Abstract: With the invention, a method and device for explosive forming of work pieces, in which at least one work piece is arranged in at least one die and deformed by means of an explosive to be ignited, is to be improved, in that an ignition mechanism that is technically simple to handle, is produced with the shortest possible setup time, which permits the most precise possible ignition of the explosive with time-repeatable accuracy. This task is solved by a method and device, in which at least one work piece is arranged in at least one die and deformed by means of an explosive to be ignited, in which the explosive is ignited by means of induction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for attachment to a conventional sheet metal forming press. The apparatus allows the sheet metal forming process to be preformed fully submerged in an oil. Methods for sheet metal forming in oil are also provided.

Abstract: A ring supporting device is provided with six support shafts capable of approaching and separating from the inner walls of metal rings. Each of the support shafts has an exposed side wall having formed thereon annular ridges and grooves. The side walls of the support shafts each have cushioning materials having a height substantially corresponding to the height of each of the grooves. The cushioning materials deform when the inner walls of the metallic rings make contact with the cushioning materials, and this relaxes a force which tries to expand the metallic rings from the inner wall side to the outer wall side.

Abstract: An electro-hydraulic forming tool having one or more electrodes for forming parts with sharp corners. The electrodes may be moved and sequentially discharged several times to form various areas of the tube. Alternatively, a plurality of electrodes may be provided that are provided within an insulating tube that defines a charge area opening. The insulating tube is moved to locate the charge area opening adjacent one of the electrodes to form spaced locations on a preform. In other embodiments, a filament wire is provided in a cartridge or supported by an insulative support.

Abstract: A method for peening a surface of a material is disclosed. The method may include producing repeated, separated and high speed liquid drops and moving the liquid drops across the surface to be peened. The liquid drops are essentially free of air bubbles and the velocity of the liquid drops is at least 500 ft/sec. A peening apparatus to produce repeated, separated and high speed liquid drops is also disclosed. The apparatus may comprise a storage tank, a nozzle, a pump, an accumulator, a regulator and an actuator. The apparatus may control the volume and velocity of the produced liquid drops as well as the frequency of the liquid drop production.

Abstract: Provided are a conveying jig, a method of manufacturing the conveying jig, and a method of heat-treating metal rings using the conveying jig. The conveying jig is provided with a base and ten holding shafts raised from the base. Ridges and grooves are alternatively provided in the side wall of each holding shaft. The metal rings are held in position by being engaged in the grooves in the holding shafts. The space enclosed within the holding shafts is communicated with the atmosphere, and this allows, when the metal rings held by the conveying jig are subjected to heat treatment in a heat treatment furnace, an atmospheric gas to circulate in the space enclosed within the holding shafts.

Abstract: Systems and methods to generate beneficial residual stresses in a material, clean, strip coatings from, or roughen surfaces by generating cavitation shock waves without damaging the surface of the material. Shock waves emanate through the target material from collapsing cavitation voids in and around a liquid jet to generate residual stresses without impinging the jet against the material, or by impinging the material at shallow angles, and without significantly damaging or deforming the surface of the target material.

Abstract: An explosion forming apparatus (10) that preferably utilizes a shock wave (42) directed along a work piece (12) to progressively conform the work piece to a contour die cavity (44).

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed whereby a propellant driven water stream is used in the formation of materials made from high tensile strength alloys. High pressure developed in liquid flowing through a tubular work piece is employed to achieve desired forms. The high pressure results from superposition of compression waves generated in the course of the impact of the liquid by products of propellant combustion.

Abstract: A device for explosive forming of a tubular work piece includes a multipart explosive forming die, which defines a forming area having an inner surface corresponding to a final shape of the tubular work piece and a nozzle arrangement disposed adjacent to the forming area. The device also includes a plug for forming a seal by simultaneously deforming an end of the work piece and clamping the deformed end between the plug and a facing surface of the nozzle arrangement. In this way, the work piece itself contributes to the sealing of an internal explosion space. With insertion of new work piece blanks, and introduction of the plug during each individual forming process, new seals are produced in a convenient manner during subsequent forming processes. The device supports a simplified handling approach and integrates several functions into one working step, resulting in a shorter cycle times and cost-effective industrial production.

Abstract: A laser nanoforming system and method for forming three-dimensional nanostructures from a metallic surface. A laser beam is directed to hit and explode an ablative layer to generate a shockwave that exerts a force on the metallic surface to form an inverse nanostructure of an underlying mold. A dry lubricant can be located between the metallic surface and mold to reduce friction. A confinement layer substantially transparent to the laser beam can confine the shockwave. A cushion layer can protect the mold from damage. A flyer layer between the ablative layer and metallic surface can protect the metallic surface from thermal effects of the exploding ablative layer. The mold can have feature sizes less than 500 nm. The metallic surface can be aluminum film. The dry lubricant can be sputtered Au—Cr film, evaporated Au film or a dip-coated PVP film or other dry lubricant materials.

Abstract: A top head of a reactor pressure vessel is provided with a plurality of control rod drive mechanism (CRDM) penetration pipes arranged in a square grid-like pattern. The CRDM penetration pipes are joined by a tube support member disposed among them. The top head is placed on a tank and water is filled in an inner region of the tank and the top head. A travel apparatus moves a nozzle lifting/lowering apparatus to a predetermined location and a lifting/lowering mechanism is operated to lift a jet nozzle above the tube support member in the neighboring four CRDM penetration pipes. An ejection outlet of the jet nozzle is directed to a weld between one of the CRDM penetration pipes and the top head, and a water jet is ejected to start WJP. A nozzle turning mechanism turns the jet nozzle, and WJP is executed sequentially to the four CRDM penetration pipes.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed whereby a propellant driven water stream is used in the formation of materials made from high tensile strength alloys. High pressure developed in liquid flowing through a tubular work piece is employed to achieve desired forms. The high pressure results from superposition of compression waves generated in the course of the impact of the liquid by products of propellant combustion.

Abstract: A mirror or mirror assembly fabricated by molding, pressing, assembling, or depositing one or more bulk metal glass (BMG), bulk metal glass composite (BMGMC), or amorphous metal (AM) parts and where the optical surface and backing of the mirror can be fabricated without machining or polishing by utilizing the unique molding capabilities of this class of materials.

Abstract: A magnetic pulse forming device for a roll forming system includes forward and rearward guide rolling means, a guiding means including guiding rails disposed on the base between the forward and rearward guide rolling means and guide frames movably disposed on the guiding rails, a magnetic forming means including an upper plate connecting the guide frames corresponding to an upper surface of the forming beam, a coil housing assembled to the upper plate and a coil disposed within the coil housing and electrically connected to a pulse generator to generate a magnetic pulse by input current, a movement detector, a synchronizing motor connected to the lead screw to rotate the lead screw and a screw housing engaged with the lead screw and moving the guide frames with the forming beam in the process direction by rotation of the lead screw, and a forming mold.

Abstract: An explosion forming apparatus (10) that preferably utilizes a shock wave (42) directed along a work piece (12) to progressively conform the work piece to a contour die cavity (44).

Abstract: A method of welding two workpieces together is described. A conductor in electrical communication with a pulse circuit is provided. A portion of the second workpiece is located adjacent the conductor. The two workpieces are also located together. A portion, or all, of one workpiece is welded to the other by applying a pulse current to one of the workpieces. A method of forming a workpiece is disclosed using a pulse current to move the workpiece into a desired shape.

Abstract: A tool for modifying a workpiece by either trimming or joining the workpiece. The tool is an electro-hydraulic tool that uses a pulse transmitted through a liquid to trim a workpiece or to join two thicknesses of metal together. A method of trimming the workpiece includes the steps of providing a high voltage discharge in a liquid that drives a workpiece into engagement with a cutting edge of a tool steel insert. A method of joining two or more thicknesses of metal together includes the step of creating a high voltage discharge through an electrode that accelerates one panel or thickness of metal into a second panel that is held stationary by a backing plate while the first thickness of metal is accelerated into the second thickness of metal.

Abstract: It shall be achieved by the invention that a workpiece for an explosion forming process, which can be inserted into a forming tool and which can be deformed from an initial shape by means of explosion forming, and the explosion forming method are improved such that a satisfactory quality of the workpiece with the desired wall thickness is achieved in a simple manner. This object is achieved by a workpiece and a respective explosion forming method in which the initial shape of the workpiece has at least in some portions a supply of material for the explosion forming process, which is pre-formed compared to adjoining portions or which is provided therewith.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for high velocity electromagnetic metal forming are described for sealing containers. The methods include applying an electromagnetic field to the container to seal a metal containing cap to the container. One or more containers may be simultaneously sealed. The apparatus includes an actuator that emits the electromagnetic field to seal the caps to the containers. The containers may contain a medicine.

Abstract: A method of pre-stressing a component comprises providing an electrically conducting sheet adjacent to a component within a medium. An electrical discharge is supplied from an electrical discharge circuit to the electrically conducting sheet to produce vaporization of the electrically conducting sheet. The vaporization of the electrically conducting sheet produces a planar pressure pulse in the medium adjacent to the component. The planar pressure pulse impacts on a surface of the component to produce a region of residual compressive stress within the component.

Abstract: A device producing a patterned plate includes a die and an electromagnetic actuator. The die includes a patterned surface with a pattern formed thereon and a fracturing part. The tubular work piece is disposed between the die and the electromagnetic actuator such that walls of the tubular work piece correspond to walls of the die. When the electromagnetic actuator is supplied with a current pulse, an eddy current is induced in the tubular work piece, generating a repulsive force between the electromagnetic actuator and the tubular work piece. Therefore, the tubular work piece impacts the die, and a forming surface of the tubular work piece is deformed against the patterned surface and the fracturing part, thus replicating the pattern of the patterned surface onto the forming surface. At the same time, the tubular work piece is fractured at the position corresponding to the fracturing part.

Abstract: A system and method for electromagnetic surface treatment of a work piece has an electromagnetic pulse generator and an electromagnetic pulse tool. The work piece has a working surface. A current pulse generated by the electromagnetic pulse generator travels through the tool producing an electromagnetic pulse. The electromagnetic pulse interacts with the working surface causing an indentation to form. A residual compressive stress layer is also formed. The indentation has a smooth and continuous topography that is described by an indentation perimeter, an indentation transition region, an indentation sidewall, an impact transition region, and an impact region. The method may also simultaneously, or subsequently, form a second indentation which overlaps with the indentation. An inter-indentation overlap region is formed when the indentations overlap. The inter-indentation overlap region is smooth and continuous. Multiple treated surfaces may easily be formed on the working surface of the work piece.

Abstract: There is provided a method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet whose iron losses are reduced by laser beam irradiation, capable of improving the iron losses in both the L-direction and the C-direction while easily ensuring high productivity. The method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet reduces iron losses by scanning and irradiating a grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet with a continuous-wave laser beam condensed into a circular or elliptical shape at constant intervals in a direction substantially perpendicular to a rolling direction of the grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet, wherein when an average irradiation energy density Ua is defined as Ua=P/(Vc×PL) (mJ/mm2), where P (W) is average power of the laser beam, Vc (m/s) is a beam scanning velocity, and PL (mm) is an irradiation interval in a rolling direction, PL and Ua are in the following ranges: 1.0 mm?PL?3.0 mm, 0.8 mJ/mm2?Ua?2.0 mJ/mm2.

Abstract: Electromagnetic forming methods suitable for creating surface features on a shape memory alloy are described. Features may be created over a range of scales, including those suitable for the generation of holographic images. Features, images, or patterns may be made capable of reversibly appearing and disappearing as a result of changes in temperature and may include temperature sensitive displays for automotive and other applications.

Abstract: Peening provides compression of component surfaces in order to create residual surface compressions to resist crack propagation in components such as aerofoils. Previously peening techniques have had problems with respect to achieving adequate treatment depths, speed of treatment and with respect to effectiveness. By the present method arrangement an electrical conductor in the form of a wire is subject to electrical pulses to cause evaporation and subsequent breakdown with high power ultrasound (HPU) propagation in a volume of dielectric fluid towards a component and so peening. The electrical conductor ensures that there is limited possibility of electrical discharge to the component surface while the positioning of the wire relative to the surface can be adjusted to achieve best effect particularly if reflector devices are utilized to concentrate (HPU) pulse presentation to the component.

Abstract: An apparatus for pre-stressing a component, the apparatus includes means to direct a beam of radiation in a path through a medium adjacent to the component between a pair of electrodes to produce ionisation in the path through the medium and means to produce an electrical discharge between the pair of electrodes in the path through the medium to produce a pressure pulse in the medium adjacent to the component without the electrical discharge directly contacting the component, the pressure pulse impacting a surface of the component to produce a region of compressive residual stress within the component.

Abstract: Through the invention, a closure device for explosive forming with a connection unit movable relative to the explosive forming die between a working position on the die and a rest position is to be configured, so that the explosive forming die can be closed in simple and reliable fashion and, at the same time, the explosion forces supported. This task is solved by a closure device, in which a wedge structure is guided to move on a static holding structure and is motion-coupled to the connection unit, the resulting movement of the connection unit being directed across the movement of the wedge structure.

Abstract: An electrode assembly for electro-hydraulic forming tool in which the insulation sleeve is assembled over an electrode rod. The insulation sleeve has a deflection surface that is beveled or oriented at an angle relative to the axis of the electrode rod. The electrode assembly may include a replaceable conical receptacle that facilitates placement of an electrode tip an insulation sleeve tip. An electrode tip profile that is shaped to minimize erosion caused by discharge of the electro-hydraulic forming machine.

Abstract: Methods and devices provide for high velocity forming of medical device casings. The high velocity forming may be produced by creating a pressure wave within a liquid contained by an enclosure. A die and a workpiece adjacent to the die are in the path of the pressure wave within the enclosure and the pressure wave forces the workpiece to conform to the contours of the die. Objects may be adhered to the die to provide for customized contours. Trimming features may be included within the enclosure to trim excess material from a formed workpiece as an integral part of the forming process. Various other features may also be provided within the enclosure including a diffuser to disperse the pressure wave. The workpiece may be of various forms including flat sheet stock.

Abstract: A device for explosive forming of a tubular work piece includes a multipart explosive forming die, which defines a forming area having an inner surface corresponding to a final shape of the tubular work piece and a nozzle arrangement disposed adjacent to the forming area. The device also includes a plug for forming a seal by simultaneously deforming an end of the work piece and clamping the deformed end between the plug and a facing surface of the nozzle arrangement. In this way, the work piece itself contributes to the sealing of an internal explosion space. With insertion of new work piece blanks, and introduction of the plug during each individual forming process, new seals are produced in a convenient manner during subsequent forming processes. The device supports a simplified handling approach and integrates several functions into one working step, resulting in a shorter cycle times and cost-effective industrial production.

Abstract: A producing method of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes forming a preferentially-deformable portion at an end region of a steel sheet so as to be parallel with the rolling direction of the steel sheet; coiling the steel sheet; and performing a final annealing to the steel sheet after disposing the steel sheet in a manner such that the end region becomes the lower side of the steel sheet.

Abstract: Articles are often formed from a tubular workpiece in a process which does not usefully shape the ends of the tube. In an embodiment of the invention, tube ends may be mechanically reduced in cross section and then expanded against a secondary forming surface(s) using an electromagnetic force to obtain desired shapes for the tube ends and minimize scrapping of workpiece material.

Abstract: A bulge forming method includes arranging a raw material tube inside a die having an inner surface shape, in which plural crest portions and root portions are alternately formed, and providing a rod inside the raw material tube in the axial direction of the raw material tube, and the rod has a pressurized liquid supply opening. The bulge forming method further includes providing a pair of sealing portion having the pressurized liquid supply opening therebetween, and the sealing portions seal a space between the raw material tube and the rod. The bulge forming method further includes moving the rod in the axial direction while applying compressive stress to the raw material tube in the axial direction and supplying a pressurized liquid from the pressurized liquid supply opening into the raw material tube, whereby the raw material tube is formed into the shape of the inner surface of the die.

Abstract: A laser nanoforming system and method for forming three-dimensional nanostructures from a metallic surface. A laser beam is directed to hit and explode an ablative layer to generate a shockwave that exerts a force on the metallic surface to form an inverse nanostructure of an underlying mold. A dry lubricant can be located between the metallic surface and mold to reduce friction. A confinement layer substantially transparent to the laser beam can confine the shockwave. A cushion layer can protect the mold from damage. A flyer layer between the ablative layer and metallic surface can protect the metallic surface from thermal effects of the exploding ablative layer. The mold can have feature sizes less than 500 nm. The metallic surface can be aluminum film. The dry lubricant can be sputtered Au—Cr film, evaporated Au film or a dip-coated PVP film or other dry lubricant materials.

Abstract: A high pressure pump includes a pump housing. A piston rod located within the pump housing defines a plurality of pump cavities and a plurality of piston cavities. Movement of the piston within the piston cylinder pumps the fluid from the piston cavities out of the high pressure pump. The continuous pumping of HWBF from the pump housing provides fluid at a relatively constant flow and pressure. The HWBF pressure is also at a higher pressure than traditional single stage high pressure pumps can provide.

Abstract: A device for producing a pattern onto a work piece includes a die, an electromagnetic actuator and a base. The die includes a patterned surface, and the patterned surface includes a pattern. The electromagnetic actuator includes an plate body, a convex part and a strip unit connected to the plate body. The electromagnetic actuator is disposed in the base. When the electromagnetic actuator is activated while a work piece is being positioned between the patterned surface and the electromagnetic actuator, an inductive current is generated on the work piece by the electromagnetic actuator, and then a repulsive force is generated between the electromagnetic actuator and the work piece. The repulsive force causes the work piece to adhere to the patterned surface, forcing the work piece to deform against the patterned surface and to take on the shape of the pattern.

Abstract: With the invention, a method and a device for explosive forming of a tubular work piece, which comprises a multipart forming die almost fully enclosing the work piece in the closed state, and in which a plug is provided in the area of at least one end of the forming die, is to be improved, in that forming of a tubular work piece is possible in a simple method that promotes fewer individual work steps and is therefore cost-effective. This task is solved by a method and a device for explosive forming, in which a seal between the forming die and the plug is formed when the plug is inserted, in which the work piece end is mounted between the forming die and deformed.

Abstract: An explosive device that can generate a projectile from the opposite side of a wall from the side where the explosive device is detonated. The projectile can be generated without breaching the wall of the structure or container. The device can optionally open an aperture in a solid wall of a structure or a container and form a high-kinetic-energy projectile from the portion of the wall removed to create the aperture.

Abstract: Electromagnetic forming can lead to better formability along with additional benefits. The spatial distribution of forming pressure in electromagnetic forming can be controlled by the configuration of the actuator. A type of actuator is discussed which gives a uniform pressure distribution in forming. It also provides a mechanically robust design and has a high efficiency for flat sheet forming.

Abstract: A method for manufacture of a compressor housing which is resistant to a titanium fire (burning titanium). An explosion cladding of a circular blank made of steel, or steel alloy, or superalloy which is incombustible in the presence of a titanium fire is accomplished on a circular blank made from titanium or titanium alloy.

Abstract: For surface strengthening of blisk blades, a blade area of the blisk is completely inserted into a water bath (13), and a multitude of high-pressure water jets are injected into the water bath which are directed bilaterally and essentially vertically—and opposite to each other—to both blade sides. Cavitation bubbles imploding near the blade surface that are generated in the water bath on the periphery of the high-pressure water jets to produce micro jets upon imploding, exerting an effect on the blade surface, creating plastically formed depressions without sharp edges. An apparatus for performing the method includes a container (3), a jetting unit (6) having parallel spaced apart water-jet tubes (4) with nozzle openings connected to a high-pressure water conduit (5) to produce the high-pressure water jets.

Abstract: A press punch for pressing a powder includes a generally cylindrical metallic body and a polyurethane layer disposed around the metallic body. The metallic body has a nominal outside diameter and a generally flat bottom face. The polyurethane layer is disposed around the metallic body such that a bottom of the polyurethane layer is flush with the generally flat bottom face of the metallic body and an outside diameter of the polyurethane layer is substantially the same as the nominal outside diameter of the metallic body. In another embodiment, the outside diameter of the polyurethane layer is greater than the nominal outside diameter of the metallic body.

Abstract: An electromagnetically formed fluid circuit joint (150) includes a tubular conduit (58) that has an outer surface (154) with a groove (72). A hollow fitting (56) is mechanically separate from and received over the tubular conduit (58). The hollow fitting (56) includes an electromagnetic field formed wall deformation (165) that extends into the groove (72).

Abstract: A method for applying a surface structure to a solid body, wherein a structured surface is placed directly or indirectly onto the surface of the solid body and the structure of this structured surface is reproduced in the surface of the solid body, in that an explosive structured layer having the structured surface is arranged on the surface of the solid body and in that the structure of the explosive structured layer is disseminated by ignition of the same in the surface of the solid body; and/or at least one moulded structured layer having the structured surface is arranged on the surface of the solid body and is disseminated in the surface of the solid body by igniting a separate explosive layer, According to the invention the surface of the solid body is provided with a surface pre-structure before the actual dissemination, at least in regions, wherein the structure of the explosive structured layer or the moulded structured layer is disseminated on at least one partial region of the surface pre-struc

Abstract: The invention has as its object to perform hydroforming so that no buckling or wrinkles remain at a hydroformed product with a long expanded region and comprises performing a first step of raising the internal pressure in a state with the metal tube fixed in position at the two ends or a state applying axial pushing actions of 10% or less of the total amount of axial pushing action, then applying axial pushing actions while holding the internal pressure at a constant pressure so as to expand the metal tube near the ends, then performing a second step of raising only the internal pressure without applying any axial pushing action so as to thereby expand a center of the metal tube, then performing a third step of lowering only the internal pressure to the value of the constant pressure without applying any axial pushing action, then repeating the first to third steps one or more times, then raising the internal pressure in the state not applying any axial pushing action or applying an axial pushing action of 10

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed whereby a propellant driven water stream is used in the formation of materials made from high tensile strength alloys. High pressure developed in liquid flowing through a tubular work piece is employed to achieve desired forms. The high pressure results from superposition of compression waves generated in the course of the impact of the liquid by products of propellant combustion.

Abstract: A method of using an electromagnetic forming machine to hem a panel assembly includes providing an inner panel and an outer panel. The outer panel has a plurality of flanges and a plurality of relief areas. An electric forming machine is provided having a coil for discharging electric energy to generate a magnetic field. The inner panel is positioned such that portions of the outer edge of the inner panel are aligned with the flanges of the outer panel to form a loose assembly of panels. The loose assembly of panels is positioned proximate the electromagnetic forming machine such that the coil surrounds the flanges and is disposed substantially coplanar with a plane formed by the relief areas. The electromagnetic forming machine is activated to generate a magnetic field causing the flanges to bend over.

Abstract: A tubular preform is contracted in an electro-hydraulic forming operation. The tubular preform is wrapped with one or more coils of wire and placed in a chamber of an electro-hydraulic forming tool. The electro-hydraulic forming tool is discharged to form a compressed area on a portion of the tube. The tube is then placed in a hydroforming tool that expands the tubular preform to form a part.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a workpiece having a desired configuration as well as an associated preform assembly are provided. The forming method and apparatus as well as the preform assembly include a hydrostatic pressing medium, such as a layer of glass, disposed within the die cavity proximate to at least one side of the workpiece. The hydrostatic pressing medium is configured to have a relatively low viscosity at the temperatures at which the workpiece is processed, thereby facilitating the relatively even application of pressure to the workpiece. As such, a workpiece having a complex configuration may be formed utilizing a single acting die.