Abstract: The measurement of electrodermal activity (EDA) can be facilitated by a sensing surface. The sensing surface can have a plurality of electrode pairs. An electrode pair can include a first electrode and a second electrode that are electrically isolated from each other. The plurality of electrode pairs can be electrically isolated from each other. A distance between neighboring electrode pairs can be larger than a distance between the first electrode and a second electrode of each electrode pair. One or more sensors can be configured to detect contact with the sensing surface. In response to the one or more sensors detecting contact with the sensing surface, one or more electrode pairs can be selected to be activated. In response to the one or more electrode pairs being selected to be activated, the selected one or more electrode pairs can be activated.

Abstract: An exhaust gas aftertreatment system includes: a first sensor configured to measure a parameter in the exhaust gas aftertreatment system; a second sensor configured to measure the parameter in the exhaust gas aftertreatment system, the second sensor disposed proximate the first sensor; and at least one controller configured to alternately receive sensor values from the first sensor for a first target period of time, and receive sensor values from the second sensor for a second target period of time.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a sensor element capable of detecting a target substance contained in an atmosphere is disclosed. The sensor includes a graphene, a drain electrode provided on the graphene, a source electrode adhered to the graphene, and a first substance provided on the graphene and having a charge condition. The charge condition is changed when irradiation of light and stopping of the irradiation of the light are performed. The target substance is detectable by measuring current that flows between the source electrode and the drain electrode. The measuring of the current is performed in a period during which the irradiation of the light and the stopping of the irradiation of the light are repeated above the sensor element.

Abstract: The odor exploration method explores an odor based on odor information generated using a plurality of sensor elements each outputting a detection signal according to the state of adsorption by indicating an adsorption reaction unique to each odor substance, and an arithmetic unit generating the odor information by quantifying each detection signal from the sensor elements. The method includes a detection step detecting a first gas containing odor substances, a generation step generating a first odor information group generated based on a detection result of the first gas, a preparation step preparing a second odor information group generated based on a detection of a second gas, and a calculation step calculating a sum of or a difference between the second odor information group and the first odor information group based on a sum of or difference between the odor information generated for the first gas and for the second gas using the same sensor element.

Abstract: A sensor and a method of using the sensor are disclosed. The sensor includes a conductive region in electrical communication with two electrodes, the conductive region including a MXene material combined with a mercaptoimidazolyl metal-ligand complex, wherein the MXene has the formula Mn+1Xn and M is at least one of a Group 3 transition metal, Group 4 transition metal, Group 5 transition metal, and Group 6 transition metal, X is carbon, nitrogen or a combination thereof, and n has a value of 1 to 3. The sensor can be used to detect volatile compounds that have a double or triple bond.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the disclosure, a gold (Au)-embedded triple-layer SnO2 nanocomposite comprises three layers of SnO2—Au—SnO2?x (0<x<2), wherein the Au is buried between the SnO2 and SnO2-x (0<x<2) layers. Also provided is a method for manufacturing the AU-embedded SnO2 nanocomposite.

Abstract: A gas sensing method and a gas sensing system are provided. The gas sensing method includes using a gas sensing device to sense a target gas, the gas sensing device having a self-heating region capable of producing a change in resistance in response to the target gas being sensed by the gas sensing device, and controlling a change in supply of current or voltage to the gas sensing device according to the change in resistance, so that the gas sensing device is substantially maintained operating at a predetermined temperature for sensing the target gas.

Abstract: A composite photocatalyst, a photocatalytic filter for air purification, and an air purification device that includes the photocatalytic filter. The composite photocatalyst includes: a first metal oxide particle; and second metal oxide particles arranged on a surface of the first metal oxide particle, wherein specific surface area of the second metal oxide particles is greater than specific surface area of the first metal oxide particle, and bandgap energy of the second metal oxide particles is greater than bandgap energy of the first metal oxide particle. The composite photocatalyst structure may degrade and remove gaseous pollutants under room temperature and atmospheric pressure conditions. The composite photocatalyst may be applied to various indoor and outdoor air purification systems in the form of a photocatalytic filter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a copper oxide solid for use in plating of a substrate using an insoluble anode. Further the present invention relates to a method of producing the copper oxide solid. Further the present invention relates to an apparatus for supplying a plating solution in which the copper oxide solid is dissolved into a plating tank. A copper oxide solid (CS) to be supplied into a plating solution for plating a substrate (W) includes a copper oxide powder and a liquid as a binder to solidify the copper oxide powder.

Abstract: An indoor gardening appliance includes a liner defining a grow chamber and a grow module rotatably mounted within the grow chamber for receiving a plurality of plant pods. A recirculation duct is in fluid communication with the grow chamber and a fan assembly circulates a flow of air through the recirculation duct and the grow chamber. A gas sensing assembly includes a gas sensor positioned within the recirculation duct for detecting the concentration of a gas within the flow of air and a flow stabilization device at least partially surrounding the gas sensor for reducing pressure fluctuations in the flow of air and improving gas sensor accuracy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a copper oxide solid for use in plating of a substrate using an insoluble anode. Further the present invention relates to a method of producing the copper oxide solid. Further the present invention relates to an apparatus for supplying a plating solution in which the copper oxide solid is dissolved into a plating tank. A copper oxide solid (CS) to be supplied into a plating solution for plating a substrate (W) includes a copper oxide powder and a liquid as a binder to solidify the copper oxide powder.

Abstract: A health exposure sensor system includes a housing, a monitoring platform in the housing, and a power source. The monitoring platform includes at least one modular gas sensor, a circuit board having a microcontroller, and data ports for connecting the modular gas sensor to the circuit board. The housing includes manifolds to direct atmospheric air to the modular gas sensor. The modular gas sensor includes a gas detector and a gas sensor circuit board having a gas sensor microcontroller. The gas sensor microcontroller includes at least one on-chip universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter peripheral and at least one on-chip USB peripheral, where both peripherals include input/output functionality and are connected to a single data port interface for external communication. An associated method of operating the same includes selectively enabling individually either the UART peripheral or the USB peripheral via digital I/O configuration of the microcontroller.

Abstract: Systems and methods of applying a prediction model to metal oxide sensors that change their electric resistances in response to surrounding gas concentrations for predicting equilibrium state resistance values of the sensors. The method includes heating a metal oxide sensor to for a predetermined period of time for the metal oxide sensor to interact with a surrounding gas; sampling transient resistance values of the metal oxide sensor to obtain sampled transient resistance values; determining an electrical resistance of the metal oxide sensor in a chemical equilibrium state of the interaction of the metal oxide sensor and the surrounding gas via applying a neural network; and determining a concentration level of the surrounding gas at the chemical equilibrium state by mapping the determined electrical resistance to a corresponding concentration level of the surrounding gas.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes: a substrate; a first conductor and a second conductor that are disposed on the substrate; an insulating layer; and an adsorbent layer. The insulating layer covers the first conductor and the second conductor, and has a first opening that allows a part of a surface of the first conductor to be exposed therethrough and a second opening that allows a part of a surface of the second conductor to be exposed therethrough. The adsorbent layer contains a conductive material and an organic adsorbent that can adsorb a gas. The adsorbent layer is in contact with the first conductor and the second conductor respectively through the first opening and the second opening.

Abstract: A gas sensor array comprises a plurality of metal decorated metal oxide film based on three-dimensional nanostructured templates, each including a porous anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) template and a plurality of metal decorated metal oxide films. The porous AAO substrate has a top surface with top gold electrodes, a bottom surface with bottom gold electrodes and a plurality of pores. Each pore has an interior wall and two openings located on the top surface and the bottom surface respectively for allowing air to enter into the pore. Each metal-decorated metal oxide film comprises a metal oxide film and metal decoration particles. The metal oxide film has an internal surface attaching on a respective interior wall and an external surf-ace being decorated with the metal particles. Each decoration metal is different to provide different sensitivities in response to an environmental gas.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a method of operating a gas sensor includes setting power to a heater in contact with a MOx sensor to provide a temperature that is below a threshold temperature; holding the temperature below the threshold temperature for a period of time to reduce ozone concentration in a gas sample in contact with the MOx sensor; increasing power to the heater to increase the temperature of the MOx sensor to an operating temperature; acquiring resistance data from the MOx sensor at the operating temperature; and processing the resistance data to provide a result related the gas sample.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a load resistance connectable in series with the electronic sensor to form a series resistance of the load resistance and the internal impedance of the electronic sensor; an excitation circuit configured to apply a predetermined voltage to a circuit element; and a measurement circuit configured to: initiate applying the predetermined voltage to the series resistance and determining the series resistance; initiate applying the predetermined voltage to the load resistance and determining the load resistance; and calculate the internal impedance of the sensor using the determined series resistance and the load resistance, and provide the calculated internal impedance to a user or process.

Abstract: An atmospheric pressure plasma system includes an atmospheric pressure plasma source that generates a glow discharge-type plasma. The atmospheric pressure plasma source comprises a plasma head and a gas sensor system. The plasma head includes a gas inlet, a gas passage surrounded by a dielectric liner, a radio frequency (RF) electrode and a ground electrode. The RF electrode and the ground electrode are arranged at opposite sides of an outer surface of a segment of the gas passage. The gas sensor system comprises a first pellistor that is exposed to a process gas entering the gas inlet and provides real-time monitoring of the presence and concentration of helium in the process gas entering the gas inlet during plasma operation.

Abstract: The embodiments provide a method making it possible to safely and inexpensively measure concentrations of combustible gases, such as methanol, at room temperature even in high concentration atmospheres, and also provide a sensor making it possible to carry out the above measurement method. The measurement method comprises: arranging a film containing nanoparticles of tungsten oxide and a pair of electrodes which are separated from each other and which individually keep in contact with said film in said atmosphere, exposing said film to light, measuring electric resistance change of said film before and after exposing said film to light, and determining said concentration based on said change.

Abstract: A ratiometric vapor sensor is described that includes a first sensor and a second sensor. The first sensor includes a first semiconductor component comprising a vapor-sensitive semiconducting organic compound, while the second sensor includes a second semiconductor component comprising a modified vapor-sensitive semiconducting organic compound including a modifying organic group. The ratiometric vapor sensor can be used to detect the presence of a vapor such as nitrogen dioxide, and determine the concentration of the vapor by comparing the outputs of electrodes connected to the first and second sensor.

Abstract: A method includes applying heat to a metal oxide sensing element of a gas sensor, varying the heat applied to the metal oxide sensing element for at least a time interval, and measuring an electrical resistance of the metal oxide sensing element versus variation of the heat for a time interval. The measurement of electrical resistance of the metal oxide sensing element versus variation of the heat applied to the metal oxide sensing element is compared to a set of corresponding reference measurements associated with a plurality of different target gases. A further sensor parameter versus the variation of electrical resistance and variation of the heat applied is measured to obtain a three-dimensional trajectory corresponding to variation of the sensor resistance, the variation of said heat and the variation of the further sensor parameter. This comparing includes comparing the trajectory in three dimensions to a set of reference three-dimensional objects.

Abstract: A gas detection device is provided. The device includes a substrate and a dielectric material applied to the substrate. A sensor material is applied to the dielectric film. The sensor material has a bottom, a side, and a top surface. An electrode material is at least partially applied to the dielectric film and at least partially applied to a portion of the side of the sensor material and a portion of the top surface of the sensor material to pin a portion of the sensor material to the dielectric material. The electrode material forms a vapor barrier upon the sensor material to facilitate preventing delamination between the sensor material and the electrode material over portions of the sensor material where the sensor material is not pinned to the dielectric material.

Abstract: In a sensor element for a limiting-current type gas sensor measuring concentration of NOx in a measurement gas, an inner pump electrode located to face a first internal space communicating, under predetermined diffusion resistance, with a gas inlet through which a measurement gas is introduced from an external space is made of a cermet of a Pt—Au alloy and zirconia, and includes a first portion located on a surface farther from a heater part and a second portion located on a surface closer to the heater part from among surfaces opposing each other in the first internal space, an Au content with respect to the Pt—Au alloy as a whole of the second portion is 0.3 wt % or more smaller than that of the first portion, and a total area of the first portion and the second portion is 10 mm2 to 25 mm2.

Abstract: Methods of the disclosed subject matter provide compensation for sensor drift in a hazard detection device having a plurality of sensors coupled to a processor to determine that a carbon monoxide sensor is drifting and to compensate for the drift by calculating a corrected carbon monoxide measurement value based on the ambient environmental conditions.

Abstract: A sensor structure is disclosed comprising at least four planar layers subsuming at least one cavity housed but not contained by overlapping apertures through at least two of the planar layers, wherein the at least one cavity comprises a plurality of chambers, and wherein at least one chamber of the plurality of chambers is configured to be in fluid coupling with at least one other chamber. The plurality of chambers may be defined by overlapping apertures through a plurality of the planar layers. The plurality of chambers may include a Gas Chromatograph (GC) column. The planar layers may be flexible flat glass. The planar layers may be fused together. The layers may be made with apertures through the layers disposed in a desired pattern to define complex structures by the apertures overlapping between abutting layers when the layers are stacked. The planar layers may be configured to admit ultraviolet light.

Abstract: A semiconductor substrate according to an embodiment includes a substrate having a first substrate surface, the substrate having a first outer diameter; a metal layer provided on the first substrate surface, the metal layer having a second outer diameter smaller than the first outer diameter; a first adhesive tape having a ring shape, the ring shape having a third outer diameter smaller than the first outer diameter and larger than the second outer diameter, the ring shape having a third inner diameter smaller than the second outer diameter, the first adhesive tape having a first base material, the first base material having a first surface and a second surface opposed to the first surface, the first adhesive tape having a first adhesive layer provided on the first surface, the first adhesive tape being attached to the first substrate surface and the metal layer through the first adhesive layer; and a second adhesive tape having a fourth outer diameter smaller than the first outer diameter and larger than the

Abstract: Ultrasensitive, decoupled thermodynamic sensing platforms for the detection of chemical compounds in the vapor phase at trace levels are disclosed, wherein the sensors have a heating resistor decoupled from a sensing resistor. Embodiments of the decoupled sensor comprise a metallic microheater resistor on one side of substrate, and a sensor resistor coupled to a catalyst on the other side of the substrate. A sensor array may be provided including a plurality of sensors each having a different catalyst that, when exposed to an analyte, each experience an endothermic reaction, an exothermic reaction, or no reaction. A comparison of the reaction results to data comprising previously obtained reaction results may be used to determine the presence and the identity of the analyte. Advantageously, the decoupled sensors utilize less power and provide greater sensitivity than other known systems, and may be used to detect and identify a single molecule of an analyte.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and a method for cancer detection and screening, based on analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds emitted by certain cancerous tumors. The device and method provide high sensitivity and specificity analyses. The sample to be analysed may be e.g. blood or blood plasma. In one aspect, the invention is directed towards detection of or screening for gynaecological cancers, e.g. ovarian cancer. Particularly, the device comprises the following parts: a sample holder for a fluid or solid body sample; an air inlet; a detector tube comprising 4×4-16×4 sensors; optionally an individual potentiometer connected to each sensor of the detector tube; an analogue to digital signal converter; four control cards; a computer-based program for the registration and statistical calculation of results; and an electricity source.

Abstract: A sensing device including a transistor, at least one response electrode, and a selective membrane is provided. The transistor includes a gate end, a source end, a drain end, and a semiconductor layer, wherein the source end and the drain end are located on the semiconductor layer, and the gate end is located between the source end and the drain end. The at least one response electrode is disposed opposite to the gate end of the transistor and spaced apart from the transistor. The selective membrane is located on the at least one response electrode or on the transistor.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes: a semiconductor layer; a graphene film provided above the semiconductor layer and having at least a portion in contact with gas; and a barrier film between the semiconductor layer and the graphene film.

Abstract: A fluid sensor comprises a sensor material configured to come into contact at a surface region of same with a fluid and to obtain a first temporal change of a resistance value of the sensor material on the basis of the contact in a first sensor configuration and to obtain a second temporal change of the resistance value of the sensor material on the basis of the contact in a second sensor configuration. The fluid sensor comprises an output element configured to provide a sensor signal on the basis of the first and second temporal change of the resistance value.

Abstract: A gas sensor device has a crystalline film of copper(I) bromide, wherein a crystal surface of the copper(I) bromide is formed of a stepped terrace having a flat face and a steep slope.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a gas sensor comprising a gas-sensing material including a metal-organic framework with fcu topology and a substrate with a pair of electrodes proximate to the gas-sensing material, wherein the gas sensor is configured to detect toxic gas. Embodiments of the present disclosure further describe a method of detecting gas comprising contacting a gas sensor including a metal-organic framework with fcu topology with a gas/vapour composition including at least one toxic gas, capturing the at least one toxic gas from the fluid composition, and measuring an electrical property to detect a presence of the at least one toxic gas.

Abstract: An oxidizing gas detection method and an apparatus thereof are provided for trace oxidizing gas detection. The detection method includes the following steps. First, perform an electroreduction reaction and a photoreduction reaction simultaneously to a metal oxide in which nanoconductors are distributed. Next, stop the electroreduction reaction and the photoreduction reaction, and read a resistance of the reduced metal oxide by applying a first pulse-width modulation signal. Next, provide an oxidizing gas to the reduced metal oxide, and photo-catalyze a redox reaction between the oxidizing gas and the reduced metal oxide. Next, read a resistance of the oxidized metal oxide by applying a second pulse-width modulation signal. Next, converse a concentration of the oxidizing gas according to a ratio of the resistance of the oxidized metal oxide and the resistance of the reduced metal oxide.

Abstract: A method of and system for detecting a gas or vapor includes providing a sensor comprising an electrode pair in electrical contact with a layer of porous material, the porous material layer having water adsorbed on its surface; contacting the sensor with a gas or vapor sample to be analysed; applying a voltage across the electrode pair of the sensor; and measuring a response, the response correlating to the presence of a target gas or vapor.

Abstract: A gas sensor device has a crystalline film of copper(I) bromide, wherein a crystal surface of the copper(I) bromide is formed of a stepped terrace having a flat face and a steep slope.

Abstract: A gas sensor device includes gas sensors and switches. The switches are connected to the respective gas sensors in series. The gas sensors each include: a first conductive layer; a second conductive layer; a metal oxide layer disposed between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer; and an insulation layer covering the first conductive layer, the second conductive layer, and the metal oxide layer and having an opening from which a portion of the second conductive layer is exposed. The resistance of the gas sensor is decreased when a gas containing a hydrogen atom comes into contact with the second conductive layer.

Abstract: A MEMS IR sensor, with a cavity in a substrate underlapping an overlying layer and a temperature sensing component disposed in the overlying layer over the cavity, may be formed by forming an IR-absorbing sealing layer on the overlying layer so as to cover access holes to the cavity. The sealing layer is may include a photosensitive material, and the sealing layer may be patterned using a photolithographic process to form an IR-absorbing seal. Alternately, the sealing layer may be patterned using a mask and etch process to form the IR-absorbing seal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring device and a method for determining mass and/or mechanical properties of a biological system.

Abstract: It is disclosed herein a semiconductor device and a method of manufacturing the semiconductor device. The semiconductor device is made using partly CMOS or CMOS based processing steps, and it includes a semiconductor substrate, a dielectric region over the semiconductor substrate, a heater within the dielectric region and a patterned layer of noble metal above the dielectric region. The method includes the deposition of a photoresist material over the dielectric region, and patterning the photo-resist material to form a patterned region over the dielectric region. The steps of depositing the photo-resist material and patterning the photo-resist material may be performed in sequence using similar photolithography and etching steps to those used in a CMOS process. The resulting semiconductor device is then subjected to further processing steps which ensure that a dielectric membrane and a metal structure within the membrane are formed in the patterned region over the dielectric region.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a gas sensor in an IOT. The gas sensor includes a substrate, a conductor disposed above the substrate, and a sensing film disposed over the conductor. The conductor has a top-view pattern including a plurality of openings, a minimal dimension of the opening being less than about 4 micrometer; and a perimeter enclosing the opening. Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method of manufacturing a gas sensor. The method includes receiving a substrate; forming a conductor, over the substrate; patterning the conductor to form a plurality of openings in the conductor by an etching operation, and forming a gas-sensing film over the conductor. The openings are arranged in a repeating pattern, and a minimal dimension of the opening being about 4 micrometer.

Abstract: In a gas sensor using a first FET-type sensor for a sensor unit, a gas density measurement unit measures a gas density of gas to be detected at a predetermined time on the basis of a first threshold change as a difference between a first threshold voltage applied to a first gate layer when a first source-drain current is a first threshold current while the gas to be detected is not present in the atmosphere and a second threshold voltage applied to the first gate layer when the first source-drain current is the first threshold current at the predetermined time while the gas to be detected is present in the atmosphere, and a temporal differentiation of the first threshold change.

Abstract: A gallium nitride-based sensor having a heater structure and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed, the method including growing an n-type or p-type GaN layer on a substrate, growing a barrier layer on the n-type or p-type GaN layer, sequentially growing a u-GaN layer and a layer selected from among an AlxGa1-xN layer, an InxAl1-xN layer and an InxAlyGa1-x-yN layer on the barrier layer, patterning the n-type or p-type GaN layer to form an electrode, forming the electrode along the pattern formed on the n-type or p-type GaN layer, and forming a sensing material layer on the layer selected from among the AlxGa1-xN layer, the InxAl1-xN layer and the InxAlyGa1-x-yN layer, wherein a HEMT sensor or a Schottky diode sensor can be heated using an n-GaN (or p-GaN) layer, thus increasing the sensitivity of the sensor and reducing the restoration time.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a fracture ring sensor and a method of using the same to detect out of tolerance forces. Aspects of the invention include a product having a defined an out of tolerance force, a fracture ring sensor, and a mounting assembly coupling the fracture ring sensor to the product. The fracture ring sensor is patterned with a conductive trace and is manufactured to break when subjected to a predetermined amount of force. The predetermined amount of force is substantially equal to a percentage of the out of tolerance force of the product.

Abstract: A processing and detection system for detecting presence of at least one gluten protein in a food sample comprises a food processor including: a reservoir containing a process liquid for processing the food sample; a body that comprises a chamber configured to receive the food sample; and a pressing surface configured to press on the reservoir to cause the process liquid to exit the reservoir and mix with the food sample, thereby generating a processed food liquid; and an exit port configured to conduct the processed food liquid out of the food processor; and a cartridge including: at least one sensor configured to receive the processed food liquid and to generate an electrical signal in response to interaction with the at least one gluten protein in the processed food liquid, and an analyzer in electrical communication with the at least one sensor for detecting the electrical signal and determining the presence of the at least one gluten protein in the food sample based on the detected electrical signal.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a p-type semiconductor layer that contains copper or silver cations and contacts with detection target gas, a first electrode that is a Schottky electrode to the p-type semiconductor layer, a high-resistance layer that is provided between the p-type semiconductor layer and the first electrode such that the p-type semiconductor layer and the first electrode partly contact with each other and has resistance higher than that of each of the p-type semiconductor layer and the first electrode, and a second electrode that is an ohmic electrode to the p-type semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A micro heater includes a heater electrode formed on a first supporting portion. A micro sensor further includes a sensor electrode formed on the first supporting portion. In the micro heater and the micro sensor an anti-etching dam is formed on the supporting portion. The dam protects the shape of the first supporting portion during etching.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electrochemical sensing system is provided. The method includes forming a sensor with a first sensing element disposed on a sensor, the first sensing element configured to detect a target gas, disposing a second sensing element on the sensor, the second sensing element configured to detect the target gas, and coupling a protective feature to the second sensing element, the protective feature configured to prevent non-target gases from contacting the second sensing element. The sensor is configured such that if the first sensing element generates a current exceeding a first threshold current value and the second sensing element does not exceed a second threshold current value it is determined that the first sensing element is contaminated and a restoration protocol is performed on the first sensing element.

Abstract: Crystal lattice defects are generated in a horizontal surface portion of a semiconductor substrate and hydrogen-related donors are formed in the surface portion. Information is obtained about a cumulative dopant concentration of dopants, including the hydrogen-related donors, in the surface portion. Based on the information about the cumulative dopant concentration and a dissociation rate of the hydrogen-related donors, a main temperature profile is determined for dissociating a defined portion of the hydrogen-related donors. The semiconductor substrate is subjected to a main heat treatment applying the main temperature profile to obtain, in the surface portion, a final total dopant concentration deviating from a target dopant concentration by not more than 15%.

Abstract: A mobile device having a gas-sensing function including a case body, a backlight module and a gas sensor is provided. The case body has at least one through hole. The backlight module is disposed in the case body. The gas sensor is disposed in the case body. The gas sensor includes a gas-sensing material layer for sensing a gas. The gas-sensing material layer receives a visible light emitted from the backlight module and is activated by the visible light.