thin-walled member as the toothed surfaces of the dies and mandrel are relatively moved during a spline forming operation.

Abstract: In pressure forming splines or teeth in the axially-extending sleeve of a clutch hub having a cylindrical oil seal surface adjacent the sleeve, a pair of special tooth-forming racks adapted to intermesh with a toothed mandrel with the sleeve therebetween and a pair of special support racks adapted to contact the oil seal surface are used. Each tooth-forming rack includes a first working surface with a plurality of toothed sections interrupted and spaced apart by toothless sections in an alternating sequence and each further includes a second working surface with uninterrupted toothed sections. Each support rack includes a first working surface with raised support sections interrupted and spaced apart by lower non-supporting sections in a proper alternating sequence and configuration to insure that the raised sections support the oil seal surface when the interrupted toothed rack sections of the tooth-forming racks deform the sleeve.

Abstract: A self-tapping screw which is rolled in such a way that a plurality of cutting screw threads performing a cutting function are provided on the top end side of a shank of a screw, whereas the screw thread performing the fastening function is provided on the base end of the shank thereof. A line formed by tracing the boundary between the resistance flank of the cutting screw thread and the shank makes a gradual and more abrupt advance toward the top end direction of the screw in comparison with the line formed by combining the tops of cutting screw threads and relieving is applied to the resistance flank of the cutting thread. The turning torque necessary for cutting the screw is thus smaller. The disclosure is secondly directed to a thread rolling die for making the above self-tapping screw.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for rolling a cylindrical blank in pressed contact with shaped rolling or die faces of rolling dies to generate, on the periphery of the blank, plural teeth corresponding to a profile of the die faces of the dies. The blank is rolled bidirectionally on the die faces of the dies, first in one of opposite directions and subsequently in the other direction. The blank is fed along its axis of rolling while it is rolled bidirectionally, to push the same between the dies for axially progressive rolling engagement thereof with the die faces. The rolling dies may be of reciprocating flat type or rotating cylindrical type. The feeding motion of the blank may be temporarily stopped upon a temporary stop of the rolling movements of the blank at the end of a first movement thereof in one of the opposite directions.

Abstract: A machine (10) for forming grooves and splines in workpiece (32) including a mounting assembly (26,28,34,36) defining a support axis for rotatably supporting the workpiece (32) for rotary movement about the axis, and dies (38,40;90,92) including opposed spline forming toothed work surfaces (46) spaced on opposite sides of the support axis for forming splines therein when the work surfaces (46) are moved relative to one another. Each of the dies (38,40;90,92) include a body portion (68) having an elongated straight slot formed therein transverse to the toothed work surfaces (46). A groove forming element (48) removably mounted in the slot simultaneously deforms the workpiece to form a groove as the toothed work surfaces (46) form spline in the workpieces. The groove forming element (48) has a constant width when viewed in transverse cross section and has a portion secured in the slot and a groove forming edge extending from the slot. The edge has leading portion and a trailing portion.

Abstract: Improved thread rolling dies are disclosed forming fasteners with a cylindrical threaded portion and a threaded pointed portion. Such dies provide a polished rise angle surface for forming and threading the pointed portion of the fastener so as to promote slippage between such surface and the pointed portion of the fastener. The polished rise angle surface improves point formation, provides better filled threads, reduces burning of the fastener and increases die life. The dies also provide a match point spaced from the end of the short die so as to reduce the likelihood of improper timing when the dies are set up in the thread rolling machine. Further the dies provide an angulated top of the rise surface to break off any whiskers or tails which might otherwise project beyond the end of the point of the fastener being formed.

Abstract: In pressure forming splines or teeth in the axially-extending sleeve of a clutch hub having a cylindrical oil seal surface adjacent the sleeve, a pair of special tooth-forming racks adapted to intermesh with a toothed mandrel with the sleeve therebetween and a pair of special support racks adapted to contact the oil seal surface are used. Each tooth-forming rack includes a first working surface with a plurality of toothed sections interrupted and spaced apart by toothless sections in an alternating sequence and each further includes a second working surface with uninterrupted toothed sections. Each support rack includes a first working surface with raised support sections interrupted and spaced apart by lower non-supporting sections in a proper alternating sequence and configuration to insure that the raised sections support the oil seal surface when the interrupted toothed rack sections of the tooth-forming racks deform the sleeve.

Abstract: A composite tooth-forming rack useful for pressure forming teeth in a workpart is provided and includes an elongated carbon steel base and an elongated toothed insert of high speed steel joined to the base by a metallic bonding agent, such as silver solder, having a melting temperature below the solution annealing temperature of the high speed steel insert and above the tempering temperature thereof so that the rack can be heat treated in conventional fashion to develop the required hardness in the toothed insert and at the same time bond the base and insert together.

Abstract: Thread rolling dies for pointed fasteners having an improved working face contour which promotes displacement of blank material from the blank point area at an early stage in the thread rolling sequence to avoid excessive pressures in the die and blank at the finishing stages of the rolling sequence. Thread cutters include an extended section that presurfaces the rise angle of the die working face to produce uniform, improved thread profiles.

Abstract: The forming machine includes a load station adjacent one end, an unload station adjacent the other end and a first work station, turnaround station and second work station spaced longitudinally in succession between the load and unload stations along a workpart flow path. Each work station includes a rotatable spindle fixed in position on one side of the flow path and a tailstock with a workpart support slidable toward the spindle transversely of the flow path. An overhead transfer mechanism is slidable along the flow path and carries multiple workpart transfer members such as grippers to transfer workparts successively from one station to the other along the flow path. First and second pairs of forming tools are spaced longitudinally to cooperate with the first and second work stations and are slidable longitudinally and simultaneously in engagement with first and second workparts rotatably and transversely supported at the respective work stations between the respective spindle and tailstock.

Abstract: A die for forming a Y-form rack portion of a steering rack bar from a blank by forging in which the die has at least three forming elements (44, 47, 48) relatively movable on application of forging pressure to the die to converge on a blank therein, a first of the forming elements (44) having in it cavities the shape of which corresponds to the shapes of the teeth to be formed, second and third forming elements (47, 48) having forming faces to form longitudinal guide faces (4, 5) on the Y-form rack portion on the side thereof opposite the teeth (8). The three forming elements (44, 47, 48) are shaped and arranged to move together to converge on the blank to transform it into the final form in such a manner as to inhibit escape of the material of the blank between the first and second or first and third forming elements up to substantially the last instant of closure of the die.

Abstract: A cut-off style, roll thread flat die for use with a matched cut-off style, roll thread flat die to form a threaded, pointed fastener such as a gimlet point screw, the cut-off style, roll thread flat die having a top operating surface comprising body-threads, point threads, a slug traction ramp to provide controlled rotation for the cut-off slug and a slug extrusion taper to provide proper extrusion of the cut-off slug from the fastener, the slug traction ramp and the slug extrusion taper extending in side-by-side relation from a start location, past a transition location to a termination location, the slug traction ramp and the slug extrusion taper having a common edge and thereby being laterally continuous from the start location to the transition location, the slug extrusion taper forming an obtuse angle with the slug traction ramp from the start location to the transition location, the edge of the slug extrusion taper adjacent the slug traction ramp being substantially vertically spaced above the edge of

Abstract: Method and dies for threading a screw comprises providing a screw blank with a portion of its length of lobular cross section and an adjacent portion of the blank of circular cross section. The blank is rolled between roll dies so as to roll the thread on the circular portion and simultaneously roll the thread at the lobes only on the lobular portion. Thereafter, the blank is rolled to additional regions of the dies wherein the thread is rolled to form on the lobular section, while the cylindrical section passes through regions of clearance or relief on the dies.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming self tapping threaded fasteners having a cylindrical gripping portion and a tapered end portion with swaging lobes thereon is disclosed. The apparatus includes a pair of flat dies having a flat G-surface formed with thread rolling grooves therein to form the gripping cylindrical portion of the fastener. A rise angle surface having thread forming grooves therein with lobe forming recesses adjacent to the finished end operate to form the tapered point with lobes thereon. The G-surface is wider at the forward end of the die and progressively narrows until a dwell or finished portion is reached adjacent to the finish end of the die. Consequently, the threads along the tapered portion of the blank are not as fully formed as the threads along the cylindrical portion when the blank reaches the finishing end and excess material is available to fill the recesses and produce the lobes.

Abstract: An improved die (20) and method for splining a thin-wall sleeve (22) of a power transmitting member by meshing die teeth (32) and teeth (28) of a toothed mandrel (26) on which the sleeve is mounted between the meshing teeth. The die (20) is preferably embodied by an elongated die rack and includes a toothed forming face (30) having a plurality of leading tooth groups (32a,32b) of a progressively changing height from one tooth to the next tooth of the same group. Each of the tooth groups has a length for splining an arcuate segment of the sleeve of no more than ninety degrees and has an average tooth height that is approximately equal to the average tooth height of each other leading tooth group. A stepped tooth group (32c) and a trailing tooth group (32d) of full teeth complete the thin-wall splining after the initial partial splining performed by the leading tooth groups.

Abstract: Thin-wall spline forming apparatus (20) disclosed includes toothed forming racks (24) having associated tooth pitch lines (48) and a toothed mandrel (22) having a tooth pitch circle (50) that is tangent to the forming rack pitch lines and of a diameter equal to the mean diameter of thin-wall splines (44) formed by meshing the rack and mandrel teeth with a thin-wall sleeve (38) of a power transmission member mounted on the mandrel between the meshing teeth. A mandrel drive gear (60) drives the mandrel in coordination with the forming racks (24) and is driven by a pair of drive racks (62) mounted for movement with the forming racks. Best results are achieved when the mandrel (22) has the same number of teeth (40) as the number of teeth (64) of the drive gear (60) and with the mandrel and drive gear teeth aligned with each other.

Abstract: A tool is provided for pressure forming teeth in the periphery of a cylindrical, tubular workpiece such as a power transmission member by rolling. The tool has an improved tooth generating configuration which improves the flow characteristics of the metal in the workpiece and develops uniformity of tooth wall thickness during the tooth generating process.

Abstract: A tool and method for pressure forming teeth on the periphery of a cylindrical work piece wherein each of the teeth has a predetermined crown formed thereon. The tool includes a body having a leading edge and a trailing edge. The trailing edge of the tool body has an undercut surface thereon supportingly receiving a tooth crowning section having the side edges thereof shaped outwardly of the undercut surface on the tool to shape transversely formed insert teeth to form a predetermined crown on the teeth of the part being formed by the tool.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved method of forming improved dies for rolling an article, such as a lock thread convolution. The dies are formed by rolling a circular hob along a flank of a thread form ridge on the die. As the hob is rolled along the thread form ridge, teeth on the hob are pressed against the thread form ridge with a constant force to form uniform indentations and/or projections in the thread form ridge. The indentations and/or projections which are formed in the thread form ridge by the hob all have the same configuration since the hob is pressed against the thread form ridge with a force of a constant magnitude as the hob is rolled along the thread form ridge. During the rolling of an external thread convolution on a bolt blank with the improved die, the indentation and/or projections on the thread form ridge shape teeth on the flank of an external thread convolution on the bolt.

Abstract: Large containers for moving cargo are frequently made of steel in which the side panels are strengthened by making them so as to have elongated alternate lands and grooves. The invention is an apparatus for reforming deformed lands and grooves and removing dents in the panels. It includes a power actuated tool for applying force against the deformed structure and a hydraulic power source connected to the tool. A four-way valve is used to supply pressurized fluid from the source to the tool. A frame connected to the hydraulic power source extends externally of the tool, of a tool holding stand, and of the deformed structure. On each side of the panels the frame has vertical members having protrusions which are adapted to move into spaced grooves formed on the outside of the panels and adjacent the deformation on one side of the container.